Device for quickly assembling and disassembling upper anvil of hydraulic forging machine and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for quickly assembling and disassembling an upper anvil of a hydraulic forging machine and an operation method. The connecting rod is directly arranged on the upper anvil, so that a middle connecting part is omitted, and the cost is saved; the wedge pin is divided into the pin tenon and the movable wedge pin, the movable wedge pin is arranged in the connecting rod, the two parts are organically connected and matched during wedging and disengaging, a connecting component of the upper anvil and the upper anvil block can be wedged, the stroke of the wedge pin can be greatly reduced, and therefore the fast-assembling and fast-disassembling device is small in occupied space and convenient to arrange; and traditional hydraulic cylinder locking continuous energy consumption is changed into spring active locking without energy consumption. The method has the advantages that the upper anvil loading and unloading speed is higher, the equipment investment is smaller, and the energy consumption is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for loading and unloading an anvil of a hydraulic forging machine, in particular to a connecting device between an upper anvil and an upper anvil seat and an operating method, belonging to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] The working process of the hydraulic forging machine is to forge the blank using the upper and lower anvils, and the upper anvil is often replaced frequently due to process requirements. The traditional replacement method is to remove the upper anvil tenon from the dovetail groove of the upper anvil seat, and then install the spare upper anvil, which often requires multiple people to operate and is time-consuming and laborious. In order to solve the above problems, people designed the upper anvil seat into two parts, the upper part is fixed under the movable beam of the hydraulic press, and the upper anvil is fixed under the lower part. The upper and lower parts of the upper anvil seat are driven by the hydraulic cylinder to achieve fast loading and unloading. This method increases the replacement speed, but there are the following disadvantages: First, the insertion or extraction stroke of the pin is large; second, hydraulic power is required to squeeze and lock, resulting in a high failure rate and continuous energy consumption; third, each spare upper anvil needs to be matched with the lower part of the upper anvil seat, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the problems pointed out in the background technology, the present invention proposes a device and operating method for quickly loading and unloading the anvil on a hydraulic forging machine. The locking and disassembly mechanisms are designed into two parts, and an active locking + hydraulic return driving mode is adopted to achieve the purpose of quickly loading and unloading the anvil on the hydraulic forging machine.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device and operation method for quickly loading and unloading the upper anvil of a hydraulic forging machine, comprising: a movable beam, an upper anvil seat and an upper anvil, the upper anvil seat is fixed under the movable beam, the upper anvil is arranged under the upper anvil seat, the movable beam drives the upper anvil to extrude the forging downward or return upward through the upper anvil seat, characterized in that:

[0005] A quick-install and quick-release mechanism is provided between the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat, and the quick-install and quick-release mechanism includes a plurality of groups of connecting components, each group of connecting components includes: a connecting rod, a hydraulic cylinder group, a wedge pin and a wedge pin seat;

[0006] The upper part of the connecting rod is provided with a wedge pin hole, which is inserted into a positioning hole provided on the upper anvil, and the lower part of the connecting rod is provided with a screw rod, which is fixed on the upper anvil through a fixing nut;

[0007] The hydraulic cylinder group includes a wedge pin hydraulic cylinder and a pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder, and is arranged in the upper anvil;

[0008] The wedge pin hydraulic cylinder has a spring arranged in the rodless cavity and hydraulic power oil arranged in the rod cavity. The front section of the single-out rod is arranged as a pin, and the end is arranged as a spherical surface.

[0009] The rodless cavity of the pin-removing hydraulic cylinder is provided with hydraulic power oil, and the end of the single rod is provided with a spherical surface;

[0010] The wedge pin moves in the wedge pin hole, and the connecting rod is locked or released in the positioning hole by the wedge pin;

[0011] The wedge pin is composed of two sections, one section is the pin tenon, and the other section is a movable wedge pin, and both ends of the movable wedge pin are set as spherical surfaces;

[0012] There are two wedge pin seats, the pin tenon is placed on one of the wedge pin seats and can slide on the wedge pin seat, the two wedge pin seats are respectively fixedly arranged in the upper anvil seat on both sides of the positioning hole, and are opposite to the two ends of the wedge pin hole; the pin tenon pushes the movable wedge pin to insert into the other wedge pin seat, the wedge pin seat supports the wedge pin, the upper surface of the wedge pin presses the upper part of the wedge pin hole, and the upper anvil is close to the upper anvil seat;

[0013] The single rod of the pin-removing hydraulic cylinder drives the movable pin wedge to return to the wedge pin hole, and the upper anvil is disengaged from the upper anvil seat;

[0014] The movable wedge pin is provided with a limit groove, and the side wall of the wedge pin hole is correspondingly provided with a limit key, and the limit key limits the movable wedge pin to move within a set range.

[0015] Preferably, the hydraulic power oil in the quick-install and quick-release mechanisms are interconnected, and all hydraulic cylinders act synchronously.

[0016] Preferably, the wedge pin is configured as a sloped rectangular parallelepiped, and the sloped surface is configured on the upper or lower side of the sloped rectangular parallelepiped.

[0017] Preferably, the slope of the slope is in the range of 5° to 12°.

[0018] The operation method includes:

[0019] Step 1: Fix the screw at the lower end of the connecting rod to the upper anvil with a nut;

[0020] Quick installation of anvil:

[0021] Step 2: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, the piston of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder compresses the spring, and the pressure oil is released after the spring is fixed with a fixing nut;

[0022] Step 3: Insert the connecting rod on the upper anvil into the positioning hole on the upper anvil seat;

[0023] Step 4: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, remove the fixing nut and release the pressure oil, the spring pushes the pin and the movable wedge pin, a part of the pin is on the wedge pin seat, and a part enters the wedge pin hole, a part of the movable wedge pin is in the wedge pin hole, and a part is placed on the other wedge pin seat, the two wedge pin seats support the wedge pin, the upper part of the wedge pin squeezes the upper part of the wedge pin hole, so that the upper anvil is close to the upper anvil seat, and the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat are quickly assembled;

[0024] Quick release anvil:

[0025] Step 5: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, the piston of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder compresses the spring, the single rod of the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder pushes the movable wedge pin back into the wedge pin hole, and the pin tenon returns to the wedge pin seat;

[0026] Step six: Install the fixing nut to position the spring and then release the pressure oil. The quick disassembly of the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat is completed.

[0027] Compared with the traditional quick-change device, the present invention has the following advantages: first, the connecting rod is directly arranged on the upper anvil, eliminating the intermediate connecting parts, saving costs and space. Second, the wedge pin is arranged in two parts, and the wedge pin stroke is reduced to one fifth of the original, so that the space occupied by the quick-change device is reduced, which facilitates the equipment layout. Third, the hydraulic power continuous locking is changed to spring continuous locking, and the continuous energy consumption is changed to no energy consumption. The present invention has the advantages of faster loading and unloading speed, smaller equipment investment and lower energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Attached Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial disengagement state of the connecting rod and the upper anvil.

[0029] Attached Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and locking state of the connecting rod and the upper anvil.

[0030] Attached Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of four sets of connection mechanisms on the upper anvil.

[0031] Attached Figure 4 For attachment Figure 1 The enlarged view of part I.

[0032] Attached Figure 5 For attachment Figure 2 The enlarged view of part II,

[0033] Attached Figure 6 For attachment Figure 3 Enlarged view of part III.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the upper anvil, 101 is the positioning hole, 2 is the upper anvil, 3 is the connecting part, 301 is the connecting rod, 302 is the movable wedge pin, 303 is the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder, 304 is the spring, 305 is the pin, 306 is the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder, 307 is the single output rod, 308 is the wedge pin seat, 309 is the limit key, 310 is the limit groove, a and b are the pressure relief holes of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder and the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The accompanying drawings show an embodiment in which four groups of connecting components 3 are provided. First, the screw rod at the lower end of the connecting rod 301 is fixed to the upper anvil 2 with a nut, and the connecting rod 301 is aligned with the positioning hole 101 on the upper anvil 1 .

[0036] Quickly install the anvil, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and 4 The location shown is Figure 2 and 5 The upper end of the connecting rod 301 is inserted into the positioning hole 101 on the bottom surface of the upper anvil 1, so that the wedge pin hole on the connecting rod 301 is directly opposite to the single rod of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder 303 and the single rod 307 of the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder 306. After removing the spring, fix the nut, and the hydraulic cylinder group is not filled with pressure oil. The spring 304 pushes the pin 305 to squeeze the movable wedge pin 302, so that the movable wedge pin 302 slides in the wedge pin hole. Figure 2 and 5 As shown, a portion of the pin 305 remains on the wedge pin seat 308, and the other portion is wedged into the wedge pin hole. A portion of the movable wedge pin 302 enters another wedge pin seat 308, and a portion remains in the wedge pin hole. The limit key 309 limits the maximum length of the movable wedge pin 302 sliding out of the wedge pin hole to the length of the limit groove 310. The wedge pin composed of the pin 305 and the movable wedge pin 302 fixes the connecting rod 301 in the positioning hole 101, thereby quickly installing the upper anvil 2 on the upper anvil seat 1. During operation, the spring 304 continuously locks the wedge pin and the wedge pin hole.

[0037] Quickly remove the anvil, as shown in the attached Figure 2 and 5 The location shown is Figure 1 and 4Position transition, pressurized oil is charged into the hydraulic cylinder group, the single output rod 307 of the pin-retracting hydraulic cylinder 306 pushes the movable wedge pin 302 back into the wedge pin hole, and the piston of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder 303 compresses the spring 304 until the pin 305 is returned to the wedge pin seat 308, and the movable wedge pin 302 is completely returned to the wedge pin hole. At this time, the limit key 309 is limited by the limit slot 308 to prevent the movable wedge pin 302 from continuing to run. After the spring 304 is compressed and reset, the fixing nut locks the spring 304. Since the end of the pin 305, the two ends of the movable wedge pin 302 and the end of the single output rod 307 are all spherical, the connecting rod 301 slides out of the positioning hole 101 without hindrance, and the upper anvil 2 is quickly disengaged from the upper anvil seat 1.

[0038] In the attached drawings, the pressure relief hole b provided in the rod chamber of the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder 306 and the pressure relief hole a provided in the rod chamber of the pin advance hydraulic cylinder 303 are opened when the hydraulic cylinder group releases pressure.

[0039] Attached Figure 6 The figure shows the positional relationship between the limit key 309 and the limit slot 310. The limit slot 310 is arranged on the movable wedge block 302. The root of the limit key 309 is arranged on the connecting rod 301 on the inner wall of the wedge pin hole. The head is in the limit slot 309. The length of the limit slot 310 is set, that is, the left and right sliding position of the movable wedge block 302 is set.

[0040] Attached Figure 3 The diagram shows the distribution of four connection mechanism embodiments in the upper anvil. Two by two are distributed inside the two ends of the bottom surface of the upper anvil. If the number of connection components is increased, the total number should be an even number and symmetrically distributed inside the two ends of the bottom surface of the upper anvil.

Claims

1. A device for quickly loading and unloading an anvil on a hydraulic forging machine, comprising: A movable beam, an upper anvil and an upper anvil, wherein the upper anvil is fixed under the movable beam, the upper anvil is arranged under the upper anvil, and the movable beam drives the upper anvil to press the forging downward or return upward through the upper anvil, characterized in that: A quick-install and quick-release mechanism is provided between the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat, and the quick-install and quick-release mechanism includes a plurality of groups of connecting components, each group of connecting components includes: a connecting rod, a hydraulic cylinder group, a wedge pin and a wedge pin seat; The upper part of the connecting rod is provided with a wedge pin hole, which is inserted into a positioning hole provided on the upper anvil, and the lower part of the connecting rod is provided with a screw rod, which is fixed on the upper anvil through a fixing nut; The hydraulic cylinder group includes a wedge pin hydraulic cylinder and a pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder, and is arranged in the upper anvil; The wedge pin hydraulic cylinder has a spring arranged in the rodless cavity and hydraulic power oil arranged in the rod cavity. The front section of the single-out rod is arranged as a pin, and the end is arranged as a spherical surface. The rodless cavity of the pin-removing hydraulic cylinder is provided with hydraulic power oil, and the end of the single rod is provided with a spherical surface; The wedge pin moves in the wedge pin hole, and the connecting rod is locked or released in the positioning hole by the wedge pin; The wedge pin is composed of two sections, one section is the pin tenon, and the other section is a movable wedge pin, and both ends of the movable wedge pin are set as spherical surfaces; There are two wedge pin seats, the pin tenon is placed on one of the wedge pin seats and can slide on the wedge pin seat, the two wedge pin seats are respectively fixedly arranged in the upper anvil seat on both sides of the positioning hole, and are opposite to the two ends of the wedge pin hole; the pin tenon pushes the movable wedge pin to insert into the other wedge pin seat, the wedge pin seat supports the wedge pin, the upper surface of the wedge pin presses the upper part of the wedge pin hole, and the upper anvil is close to the upper anvil seat; The single rod of the pin-removing hydraulic cylinder drives the movable pin wedge to return to the wedge pin hole, and the upper anvil is disengaged from the upper anvil seat; The movable wedge pin is provided with a limit groove, and the side wall of the wedge pin hole is correspondingly provided with a limit key, and the limit key limits the movable wedge pin to move within a set range.

2. The device for quickly loading and unloading anvils on a hydraulic forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic power oil in the quick-install and quick-release mechanism is interconnected, and all hydraulic cylinders act synchronously.

3. The device for quickly loading and unloading anvils on a hydraulic forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge pin is arranged as a sloped rectangular parallelepiped, and the sloped surface thereof is arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the sloped rectangular parallelepiped.

4. The device for quickly loading and unloading anvils on a hydraulic forging machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The slope of the slope surface is set in the range of 5° to 12°.

5. The method for operating the device for quickly loading and unloading an anvil on a hydraulic forging machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: Fix the screw at the lower end of the connecting rod to the upper anvil with a nut; The quick installation of the anvil includes steps 2, 3 and 4. Step 2: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, the piston of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder compresses the spring, and the pressure oil is released after the spring is fixed with a fixing nut; Step 3: Insert the connecting rod on the upper anvil into the positioning hole on the upper anvil seat; Step 4: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, remove the fixing nut and release the pressure oil, the spring pushes the pin and the movable wedge pin, a part of the pin is on the wedge pin seat, and a part enters the wedge pin hole, a part of the movable wedge pin is in the wedge pin hole, and a part is placed on the other wedge pin seat, the two wedge pin seats support the wedge pin, the upper part of the wedge pin squeezes the upper part of the wedge pin hole, so that the upper anvil is close to the upper anvil seat, and the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat are quickly assembled; The quick-release anvil includes step five and step six. Step 5: Fill the hydraulic cylinder group with pressure oil, the piston of the wedge pin hydraulic cylinder compresses the spring, the single rod of the pin withdrawal hydraulic cylinder pushes the movable wedge pin back into the wedge pin hole, and the pin tenon returns to the wedge pin seat; Step six: Install the fixing nut to position the spring and then release the pressure oil. The quick disassembly of the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat is completed.

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