Load adjustment and unit optimization method for cascade power stations sharing sending-out channel

Abstract

The invention provides a cascade power station load adjustment and unit optimization method sharing a sending-out channel, and relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation control. The method comprises the steps that a reservoir area water level and reservoir capacity database and a water turbine operation characteristic database are established, and electric quantity data and water regimen data of an operation unit are collected; and based on the unit water consumption rate of each drainage basin cascade power station, calculating the load value of operation adjustment of each power station, and based on the water turbine operation characteristic curve, calculating the optimal unit combination mode. By optimizing the load adjustment and operation mode of the cascade power station, the operation efficiency of the whole cascade dispatching system is improved, the maximum utilization of hydroelectric resources is ensured, and the technical effects of reducing energy consumption and improving power generation benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydropower generation control, and more particularly to a method for load adjustment and unit optimization of cascade power stations with a common delivery channel. Background Art

[0002] Some cascade hydropower stations are located far away from the load center and need to consider the coordination relationship between upstream and downstream. The adjustable storage capacity of a single power plant is small and the installed capacity is limited. The cost of establishing a separate transmission channel is high. Therefore, multiple cascade power stations with strong correlation can build inter-plant connecting lines and use the same transmission channel for load transmission. This can not only save line construction costs, but also give full play to the joint regulation and control between cascade power stations. Against the background of vigorous development of new energy, it has positive significance for the construction of an integrated clean energy base in the area.

[0003] In the Southern Power Grid area, hydropower plants that are directly dispatched by the Southern Power Grid implement a planned power generation mode, that is, when the boundary conditions are met, the power generation plan for the day is executed according to the dispatch curve. The dispatch will issue the 96-point load plan value for the planned day at around 20:30 the day before the plan is executed, and fit the load plan for the load day according to the plan value. In the absence of special requirements, the power generation side will automatically perform start-up and shutdown operations according to the dispatch plan curve. However, due to changes in system load or uncertainty in the output of new energy in the area, in order to ensure the stability of the power system, in the actual implementation of the power generation plan, it is often necessary to adjust a certain amount of load within a certain period of time, and whether the adjustment is qualified needs to be determined in a timely manner. This is particularly evident in the non-flood season. So there are the following problems:

[0004] 1. Operators need to immediately confirm the load margin and duration allowed for adjustment of each cascade power station in the same transmission channel, as well as whether the water level restrictions between upstream and downstream power plants meet the requirements.

[0005] 2. After the load adjustment is completed, under what operating mode can the unit achieve the optimal turbine efficiency and fully utilize the water energy. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0007] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose a method for load adjustment and unit optimization of cascade power stations with a common delivery channel. By establishing a reservoir water level and capacity database and a turbine operation characteristic database, and collecting power data and water conditions data of the operating units, the load value of each power station operation adjustment is calculated based on the water consumption rate of each power station unit in the cascade basin, and the optimal unit combination is calculated based on the turbine operation characteristic curve.

[0008] The second objective of the present application is to provide an electronic device.

[0009] The third object of the present application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0010] A fourth object of the present application is to provide a computer program product.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a load adjustment and unit optimization method for a cascade power station with a shared delivery channel, comprising:

[0012] Establish a reservoir water level and storage capacity database and a turbine operation characteristics database for each power plant. Based on the load adjustable range of the turbine generator units at each plant, the reservoir water level control requirements and storage capacity requirements, the load constraints that the computer unit can operate within a certain period of time, determine the optimal unit combination;

[0013] Calculating the water consumption rate of the cascade power station according to the load and flow relationship of the hydro-generator set in the optimal unit combination;

[0014] Considering the water volume matching between upstream and downstream, according to the load distribution principle under the condition of equal water volume, the active load adjustment of the cascade power station is calculated based on the maximum water consumption rate;

[0015] Based on the active load adjustment amount, determine whether the adjusted active load of the whole plant is within the operable range, and verify whether the reservoir capacity meets the water level control requirements;

[0016] Under the condition that the load adjustment and water level control requirements are met, the unit load is adjusted according to the active load adjustment amount of each plant and station;

[0017] Calculate the operating efficiency of the turbine under the adjusted operating conditions and determine whether the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping, and determine the operating mode and optimal operating condition combination of the turbine generator set under different load conditions.

[0018] Optionally, the method of determining the optimal unit combination based on the load adjustable range of the hydro-generator units of each plant and station, the water level control requirements of the reservoir and the storage capacity requirements, and the load constraints of the computer units that can be operated within a certain period of time includes:

[0019] Based on the adjustable load range of each plant and station hydro-generator set [P iz , P imax ]、Reservoir water level control requirements [H llim , H hlim ] and the corresponding storage capacity requirements [K is , K it ]Construct reservoir water level-storage capacity curve;

[0020] Based on the reservoir water level-storage capacity curve, a total constraint condition for the operating load of the unit within a certain period of time is formed;

[0021] According to the load conditions of the units after adjustment, combined with the operating efficiency curves of the turbines under different water levels and load conditions, the optimal unit combination is calculated under the above-mentioned total constraint conditions.

[0022] Optionally, the calculating the water consumption rate of the cascade power station according to the load and flow relationship of the hydro-generator set in the optimal unit combination includes:

[0023] The water consumption rate of the cascade power station is calculated based on the water consumption rate of the unit in the first 24 hours of operation, the water consumption rate of the unit in the first hour, and the rated water consumption rate of the unit. The water consumption rate of the i-th plant in the cascade power station is W i for:

[0024] W i =(W i1h +W i1d +W ie ) / 3

[0025]

[0026] Where W i1h Refers to the water consumption rate of the plant in the current hour, L i1h Refers to the current one-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1h Refers to the current accumulated power of the plant in the past hour, W i1d Refers to the current 24-hour water consumption rate of the plant, L i1d Refers to the current 24-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1d Refers to the current 24-hour accumulated power of the plant, W ie Refers to the rated water consumption rate of the hydro-generator sets in operation at the plant.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation of the active load adjustment amount of the cascade power station based on the maximum water consumption rate includes:

[0028] Calculate the maximum water consumption rate W in the cascade power station involved in load adjustment max :

[0029] W max =max(W1,W2......W n )

[0030] In the formula, n is the number of cascade power plants involved in the calculation;

[0031] With the maximum water consumption rate W maxAs the benchmark value, calculate the matching relationship between the remaining plants and this plant. Under the condition of the same water volume change, calculate the active load adjustment VP borne by each plant based on the inverse relationship between the load adjustment of each plant and the water consumption rate. i :

[0032]

[0033] Where VP is the total active load adjustment.

[0034] Optionally, judging whether the adjusted active load of the whole plant is within an operable range based on the active load adjustment amount, and verifying whether the reservoir capacity meets the water level control requirement, includes:

[0035] If the active load adjustment VP i To increase, the adjusted active load of the whole plant and the current reservoir capacity need to meet the following requirements:

[0036] (P ic +VP i )≤P imax

[0037]

[0038] Where P ic is the current active load of the i-th plant, P imax is the current maximum allowable active load of the plant, V i出 is the current outbound flow, V i入 is the current inflow flow, VV i-1入 is the flow change value of the power station above the i-th power station, θ i-1 is the highest power station mark participating in load adjustment. i-1 is θ o When the value is 0, it is 1 for other values. t is the time required for load adjustment. K ic is the reservoir capacity corresponding to the current water level, K is The storage capacity corresponding to the lowest operating water level of the power station;

[0039] If the active load adjustment VP i In order to reduce, the adjusted active load of the whole plant needs to meet the following requirements:

[0040] (P ic -VP i )≥P iz

[0041]

[0042] Where P iz is the current minimum allowable active load of the plant, K itThe reservoir capacity corresponds to the highest operating water level of the power station.

[0043] Optionally, if the adjusted active load of a plant i is not within the operable range or the reservoir capacity does not meet the water level control requirements, it also includes:

[0044] Recalculate the active load adjustment of the plant according to the following formula:

[0045] If the load change of the plant is an increase, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is:

[0046]

[0047] If the load change of the plant is a decrease, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is:

[0048]

[0049] If it is necessary to recalculate the active load adjustment of other plants and stations, the active load adjustment of the plant and station shall be eliminated from the total active load adjustment, and the active load adjustment of other plants and stations shall be recalculated.

[0050] Optionally, the operation efficiency of the turbine under the adjusted working condition is calculated and whether the turbine generator set has the conditions for starting and stopping, and the operation mode and the optimal working condition combination of the turbine generator set under different load conditions are determined, including:

[0051] According to the total active load adjustment of each plant and station and the standby status of the unit, calculate whether the unit start-up and shutdown conditions are met under the load condition. The judgment expression is:

[0052]

[0053] Where, VP i实 is the total amount of active load adjustment that each plant can bear, j is the number of units currently in operation, and λ is the number of units that can be started and stopped at the plant;

[0054] If the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping, the turbine operating efficiency value η of the turbine generator unit under different load conditions of the plant is calculated according to the turbine operating characteristic curve database;

[0055] The operating condition combination with the maximum turbine operating efficiency value is taken as the optimal operating condition combination of the hydro-generator set.

[0056] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0057] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0058] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0059] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-readable storage medium is stored computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0060] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which implements any method in the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0061] By means of the load adjustment and unit optimization method for cascade power stations with a shared delivery channel proposed in the present application, the operating efficiency of the overall cascade dispatching system is improved, the maximum utilization of hydropower resources is ensured, the technical effect of reducing energy consumption and improving power generation efficiency is achieved, the optimal load distribution in the cascade operation of multiple power stations is realized, and the efficient operation of each power station under different load conditions is ensured. In more detail: by establishing a reservoir water level and storage capacity database and a turbine operation characteristic database, the problem of decreased power generation efficiency due to unreasonable water distribution between upstream and downstream power stations is avoided, and the power station is ensured to maintain an efficient water consumption rate under different operating conditions; based on the calculation of the turbine operation efficiency after load adjustment and the judgment of the unit start-stop conditions, the operating reliability of the hydro-turbine generator set is improved, ensuring that each power station can operate efficiently under optimal conditions, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing unnecessary waste of resources.

[0062] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0064] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for load adjustment and unit optimization of a cascade power station with a shared delivery channel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a reservoir water level-storage capacity curve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operating efficiency of the turbine provided in the embodiment of the present application under different water levels and load conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0068] Some cascade hydropower stations are located far away from the load center and need to consider the coordination relationship between upstream and downstream. The adjustable storage capacity of a single power plant is small and the installed capacity is limited. The cost of establishing a separate transmission channel is high. Therefore, multiple cascade power stations with strong correlation can build inter-plant connecting lines and use the same transmission channel for load transmission. This can not only save line construction costs, but also give full play to the joint regulation and control between cascade power stations. Against the background of vigorous development of new energy, it has positive significance for the construction of an integrated clean energy base in the area.

[0069] In the Southern Power Grid area, hydropower plants that are directly dispatched by the Southern Power Grid implement a planned power generation mode, that is, when the boundary conditions are met, the power generation plan for the day is executed according to the dispatch curve. The dispatch will issue the 96-point load plan value for the planned day at around 20:30 the day before the plan is executed, and fit the load plan for the load day according to the plan value. In the absence of special requirements, the power generation side will automatically perform start-up and shutdown operations according to the dispatch plan curve. However, due to changes in system load or uncertainty in the output of new energy in the area, in order to ensure the stability of the power system, in the actual implementation of the power generation plan, it is often necessary to adjust a certain amount of load within a certain period of time, and whether the adjustment is qualified needs to be determined in a timely manner. This is particularly evident in the non-flood season. So there are the following problems:

[0070] 1. Operators need to immediately confirm the load margin and duration allowed for adjustment of each cascade power station in the same transmission channel, as well as whether the water level restrictions between upstream and downstream power plants meet the requirements.

[0071] 2. After the load adjustment is completed, under what operating mode can the unit achieve the optimal turbine efficiency and fully utilize the water energy.

[0072] To address this problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for load adjustment and unit optimization of a cascade power station with a shared delivery channel.

[0073] Unless otherwise specified, the parameter units used in this application are: Water consumption rate unit is m 3 / kwh; active load unit is MW; reservoir water level unit is m; reservoir capacity unit is m 3 ; Flow rate unit is m 3 / s; the time unit is s.

[0074] Figure 1The following is a flow chart of a method for load adjustment and unit optimization of a cascade power station with a shared delivery channel provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0075] Step 101, establish a reservoir water level and storage capacity database and a turbine operation characteristic database for each power plant, and determine the optimal unit combination based on the load adjustable range of the turbine generator sets of each plant, the reservoir water level control requirements and storage capacity requirements, and the load constraints that the computer group can operate within a certain period of time.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, by collecting and collating the historical data of the reservoir water level and storage capacity of each power plant, establishing the corresponding relationship between the reservoir water level and storage capacity, and archiving the operation data of the reservoir, a water level-storage capacity curve database covering different seasons and different flow conditions is formed to ensure the accurate management of the water storage capacity of the reservoir under different water level conditions, and for the turbine units of each power plant, record their operating characteristic parameters under different load conditions, especially the efficiency curve and water consumption rate changes of the turbine. The database contains data such as the load range of the generator set, the optimal operating load point, and the operating efficiency under different heads, to ensure that the unit can maintain efficient operation under different load conditions.

[0077] As a possible implementation method, based on the adjustable load range of each plant and station hydro-generator set [Pi z ,Pi max ]、Reservoir water level control requirements [H llim , H hlim ] and the corresponding storage capacity requirements [Ki s , Ki t ]Construct the reservoir water level-storage capacity curve. For the schematic diagram of the reservoir water level-storage capacity curve, see Figure 2 , which constitutes the total constraint condition for the operating load of the unit within a certain period of time.

[0078] For further reference, Figure 3 , according to the load conditions after unit adjustment and the operating efficiency curves of turbines under different water levels and load conditions, the optimal unit combination can be calculated under the total constraints.

[0079] Step 102, calculating the water consumption rate of the cascade power station according to the relationship between the load and flow of the hydro-generator sets in the optimal unit combination.

[0080] In order to avoid the water consumption rate deviation caused by different load conditions as much as possible, the embodiment of the present application introduces the water consumption rate of the unit in the first 24 hours of operation, the water consumption rate of the unit in the first hour, and the rated water consumption rate of the unit, and takes the average of the three as the water consumption rate of the cascade power station, that is, the water consumption rate Wi of the i-th plant in the cascade power station is:

[0081] Wi =(W i1h +W i1d +W ie ) / 3

[0082]

[0083] Where W i1h Refers to the water consumption rate of the plant in the current hour, L i1h Refers to the current one-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1h Refers to the current accumulated power of the plant in the past hour, W i1d Refers to the current 24-hour water consumption rate of the plant, L i1d Refers to the current 24-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1d Refers to the current 24-hour accumulated power of the plant, W ie Refers to the rated water consumption rate of the hydro-generator sets in operation at the plant.

[0084] Step 103 , considering the water volume matching between upstream and downstream, according to the load distribution principle under the condition of equal water volume, and taking the maximum water consumption rate as the benchmark, the active load adjustment of the cascade power station is calculated.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, for the cascade power stations in the same delivery channel, when assuming the total active load adjustment VP, the water volume matching between upstream and downstream is first considered. In this case, except for the top-level power station involved in the adjustment, the remaining power stations can still meet the reservoir water level change trend and keep it consistent with that before the adjustment, and can implement the cascade optimization scheduling requirements to the greatest extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the active load adjustment borne by each plant and station based on the principle that the load distribution between cascade power stations is inversely proportional to their water consumption rate when the water volume is equal. Specifically including:

[0086] First, calculate the maximum water consumption rate W in the cascade power station involved in load adjustment max :

[0087] W max =max(W1,W2......W n )

[0088] Where n is the number of cascade power plants involved in the calculation.

[0089] Then, with the maximum water consumption rate W max As the benchmark value, calculate the matching relationship between the remaining plants and this plant. Under the condition of the same water volume change, calculate the active load adjustment VP borne by each plant based on the inverse relationship between the load adjustment of each plant and the water consumption rate. i :

[0090]

[0091] Where VP is the total active load adjustment.

[0092] Step 104, based on the active load adjustment amount, determine whether the adjusted active load of the entire plant is within the operable range, and verify whether the reservoir capacity meets the water level control requirements.

[0093] If the active load adjustment VP i To increase, the adjusted active load of the whole plant and the current reservoir capacity need to meet the following requirements:

[0094] (P ic +VP i )≤P imax

[0095]

[0096] Where P ic is the current active load of the i-th plant, P imax is the current maximum allowable active load of the plant, V i出 is the current outbound flow, V i入 is the current inflow flow, VV i-1入 is the flow change value of the power station above the i-th power station, θ i-1 is the highest power station mark participating in load adjustment. i-1 is θ o When the value is 0, it is 1 for other values. t is the time required for load adjustment. K ic is the reservoir capacity corresponding to the current water level, K is The storage capacity corresponding to the lowest operating water level of the power station;

[0097] If the active load adjustment VP i In order to reduce, the adjusted active load of the whole plant needs to meet the following requirements:

[0098] (P ic -VP i )≥P iz

[0099]

[0100] Where P iz is the current minimum allowable active load of the plant, K it The reservoir capacity corresponds to the highest operating water level of the power station.

[0101] Step 105, adjusting the unit load according to the active load adjustment amount of each plant station while meeting the load adjustment and water level control requirements.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, after the calculation in step 104, if the unit is in the operable range and the water level is controllable, the active load adjustment amount is adjusted.

[0103] It should be noted that if the active load adjustment or water level control of a plant does not meet the requirements, that is, if the active load of the whole plant after adjustment of a plant station i is not in the operable range or the reservoir capacity does not meet the water level control requirements, the active load adjustment is determined according to the following method:

[0104] If the load change of the plant is an increase, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is:

[0105]

[0106] If the load change of the plant is a decrease, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is:

[0107]

[0108] In an embodiment of the present application, after performing the above calculations on the plant, if it is necessary to recalculate the active load adjustment of other plants, the active load adjustment of the plant is eliminated from the total active load adjustment, and the active load adjustment of other plants is recalculated and checked according to steps 103-104.

[0109] Then, calculate the total active load adjustment VP that each plant can bear based on this i实 for:

[0110]

[0111] According to the above calculation results, the total active load adjustment VP that each plant can bear is i实 It may be smaller than the actual scheduling requirement VP.

[0112] Step 106, calculate the operating efficiency of the turbine under the adjusted working condition and determine whether the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping, and determine the operating mode and optimal working condition combination of the hydro-generator unit under different load conditions.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, after determining the active load adjustment amount of each plant and calculating the actual load value, the current load P and the operating efficiency η under the water head of the plant's turbine generator set are judged according to the operating characteristics of the turbines in each plant, and it is judged whether the units of the plant station have the conditions for starting and stopping. By calculating the operating efficiency of the turbines under different numbers of units, the optimal unit operation mode is selected to ensure that the turbine generator sets of each plant station operate in the optimal working conditions and improve equipment reliability.

[0114] Specifically, firstly, according to the total active load adjustment of each plant and station and the standby status of the unit, calculate whether the unit start-up and shutdown conditions are met under the load condition, and the judgment expression is:

[0115]

[0116] Where, VP i实 is the total amount of active load adjustment that each plant can bear, j is the number of units currently in operation, and λ is the number of units that can be started and stopped at the plant.

[0117] Then, if the unit meets the start-up and shutdown conditions, the turbine operating efficiency value η of the plant's hydro-turbine generator unit under different load conditions is calculated based on the turbine operating characteristic curve database, and the operating condition combination with the largest turbine operating efficiency value is used as the optimal operating condition combination of the hydro-turbine generator unit, as well as the basis for the combination of operating modes of the hydro-turbine generator unit under different conditions.

[0118] The following embodiment takes the cascade power plants HD, DHQ and MIAOW in the upper reaches of the Lancang River Basin as an example to perform load adjustment.

[0119] Embodiment 1

[0120] Assume that the operation mode and water condition data at a certain moment are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively.

[0121] Table 1

[0122]

[0123] Table 2

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] If the system needs to temporarily increase the load by 900MW for a total of 8 hours, according to the method proposed in this application, since the storage capacity of the HD power plant is larger than that of the other two plants and it is located upstream of the other two plants, it can be used as a storage facility among the three plants.

[0127] In this embodiment, the water consumption rates of HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plants are calculated respectively:

[0128] The water consumption rate of HD power plant is W1=3.16, the water consumption rate of DHQ power plant is W2=6.16, the water consumption rate of MIAOW power plant is W3=4.5, and W max =max(W1, W2, W3)=6.16.

[0129] Then, calculate the active load adjustment that the HD, DHQ, and MIAOW power plants need to bear respectively:

[0130]

[0131] After the load adjustment of each power plant, the total active load values ​​of HD, DHQ, and MIAOW are P 1c =1408,P2c =928,P 3c =1266.

[0132] Then a judgment is made and it is calculated whether the adjusted plant load is within the operable range.

[0133] Under this condition, after adding the load adjustment, the DHQ power plant exceeds the maximum allowable active load value of 900 for the whole plant. It is determined that the maximum active load adjustment that the DHQ power plant can bear is 200. The maximum adjustment that the power plant can bear is eliminated, and the active load adjustment that the other two plants can bear is recalculated. After calculation:

[0134] HD power plant needs to bear the actual active load adjustment VP 1实 for:

[0135]

[0136] MIAOW power plants need to bear the actual active load adjustment for:

[0137]

[0138] That is, according to the system requirements, the active loads of HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plants after adjustment are 1811, 920 and 1269 respectively.

[0139] Then, it is determined whether the water levels of the reservoirs of the HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plants are controllable.

[0140] For HD power plants:

[0141] [3600×(V 1出 -V 1入 -VV 1-1入 ×θ 1-1 )×t+VP1×W1×t]

[0142] =[3600×(1190-980-0)×8+411×1000×3.12×8]

[0143] = 16.3 million m 3

[0144] (K ic -K is )=14.1-7.3=680 million m3>0.163 billion m 3

[0145] The reservoir constraints are satisfied.

[0146] For DHQ power plants:

[0147] [3600×(V2出 -V 2入 -VV 2-1入 ×θ 2-1 )×t+VP2×W2×t]

[0148] =[3600×(1203-1207-411×3.16×1000÷3600)×8+200×1000×6.16×8]

[0149] =-0.0042 billion m 3

[0150] (K 2c -K 2s )=253-224=0.29 billion m3>-0.0042 billion m 3

[0151] The reservoir constraints are satisfied.

[0152] For MIAOW power plants:

[0153] [3600×(V 3出 -V 3入 -VV 3-1入 ×θ 3-1 )×t+VP3×W3×t]

[0154] =[3600×(1257-1240-200×6.16×1000÷3600)×8+289×1000×4.5×8]

[0155] =0.01 billion m 3

[0156] (K ic -K is )=552-528=0.24 billion m3>0.01 billion m 3

[0157] The reservoir constraints are satisfied.

[0158] Then, determine the active load of the entire plant after adjustment of HD, DHQ, and MIAOW power plants:

[0159] HD power plant 1811, DHQ power plant 920, MIAOW power plant 1269.

[0160] Then, the combination of HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plant units is calculated:

[0161] in accordance with Since all units need to be started and operated after load adjustment and there is no other combination, there is no need to consider unit optimization.

[0162] After the execution of this load adjustment, according to the established database of reservoir water level and storage capacity of each power plant, the corresponding reservoir water level changes after 8 hours of water are: HD power plant dropped by 54cm, DHQ power plant rose by 5cm, and MIAOW power plant dropped by 6cm.

[0163] According to the above embodiments, it can be seen that when load adjustment is performed according to the method of the present application, except for the top-level power station participating in the active load adjustment, the water volume in the reservoirs of the other cascade power stations does not change much, that is, the water level basically remains in the state before the load adjustment, and the top-level power station participating in the adjustment is generally a reservoir with a certain regulation capacity, and the adjustment will basically not affect the execution of subsequent plans of small-capacity power stations.

[0164] It can be seen from the first embodiment that the active load adjustment amount VP of each power station i Under the condition that the load adjustment space is met, according to the method of the present invention, the water level requirements between the cascade power stations participating in the load adjustment can be basically met, and except for the first-level hydropower plant participating in the adjustment, the water level changes of the reservoirs of the other power plants are relatively small, which is more conducive to the implementation of the subsequent load plan.

[0165] Embodiment 2

[0166] In extreme cases, due to system needs, load limit adjustments may be required, such as increasing or decreasing the load according to maximum capacity.

[0167] Assume that the operation mode and water condition data at a certain moment are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 respectively.

[0168] Table 3

[0169]

[0170] Table 4

[0171]

[0172] At this time, the system needs to temporarily increase the load by 1000MW for a total of 8 hours.

[0173] First, calculate the water consumption rates of HD, DHQ, and MIAOW power plants respectively:

[0174] The water consumption rate of HD power plant is W1=3.43, the water consumption rate of DHQ power plant is W2=6.55, and the water consumption rate of MIAOW power plant is W3=4.47. max =max(W1, W2, W3)=6.55.

[0175] Then, calculate the load adjustment that the HD, DHQ, and MIAOW power plants need to bear respectively:

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] Afterwards, after the load adjustment of each power plant, the active load values ​​of HD, DHQ, and MIAOW are P 1c =887,P 2c =458,P 3c =685. After adjustment, the load of the entire plant is within the operable range.

[0179] Subsequently, it is calculated whether the reservoir operation constraints are controllable.

[0180] For HD power plants:

[0181] [3600×(V 1出 -V 1入 -VV 1-1入 ×θ 1-1 )×t+VP1×W1×t]

[0182] =[3600×(450-460-0)×8+437×1000×3.43×8]

[0183] = 11.7 million m 3

[0184] (K ic -K is )=7.39-7.3=0.09 billion m3<0.117 billion m 3

[0185] After calculation, the reservoir constraints of the HD power plant are not met.

[0186] At this time, it is necessary to recalculate the maximum load adjustment that the HD power plant can bear.

[0187] The maximum allowable active load adjustment of HD power plant is:

[0188]

[0189] The maximum active load adjustment that the HD power plant can bear is 338.

[0190] Then, after removing the maximum adjustment that the HD power plant can bear, recalculate the active load adjustment that the DHQ and MIAOW plants can bear:

[0191] DHQ power plant needs to bear the actual active load adjustment VP 2实 for:

[0192]

[0193] MIAOW power plant needs to bear the actual active load adjustment VP 3实 for:

[0194]

[0195] Then, it is calculated whether the operating constraints of DHQ and MIAOW reservoirs are controllable.

[0196] For DHQ power plants:

[0197] [3600×(V 2出 -V 2入 -VV 2-1入 ×θ 2-1 )×t+VP2×W2×t]

[0198] =[3600×(430-455-338×3.43×1000÷3600)×8+268×1000×6.55×8]

[0199] =0.042 billion m 3

[0200] (K ic -K is )=2.29-2.24=0.05 billion m3>0.042 billion m 3

[0201] The reservoir constraints are satisfied.

[0202] MIAOW power plant needs to bear the actual active load adjustment VP 2实 for:

[0203] VP 3实 =(VP-VP1-VP2)=1000-338-268=394

[0204] For MIAOW power plants:

[0205] [3600×(V 3出 -V 3入 -VV 3-1入 ×θ 3-1 )×t+VP3×W3×t]

[0206] =[3600×(445-442-268×6.55×1000÷3600)×8+394×1000×4.47×8]

[0207] =0.0013 billion m 3

[0208] (K ic -K is )=5.52-5.28=0.24 billion m 3 >0.0013 billion m 3

[0209] The reservoir constraints are satisfied.

[0210] Finally, the actual active loads of HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plants after adjustment are determined as follows: VP 1实 =788, VP 2实 =478, VP 3实 =744.

[0211] Then, the optimal operation combination of each power plant unit is calculated.

[0212] Under this load operating condition of HD Power Plant, the active load of the whole plant is 788.

[0213] in accordance with The unit combination is 2 or 3 units.

[0214] Finally, according to the established HD power plant turbine operation characteristics database, when the unit combination is 2 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 93%, and when the unit combination is 3 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 94%, η max =94%, that is, when the unit combination is 3 units, the hydro-generator set will operate in a better condition.

[0215] Under this load operating condition, the active load of the DHQ power plant is 478.

[0216] in accordance with The unit combination is 3 or 4 units.

[0217] According to the established DHQ power plant turbine operation characteristics database, when the unit combination is 3 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 93%, and when the unit combination is 4 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 87%, η max =93%, that is, when the unit combination is 3 units, the hydro-generator set will operate in a better condition.

[0218] Under this load condition, the active load of the MIAOW power plant is 744.

[0219] in accordance with The unit combination is 3 or 4 units.

[0220] According to the established MIAOW power plant turbine operation characteristics database, when the unit combination is 3 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 92%, and when the unit combination is 4 units, the single turbine operation efficiency is 82%, η max =92%, that is, when the unit combination is 3 units, the hydro-generator set will operate in a better condition.

[0221] According to the established database of reservoir water level and storage capacity of each power plant, the corresponding reservoir water levels after 8 hours are: 1586.5m for HD power plant, 1472.6m for DHQ power plant, and 1399.92m for MIAOW power plant.

[0222] According to the above calculations, under this operating condition, the three cascade power plants are capable of bearing the total load increase requirement of 1000MW, but some plants will reach the limit operating water level. In the actual implementation process, after calculation, the load of MIAOW and DHQ power plants can be appropriately increased, and the load of HD power plant can be reduced to keep the water level at a safe level.

[0223] Embodiment 3

[0224] At the end of the flood season, the water levels in the reservoirs of hydropower plants generally remain at a relatively high level. In this case, if the transmission channel is interrupted, the load of the power station will need to be significantly reduced.

[0225] Assume that the operation mode and water condition data at a certain moment are as shown in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively.

[0226] Table 5

[0227]

[0228] Table 6

[0229]

[0230] If the circuit breaker trips due to a fault in the outgoing line at this time, the maximum adjustable load reduction within 4 hours must be calculated.

[0231] First, calculate the water consumption rates of HD, DHQ, and MIAOW power plants respectively:

[0232] The water consumption rate of the HD power plant is W1=2.98, the water consumption rate of the DHQ power plant is W2=6.37, and the water consumption rate of the MIAOW power plant is W3=4.22.

[0233] Then, determine the maximum active load adjustment of each power plant:

[0234] The maximum adjustable load reduction of HD power plant is:

[0235]

[0236] The maximum adjustable load reduction of DHQ power plant is:

[0237]

[0238] The maximum adjustable load reduction of MIAOW power plant is:

[0239]

[0240] That is, the actual active loads of HD, DHQ and MIAOW power plants after adjustment are:

[0241] VP 1实 =786, VP 2实 =192, VP 3实 =140.

[0242] The total maximum adjustable active load reduction is:

[0243]

[0244] Then, determine the optimal combined operation mode of each power plant unit:

[0245] Under this load operating condition of HD Power Plant, the total active load of the plant is 786.

[0246] in accordance with The unit combination is 2 or 3 units.

[0247] According to the established HD power plant turbine operation characteristics database, when the unit combination is 2 units, the turbine operation efficiency is 96%, and when the unit combination is 3 units, the turbine operation efficiency is 93%, η max =96%, that is, when the unit combination is 2 units, the hydro-generator set will operate in a better condition.

[0248] Under this load operating condition, the total active load of the DHQ power plant is 192.

[0249] in accordance with The unit combination is 1 or 2 units.

[0250] According to the established DHQ power plant turbine operation characteristics database, when the unit combination is 1 unit, the turbine operation efficiency is 95%, and when the unit combination is 2 units, the turbine operation efficiency is 79%, η max =95%, that is, when the unit combination is 1 unit, the hydro-generator set will operate in a better condition.

[0251] Under this load condition, the total active load of the MIAOW power plant is 140.

[0252] in accordance with The unit combination is 1 unit.

[0253] According to the established database of reservoir water level and storage capacity of each power plant, the water level of HD power plant 4 hours later is: 1618.47, the water level of DHQ power plant is: 1476.49, and the water level of MIAOW power plant is: 1407.15.

[0254] Within the total maximum adjustable active load reduction range, the application method and steps can also be used to obtain a load lower than VP 实Other active load adjustments required.

[0255] In summary, this application calculates the water consumption rate between cascade power stations in the basin, and uses this as the basis for load adjustment between upstream and downstream to achieve water balance between power plants that execute the power generation plan curve. The calculation of the water consumption rate takes into account the differences under different water levels, especially for plants with small regulating reservoir capacity and large daily fluctuations. By introducing the first 24 hours, the first hour and the rated water consumption rate for averaging, the deviations caused by different heads and different loads can be eliminated as much as possible, making it closer to the actual situation. During use, some of the data can be selected for water consumption rate calculation based on the actual operation of each plant. At the same time, the adjustable power constraint is performed in combination with the reservoir capacity margin and water storage capacity under the water level constraint conditions of the power station, which can effectively ensure the safe operation of the reservoir during active load adjustment. The calculation results are basically consistent with the actual operation.

[0256] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided by the above embodiments.

[0257] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0258] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0259] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0260] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0261] The present application is expected to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure is expected to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, the risk can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting the data. In addition, when applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect the privacy of the user.

[0262] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0263] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0264] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0265] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0266] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0267] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0268] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0269] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for load adjustment and unit optimization of cascade power stations with a common delivery channel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Establish a reservoir water level and storage capacity database and a turbine operation characteristics database for each power plant. Based on the load adjustable range of the turbine generator units in each plant, the reservoir water level control requirements and storage capacity requirements, the load constraints that the computer unit can operate within a certain period of time, determine the optimal unit combination; Calculating the water consumption rate of the cascade power station according to the load and flow relationship of the hydro-generator set in the optimal unit combination; Considering the water volume matching between upstream and downstream, according to the load distribution principle under the condition of equal water volume, the active load adjustment of the cascade power station is calculated based on the maximum water consumption rate; Based on the active load adjustment amount, determine whether the adjusted active load of the whole plant is within the operable range, and verify whether the reservoir capacity meets the water level control requirements; Under the condition that the load adjustment and water level control requirements are met, the unit load is adjusted according to the active load adjustment amount of each plant and station; Calculate the operating efficiency of the turbine under the adjusted operating conditions and determine whether the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping, and determine the operating mode and optimal operating condition combination of the turbine generator unit under different load conditions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of determining the optimal unit combination based on the load adjustable range of the hydro-generator units of each plant and station, the water level control requirements of the reservoir and the storage capacity requirements, and the load constraints of the computer units that can be operated within a certain period of time includes: Based on the adjustable load range of each plant and station hydro-generator set [P iz , P imax ]、Reservoir water level control requirements [H llim , H hlim ] and the corresponding storage capacity requirements [K is , K it ]Construct reservoir water level-storage capacity curve; Based on the reservoir water level-storage capacity curve, a total constraint condition for the operating load of the unit within a certain period of time is formed; According to the load conditions of the units after adjustment, combined with the operating efficiency curves of the turbines under different water levels and load conditions, the optimal unit combination is calculated under the above-mentioned total constraint conditions.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The calculating of the water consumption rate of the cascade power station according to the load and flow relationship of the hydro-generator set in the optimal unit combination includes: The water consumption rate of the cascade power station is calculated based on the water consumption rate of the unit in the first 24 hours of operation, the water consumption rate of the unit in the first hour, and the rated water consumption rate of the unit. The water consumption rate of the i-th plant in the cascade power station is W i for: IN i =(In i1h +W i1d +W ie ) / 3 Where W i1h Refers to the water consumption rate of the plant in the current hour, L i1h Refers to the current one-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1h Refers to the current accumulated power of the plant in the past hour, W i1d Refers to the current 24-hour water consumption rate of the plant, L i1d Refers to the current 24-hour power generation water consumption of the plant, Q i1d Refers to the current 24-hour accumulated power of the plant, W ie Refers to the rated water consumption rate of the hydro-generator sets in operation at the plant.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The active load adjustment amount of the cascade power station is calculated based on the maximum water consumption rate, including: Calculate the maximum water consumption rate W in the cascade power station involved in load adjustment max : W max =max(W1,W2......W n ) In the formula, n is the number of cascade power plants involved in the calculation; With the maximum water consumption rate W max As the benchmark value, calculate the matching relationship between the remaining plants and this plant. Under the condition of the same water volume change, calculate the active load adjustment VP borne by each plant based on the inverse relationship between the load adjustment of each plant and the water consumption rate. i : Where VP is the total active load adjustment.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of judging whether the adjusted active load of the whole plant is within the operable range based on the active load adjustment amount, and verifying whether the reservoir capacity meets the water level control requirements, includes: If the active load adjustment VP i To increase, the adjusted active load of the whole plant and the current reservoir capacity need to meet the following requirements: (P ic +VP i )≤P imax Where P ic is the current active load of the i-th plant, P imax is the current maximum allowable active load of the plant, V i出 is the current outbound flow, V i入 is the current inflow flow, VV i-1入 is the flow change value of the power station above the i-th power station, θ i-1 is the highest power station mark participating in load adjustment. i-1 is θ o When the value is 0, it is 1 for other values. t is the time required for load adjustment. K ic is the reservoir capacity corresponding to the current water level, K is The storage capacity corresponding to the lowest operating water level of the power station; If the active load adjustment VP i In order to reduce, the adjusted active load of the whole plant needs to meet the following requirements: (P ic -VP i )≥P iz Where P iz is the current minimum allowable active load of the plant, K it The reservoir capacity corresponds to the highest operating water level of the power station.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that If the adjusted active load of a plant is not within the operable range or the reservoir capacity does not meet the water level control requirements, it also includes: Recalculate the active load adjustment of the plant according to the following formula: If the load change of the plant is an increase, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is: If the load change of the plant is a decrease, the recalculated active load adjustment of the plant is: If it is necessary to recalculate the active load adjustment of other plants and stations, the active load adjustment of the plant and station shall be eliminated from the total active load adjustment, and the active load adjustment of other plants and stations shall be recalculated.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The operation efficiency of the turbine under the adjusted working condition is calculated and whether the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping the unit, and the operation mode and the optimal working condition combination of the turbine generator unit under different load conditions are determined, including: According to the total active load adjustment of each plant and station and the standby status of the unit, calculate whether the unit start-up and shutdown conditions are met under the load condition. The judgment expression is: Where, VP i实 is the total amount of active load adjustment that each plant can bear, j is the number of units currently in operation, and λ is the number of units that can be started and stopped at the plant; If the unit has the conditions for starting and stopping, the turbine operating efficiency value η of the turbine generator unit under different load conditions of the plant is calculated according to the turbine operating characteristic curve database; The operating condition combination with the maximum turbine operating efficiency value is taken as the optimal operating condition combination of the hydro-generator set.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when being executed by a processor.

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