Preparation method and application of leaf fertilizer for cotton

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a foliar fertilizer for cotton, and relates to the field of foliar fertilizers.The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer for cotton comprises the following steps that S1, raw materials are prepared, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 55-70 parts of wood vinegar, 3-7 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2-5 parts of fulvic acid, 20-30 parts of urea, 1-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20-25 parts of gibberellin, 1-8 parts of a chelating agent and 3-10 parts of a surfactant, urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate are respectively dissolved in water and mixed, the wood vinegar is added to obtain a mixed aqueous solution II, and the mixed aqueous solution II is uniformly mixed with water; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving gibberellin, a chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water, mixing aqueous solutions of the gibberellin, the chelating agent and the chitosan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixed aqueous solution III, adding the mixed aqueous solution II into the mixed aqueous solution III, and then adding a surfactant and fulvic acid to obtain the foliar fertilizer. When the wood vinegar is prepared, larch is used, so that the boll weight of cotton and the yield of seed cotton can be effectively promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of foliar fertilizers, and in particular to a preparation method and application of foliar fertilizers for cotton. Background Art

[0003] In order to promote the growth of cotton during its growth stage, it is generally necessary to apply fertilizers to cotton. Fertilizers are divided into root-supplied fertilizers and leaf-supplied fertilizers. Leaf-supplied fertilizers are also called foliar fertilizers. Foliar fertilization can directly deliver nutrients to plant leaves, which are quickly absorbed through the stomata of the leaves, thereby quickly replenishing the nutrients needed by the plants. This is particularly useful during the critical growth period or when the soil nutrient supply is insufficient. Compared with root fertilization, foliar fertilization can reduce the fixation and loss of nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of nutrients.

[0004] Existing foliar fertilizers generally include nitrogen fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers and potassium fertilizers, and their main forms are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate. The applied urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate can add nutrients required for cotton growth. However, the nutritional supply of cotton only through urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate has a relatively simple functional effect and cannot meet the needs of plant growth well.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new preparation method and application of foliar fertilizer for cotton to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a preparation method and application of foliar fertilizer for cotton.

[0007] The method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: preparing raw materials, including the following components in parts by weight: 55-70 parts of wood vinegar, 3-7 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2-5 parts of fulvic acid, 20-30 parts of urea, 1-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of gibberellin, 1-8 parts of chelating agent and 3-10 parts of surfactant;

[0009] The wood vinegar is prepared from larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of the larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2.

[0010] S2: dissolving urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in water respectively to obtain a urea aqueous solution, a phosphoric acid aqueous solution and a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions uniformly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 1;

[0011] S3: heating the mixed aqueous solution 1 to 45-50° C., adding wood vinegar to the mixed aqueous solution 1, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 2;

[0012] S4: dissolving gibberellin, chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water respectively to obtain gibberellin aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution and chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain mixed aqueous solution three;

[0013] S5: Add the mixed aqueous solution 2 to the mixed aqueous solution 3, stir evenly to obtain the mixed aqueous solution 4, heat the mixed aqueous solution 4 to 60-70° C., add a surfactant and humic acid to the heated mixed aqueous solution, mix evenly, and obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, urea is dissolved in water and stirred at 35-45°C to prepare a urea aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is dissolved in water and stirred at 40-50°C to prepare a potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, and potassium sulfate is dissolved in water and stirred at 30-40°C to prepare a potassium sulfate aqueous solution.

[0015] Preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the wood vinegar comprises the following steps:

[0017] S401: Collect larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo as raw materials;

[0018] S402: Wash, dry and cut larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo into wood blocks;

[0019] S403: putting the cut wood blocks into a dry distillation device for heating. During heating, the temperature is first raised to 80-120° C. and kept constant for 5-8 hours, then gradually raised to 180-220° C. and kept constant for 3-4 hours, and then continued to be raised to 380-450° C. to promote the decomposition of the wood blocks and release of gas;

[0020] S404: Condensing the released gas, collecting the liquid, and obtaining wood vinegar.

[0021] Preferably, the foliar fertilizer also includes 2-5 parts by weight of trace elements, and the trace elements include zinc, iron and manganese, wherein the weight ratio of zinc, iron and manganese is (1-10): (0.5-3): (2-15).

[0022] Preferably, the surfactant includes an amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, a sulfonate betaine amphoteric surfactant and an imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, the sulfonate betaine amphoteric surfactant and the imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant is (0.8-1.5): (0.5-1): (1-7).

[0023] Preferably, the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is one or more of N-alkylglycine, N-alkylalanine and N-alkylsarcosine.

[0024] Preferably, the sulfobetaine amphoteric surfactant includes one or more of alkyldimethylsulfoethylbetaine and alkyldimethylsulfopropylbetaine.

[0025] Preferably, an application of foliar fertilizer for cotton is based on the foliar fertilizer prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton, and the foliar fertilizer is diluted 1000-1200 times and then sprayed on cotton leaves.

[0026] Preferably, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed during the bud stage and the boll stage of the cotton, the spraying frequency is 2 times, and the interval between the two sprayings is more than one week.

[0027] Compared with the related art, the preparation method and application of a foliar fertilizer for cotton provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. Gibberellic acid accelerates plant growth by promoting cell elongation and division, while the organic acids and other active ingredients in wood vinegar can stimulate plant growth. Wood vinegar provides rich organic matter and trace elements. The two are used together to achieve the purpose of promoting the growth of cotton plants and increasing production.

[0029] 2. When preparing wood vinegar, the present invention uses larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo to prepare it, wherein the weight ratio of larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2. The components and proportions provided by the present invention can effectively promote the boll weight and seed cotton yield of cotton, and can improve the quality of cotton fiber.

[0030] 3. The present invention can prepare cotton stalks into soil-based fertilizer after cotton is harvested through reasonable components and proportions, and the fertilizer prepared from cotton stalks provided by the present invention can effectively promote the growth of cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0032] In the specific implementation process,

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] A method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1: preparing raw materials, including the following components in parts by weight: 62.5 parts of wood vinegar, 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of fulvic acid, 25 parts of urea, 5.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 8.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 22.5 parts of gibberellin, 4.5 parts of chelating agent and 6.5 parts of surfactant;

[0036] The wood vinegar is prepared from larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2;

[0037] S2: dissolving urea in water, stirring and dissolving at 35-45° C. to prepare a urea aqueous solution, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring and dissolving at 40-50° C. to prepare a potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, dissolving potassium sulfate in water, stirring and dissolving at 30-40° C. to prepare a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 1;

[0038] S3: heating the mixed aqueous solution 1 to 45-50° C., adding wood vinegar to the mixed aqueous solution 1, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 2;

[0039] S4: dissolving gibberellin, chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water respectively to obtain gibberellin aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution and chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain mixed aqueous solution three;

[0040] S5: adding the mixed aqueous solution 2 to the mixed aqueous solution 3, stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 4, heating the mixed aqueous solution 4 to 60-70° C., adding a surfactant and fulvic acid to the heated mixed aqueous solution, and mixing evenly to obtain a foliar fertilizer;

[0041] The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da;

[0042] The preparation method of the wood vinegar comprises the following steps:

[0043] S401: Collect larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo as raw materials;

[0044] S402: Wash, dry and cut larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo into wood blocks;

[0045] S403: putting the cut wood blocks into a dry distillation device for heating. During heating, the temperature is first raised to 80-120° C. and kept constant for 5-8 hours, then gradually raised to 180-220° C. and kept constant for 3-4 hours, and then continued to be raised to 380-450° C. to promote the decomposition of the wood blocks and release of gas;

[0046] S404: condensing the released gas and collecting the liquid to obtain wood vinegar;

[0047] The surfactant includes an amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, a sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and an imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and the imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant is (0.8-1.5):(0.5-1):(1-7), the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is one or more of N-alkylglycine, N-alkylalanine and N-alkylsarcosine, and the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant includes one or more of alkyldimethylsulfoethyl betaine and alkyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine;

[0048] An application of foliar fertilizer for cotton, comprising: diluting the foliar fertilizer by 1000-1200 times and spraying the foliar fertilizer on cotton leaves; spraying the foliar fertilizer during the bud and boll stages of the cotton; spraying the foliar fertilizer twice, with an interval of more than one week between the two sprayings;

[0049] The foliar fertilizer also includes 2-5 parts by weight of trace elements, which include zinc, iron and manganese, wherein the weight ratio of zinc, iron and manganese is (1-10): (0.5-3): (2-15).

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] A method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: preparing raw materials, including the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of wood vinegar, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2 parts of fulvic acid, 20 parts of urea, 1 part of potassium sulfate, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of gibberellins, 1 part of chelating agent and 3 parts of surfactant;

[0053] The wood vinegar is prepared from larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2;

[0054] S2: dissolving urea in water, stirring and dissolving at 35-45° C. to prepare a urea aqueous solution, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring and dissolving at 40-50° C. to prepare a potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, dissolving potassium sulfate in water, stirring and dissolving at 30-40° C. to prepare a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 1;

[0055] S3: heating the mixed aqueous solution 1 to 45-50° C., adding wood vinegar to the mixed aqueous solution 1, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 2;

[0056] S4: dissolving gibberellin, chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water respectively to obtain gibberellin aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution and chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain mixed aqueous solution three;

[0057] S5: adding the mixed aqueous solution 2 to the mixed aqueous solution 3, stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 4, heating the mixed aqueous solution 4 to 60-70° C., adding a surfactant and fulvic acid to the heated mixed aqueous solution, and mixing evenly to obtain a foliar fertilizer;

[0058] The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da;

[0059] The preparation method of the wood vinegar comprises the following steps:

[0060] S401: Collect larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo as raw materials;

[0061] S402: Wash, dry and cut larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo into wood blocks;

[0062] S403: putting the cut wood blocks into a dry distillation device for heating. During heating, the temperature is first raised to 80-120° C. and kept constant for 5-8 hours, then gradually raised to 180-220° C. and kept constant for 3-4 hours, and then continued to be raised to 380-450° C. to promote the decomposition of the wood blocks and release of gas;

[0063] S404: condensing the released gas and collecting the liquid to obtain wood vinegar;

[0064] The surfactant includes an amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, a sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and an imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and the imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant is (0.8-1.5):(0.5-1):(1-7), the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is one or more of N-alkylglycine, N-alkylalanine and N-alkylsarcosine, and the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant includes one or more of alkyldimethylsulfoethyl betaine and alkyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine;

[0065] An application of foliar fertilizer for cotton, comprising: diluting the foliar fertilizer by 1000-1200 times and spraying the foliar fertilizer on cotton leaves; spraying the foliar fertilizer during the bud and boll stages of the cotton; spraying the foliar fertilizer twice, with an interval of more than one week between the two sprayings;

[0066] The foliar fertilizer also includes 2-5 parts by weight of trace elements, which include zinc, iron and manganese, wherein the weight ratio of zinc, iron and manganese is (1-10): (0.5-3): (2-15).

[0067] Embodiment 3

[0068] A method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1: preparing raw materials, including the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of wood vinegar, 7 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 parts of fulvic acid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of gibberellin, 8 parts of chelating agent and 10 parts of surfactant;

[0070] The wood vinegar is prepared from larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2;

[0071] S2: dissolving urea in water, stirring and dissolving at 35-45° C. to prepare a urea aqueous solution, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring and dissolving at 40-50° C. to prepare a potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, dissolving potassium sulfate in water, stirring and dissolving at 30-40° C. to prepare a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 1;

[0072] S3: heating the mixed aqueous solution 1 to 45-50° C., adding wood vinegar to the mixed aqueous solution 1, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 2;

[0073] S4: dissolving gibberellin, chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water respectively to obtain gibberellin aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution and chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain mixed aqueous solution three;

[0074] S5: adding the mixed aqueous solution 2 to the mixed aqueous solution 3, stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 4, heating the mixed aqueous solution 4 to 60-70° C., adding a surfactant and fulvic acid to the heated mixed aqueous solution, and mixing evenly to obtain a foliar fertilizer;

[0075] The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da;

[0076] The preparation method of the wood vinegar comprises the following steps:

[0077] S401: Collect larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo as raw materials;

[0078] S402: Wash, dry and cut larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo into wood blocks;

[0079] S403: putting the cut wood blocks into a dry distillation device for heating. During heating, the temperature is first raised to 80-120° C. and kept constant for 5-8 hours, then gradually raised to 180-220° C. and kept constant for 3-4 hours, and then continued to be raised to 380-450° C. to promote the decomposition of the wood blocks and release of gas;

[0080] S404: condensing the released gas and collecting the liquid to obtain wood vinegar;

[0081] The surfactant includes an amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, a sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and an imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant and the imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant is (0.8-1.5):(0.5-1):(1-7), the amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is one or more of N-alkylglycine, N-alkylalanine and N-alkylsarcosine, and the sulfonated betaine amphoteric surfactant includes one or more of alkyldimethylsulfoethyl betaine and alkyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine;

[0082] An application of foliar fertilizer for cotton, comprising: diluting the foliar fertilizer by 1000-1200 times and spraying the foliar fertilizer on cotton leaves; spraying the foliar fertilizer during the bud and boll stages of the cotton; spraying the foliar fertilizer twice, with an interval of more than one week between the two sprayings;

[0083] The foliar fertilizer also includes 2-5 parts by weight of trace elements, which include zinc, iron and manganese, wherein the weight ratio of zinc, iron and manganese is (1-10): (0.5-3): (2-15).

[0084] The chelating agent used in the present invention may be a glycine chelating agent.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] No wood vinegar is added to the foliar fertilizer for cotton, and the other components are the same.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] No gibberellin is added to the foliar fertilizer for cotton, and the other components are the same.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] No wood vinegar and gibberellin are added to the foliar fertilizer for cotton, and the other components are the same.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] The same components as in Example 1 are followed, except that:

[0093] The wood vinegar is prepared from broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of the broad-leaved trees to the bamboo is 10:2.

[0094] Comparative Example 5

[0095] The same components as in Example 1 are followed, except that:

[0096] The wood vinegar is prepared from larch and broad-leaved trees, wherein the weight ratio of larch to broad-leaved trees is 0.02:10.

[0097] Experimental Group 1

[0098] Nine experimental fields were used, each of which was 3 mu. The foliar fertilizers prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 were sprayed. The foliar fertilizers were sprayed at the bud stage and the boll stage of the cotton. The last experimental field was set with a clear water control group, which was sprayed until the liquid dripped down along the leaves. The quality of each group of cotton and the quality of cotton fiber were recorded, and the records were shown in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively:

[0099] Bell weight(g) Seed cotton yield (kg / mu) Yield increase rate (%) Embodiment 1 6.8 309.1 11.9 Embodiment 2 6.9 311.2 12.7 Embodiment 3 6.9 310.9 12.6 Comparative Example 1 6.3 289.6 4.9 Comparative Example 2 6.6 305.6 10.6 Comparative Example 3 6.2 283.3 2.6 Comparative Example 4 6.5 293.6 6.3 Comparative Example 5 6.6 303.6 9.9 Water control group 5.6 276.2

[0100] Table 1

[0101] From the analysis of the relevant data performances of each embodiment, each comparative example and the clear water control group in Table 1, it can be seen that the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 provided by the present invention can effectively increase the boll weight of cotton in terms of cotton growth, and compared with the clear water control group, the embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 can significantly increase the yield of cotton. From the data in comparative example 1, it can be seen that the wood vinegar added by the present invention can effectively increase the boll weight and seed cotton yield of cotton. From the data performances in comparative examples 4 and 5, it can be seen that when preparing wood vinegar in the present invention, the wood vinegar is prepared by larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, and the weight ratio of larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:2. When larch is not included in the wood vinegar, although it has a certain promoting effect on the performance of boll weight and seed cotton yield of cotton, the effect is not obvious. This shows that the present invention can improve the effect of wood vinegar in foliar fertilizer by adding larch when preparing wood vinegar;

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Table 2

[0105] From the analysis of the relevant data performances of each embodiment, each comparative example and the clear water control group in Table 2, it can be seen that the foliar fertilizer prepared by Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 provided by the present invention can effectively increase the average length of the upper half of the lint cotton, and also has better performance in terms of breaking strength. Corresponding to the performance in Table 1, in Comparative Example 1, the present invention can also increase the average length of the upper half of the lint cotton and the breaking strength by adding wood vinegar, and it can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the wood vinegar prepared by larch can also show better effects on the average length of the upper half of the lint cotton and the breaking strength.

[0106] Experimental Group 2

[0107] The experimental fields used in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and the clear water control group of Experimental Group 1 collected cotton stalks after cotton was picked, and the obtained cotton stalks were used to make fertilizer using the same steps and methods. The following is a more common method for preparing basal fertilizer using straw, comprising the following steps:

[0108] 1. Collect cotton stalks;

[0109] 2. Crush the cotton stalks;

[0110] 3. Mixing the crushed cotton straw with livestock and poultry excrement to obtain a mixed material;

[0111] 4. Adjust the humidity to keep the moisture content of the mixed material between 50% and 60% and perform stacking treatment;

[0112] 5. Turn the cotton stalks once a week or so, and the cotton stalks will gradually become decomposed, and you will get the fertilizer made from the cotton stalks:

[0113] Six experimental fields were reused (not the experimental fields used in experimental group one). Before sowing, fertilizers prepared from cotton straws in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and the clear water control group were spread in the six experimental fields and plowed into the soil. The six experimental fields were the straw group in Example 1, the straw group in Example 2, the straw group in Example 3, the straw group in Comparative Example 1, the straw group in Comparative Example 4 and the straw group in the clear water control group. Cotton was planted in the six experimental fields. When foliar fertilizer was required in the bud stage and the boll stage of the cotton, water was sprayed until liquid dripped down along the leaves. The quality of cotton in each group and the quality of cotton fiber were recorded, as shown in Tables 3 and 4. The yield increase rate in Table 3 was compared with the clear water control group in the experimental group one:

[0114]

[0115] Table 3

[0116] Analysis of the data in Table 3 shows that the fertilizer prepared from the cotton stalks provided by the experimental fields in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 provided by the present invention can promote the growth of cotton. Although the straw group in the clear water control group has a certain promoting effect, the effect is small. According to the data in the table, the boll weights of the straw groups in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 are all greater than those in the straw group in Comparative Example 1 and the straw group in Comparative Example 4, wherein the boll weight of the straw group in Comparative Example 4 is greater than that of the straw group in Comparative Example 1. The same conclusion can be drawn by observing the data in the column of seed cotton yield, which shows that the fertilizer prepared by the composition and method of the present invention can not only promote the growth of cotton, but also the cotton stalks planted therein can provide soil fertility and promote the growth of crops. Analysis of the data in the straw group in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 shows that the present invention uses wood vinegar added, and larch is used in the preparation of wood vinegar, so that wood vinegar can improve the fertility of cotton stalks when used as fertilizer, and the larch added to the wood vinegar can still achieve the effect of improving the fertility of cotton stalks when used as fertilizer.

[0117]

[0118] Table 4

[0119] From the analysis of the data in Table 4, it can be seen that the straw group of Example 1, the straw group of Example 2 and the straw group of Example 3 also have a certain promoting effect on improving the quality of cotton fiber. In terms of the average length of the upper half of cotton and the breaking strength, the effects of the straw group of Example 1, the straw group of Example 2 and the straw group of Example 3 are greater than the effects achieved by the straw group of Comparative Example 1 and the straw group of Comparative Example 4. From the analysis of the data in the straw group of Comparative Example 1 and the straw group of Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the cotton straw prepared with the fertilizer added with wood vinegar can increase the average length of the upper half of the cotton fiber when used as fertilizer for the next season of cotton, and the larch added to the wood vinegar can still achieve the effect of increasing the average length of the upper half of the cotton fiber.

[0120] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the specification of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing raw materials, including the following components in parts by weight: 55-70 parts of wood vinegar, 3-7 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2-5 parts of fulvic acid, 20-30 parts of urea, 1-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 7-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of gibberellin, 1-8 parts of chelating agent and 3-10 parts of surfactant; The wood vinegar is prepared from larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo, wherein the weight ratio of the larch, broad-leaved trees and bamboo is 0.02:10:

2. S2: dissolving urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in water respectively to obtain a urea aqueous solution, a phosphoric acid aqueous solution and a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions uniformly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 1; S3: heating the mixed aqueous solution 1 to 45-50° C., adding wood vinegar to the mixed aqueous solution 1, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed aqueous solution 2; S4: dissolving gibberellin, chelating agent and chitosan oligosaccharide in water respectively to obtain gibberellin aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution and chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, and mixing the three aqueous solutions to obtain mixed aqueous solution three; S5: Add the mixed aqueous solution 2 to the mixed aqueous solution 3, stir evenly to obtain the mixed aqueous solution 4, heat the mixed aqueous solution 4 to 60-70° C., add a surfactant and humic acid to the heated mixed aqueous solution, mix evenly, and obtain foliar fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The urea is dissolved in water, and the solution is stirred at 35-45°C to prepare a urea aqueous solution. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate is dissolved in water, and the solution is stirred at 40-50°C to prepare a potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution. The potassium sulfate is dissolved in water, and the solution is stirred at 30-40°C to prepare a potassium sulfate aqueous solution.

3. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-2000Da.

4. The method for preparing foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the wood vinegar comprises the following steps: S401: Collect larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo as raw materials; S402: Wash, dry and cut larch, broadleaf trees and bamboo into wood blocks; S403: putting the cut wood blocks into a dry distillation device for heating. During heating, the temperature is first raised to 80-120° C. and kept constant for 5-8 hours, then gradually raised to 180-220° C. and kept constant for 3-4 hours, and then continued to be raised to 380-450° C. to promote the decomposition of the wood blocks and release of gas; S404: Condensing the released gas, collecting the liquid, and obtaining wood vinegar.

5. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foliar fertilizer also includes 2-5 parts by weight of trace elements, which include zinc, iron and manganese, wherein the weight ratio of zinc, iron and manganese is (1-10): (0.5-3): (2-15).

6. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactants include amino acid type amphoteric surfactants, sulfonyl betaine amphoteric surfactants and imidazoline type amphoteric surfactants, wherein the weight ratio of the amino acid type amphoteric surfactants, the sulfonyl betaine amphoteric surfactants and the imidazoline type amphoteric surfactants is (0.8-1.5): (0.5-1): (1-7).

7. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amino acid type amphoteric surfactant is one or more of N-alkylglycine, N-alkylalanine and N-alkylsarcosine.

8. The method for preparing the foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sulfobetaine amphoteric surfactant includes one or more of alkyldimethylsulfoethylbetaine and alkyldimethylsulfopropylbetaine.

9. An application of foliar fertilizer for cotton, the foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: The foliar fertilizer is diluted 1000-1200 times and then sprayed on cotton leaves.

10. The use of foliar fertilizer for cotton according to claim 9, characterized in that: The foliar fertilizer is sprayed during the bud stage and the boll stage of the cotton, the spraying frequency is 2 times, and the interval between the two sprayings is more than one week.

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