Bucket for testing excavating resistance of wheel bucket excavator

Abstract

The invention provides a bucket for testing the digging resistance of a wheel bucket excavator, and solves the problems that the conventional wheel bucket excavator is difficult to directly and accurately measure the resistance in the tangential direction, the lateral direction and the normal direction of the bucket and the distribution condition of the lateral digging resistance in a lug plate of the bucket cannot be tested. According to the technical scheme, a bucket is connected with a bucket wheel body through three or four sets of hinge parts, each set of hinge part is composed of two bucket lug plates and one bucket wheel body lug plate in a matched mode, and the bucket lug plates and the bucket wheel body lug plates are connected through bidirectional force measuring pin shaft sensors penetrating through lug plate shaft holes; pressure ring sensors are arranged between the two sides of the bucket wheel body lug plate and the two opposite bucket lug plates respectively, pin shaft sensors penetrate through shaft holes of the pressure ring sensors, and the pressure ring sensors are fixed to the opposite faces of the two bucket lug plates through annular baffles. And the pressure ring sensor is embedded in the annular baffle plate. By arranging the bucket for testing, the resistance distribution of the hinged part in the bucket is accurately measured, and the reliability and the testing efficiency are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a bucket for testing digging resistance of a bucket wheel excavator, which is used for testing resistance of open-pit mining excavation equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the open-pit continuous mining process system, bucket wheel excavators, as an efficient mining equipment, are widely used in the mining and stripping of open-pit coal mines. Bucket wheel excavators are subject to excavation resistance from materials during the excavation process, and excavation resistance is an important parameter that affects the power demand, excavation capacity and production capacity of bucket wheel excavators. However, the existing test methods for the excavation resistance of bucket wheel excavators have many shortcomings, especially in the accurate measurement of three-dimensional excavation resistance, namely tangential, lateral and normal resistance. The accurate measurement of these resistances is crucial for the design and optimization of excavators.

[0003] Traditional testing methods usually rely on indirect measurements, such as estimating the excavation resistance by monitoring the motor power of the bucket wheel drive device of the bucket wheel excavator or the oil pressure of the hydraulic motor of the bucket wheel drive device. These methods are unable to provide accurate three-way excavation resistance data. In addition, when the excavator is performing lateral excavation, the bucket is deformed due to force, resulting in uneven force on the ear plate connecting the bucket and the bucket wheel body, which makes the measurement of lateral excavation resistance more complicated. In actual work, during the rotation of the excavator, the bucket may be deformed due to uneven force, resulting in only part of the ear plate bearing the lateral force, while part of the ear plate is not subject to the lateral force. How to measure which ear plate bears the lateral force is an unresolved problem in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bucket for testing the digging resistance of a bucket wheel excavator, which solves the problem that it is difficult to directly and accurately measure the resistance of the bucket in the three directions of tangential, lateral and normal with the existing bucket wheel excavator, especially the problem that it is impossible to test the distribution of the lateral digging resistance in the bucket ear plate. By setting up a test bucket, the resistance distribution of the hinged part in the bucket can be accurately measured, and the reliability and test efficiency are high.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the bucket for digging resistance testing of a bucket wheel excavator includes a bucket with bucket teeth connected to a data collector, and the technical key points are: the bucket is connected to a bucket wheel body through three or four sets of hinged parts, each set of hinged parts is composed of two bucket ear plates and a bucket wheel body ear plate arranged in the middle, the bucket ear plate and the bucket wheel body ear plate are connected through a two-way force measuring pin shaft sensor passing through the axial holes of each ear plate, and the pin shaft sensor is fixed to the bucket ear plate through an end cap at one end; pressure ring sensors are respectively arranged on both sides of the bucket wheel body ear plate and between the two opposite bucket ear plates, the pin shaft sensor passes through the axial hole of the pressure ring sensor, and the pressure ring sensor is fixed to the opposite surfaces of the two bucket ear plates through an annular baffle; the pressure ring sensor is embedded in the annular baffle, and the pressure ring sensor protrudes from the end surface of the bucket wheel body ear plate corresponding to the annular baffle.

[0006] The annular baffle is provided with a notch for routing a test cable of the pressure ring sensor.

[0007] A gap is left between the bucket ear plate of each set of hinged parts and the bucket wheel body ear plate.

[0008] The end cap of the pin sensor is D-shaped, and a rectangular baffle is arranged on the corresponding bucket ear plate.

[0009] Lubricating grease is applied between the pin shaft sensor and the corresponding ear plate shaft hole.

[0010] The pin shaft sensor is connected to the shaft holes of each ear plate by means of bearings.

[0011] The bucket wall of the test bucket is provided with openings.

[0012] A protective ring corresponding to the pin sensor end cap is arranged on the outer side of the bucket ear plate.

[0013] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a test bucket that is connected to the bucket wheel body and transmits load only through a bidirectional force measuring pin shaft sensor and two pressure ring sensors at each hinged part, has a simple structure and high reliability, and can accurately and directly measure the digging resistance of the bucket in the three directions of tangential, normal and lateral directions of each hinged part. Moreover, when the bucket wheel excavator changes the rotation direction during the excavation process, the direction of the lateral digging resistance also changes accordingly, and the test bucket of the present invention can effectively measure the change of the digging resistance. When only one or several hinged parts transmit the lateral digging resistance between the bucket ear plate and the bucket wheel body ear plate due to deformation or insufficient processing accuracy, the test bucket of the present invention can measure the accurate distribution of the lateral digging resistance in several hinged parts. The test bucket is connected to the bucket wheel body through a pin shaft, which is convenient for on-site installation and testing. The pin shaft sensor and the annular pressure sensor can be customized, which is convenient for application to the existing bucket wheel excavator, and the digging resistance test can be carried out by only slightly modifying the ordinary bucket on the bucket wheel excavator. By using a bearing connection between the lug plate and the pin sensor and opening a hole in the bucket wall, the influence of friction, material gravity and other factors on the test accuracy can be effectively reduced. By setting up a test bucket, the resistance distribution of the hinged part in the bucket can be accurately measured, especially the distribution of lateral excavation resistance in several lugs of the bucket can be accurately tested, with high reliability and test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the test bucket structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hinge part of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a D-shaped end cap of a pin sensor of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the pressure ring sensor of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the test bucket structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of the serial numbers in the figure: 1 bucket tooth, 2 hinge part, 3 bucket wall, 4 opening, 5 bucket ear plate, 6 bucket wheel body ear plate, 7 pin shaft sensor, 8 end cap, 9 pressure ring sensor, 10 annular baffle, 11 D-shaped end cap, 12 rectangular baffle, 13 notch, 14 test cable, 15 screw, 16 protection ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] according to Figure 1-5 The present invention is described in detail. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the first embodiment, a bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator comprises a bucket with bucket teeth 1 and a bucket wall 3 connected to a data collector, the bucket being connected to a bucket wheel body via three sets of hinged parts 2, the hinged parts 2 being the connection points between the bucket and the bucket wheel body, each set of hinged parts being composed of two bucket ear plates 5 and a bucket wheel body ear plate 6 arranged in the middle, the bucket ear plate and the bucket wheel body ear plate being connected via a bidirectional force measuring pin shaft sensor 7 passing through the axial holes of each ear plate, the pin shaft sensor 7 being fixed to the bucket ear plate 5 via an end cap 8 at one end; pressure ring sensors 9 are respectively arranged between the two sides of the bucket wheel body ear plate 6 and the two opposite bucket ear plates 5, the pin shaft sensor 7 passes through the axial hole of the pressure ring sensor, annular baffles 10 are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two bucket ear plates, the corresponding pressure ring sensors 9 are embedded in the annular baffles 10, and the pressure ring sensors 9 protrude from the end faces of the bucket wheel body ear plates relative to the annular baffles 10.

[0018] Each hinged part between the test bucket and the bucket wheel body is connected in the following manner: Each set of hinged parts 2 is provided with two bucket lugs 5 on the bucket, and a bucket wheel body lug 6 on the bucket wheel body, and the lug on the bucket wheel body is located in the middle of the two lugs of the bucket. The above three lugs are connected by a pin sensor 7 passing through the shaft holes of each lug.

[0019] The pin sensor 7 uses a bidirectional force sensor, which can measure the excavation resistance in two orthogonal directions along the normal direction of the pin. The pin sensor is provided with a mark of the test direction. When installing, the two orthogonal directions tested by the pin sensor are set to the tangent direction of the bucket wheel body along the hinged part and the normal direction pointing to the bucket wheel shaft, so as to measure the tangential excavation resistance and normal excavation resistance of the test bucket during the excavation process. The pin sensor uses a commercially available sensor, for example, the pin sensor can use Jiangsu Donghua D100LC40.

[0020] One end of the pin sensor 7 is provided with an end cap 8 and the other end is not provided with an end cap. The end cap 8 is provided with a screw hole. The pin sensor is fixed to the bucket ear plate 5 by screws 15 so that the position of the pin sensor and the bucket is fixed during the test.

[0021] Two annular pressure sensors are arranged on both sides of the bucket wheel body ear plate 6. The movement of the pressure ring sensor in the axial direction of the pin is limited by the ear plates on the bucket wheel body and the bucket. When the pressure-bearing surface of the pressure ring sensor is subjected to the pressure load from the bucket ear plate and the bucket wheel body ear plate, the lateral excavation resistance can be measured. An annular baffle is fixed on the side of the two bucket ear plates opposite to the bucket wheel body ear plate. The pressure ring sensor is placed inside the annular baffle, and the pin sensor passes through the inner hole of the pressure ring sensor. The pressure ring sensor 9 is embedded in the annular baffle 10, the outer diameter of the pressure ring sensor is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the annular baffle, the inner hole of the pressure ring sensor is larger than the diameter of the pin sensor, and the thickness of the annular baffle is smaller than the thickness of the pressure ring sensor, so as to ensure that during the test process, only two pressure-bearing surfaces of the pressure ring sensor are in contact with the bucket wheel body and the bucket ear plates respectively, the inner ring of the pressure ring sensor is not in contact with the pin sensor, and the normal expansion of the pressure ring sensor caused by the axial pressure on the pin is not restricted, thereby ensuring the test accuracy of the pressure ring sensor. The pressure ring sensor adopts a commercially available sensor, and the pressure ring sensor can adopt the NC200 model of Shanghai Naichuang.

[0022] At each articulated part, the bucket and the bucket wheel body are tested to be in contact and transfer load only through the pin sensor and the pressure ring sensor. There is no contact and load transfer between the two at other positions.

[0023] The data collector can be a commercially available rugged data collector of model DH5902N, which includes a data acquisition unit, a data storage and processing unit, and a test cable. The test cable 14 of each sensor is connected to a specific channel of the data acquisition unit. The position of the test sensor on the test bucket and the test data can be matched through the specific name or number of each channel.

[0024] As a further improvement, Figure 4 As shown, a notch 13 is provided on the annular baffle, and the notch is used for routing a test cable 14 of the pressure ring sensor.

[0025] As a further improvement, when the test bucket has not yet started digging, a certain gap is left between the pressure-bearing surface of the pressure ring sensor and the bucket ear plate and bucket wheel body ear plate to facilitate the installation of the test bucket on the bucket wheel body. When the bucket is digging, one side ear plate of the bucket is squeezed with the bucket wheel body ear plate, so that the pressure ring sensor squeezed between the two can measure the lateral digging resistance.

[0026] As a further improvement, Figure 3 As shown, the end cap of the pin sensor can adopt a D-shaped end cap 11, and a rectangular baffle 12 is arranged on the bucket ear plate connected thereto. By fitting the D-shaped straight edge of the pin sensor end cap with the rectangular baffle edge of the bucket ear plate, the pin sensor can be easily positioned and the bucket tangential digging resistance and normal digging resistance can be accurately tested.

[0027] As a further improvement, lubricating grease is applied between the pin shaft sensor and the shaft holes of each ear plate to reduce the influence of friction on the test results.

[0028] As a further improvement, the pin shaft sensor is connected to the shaft holes of each ear plate by means of bearings so as to minimize the influence of friction on the test results.

[0029] As a further improvement, the bucket wall of the test bucket has a hole 4 so that the material excavated into the bucket can leak out through the bucket during the rotating excavation process of the bucket wheel body instead of remaining in the bucket, so as to prevent the influence of material gravity on the excavation resistance.

[0030] As a further improvement, a protective ring 16 is provided on the bucket ear plate connected to the end cap of the pin sensor, and the protective ring can cover the end cap 8 of the pin sensor to protect the end cap of the pin sensor from the impact of materials.

[0031] Embodiment 2, as Figure 5 As shown, the bucket used for the bucket wheel excavator excavation resistance test has four sets of hinged parts 2, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bucket. The bucket and the bucket wheel body are connected by the four sets of hinged parts, and the other structural parts are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0032] In summary, the purpose of the present invention is achieved.

Claims

1. A bucket for testing digging resistance of a bucket wheel excavator, comprising a bucket with bucket teeth connected to a data collector, characterized in that: The bucket is connected to the bucket wheel body through three or four groups of hinged parts, each group of hinged parts is composed of two bucket ear plates and a bucket wheel body ear plate arranged in the middle, the bucket ear plate and the bucket wheel body ear plate are connected through a two-way force measuring pin sensor passing through the axial holes of each ear plate, and the pin sensor is fixed to the bucket ear plate through an end cap at one end; pressure ring sensors are respectively arranged on both sides of the bucket wheel body ear plate and between the two opposite bucket ear plates, the pin sensor passes through the axial hole of the pressure ring sensor, and the pressure ring sensor is fixed to the opposite surfaces of the two bucket ear plates through an annular baffle; the pressure ring sensor is embedded in the annular baffle, and the pressure ring sensor protrudes from the end surface of the bucket wheel body ear plate corresponding to the annular baffle.

2. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular baffle is provided with a notch for routing a test cable of the pressure ring sensor.

3. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left between the bucket ear plate of each set of hinged parts and the bucket wheel body ear plate.

4. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cap of the pin sensor is D-shaped, and a rectangular baffle is arranged on the corresponding bucket ear plate.

5. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricating grease is applied between the pin shaft sensor and the corresponding ear plate shaft hole.

6. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin shaft sensor is connected to the shaft holes of each ear plate by means of bearings.

7. The bucket for testing the excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bucket wall of the test bucket is provided with openings.

8. The bucket for testing excavation resistance of a bucket wheel excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective ring corresponding to the pin sensor end cap is arranged on the outer side of the bucket ear plate.

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