Extrusion molding method for low-loss high-speed parallel lines and insulating cores and lotus root core extrusion molding mold

Abstract

According to the low-loss high-speed parallel line, the extrusion molding method of the insulating cores and the lotus root core extrusion molding mold, the low-loss high-speed parallel line comprises the two signal conductors which are arranged side by side, the outer side of each signal conductor is provided with the corresponding insulating core, and the two insulating cores are internally provided with the air channels which are distributed in a lotus root shape. The air channel enables the void ratio of the insulating core to be large, so that the dielectric constant of the whole cable can be reduced, the insertion loss is reduced to a great extent, and the cable is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements. Moreover, a shielding layer and an outer coating layer are sequentially arranged outside the two insulating cores from near to far, two drainage wires which are arranged side by side with the insulating cores and are symmetrical to each other are arranged between the shielding layer and the outer coating layer or between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer, and the two drainage wires are respectively and conductively connected with the shielding layer. Therefore, the grounding and tensile effects can be achieved, and the stability of the parallel line pairs can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment signal connection, and in particular to a method for extruding low-loss high-speed parallel lines and insulating cores and a core extrusion die. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of transmission rate and data storage capacity of electronic devices, as well as the construction of high-speed, secure and efficient information networks, higher transmission performance requirements are placed on high-speed parallel lines, requiring parallel line pairs to have smaller size and lower loss.

[0003] At present, traditional parallel line pairs usually use solid insulating media, but solid insulating materials such as PP, PE, and FEP have high dielectric constants and cannot meet the needs of higher bandwidth data transmission. In addition, traditional parallel lines are large in size, low in stability, and high in loss, which cannot meet the transmission requirements of smaller transmission equipment space, smaller wire diameter, and lower loss, and thus cannot increase the transmission speed of the cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical defects, especially the technical defect that the parallel lines in the prior art have a high dielectric constant, large size, low stability and large loss, which cannot meet the transmission requirements of smaller transmission equipment space, smaller wire diameter and lower loss, and thus cannot increase the transmission speed of the cable.

[0005] The present application provides a low-loss high-speed parallel line, the low-loss high-speed parallel line comprising two signal conductors arranged side by side;

[0006] An insulating core is provided on the outside of each signal conductor, and air channels distributed in a lotus shape are provided in the two insulating cores;

[0007] A shielding layer and an outer layer are sequentially arranged outside the two insulating cores from near to far, and two drainage lines are arranged between the shielding layer and the outer layer, or between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer, which are parallel to the insulating cores and symmetrical to each other;

[0008] Two drain lines are respectively conductively connected to the shielding layer to guide the induced current into the ground.

[0009] Optionally, when the two drain wires are arranged between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer, an annular outer insulating layer is arranged outside the two insulating cores between the two drain wires.

[0010] Optionally, the annular outer insulating layer is extruded from a solid insulating material and is fully filled and extruded outside the two insulating cores.

[0011] Optionally, both signal conductors are silver-plated copper wire conductors, and the thickness of the silver layer is not less than 0.35μ.

[0012] Optionally, there is at least one air channel in each insulating core.

[0013] Optionally, the number of air channels in each insulating core is 5 to 8.

[0014] Optionally, both insulating cores are made of insulating dielectric materials having a dielectric constant lower than a first preset threshold and a loss factor lower than a second preset threshold.

[0015] Optionally, both drain wires are tinned copper wires, and the thickness of the tin layer is not less than 0.5μ.

[0016] Optionally, the diameters of the two drain wires are both 0.15-0.20 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the shielding layer is a hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil composed of a metal base layer and a hot-melt adhesive layer;

[0018] Wherein, the metal base layer and the hot melt adhesive layer are bonded together using glue.

[0019] Optionally, the hot melt adhesive metal composite foil is wrapped around the two insulating cores in a longitudinal overlapping manner, or wrapped around the drain wire and the annular outer insulating layer;

[0020] Among them, the overlap rate when longitudinal overlap is adopted shall not be less than 18%.

[0021] Optionally, the outer layer is a self-adhesive polyester tape, preferably a hot-melt PET or hot-melt PI self-adhesive polyester tape;

[0022] The thickness of the self-adhesive polyester tape is 0.01-0.03 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the outer coating layer is wrapped around the shielding layer by a coated glue layer;

[0024] Wherein, the thickness of the glue layer is 2-4 μm.

[0025] The present application also provides an extrusion method for an insulating core, which is used to prepare the insulating core in the low-loss high-speed parallel line described in any one of the above embodiments, and the method comprises:

[0026] Select insulating dielectric material;

[0027] At a processing temperature corresponding to the insulating dielectric material, the insulating dielectric material is extruded from a lotus core extrusion die with uniformly distributed longitudinal pores by tube extrusion, conductor vacuuming and insulation gas injection, and an insulating core with lotus root-shaped distributed air channels is formed after cooling.

[0028] The present application also provides a lotus core extrusion mold, which is used in the extrusion method of the insulating core described in the above embodiment. The center of the lotus core extrusion mold is provided with a conductor hole, the circumference is divided into at least one petal, and a through hole is provided in the middle of at least one petal.

[0029] Optionally, the circumference of the lotus root core extrusion mold is divided into five to eight petals.

[0030] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0031] The present application provides a low-loss high-speed parallel line, an extrusion method for an insulating core, and a lotus core extrusion mold. The low-loss high-speed parallel line includes two signal conductors arranged side by side, and an insulating core is arranged on the outside of each signal conductor. Air channels distributed in a lotus shape are arranged in the two insulating cores. The air channels can make the void ratio of the insulating core of the present application larger, so that the dielectric constant of the entire cable can be reduced from 2.10 of the solid core to 1.35-1.6 of the lotus core, which greatly reduces the insertion loss and is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements; and the present application sequentially arranges a shielding layer and an outer layer outside the two insulating cores from near to far, and arranges two drainage lines that are parallel to the insulating core and symmetrical to each other between the shielding layer and the outer layer, or between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer. The two drain lines are conductively connected to the shielding layer respectively to guide the induced current into the ground, which can not only play the role of grounding and tensile resistance, but also protect the safety of people and equipment, avoid the interference of induced current on the transmission signal, and effectively improve the stability of the parallel line pair. The present application can also shield high-frequency electromagnetic waves through the shielding layer to prevent high-frequency electromagnetic waves from contacting the signal conductor to generate induced current, and can reduce electromagnetic interference to enhance the shielding effect; the outer layer of the present application is coated on the outside of the shielding layer, which can not only prevent the shielding layer from loosening and causing shielding failure, but also stabilize the shielding structure and protect the stability of the core structure; in addition, the overall structural size of the present application is small, and can simultaneously meet the transmission requirements of smaller electronic equipment space, smaller cable diameter and lower loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a low-loss high-speed parallel line provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of another low-loss high-speed parallel line provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure after an annular outer insulating layer is provided outside two insulating cores between two drain wires provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating core provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of an insulating core extrusion method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] At present, traditional parallel line pairs usually use solid insulating media, but solid insulating materials such as PP, PE, and FEP have high dielectric constants and cannot meet the needs of higher bandwidth data transmission. In addition, traditional parallel lines are large in size, low in stability, and high in loss, which cannot meet the transmission requirements of smaller transmission equipment space, smaller wire diameter, and lower loss, and thus cannot increase the transmission speed of the cable.

[0040] Based on this, the present application proposes the following technical solutions, see below for details:

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a low-loss high-speed parallel line provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another low-loss high-speed parallel line provided in an embodiment of the present application; the present application provides a low-loss high-speed parallel line, and the low-loss high-speed parallel line includes two signal conductors 1 arranged side by side.

[0042] An insulating core 2 is disposed on the outer side of each signal conductor 1 , and air passages distributed in a lotus root shape are disposed in the two insulating cores 2 .

[0043] A shielding layer 4 and an outer layer 5 are arranged outside the two insulating cores 2 in order from near to far. Two drainage lines 3 that are parallel to the insulating cores 2 and symmetrical to each other are arranged between the shielding layer 4 and the outer layer 5, or between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4.

[0044] The two drain wires 3 are respectively conductively connected to the shielding layer 4 to guide the induced current into the ground.

[0045] In this embodiment, two signal conductors 1 can be selected as the low-loss high-speed parallel line, and the two signal conductors 1 are arranged side by side. An insulating core 2 is provided on the outside of each signal conductor 1, and a shielding layer 4 and an outer coating 5 are provided outside the two insulating cores 2 in sequence from near to far. In this way, the insulating core 2 and the signal conductor 1 can be protected by the shielding layer 4 and the outer coating 5, and the high-frequency electromagnetic waves can be shielded by the shielding layer 4 to prevent the high-frequency electromagnetic waves from contacting the signal conductor 1 to generate induced current, and electromagnetic interference can be reduced to enhance the shielding effect. The outer coating 5 can also prevent the shielding failure caused by the looseness of the shielding layer 4, and stabilize the shielding structure and the stability of the protection core structure.

[0046] Furthermore, since the shielding layer 4 of the present application can prevent high-frequency electromagnetic waves from contacting the signal conductor 1 to generate induced current, in order to cope with the additional induced current generated under special circumstances, the present application can set two drainage lines 3 that are parallel to and symmetrical to the insulating core 2 between the shielding layer 4 and the outer layer 5, or between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4, and the two drainage lines 3 are conductively connected to the shielding layer 4 respectively. In this way, the induced current generated by the shielding layer 4 can be guided into the ground to play a role in grounding and tensile resistance, and protect the safety of people and equipment, and it can also be used as a guide line to ensure the shielding continuity of the shielding layer 4.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The two drain lines 3 are symmetrically arranged between the shielding layer 4 and the outer layer 5, and are arranged side by side with the two insulating cores 2. In this way, the shielding layer 4 can ensure that the distance between the two insulating cores 2 remains parallel and consistent according to the required operating requirements, thereby avoiding deviation of the insulating cores 2, and thus more effectively stabilizing the parallel structure of the two insulating cores 2, and reducing the extrusion or loosening between each insulating core 2 during bending. The shielding layer 4 can also be used to shield high-frequency electromagnetic waves and reduce electromagnetic interference; and, the present application arranges the drain line 3 side by side with the insulating core 2, so that the drain line 3 can be kept in the same direction as the insulating core 2 and the signal conductor 1, thereby stabilizing the parallel structure of the insulating core 2, and avoiding the low-loss high-speed parallel line of the present application from extending in other directions, thereby effectively reducing the overall size of the low-loss high-speed parallel line, making it more suitable for transmission equipment with smaller space and cables with smaller wire diameters.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2The two drain lines 3 are symmetrically arranged between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4, and the two drain lines 3, the two insulating cores 2 and the two signal conductors 1 are wrapped in the same internal space by the shielding layer 4, so that the induced current that cannot be shielded in the shielding layer 4 can be guided into the ground through the drain lines 3, thereby achieving the effect of secondary shielding, and the drain lines 3 can be used to ensure that the distance between the two insulating cores 2 remains parallel and consistent according to the required operating requirements, avoiding deviation of the insulating core 2, and effectively reducing the overall size of the low-loss high-speed parallel line, so that it is more suitable for transmission equipment with smaller space and cables with smaller wire diameters.

[0049] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the insulating core 2 of the present application is provided with air channels distributed in a lotus-shaped manner. The number of the air channels can be one or more, which can be set according to the actual operation requirements and is not limited here. When the insulating core 2 with air channels distributed in a lotus-shaped manner is used in the present application to replace the traditional solid extruded insulation, the insulation can obtain a larger porosity. For example, by controlling the size of the void aperture, the present application can replace the insulating resin with air in the middle of the insulating medium, thereby making the lotus-shaped insulation have a porosity of 30-50%, and reducing the dielectric constant of the entire cable from the solid core 2.10 to the lotus-shaped core 1.35-1.6, thereby greatly reducing the insertion loss, such as reducing the insertion loss to about 20-30%, while also taking into account the better mechanical strength; therefore, compared with traditional solid core insulating materials such as PP, PE, and FEP, the dielectric constant and insertion loss of the lotus-shaped insulating material of the present application are significantly reduced, so that it is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements.

[0050] In addition, since the two signal conductors 1 of the present application are both signal transmission and conductive units, when selecting the material of the two signal conductors 1, conductor materials with high conductivity, excellent thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance can be selected, thereby improving the data transmission performance of the cable.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the low-loss high-speed parallel line includes two signal conductors 1 arranged side by side, and an insulating core 2 is provided on the outside of each signal conductor 1, and air channels distributed in a lotus shape are provided in the two insulating cores 2. The air channels can make the void ratio of the insulating core 2 of the present application larger, so that the dielectric constant of the entire cable can be reduced from 2.10 of the solid core to 1.35-1.6 of the lotus core, which greatly reduces the insertion loss and is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements; and, the present application is provided with a shielding layer 4 and an outer layer 5 in sequence from near to far outside the two insulating cores 2, and between the shielding layer 4 and the outer layer 5, or between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4, two drainage lines 3 are arranged side by side with the insulating core 2 and symmetrical to each other, and the two drainage lines 3 are respectively connected to The shielding layer 4 is conductively connected to guide the induced current into the ground, which can not only play the role of grounding and tensile resistance, but also protect the safety of people and equipment, avoid the interference of induced current on the transmission signal, and effectively improve the stability of the parallel line pair. The present application can also shield high-frequency electromagnetic waves through the shielding layer 4 to prevent high-frequency electromagnetic waves from contacting the signal conductor 1 to generate induced current, and can reduce electromagnetic interference, thereby enhancing the shielding effect; the outer layer 5 of the present application is coated on the outside of the shielding layer 4, which can not only prevent the shielding layer 4 from loosening and causing shielding failure, but also stabilize the shielding structure and protect the stability of the core structure; in addition, the overall structural size of the present application is small, and can simultaneously meet the transmission requirements of smaller electronic equipment space, smaller cable diameter and lower loss.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure after an annular outer insulating layer 6 is provided on the outside of the two insulating cores 2 between the two drain wires 3 provided in an embodiment of the present application; when the two drain wires 3 are arranged between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4, an annular outer insulating layer 6 is provided on the outside of the two insulating cores 2 between the two drain wires 3.

[0053] In the present embodiment, when the two drain lines 3 are arranged between the two insulating cores 2 and the shielding layer 4, the present application can also arrange an annular outer insulating layer 6 on the outside of the two insulating cores 2, and arrange the two drain lines 3 between the annular outer insulating layer 6 and the shielding layer 4. This can ensure that the distance between the two insulating cores 2 is parallel and consistent according to the required operating requirements, avoid deviation of the insulating cores 2, and thus more effectively stabilize the parallel structure of the two insulating cores 2, and can reduce the extrusion or looseness between each insulating core 2 during bending, thereby enhancing the anti-extrusion ability of the parallel line pairs, and improving the mechanical strength of the parallel line pairs, thereby obtaining a stable core structure and ideal characteristic impedance, and effectively reducing the signal loss of the wire.

[0054] In one embodiment, the annular outer insulating layer 6 is formed by extrusion of a solid insulating material and is fully extruded outside the two insulating cores 2 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the annular outer insulating layer 6 can be composed of extruded solid insulating material and fully filled and extruded outside the two insulating cores 2. In this way, the two insulating cores 2 can be better wrapped in the internal space surrounded by the annular outer insulating layer 6, thereby stabilizing the parallel structure of the two insulating cores 2. The annular outer insulating layer 6 of a certain thickness can also be used to enhance the anti-extrusion ability of the parallel line pairs, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the parallel line pairs, which is more suitable for current data transmission needs.

[0056] In one embodiment, the two signal conductors 1 are both silver-plated copper wire conductors, and the thickness of the silver layer is not less than 0.35 μm.

[0057] In this embodiment, when selecting the signal conductor 1, a silver-plated copper wire conductor with high conductivity, excellent thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance can be selected, and the thickness of the silver layer is set to be no less than 0.35μ. This can not only improve the overall conductivity and thermal conductivity of the parallel line pair, but also improve its mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, thereby effectively improving the service life of the low-loss high-speed parallel line of this application.

[0058] Furthermore, the present application can also set the thickness of the silver layer to be no less than 1μ, which can also improve the overall electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the parallel line pair, and improve its mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.

[0059] In one embodiment, there is at least one air channel in each insulating core 2 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the number of air channels in each insulating core 2 is set to at least one, which can not only improve the insulation porosity to a certain extent, but also reduce the dielectric constant of the entire cable and the insertion loss at the same time, thereby being more suitable for current data transmission needs.

[0061] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating core 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application; the number of air channels in each insulating core 2 is 5 to 8.

[0062] In this embodiment, the number and size of the air channels in the insulating core 2 affect the porosity, equivalent dielectric constant and dielectric factor of the final insulating layer, and also affect the insertion loss and mechanical strength of the cable. Therefore, the present application preferably uses an insulating core 2 with 5 to 8 longitudinal air channels as the insulating layer, so that the cable can obtain a larger porosity, such as 30-50%, and reduce the cable loss by 20-30%, and reduce the dielectric constant of the entire cable from 2.10 of the solid core to 1.35 to 1.6 of the lotus core, while taking into account the better mechanical strength.

[0063] In one embodiment, both insulating cores 2 are made of insulating dielectric materials having a dielectric constant lower than a first preset threshold and a loss factor lower than a second preset threshold.

[0064] In this embodiment, since different insulating dielectric materials have different dielectric constants and loss factors, the present application can pre-set a first preset threshold value related to the dielectric constant of the insulating dielectric material and a second preset threshold value related to the loss factor of the insulating dielectric material, and screen the insulating dielectric material with a dielectric constant lower than the first preset threshold value and a loss factor lower than the second preset threshold value as the material used for the insulating core 2 of the present application, which can reduce both the dielectric constant and the loss factor of the cable.

[0065] Among them, the insulating dielectric material of the present application can be an insulating dielectric material with low dielectric constant and loss factor such as polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE). Preferably, the present application can use polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP) as the lotus-shaped insulating core 2, and by controlling the size of the void aperture, the air is used to replace the insulating resin in the middle of the insulating medium, so that the lotus-shaped insulation has a void ratio of 30-50%, and the dielectric constant of the entire cable is reduced from 2.10 of the solid core to 1.35-1.6 of the lotus core, which greatly reduces the insertion loss and is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements.

[0066] In one embodiment, the two drain wires 3 are both tinned copper wires, and the thickness of the tin layer is not less than 0.5 μm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the drain line 3 can be made of tinned copper wire. Preferably, when the present application uses tinned copper wire, the thickness of the tin layer is not less than 0.5μ. In this way, when it is used as a guide wire, it can not only ensure the shielding continuity of the shielding layer 4, but also guide the induced current into the ground, thereby playing a role in grounding and tensile resistance, thereby protecting the safety of people and equipment.

[0068] In one embodiment, the diameters of the two drain wires 3 are both 0.15-0.20 mm.

[0069] In this embodiment, the diameter of the drain wire 3 can be set to 0.15-0.20 mm, which can be set according to the actual work requirements and the material of the drain wire 3, and is not limited here. When the present application uses the drain wire 3 with a diameter of 0.15-0.20 mm as the guide wire, it can not only ensure the shielding continuity of the shielding layer 4, but also play the role of grounding and tensile resistance, and can further reduce the overall size of the low-loss high-speed parallel line, so as to be suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements.

[0070] In one embodiment, the shielding layer 4 is a hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil composed of a metal base layer and a hot-melt adhesive layer.

[0071] Wherein, the metal base layer and the hot melt adhesive layer are bonded together using glue.

[0072] In this embodiment, the shielding layer 4 can be made of PET aluminum foil, PI copper foil, PET copper foil or other hot melt adhesive metal composite foil. The hot melt adhesive metal composite foil is composed of a metal base layer and a hot melt adhesive layer. The metal base layer and the hot melt adhesive layer are bonded with glue to form a tight and firm composite foil.

[0073] Among them, the metal base layer of the present application can be aluminum-based, copper-based, etc., which can be selected according to actual conditions and is not limited here. The hot melt adhesive layer of the present application can be PET, PI, PP, etc., which can be selected according to actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0074] In one embodiment, the hot melt adhesive metal composite foil is wrapped around the two insulating cores 2 in a longitudinal overlapping manner, or wrapped around the drain wire 3 and the annular outer insulating layer 6 .

[0075] Among them, the overlap rate when longitudinal overlap is adopted shall not be less than 18%.

[0076] In this embodiment, when the shielding layer 4 of the present application is made of hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil, the hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil can be wrapped around the two insulating cores 2 in a longitudinal overlapping manner, or wrapped around the drain wire 3 and the annular outer insulating layer 6 .

[0077] Preferably, the hot melt adhesive metal composite foil of the present application adopts a longitudinal overlapping coating method with an overlapping rate of not less than 18%. After the hot melt adhesive metal composite foil is longitudinally overlapped, it is melted after being baked online at high temperature, and its hot melt adhesive layer is bonded and coated on the drain wire 3 and the annular outer insulating layer 6 or the two insulating cores 2, which can not only shield high-frequency electromagnetic waves, prevent high-frequency electromagnetic waves from contacting the signal conductor 1 and generating induced current, but also reduce electromagnetic interference and enhance the shielding effect.

[0078] In addition, when high-frequency electromagnetic waves come into contact with the aluminum foil, the electromagnetic waves will tend to attach to the surface of the aluminum foil and generate induced current. Therefore, the present application can contact the metal base surface of the hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil with the drain line 3, so that the induced current can be introduced into the ground through the drain line 3, thereby avoiding the induced current from interfering with the transmission signal.

[0079] In one embodiment, the outer layer 5 is a self-adhesive polyester tape, preferably a hot-melt PET or hot-melt PI self-adhesive polyester tape.

[0080] The thickness of the self-adhesive polyester tape is 0.01-0.03 mm.

[0081] In this embodiment, the outer layer 5 can be made of hot-melt PET or hot-melt PI self-adhesive polyester tape, and the thickness of the self-adhesive polyester tape can be set to 0.01-0.03 mm. This can not only prevent the shielding layer 4 from loosening and causing shielding failure, but also stabilize the shielding structure and the protection wire core structure, and reduce the overall size of the low-loss high-speed parallel line.

[0082] In one embodiment, the outer coating layer 5 is wrapped around the shielding layer 4 by means of a coated glue layer.

[0083] Wherein, the thickness of the glue layer is 2-4 μm.

[0084] In this embodiment, the outer layer 5 can be wrapped around the shielding layer 4, which can not only prevent the shielding layer 4 from loosening and causing shielding failure, but also stabilize the shielding structure and the protection core structure. In addition, when the outer layer 5 is wrapped around the shielding layer 4, a glue layer can be coated on the inner surface of the outer layer 5. The thickness of the glue layer can be set to 2 to 4 μm. After being melted by online high-temperature baking, the PET or PI layer is bonded to the shielding layer 4, which can enhance the shielding effect and stabilize the parallel line structure.

[0085] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of an extrusion method of an insulating core 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application; the present application also provides an extrusion method of an insulating core 2, which is used to prepare the insulating core 2 in any one of the low-loss high-speed parallel lines in the above embodiments, and the method may include:

[0086] S110: Select insulating dielectric material.

[0087] S120: At a processing temperature corresponding to the insulating dielectric material, the insulating dielectric material is extruded from a lotus core extrusion die with uniformly distributed longitudinal pores by means of tube extrusion, conductor vacuuming and insulating gas injection, and an insulating core 2 with lotus-shaped distributed air channels is formed after cooling.

[0088] In this embodiment, when preparing the insulating core 2 having the air passages distributed in a lotus-like shape, an extrusion process can be used to generate the lotus-like insulating core 2. Among them, when the insulating core 2 adopts different insulating dielectric materials, the corresponding extrusion processes are also different, such as the temperature settings of different temperature zones during extrusion, the production speed, extrusion pressure, cooling water tank length and temperature, etc. are all different. For example, the insulating extrusion temperature zone of PE is 120-190°C, the insulating extrusion temperature zone of PP is 140-200°C, and the insulating extrusion temperature zone of FEP is 310-380°C. Different insulating dielectric materials can set the processing temperature, production speed, etc. according to their own processing characteristics, and make certain adjustments to the stretching ratio and size of the mold. The specific settings can be made according to the actual situation and are not limited here.

[0089] Furthermore, after selecting a suitable insulating dielectric material, the present application can determine the processing temperature corresponding to the insulating dielectric material, and at the processing temperature, adopt tube extrusion, conductor vacuuming and insulating gas injection to extrude the insulating dielectric material from a lotus core extrusion mold with uniformly distributed longitudinal pores, and after cooling, form an insulating core 2 with lotus-shaped distributed air channels.

[0090] Specifically, the present application can use PE, FEP, PP and other insulating dielectric materials with low dielectric constant and low loss factor as insulating extrusion materials for extrusion. The insulating extrusion mold (mainly the mold core) adopts a special design, and there is a conductor hole in the center of the mold core, so that during extrusion, the rubber can be squeezed out from the gap between the mold sleeve and the mold core and between the gaps between each petal of the mold core. At the same time, the present application can also use a specially designed air supply system to inflate the through hole in the middle of each petal of the mold core with positive pressure into the insulating lotus root hole, and evacuate the center hole of the mold core conductor to generate negative pressure to enhance the adhesion between the conductor and the insulation. After the insulating dielectric material is formed and cooled, a lotus root-shaped insulating core 2 with at least one longitudinal air channel can be formed.

[0091] When the present application uses an insulating core 2 with air channels distributed in a lotus-shaped shape to replace traditional solid extruded insulation, the cable can obtain a larger porosity. For example, by controlling the size of the void aperture, the present application can use air to replace the insulating resin in the middle void part of the insulating medium, so that the lotus-shaped insulation has a porosity of 30-50%, and the dielectric constant of the entire cable is reduced from 2.10 of the solid core to 1.35-1.6 of the lotus-shaped core, thereby greatly reducing the insertion loss, such as reducing the insertion loss to about 20-30%, while also taking into account better mechanical strength; therefore, compared with traditional solid core insulating materials such as PP, PE, FEP, etc., the dielectric constant and insertion loss of the lotus-shaped insulating material of the present application are significantly reduced, so that it is suitable for higher bandwidth data transmission requirements.

[0092] In one embodiment, the present application also provides a lotus core extrusion mold, which is used in the extrusion method of the insulating core 2 described in the above embodiment. A conductor hole is provided in the center of the lotus core extrusion mold, and the circumference is divided into at least one petal, and a through hole is provided in the middle of at least one petal.

[0093] In the present embodiment, when preparing the lotus-shaped insulating core 2, a lotus-shaped core extrusion mold can be used. The center of the lotus-shaped core extrusion mold is provided with a conductor hole, the circumference is divided into at least one petal, and a through hole is provided in the middle of at least one petal, so that during extrusion, the rubber material can be squeezed out from the gap between the mold sleeve and the mold core and between the gaps between each petal of the mold core. At the same time, the present application can also use a specially designed air supply system to inflate the through hole in the middle of each petal of the mold core with positive pressure into the insulating lotus-shaped hole, and evacuate air in the center hole of the mold core conductor to generate negative pressure to enhance the adhesion between the conductor and the insulation. After the insulating medium material is formed and cooled, a lotus-shaped insulating core 2 with at least one longitudinal air channel can be formed.

[0094] In one embodiment, the circumference of the lotus root core extrusion mold is divided into five to eight petals.

[0095] In this embodiment, the number and size of the air channels in the insulating core 2 affect the porosity, equivalent dielectric constant and dielectric factor of the final insulating layer, and also affect the loss and mechanical strength of the cable, and the number of air channels depends on the number of petals of the circumference of the lotus core extrusion mold. Therefore, the present application can divide the circumference of the lotus core extrusion mold into five to eight petals, so as to prepare an insulating core 2 with 5 to 8 air channels, and apply the insulating core 2 to parallel line pairs, so as to obtain a larger porosity and significantly reduce the cable loss, while taking into account the better mechanical strength.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0097] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can refer to each other.

[0098] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A low-loss high-speed parallel line, characterized in that: The low-loss high-speed parallel line includes two signal conductors arranged side by side; An insulating core is provided on the outside of each signal conductor, and air channels distributed in a lotus shape are provided in the two insulating cores; A shielding layer and an outer layer are sequentially arranged outside the two insulating cores from near to far, and two drainage lines are arranged between the shielding layer and the outer layer, or between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer, which are parallel to the insulating cores and symmetrical to each other; Two drain lines are respectively conductively connected to the shielding layer to guide the induced current into the ground.

2. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the two drain wires are arranged between the two insulating cores and the shielding layer, an annular outer insulating layer is arranged outside the two insulating cores between the two drain wires.

3. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular outer insulating layer is formed by extrusion of solid insulating material and is fully filled and extruded outside the two insulating cores.

4. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both signal conductors are silver-plated copper wire conductors, and the thickness of the silver layer is not less than 0.35μ.

5. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There is at least one air channel in each insulating core.

6. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are 5 to 8 air channels in each insulating core.

7. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The two insulating cores are both made of insulating dielectric materials with a dielectric constant lower than a first preset threshold and a loss factor lower than a second preset threshold.

8. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both drain wires are tinned copper wires, and the thickness of the tin layer is not less than 0.5μ.

9. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameters of the two drain lines are both 0.15 to 0.20 mm.

10. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shielding layer is a hot-melt adhesive metal composite foil composed of a metal base layer and a hot-melt adhesive layer; Wherein, the metal base layer and the hot melt adhesive layer are bonded together using glue.

11. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hot melt adhesive metal composite foil is wrapped around the two insulating cores in a longitudinal overlapping manner, or wrapped around the drain wire and the annular outer insulating layer; Among them, the overlap rate when longitudinal overlap is adopted shall not be less than 18%.

12. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer layer is a self-adhesive polyester tape, preferably a hot-melt PET or hot-melt PI self-adhesive polyester tape; The thickness of the self-adhesive polyester tape is 0.01-0.03 mm.

13. The low-loss high-speed parallel line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer layer is wrapped around the shielding layer by a coated glue layer; Wherein, the thickness of the glue layer is 2-4 μm.

14. An extrusion method for an insulating core, used for preparing the insulating core of a low-loss high-speed parallel line according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The method comprises: Select insulating dielectric material; At a processing temperature corresponding to the insulating dielectric material, the insulating dielectric material is extruded from a lotus core extrusion die with uniformly distributed longitudinal pores by means of tube extrusion, conductor vacuuming and insulating gas injection, and an insulating core with lotus-shaped distributed air channels is formed after cooling.

15. A lotus core extrusion die, used in the insulation core extrusion method according to claim 14, characterized in that: A conductor hole is arranged at the center of the lotus root core extrusion mold, and the circumference is divided into at least one lobe, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of at least one lobe.

16. The lotus root core extrusion die according to claim 15, characterized in that: The circumference of the lotus root core extrusion mold is divided into five to eight petals.

Images