Balsam kok-saghyz feed for inhibiting inflammation as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed preparation, and particularly relates to a kok-saghyz feed for inhibiting inflammation and a preparation method and application thereof, the kok-saghyz feed is obtained by mixing kok-saghyz extract and basal feed according to the mass ratio of (0.01-0.2): 1 and granulating; the kok-saghyz feed is used for inhibiting inflammation. According to the present invention, the kok-saghyz is fully utilized, and the obtained kok-saghyz feed can reduce the morbidity rate of cattle, can ensure the cattle body immunity and the growth and development of the digestive system, can improve the cattle yield and the quality death rate, and can improve the comprehensive benefits of farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed preparation, and particularly relates to a rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Inflammatory diseases, as well as their prevention and treatment, are key areas of concern in livestock management. A combination of preventive and therapeutic measures is crucial for preventing and treating these diseases, ensuring that proactive preventative measures minimize the likelihood of livestock contracting them. Once an inflammatory disease is identified, effective treatment can minimize its impact and minimize mortality. Therefore, to minimize the impact of inflammatory diseases on livestock farming, the prevention and treatment of inflammation remains a hot topic of research.

[0003] Rubber grass is a new energy plant at home and abroad. Its roots contain a large amount of latex from which rubber can be extracted. The current global demand for natural rubber and the increase in prices, as well as the challenges associated with rubber tree planting, have rekindled people's interest in developing alternative crops for rubber production. This has triggered large-scale research on rubber grass to increase rubber production by cultivating high-quality varieties.

[0004] Rubber grass, also known as Russian rubber grass, was discovered in 1931 by Russian botanist Rodin in the Tianshan Mountains valley of Kazakhstan and later officially named Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin. Rubber grass is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, belonging to the group Taraxacumkok. It is native to Kazakhstan and the Tekes River basin in the Tianshan Mountains valley of Xinjiang, China, and is found in small wild populations throughout Northeast, North, and Northwest China. Its roots contain a large amount of milky sap, which can produce a high-quality natural rubber. Natural rubber is found in the latex of many plants and is a crucial raw material used in the production of tens of millions of industrial, agricultural, and medical products. In wild plants, rubber grass roots contain up to 5% rubber, making this species a viable alternative source for natural rubber production. In addition to natural rubber, its roots also contain several metabolites with potential applications in bioethanol production, biomedicine, and the food industry. Byproducts include inulin, which can be used directly in both food and non-food applications. In addition to roots, different rubber grass tissues also contain a variety of active ingredients, including terpenes such as sesquiterpene lactones, rubber grass lactones, dihydrolactoside, xylin, artemisinin, cyanidin or pentacyclic triterpenes, purpurin, and typical rubber grass sterols. Phenolic acids, coumarin phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and phytosterols are secondary compounds. Because the main rubber-producing part of rubber grass is the roots, current research focuses on rubber grass rubber production and germplasm resources. Cultivated strains have well-developed root systems and can maximize the utilization of rubber grass roots, achieving higher economic benefits. However, rubber grass leaves contain less rubber, and when rubber is extracted in factories, these leaves are often not used, resulting in a large waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation, a preparation method and application thereof. The extract obtained by water extraction of rubber grass leaves is mixed with the feed. The obtained rubber grass feed has a good effect of preventing inflammatory diseases, thereby achieving full utilization of rubber grass.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions of the present invention are specifically as follows.

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation, wherein the rubber grass feed is obtained by mixing rubber grass extract and basic feed in a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.2:1 and granulating the mixture;

[0008] The rubber grass extract is obtained by extracting the rubber grass with water at 90-95° C., filtering, and concentrating the filtrate.

[0009] The present invention extracts and concentrates rubber grass from rubber grass, mixing the resulting rubber grass extract with a base feed at a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.2:1. The resulting rubber grass feed effectively inhibits inflammatory factors, thereby preventing inflammatory diseases in livestock and fully utilizing the rubber grass. Furthermore, by controlling the amount of rubber grass extract added, livestock feed intake can be further increased, promoting growth, thereby effectively improving the quality of poultry while reducing inflammatory diseases. A temperature between 90°C and 95°C prevents excessively high temperatures from decomposing rubber grass components, while also preventing low temperatures from leading to poor water extraction results and reduced efficiency.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, the particle size of the rubber grass feed is 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the basic feed is obtained by mixing calcium powder, straw powder and grain feed in a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:3.5-10:1-1.5.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the calcium powder is prepared by mixing wheat bran, rice bran, clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:0.5-1:1-2:1-2;

[0013] The cereal feed is prepared by mixing rice, wheat and corn in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 2:1 to 3.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The method uses rubber grass as a raw material and adopts a water extraction method to extract a rubber grass extract. The mass ratio of rubber grass to water is 1 to 2:10, the extraction temperature is 90° C. to 95° C., the extraction time is 15 to 20 minutes, and the number of extractions is 1 to 3. The filtrates obtained from each extraction are combined and concentrated to obtain the rubber grass extract. The extraction process also includes stirring at a speed of 1200 to 2000 rpm.

[0016] The rubber grass extract and the basic feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.2:1, stirred at 2200 to 2500 rpm for 30 to 45 minutes, and granulated to obtain the rubber grass feed.

[0017] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation in the preparation of anti-inflammatory feed.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the livestock anti-inflammatory feed is used to inhibit inflammatory factors.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the inflammatory factors are IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α.

[0020] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides the use of the rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation in preparing livestock growth-promoting feed.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention mixes rubber grass extract with basic feed to produce a rubber grass feed that effectively inhibits inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, thereby reducing diseases caused by inflammatory factors in livestock and reducing the use of drugs in livestock. It can also effectively increase the daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed-to-weight ratio of livestock, thereby preventing inflammatory diseases while ensuring the growth and development of the livestock's immune and digestive systems, improving livestock yield and quality, and enhancing the overall benefits of livestock farmers.

[0023] The present invention can fully utilize rubber grass. By performing water extraction on the rubber grass and controlling the temperature at 90°C to 95°C, the components in the rubber grass can be extracted. After the obtained extract is mixed with basic feed, the inflammatory factor inhibitory effect can be exerted, thereby providing a new application range for the rubber grass and realizing resource recycling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0025] Rubber grass is a perennial herb of the Asteraceae family. In addition to the rubber being extracted from its roots, other parts of the plant also have some properties of the Asteraceae family. For example, it contains a variety of chemical components such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and polysaccharides, and has certain biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor inhibition effects. It is very feasible to use it as a material for preventing inflammatory diseases.

[0026] The main rubber-producing part of rubber grass is its roots. Currently, research at home and abroad focuses on the rubber production and germplasm resources of rubber grass. The cultivated varieties have well-developed root systems, which can maximize the use of the rubber grass roots and achieve higher economic benefits. However, at the same time, the leaves of rubber grass are more lush as the root system develops. However, because the leaves contain less rubber, these leaves are often not used when rubber is extracted in factories. The high-quality varieties currently cultivated at home and abroad all have well-developed root systems, but their above-ground leaves are also well-developed. However, factory extraction of rubber usually refers to the use of the well-developed roots underground, and many leaves become waste and need to be processed urgently. From the perspective of green development, it is considered to develop the waste leaves left over from factory rubber production into feed that can prevent inflammatory diseases.

[0027] The present invention performs multiple water extractions on rubber grass, and mixes the obtained extracts after rotary evaporation of the water extracts with basic feed. By adding the rubber grass extracts, the anti-inflammatory effect of the feed can be effectively improved. The anti-inflammatory effect of the rubber grass is utilized to increase the ability of farmed animals to prevent inflammatory diseases, and the utilization rate of drugs by farmed animals is reduced, thereby effectively ensuring the meat quality of farmed animals and ensuring economic benefits.

[0028] The following is a detailed description of a rubber grass feed, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for preparing rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1. Mix rubber grass and water in a mass ratio of 1:10, and extract with water at a stirring rate of 1200 rpm and a temperature of 90°C for 15 minutes. After the extraction is completed, filter and collect the filtrate. Mix the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 1:10, and continue the extraction under the above conditions. After the extraction is completed, filter and collect the filtrate. Extract the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 2:10, and filter and collect the filtrate.

[0032] S2. The filtrates obtained after the three water extractions are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1:2, heated and concentrated, and excess water is evaporated to obtain an extract; wherein 20 kg of rubber grass extract is obtained for every 100 kg of rubber grass.

[0033] S3. Grind the corn stalks to obtain stalk powder with a particle size of 0.1 mm.

[0034] S4. Stir the calcium powder and straw powder at a stirring rate of 750 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes, and add cereal feed after 13 minutes of stirring to prepare a basic feed; wherein the mass ratio of calcium powder, straw powder and cereal feed is 3.5:8:1.5; the calcium powder is made by mixing wheat bran, rice bran, clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5:2:1, the clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells are all crushed to obtain powder, and the particle size of the powder is 1 μm; the cereal feed is made by mixing rice, wheat and corn in a mass ratio of 1:2:2.

[0035] S5. Stir and mix the rubber grass extract and the basic feed in a mass ratio of 0.01:1 at a stirring rate of 2200 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes. After stirring, place the mixture in a granulator for granulation to obtain feed pellets with a particle size of 2 mm.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for preparing rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. Mix rubber grass and water in a mass ratio of 2:10, and extract with water for 15 minutes at a stirring rate of 1500 rpm and a temperature of 90°C. After the extraction is completed, filter and obtain the filtrate. Mix the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 1:10, and continue to extract with water according to the above conditions. After the extraction is completed, filter and obtain the filtrate. Extract the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 2:10, and filter and obtain the filtrate.

[0039] S2. The filtrates obtained after the three water extractions are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, heated and concentrated, and excess water is evaporated to obtain an extract; wherein 10 kg of rubber grass extract is obtained for every 100 kg of rubber grass.

[0040] S3. Grind the corn stalks to obtain stalk powder with a particle size of 0.3 mm.

[0041] S4. Stir the calcium powder and straw powder at a stirring rate of 800 revolutions per minute for 17 minutes, and add cereal feed after 13 minutes of stirring to prepare a basic feed; wherein the mass ratio of calcium powder, straw powder and cereal feed is 2.5:3.5:1; the calcium powder is mixed with wheat bran, rice bran, clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.7:1:2, and the clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells are all crushed to obtain powder, and the particle size of the powder is 3 μm; the cereal feed is mixed with rice, wheat and corn in a weight ratio of 1:2:1.

[0042] S5. Stir and mix the rubber grass extract and the basic feed in a mass ratio of 0.1:1 at a stirring rate of 2300 revolutions per minute for 40 minutes. After stirring, place the mixture in a granulator for granulation to obtain feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A method for preparing rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Mix rubber grass and water in a mass ratio of 2:10, and extract with water at a stirring rate of 2000 rpm and a temperature of 95°C for 20 minutes. After the extraction is completed, filter and obtain the filtrate. Mix the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 2:10, and continue the extraction under the above conditions. After the extraction is completed, filter and obtain the filtrate. Extract the remaining filter residue with water in a mass ratio of 1:10, and filter and obtain the filtrate.

[0046] S2. The filtrates obtained after the three water extractions are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3:4, heated and concentrated, and excess water is evaporated to obtain an extract; wherein, 40 kg of rubber grass extract is obtained for every 100 kg of rubber grass.

[0047] S3. Grind the corn stalks to obtain stalk powder with a particle size of 0.5 mm.

[0048] S4. Stirring the calcium powder and straw powder at a stirring rate of 900 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes, and adding cereal feed after 15 minutes of stirring to prepare a basic feed; wherein the mass ratio of calcium powder, straw powder and cereal feed is 3:10:1; the calcium powder is made by mixing wheat bran, rice bran, clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:2:2, and the clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells are all crushed to prepare powder, and the particle size of the powder is 5 μm; the cereal feed is made of germinated cereals, and the germinated cereals are made by mixing rice, wheat and corn in a mass ratio of 1:2:3.

[0049] S5. Stir and mix the rubber grass extract and the basic feed in a mass ratio of 0.01:1 at a stirring rate of 2500 revolutions per minute for 45 minutes. After stirring, place the mixture in a granulator for granulation to obtain feed pellets with a particle size of 3 mm.

[0050] In order to further illustrate the effect of the rubber grass feed in the present invention, the following experiments were conducted.

[0051] The experiment was conducted by dividing cattle of similar physical condition, good health, and an average weight of 30 kg into two groups, each with 10 cattle. The experimental group was fed the rubber grass feed described in Example 1; the control group was fed the basic feed described in Example 1. The experimental and control groups were fed the same feed quality every day and were raised in the same breeding environment for 28 days.

[0052] Each pen was equipped with a cement trough and five nipple drinkers to ensure adequate feed and water supply. During the experiment, the pen environment was manually maintained, with temperature, humidity, lighting, and hygiene indicators meeting national standards (GB / T 20014.7-2013). Disinfection, immunization, and other routine care were performed, and animals with severe diarrhea or illness were promptly treated or eliminated.

[0053] On the morning of the 29th day, blood was collected from the test cattle and tested for pro-inflammatory factors. The pro-inflammatory factor testing method was as follows: ELISA was used to detect the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in the bovine serum. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α were used as standards, and the collected blood was used as the test sample.

[0054] The kits used were purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.: bovine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) kit (ELISA), bovine interleukin 6 (IL-6) kit (ELISA), bovine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) kit, and bovine interleukin 10 (IL10) ELISA kit.

[0055] The whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube was placed in a 4°C refrigerator overnight, then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 20 minutes, and the supernatant was collected to detect various inflammatory factors according to the kit instructions.

[0056] After equilibration at room temperature for 20 minutes, remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return them to 4°C. Set up standard and sample wells, adding 50 μL of the standard at different concentrations to each well. Set up the standard curve according to the kit instructions. Add 50 μL of the sample to be tested to the sample wells, leaving blank wells empty. Add 100 μL of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated detection antibody to each well, except for the blank wells. Seal the wells with sealing film and incubate at 37°C in a waterbath or incubator for 60 minutes. Discard the liquid, pat dry on absorbent paper, and fill each well with 350 μL of wash solution. Let stand for 1 minute, then discard the wash solution and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this wash cycle five times. Add 50 μL each of the substrates hydrogen peroxide and 3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine to each well and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. Add 50 μL of stop solution to each well and measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm using a microplate reader within 15 minutes. The concentrations of the standard samples are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 Concentration of standard substances of various inflammatory factors

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] With the OD value of the measured standard as the horizontal axis and the concentration value of the standard as the vertical axis, draw a standard curve on coordinate paper or using relevant software, and obtain the linear regression equation, as shown in Table 2. Substitute the OD value of the sample into the equation to calculate the concentration of the sample. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0061] Table 2 Linear regression equations of the standard curves of various inflammatory factors

[0062] Inflammatory factors Standard curve formula Coefficient of determination IL-1β y=666.7x-22.866 <![CDATA[R 2 =0.9928]]> IL-6 y=109.12x-6.3218 <![CDATA[R 2 =0.9928]]> IL-10 y=295.8x-8.83 <![CDATA[R 2 =0.9909]]> TNF-α y=1110.3x-8.6525 <![CDATA[R 2 =0.9938]]>

[0063] Table 3 Experimental results of serum inflammatory factors in weaned calves of each group

[0064] Inflammatory factors control group Experimental group IL-1β (pg / ml) 31.29 30.07 IL-6 (pg / ml) 93.34 86.72 IL-10 (pg / ml) 77.92 74.24 TNF-α (pg / ml) 189.34 171.83

[0065] From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the rubber grass feed in Example 1 has a reducing effect on the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a in weaned calves, thereby playing a role in preventing inflammatory diseases in livestock and reducing the use rate of drugs in livestock, especially antibiotics.

[0066] Feeding was stopped at 5:00 PM on the 28th day of the experiment, and the total feed intake over the 28-day period was calculated for both the experimental and control groups. On the morning of the 29th day, the cattle were weighed on an empty stomach. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed-to-meat ratio were calculated, as shown in Table 4.

[0067] Table 4 Growth performance experimental results

[0068] Group Initial weight / kg Final weight / kg Average daily weight gain / kg Average daily feed intake / kg Material-to-weight ratio control group 30.16 41.33 0.4 1.45 3.64 Experimental group 30.23 41.89 0.42 1.44 3.46

[0069] From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that when the initial body weight difference is not large, the rubber grass feed in the present invention has a promoting effect on the feed intake and daily weight gain of weaned calves, while reducing the feed-to-meat ratio.

[0070] The above results demonstrate that the rubber grass feed of the present invention can effectively inhibit the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, thereby reducing the incidence of disease in cattle, reducing the use of antibiotics, and improving the overall benefits of cattle farmers. Furthermore, the rubber grass feed of the present invention ensures the growth and development of the cattle's immune and digestive systems, improving cattle yield and quality.

[0071] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0072] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation, characterized in that: The rubber grass feed is obtained by mixing rubber grass extract and basic feed in a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.2:1 and granulating the mixture; The rubber grass extract is obtained by extracting the rubber grass with water at 90° C. to 95° C., filtering, and concentrating the filtrate.

2. The rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the rubber grass feed is 2 mm to 3 mm.

3. The rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic feed is obtained by mixing calcium powder, straw powder and grain feed in a mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:3.5-10:1-1.

5.

4. The rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calcium powder is prepared by mixing wheat bran, rice bran, clam shells, shrimp shells and egg shells in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:0.5-1:1-2:1-2; The grain feed is prepared by mixing rice, wheat and corn in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 2:1 to 3.

5. A method for preparing rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Using rubber grass as raw material, a water extraction method is used to extract rubber grass extract, the mass ratio of rubber grass to water is 1-2:10, the extraction temperature is 90℃-95℃, the extraction time is 15min-20min, the extraction times are 1-3 times, and the filtrate obtained from each extraction is combined and concentrated to obtain rubber grass extract; The rubber grass extract and the basic feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.2:1, and granulated to obtain the rubber grass feed.

6. Use of the rubber grass feed for inhibiting inflammation according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preparing anti-inflammatory feed for livestock.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The livestock anti-inflammatory feed is used for inhibiting inflammatory factors.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inflammatory factors are IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α.

9. Use of the rubber grass feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preparing livestock growth-promoting feed.

Images