Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional fibers, and relates to a comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out melt blending on the polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral master batches, carrying out spinning forming on the melt from a special-shaped spinneret plate with a relatively large specific surface area, and then carrying out drafting setting, so as to prepare the comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber. According to the comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared by the invention, the functionality and comfort of the conventional antibacterial and antiviral fiber are improved, the fiber has good air permeability and moisture absorption and sweat releasing properties while efficiently resisting bacteria and viruses, and the application of medical protective fiber products is further expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional fibers and relates to a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0003] As the main force in the textile industry, polyester fiber (PET) occupies an important position in the market due to its wide application fields and excellent performance. However, the porous structure and easy adsorption of polyester fiber textiles also make it a hotbed for the growth of microorganisms, which poses a potential threat to public health and personal health. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and broad application prospects to modify the antibacterial and antiviral functions of polyester fiber textiles to prevent and reduce diseases or cross-infection caused by microbial viruses. CN117418327 discloses an antibacterial and antiviral fiber and its preparation method and application. After a functional masterbatch is prepared by mixing and granulating a polymer guanidine salt, a cationic antibacterial agent, TiO2 and an aminosilane coupling agent, the antibacterial and antiviral fiber is obtained by melt spinning with a resin; the antibacterial and antiviral effect of the fiber on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and H1N1 influenza virus is more than 99%. CN114875521 discloses a method for preparing antibacterial and antiviral polyamide 6 composite fibers by loading nano-Cu on TiO2. The prepared fibers have a breaking strength of 4.5 cN / dtex and an elongation at break of 30%. The antibacterial and antiviral effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and influenza A (H1N1) virus are 99.1%. After the fibers are washed 50 times, the antibacterial and antiviral effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and influenza A (H1N1) virus are still more than 97%, and the fibers have good water wash resistance and high-efficiency antibacterial and antiviral properties.

[0004] Whether it is an inorganic or organic antibacterial and antiviral agent, its mechanism of action is to destroy its normal physiological function through physical or chemical action, thereby leading to the death of bacteria or the inhibition of viral infection, and achieving good antibacterial and antiviral effects. However, polyester textiles, especially clothing products, often have problems such as stuffiness and airtightness during use. This is related to the fact that there are fewer hydrophilic groups in the polyester molecular chain. However, the stuffy and airtight environment also becomes a good environment for bacteria to grow. If bacteria and viruses cannot be killed in time, secondary pollution is very likely to occur after adsorption or reproduction. Therefore, the development of new fiber products that can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms and significantly improve the wearing experience has become an important research direction for antibacterial and antiviral fibers. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to provide a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber comprises the following steps: melt-blending polyester chips and antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches, spinning the melt from a special-shaped spinneret with a large specific surface area, and then stretching and shaping the melt to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber.

[0008] As the preferred technical solution:

[0009] In the preparation method of the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described above, the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.65-0.70 dL / g and the melting point is 250-260°C.

[0010] As described above, a method for preparing a comfortable, fast-responding antibacterial and antiviral fiber, and a method for preparing a functional antibacterial and antiviral powder are as follows: zirconium phosphate is dispersed in ultrapure water, ultrasonically stirred for 30 minutes, EDTA is added, and the mixture is placed in a 40°C water bath for reaction for 3 hours, CuSO4·5H2O is added and reacted for 30 minutes, and then 1.5 mol / L NaOH solution and 0.1 mol / L ascorbic acid aqueous solution are added for reaction for 1 hour. The Cu2O@ZrP hybrid material obtained by the reaction is separated by a centrifuge, washed with ultrapure water and anhydrous ethanol, and placed in a vacuum oven at 60°C for drying to obtain Cu2O@ZrP powder. The Cu2O@ZrP powder is dissolved in an ethanol aqueous solution and placed in a 60°C oil bath, n-propylamine is added for reaction for 1 hour, octadecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide is added for reaction for 6 hours, bromide ions are detected by AgNO3 solution, and then dried and ground to obtain a functional antibacterial and antiviral powder.

[0011] As described above, in the preparation method of a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber, the pretreatment method of the polyester powder is to add nano calcium stearate to the polyester powder, fully mix it, dry it at 65°C and 115°C for 2h and 5h respectively, put it into a bag and seal it for use.

[0012] As described above, a method for preparing a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber, and a method for preparing an antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are as follows: functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and pretreated polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 20-30:70-80, and auxiliary agents are added and mixed evenly, and then melt-extruded, cooled, granulated, sieved, and dried to form the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch.

[0013] In the method for preparing the comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described above, the amount of nano calcium stearate added is 0.004% by weight of the polyester powder.

[0014] In the method for preparing a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described above, the mass ratio of the polyester chips to the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90-99:1-10.

[0015] As described above, the preparation method of a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber is a process in which polyester chips and antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches are melt-blended and spun to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber. The process is as follows: the polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches are melt-extruded, spun, cooled, wound, and formed in sequence through a screw extruder to obtain primary yarn.

[0016] The preparation method of a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described above, the process parameters of melt blending spinning include: screw zone one temperature 275°C-285°C, zone two temperature 280°C-290°C, zone three temperature 285°C-295°C, zone four temperature 290°C-300°C, zone five temperature 285°C-295°C, zone six temperature 280°C-290°C, spinning box temperature 285-295°C, spinneret is one of seven-hole 396-hole, conjoined W-shaped 244-hole and M-shaped 800-hole, pump supply 700-900g / min, pressure difference between annular air inlet and return air 600-750Pa, winding speed 950-1100m / min.

[0017] According to the method for preparing a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described above, the spun silk is subjected to bundling, drawing, tension heat setting, curling, oiling, drying and cutting to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber.

[0018] As described above, the preparation method of a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber, the process parameters of melt blending spinning include: the oil bath temperature in the first-level oil bath drawing is 60-65°C, the first-level drawing multiple is 2.8-3.2, the second-level drawing temperature is 100-120°C, the second-level drawing multiple is 1.0-1.1, the total drawing multiple is 3.08-3.52 times, and the tense heat setting temperature is 160-180°C.

[0019] The present invention also provides a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared by the preparation method of a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as described in any of the above items, which has a special-shaped structure, a large fiber specific surface area, a forming degree ≥85%, a fiber linear density of 3.33-11.11 dtex, an antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus greater than or equal to 99%, an anti-influenza A (H1N1) virus rate ≥99%, and a response time ≤30 min.

[0020] As the preferred technical solution:

[0021] The comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a fiber breaking strength of 3.5-4.5 cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 28.2-43.5%, a defect content of 5-50 mg / 100 g, a regain of 0.8-1.3%, a fiber air permeability of 100-200 mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 150-450 g / (m 2 ·24h).

[0022] Principle of the invention:

[0023] Through the melt blending spinning of polyester chips and antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch, the functional particles are evenly dispersed inside and on the surface of the fiber. When bacteria or viruses come into contact with the fiber surface, the antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients on its surface will quickly react with the cell membrane of the microorganism. These active substances can penetrate the cell membrane of the microorganism, destroy the stability of its internal structure, and cause the microorganism to die or lose its activity. Especially for viruses, this mechanism can effectively destroy the envelope structure of the virus and prevent it from invading the host cell. In addition to directly destroying the cell membrane of the microorganism, the antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients on the fiber surface can also combine with the metabolites or toxins of the microorganism by chemical adsorption, thereby neutralizing its toxicity and reducing its harm to human cells. This mechanism further enhances the protective effect of the fiber, allowing it to remain efficient and stable even in the face of complex microbial environments. In addition, the large specific surface area of ​​the fiber provides more physical adsorption points for adsorbing and capturing bacteria and viruses. When the fiber comes into contact with bacteria or viruses, it can quickly activate its antibacterial and antiviral mechanism. This rapid response characteristic enables the fiber to effectively kill microorganisms in a very short time, thereby reducing the survival time and transmission risk of microorganisms on textiles.

[0024] Compared with round fibers, after the fibers are processed with heterogeneous cross-sections, especially the seven-hole fibers, conjoined W-shaped fibers and M-shaped fibers of the present invention, their specific surface area and voids are significantly increased, so that the moisture regain of the fabric is increased, thereby improving the moisture absorption capacity of the fibers. In addition, the fine grooves of the fibers allow the sweat and moisture discharged from the surface of the skin to be instantly discharged through wicking, diffusion and conduction, thereby enhancing the sweat and moisture conduction function and breathability of the fabric.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The preparation method used in the present invention has low requirements on production equipment, high efficiency, and can be produced on a large scale.

[0027] (2) The comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared by the present invention improves the functionality and comfort of conventional antibacterial and antiviral fibers. The fiber has good air permeability and moisture absorption and perspiration properties while being highly effective in antibacterial and antiviral properties, further expanding the application of medical protective fiber products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 An optical microscope photograph of the cross-section of a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 2 An optical microscope photograph of the cross-section of a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared in Example 2.

[0030] Figure 3 An optical microscope photograph of the cross-section of a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0032] The following are the test methods for the relevant performance indicators in each embodiment and comparative example:

[0033] Intrinsic viscosity: Tested in accordance with GB / T 14190-2017 standard.

[0034] Melting point: Tested in accordance with GB / T 14190-2017 standard.

[0035] Breaking strength and breaking elongation: measured in accordance with GB / T 14337-2022, where the tensile speed is 30 mm / min.

[0036] Defect content: Determined in accordance with GB / T 14339-2008 standard.

[0037] Degree of irregularity: measured in accordance with FZ / T 50002-2013 standard.

[0038] Moisture regain: measured in accordance with GB / T 6503-2017 standard.

[0039] Antibacterial rate: measured in accordance with GB / T 20944.3-2008 standard.

[0040] Antiviral rate: measured in accordance with GB / T 43823-2024 standard.

[0041] Air permeability: measured in accordance with GB / T 5453-1997 standard.

[0042] Moisture permeability: measured in accordance with GB / T 12704.1-2009 standard.

[0043] Response time: Determine in accordance with GB / T 20944.3-2008 and GB / T 43823-2024 standards. Measure the number of bacterial colonies and virus activity after constant temperature incubation for 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, and 30min. The time corresponding to the antibacterial rate and antiviral rate ≥ 99% is the response time.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0046] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0047] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.65 dL / g, and the melting point is 256°C.

[0048] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0049] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90:10, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 275°C, zone 2 temperature 280°C, zone 3 temperature 285°C, zone 4 temperature 290°C, zone 5 temperature 285°C, zone 6 temperature 280°C, spinning box temperature 288°C, pump supply 740g / min, spinneret is seven hollow 396 holes, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 620Pa, and the winding speed is 1000m / min;

[0050] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0051] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 62℃, primary drafting multiple 3.06 times, secondary drafting temperature 110℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.08 times, total drafting multiple 3.31, tense heat setting temperature 170℃;

[0052] The comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special-shaped cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 6.66dtex, a breaking strength of 3.8cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 35.6%, a defect content of 11.2mg / 100g, a regain of 1.1%, an antibacterial rate of 99.9%, an antiviral rate of 99.6%, an air permeability of 166mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 371g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 20min.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0055] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0056] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 258°C.

[0057] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0058] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder is mixed with the polyester powder in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90:10, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 275°C, zone 2 temperature 280°C, zone 3 temperature 285°C, zone 4 temperature 290°C, zone 5 temperature 285°C, zone 6 temperature 280°C, spinning box temperature 288°C, pump supply 867g / min, spinneret is a conjoined Wang-shaped 244 holes, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 700Pa, and the winding speed is 950m / min;

[0059] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0060] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 65℃, primary drafting multiple 2.8 times, secondary drafting temperature 120℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.08, tense heat setting temperature 180℃;

[0061] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 11.11dtex, a breaking strength of 3.5cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 28.2%, a defect content of 50mg / 100g, a regain of 0.9%, an antibacterial rate of 99.4%, an antiviral rate of 99.2%, an air permeability of 100mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 80g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 25min.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0064] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0065] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 257°C.

[0066] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0067] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90:10, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 280°C, zone 2 temperature 285°C, zone 3 temperature 290°C, zone 4 temperature 295°C, zone 5 temperature 290°C, zone 6 temperature 285°C, spinning box temperature 292°C, pump supply 860g / min, spinneret is a cross-shaped 800 hole, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 730Pa, and the winding speed is 1100m / min;

[0068] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0069] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 63℃, primary drafting multiple 3.2 times, secondary drafting temperature 100℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.52, tense heat setting temperature 160℃;

[0070] The comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special-shaped cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 3.41dtex, a breaking strength of 4.3cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 40.7%, a defect content of 8.2mg / 100g, a regain of 1.2%, an antibacterial rate of 99.5%, an antiviral rate of 99.3%, an air permeability of 200mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 450g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 20min.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0073] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0074] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.65 dL / g, and the melting point is 256°C.

[0075] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0076] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 99:1, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 275°C, zone 2 temperature 280°C, zone 3 temperature 285°C, zone 4 temperature 290°C, zone 5 temperature 285°C, zone 6 temperature 280°C, spinning box temperature 285°C, pump supply 700g / min, spinneret is seven hollow 396 holes, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 600Pa, and the winding speed is 1000m / min;

[0077] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0078] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 62℃, primary drafting multiple 3.1 times, secondary drafting temperature 110℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.41, tense heat setting temperature 170℃;

[0079] The comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special-shaped cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 6.32dtex, a breaking strength of 3.9cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 36.2%, a defect content of 10.3mg / 100g, a regain of 1.1%, an antibacterial rate of 99.7%, an antiviral rate of 99.5%, an air permeability of 162mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 383g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 20min.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0082] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0083] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 258°C.

[0084] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0085] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder is mixed with the polyester powder in a mass ratio of 20:80, the mass ratio of the polyester slice to the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90:10, the amount of nano calcium stearate added is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of the melt blending spinning are: the temperature of the first zone of the screw is 275°C, the temperature of the second zone is 280°C, the temperature of the third zone is 285°C, the temperature of the fourth zone is 290°C, the temperature of the fifth zone is 285°C, the temperature of the sixth zone is 280°C, the temperature of the spinning box is 288°C, the pump supply is 860g / min, the spinneret is a conjoined Wang-shaped 244-hole, the pressure difference between the inlet and return air of the ring blowing is 690Pa, and the winding speed is 950m / min;

[0086] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0087] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 65℃, primary drafting multiple 2.9 times, secondary drafting temperature 120℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.19, tense heat setting temperature 180℃;

[0088] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 11.04dtex, a breaking strength of 3.6cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 29.8%, a defect content of 42mg / 100g, a regain of 0.9%, an antibacterial rate of 99.3%, an antiviral rate of 99.2%, an air permeability of 100mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 80g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 30min.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0091] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0092] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 257°C.

[0093] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0094] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 99:1, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 283°C, zone 2 temperature 288°C, zone 3 temperature 293°C, zone 4 temperature 298°C, zone 5 temperature 293°C, zone 6 temperature 288°C, spinning box temperature 293°C, pump supply 854g / min, spinneret is a cross-shaped 800 hole, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 720Pa, and the winding speed is 1100m / min;

[0095] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0096] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 63℃, primary drafting multiple 3.2 times, secondary drafting temperature 100℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.52, tense heat setting temperature 160℃;

[0097] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 3.39dtex, a breaking strength of 4.4cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 44.1%, a defect content of 7.7mg / 100g, a regain of 1.3%, an antibacterial rate of 99.4%, an antiviral rate of 99.2%, an air permeability of 190mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 400g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 25min.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0100] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0101] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.65 dL / g, and the melting point is 256°C.

[0102] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0103] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 20:80, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90:10, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 275°C, zone 2 temperature 280°C, zone 3 temperature 285°C, zone 4 temperature 290°C, zone 5 temperature 285°C, zone 6 temperature 280°C, spinning box temperature 286°C, pump supply 720g / min, spinneret is seven hollow 396 holes, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 610Pa, and the winding speed is 1000m / min;

[0104] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0105] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 62℃, primary drafting multiple 3.12 times, secondary drafting temperature 110℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.08 times, total drafting multiple 3.37, tense heat setting temperature 170℃;

[0106] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 6.45dtex, a breaking strength of 3.9cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 37.1%, a defect content of 9.0mg / 100g, a regain of 1.2%, an antibacterial rate of 99.6%, an antiviral rate of 99.5%, an air permeability of 173mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 367g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 25min.

[0107] Example 8

[0108] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0109] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0110] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 258°C.

[0111] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0112] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder is mixed with the polyester powder in a mass ratio of 30:70, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 99:1, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 275°C, zone 2 temperature 280°C, zone 3 temperature 285°C, zone 4 temperature 290°C, zone 5 temperature 285°C, zone 6 temperature 280°C, spinning box temperature 288°C, pump supply 858g / min, spinneret is a conjoined Wang-shaped 244 holes, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 680Pa, and the winding speed is 950m / min;

[0113] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0114] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 65℃, primary drafting multiple 2.9 times, secondary drafting temperature 120℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.19, tense heat setting temperature 180℃;

[0115] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 11.01dtex, a breaking strength of 3.7cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 30.3%, a defect content of 40mg / 100g, a regain of 0.9%, an antibacterial rate of 99.3%, an antiviral rate of 99.1%, an air permeability of 100mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 80g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 30min.

[0116] Example 9

[0117] A comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber and a preparation method thereof, the specific steps are as follows:

[0118] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0119] Polyester chips: The manufacturer is Jiangsu Shenghong Technology and Trade Co., Ltd., China, and the brand is M02; the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester chips is 0.66 dL / g, and the melting point is 257°C.

[0120] (2) The polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch are dried and then distributed by an injection machine and then enter a screw extruder for melt extrusion, spinning, cooling, winding, and molding to obtain comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral primary yarns;

[0121] Among them, the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder and the polyester powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 20:80, the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 99:1, the addition amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the process parameters of melt blending spinning are: screw zone 1 temperature 285°C, zone 2 temperature 290°C, zone 3 temperature 295°C, zone 4 temperature 300°C, zone 5 temperature 295°C, zone 6 temperature 290°C, spinning box temperature 295°C, pump supply 852g / min, spinneret is a cross-shaped 800 hole, the pressure difference between the annular blowing air inlet and return air is 750Pa, and the winding speed is 1100m / min;

[0122] (3) bundling, drawing, tense heat setting, curling, oiling, and relaxing heat setting the comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral primary silk to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber;

[0123] Among them, the process parameters of post-spinning drafting are: primary oil bath drafting oil bath temperature 63℃, primary drafting multiple 3.2 times, secondary drafting temperature 110℃, secondary drafting multiple 1.1 times, total drafting multiple 3.52, tense heat setting temperature 160℃;

[0124] Comfortable quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber has a special cross-sectional structure, a fiber linear density of 3.33dtex, a breaking strength of 4.5cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 43.5%, a defect content of 5mg / 100g, a regain of 1.3%, an antibacterial rate of 99.1%, an antiviral rate of 99.0%, an air permeability of 150mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 400g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 30min.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] A method for preparing a fiber, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the spinneret is a circular spinneret, the fiber breaking strength is 5.2 cN / dtex, the breaking elongation is 45.7%, the fiber regain is 0.4%, the antibacterial rate is 99.9%, the antiviral rate is 99.6%, the air permeability is 60 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 44 g / (m 2 ·24h), response time 30min.

[0127] Compared with Example 1, the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the fiber of Comparative Example 1 are improved, indicating that the round fiber can achieve good mechanical properties. This is because the force dispersion of the fiber with a circular cross-section is more uniform when subjected to force; however, the fiber moisture regain, air permeability and moisture permeability are significantly reduced. This is because compared with the fiber with a special-shaped cross-section, the fiber with a circular cross-section has a smaller specific surface area, which reduces the moisture regain of the fiber. At the same time, the gaps between the fibers are lower, resulting in a decrease in the air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] A method for preparing a fiber, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of polyester chips to antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 100:0, the fiber breaking strength is 4.8 cN / dtex, the breaking elongation is 45.5%, the regain is 1.3%, the antibacterial rate is 0%, the antiviral rate is 0%, the air permeability is 150 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 400 g / (m 2 ·24h).

[0130] Compared with Example 1, the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the fiber in Comparative Example 2 are improved, indicating that the addition of functional antibacterial and antiviral ions will cause the loss of mechanical properties of the fiber, but from Example 1, the loss of mechanical properties is not very high and will not affect the subsequent processing and application. In addition, compared with Example 1, the fiber without functional masterbatch has almost no antibacterial and antiviral properties, and the addition of functional particles has little effect on air permeability and moisture permeability, indicating that the comfort of the fiber is achieved through the design of special-shaped cross-section.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber, comprising melt-blending polyester chips and antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches, spinning the melt from a special-shaped spinneret with a large specific surface area, and then stretching and shaping the melt to obtain a comfortable and quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber.

2. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intrinsic viscosity of polyester chips is 0.65-0.70 dL / g and the melting point is 250-260°C.

3. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the functional antibacterial and antiviral powder is to disperse zirconium phosphate in ultrapure water, stir ultrasonically for 30 minutes, add EDTA, and place it in a 40°C water bath for 3 hours, continue to add CuSO4·5H2O and react for 30 minutes, then add 1.5mol / L NaOH solution and 0.1mol / L ascorbic acid aqueous solution for 1 hour. The Cu2O@ZrP hybrid material obtained by the reaction is separated by a centrifuge, washed with ultrapure water and anhydrous ethanol, and placed in a vacuum oven at 60°C for drying to obtain Cu2O@ZrP powder. The Cu2O@ZrP powder is dissolved in an ethanol aqueous solution and placed in a 60°C oil bath, n-propylamine is added for 1 hour, octadecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide is added for 6 hours, bromide ions are detected by AgNO3 solution, and then dried and ground to obtain functional antibacterial and antiviral powder.

4. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is as follows: functional antibacterial and antiviral powder is mixed with pretreated polyester powder in a mass ratio of 20-30:70-80, and after adding auxiliary agents and mixing evenly, the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is prepared after melt extrusion, cooling, granulation, sieving and drying.

5. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The added amount of nano calcium stearate is 0.004% of the weight of the polyester powder, and the mass ratio of the polyester slice to the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatch is 90-99:1-10.

6. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of melt-blending and spinning polyester chips and antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches to produce a comfortable, quick-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber is as follows: the polyester chips and the antibacterial and antiviral masterbatches are sequentially melt-extruded, spun, cooled, wound, and formed through a screw extruder to produce primary yarn.

7. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of melt blending spinning include: screw zone 1 temperature 275℃-285℃, zone 2 temperature 280℃-290℃, zone 3 temperature 285℃-295℃, zone 4 temperature 290℃-300℃, zone 5 temperature 285℃-295℃, zone 6 temperature 280℃-290℃, spinning box temperature 285-295℃, spinneret is one of seven holes 396 holes, conjoined W-shaped 244 holes and M-shaped 800 holes, pump supply 700-900g / min, pressure difference between annular air inlet and return air 600-750Pa, winding speed 950-1100m / min.

8. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spun silk is bundled, drawn, heat-set, curled, oiled, dried and cut to obtain a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber.

9. The method for preparing a comfortable, fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of melt blending spinning include: oil bath temperature of 60-65°C in primary oil bath drawing, primary drawing multiple of 2.8-3.2, secondary drawing temperature of 100-120°C, secondary drawing multiple of 1.0-1.1, total drawing multiple of 3.08-3.52 times, and tensile heat setting temperature of 160-180°C.

10. A comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber prepared by the method for preparing a comfortable and fast-response antibacterial and antiviral fiber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: It has a special-shaped structure, a large fiber specific surface area, a forming degree of ≥85%, a fiber linear density of 3.33-11.11dtex, an antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus of ≥99%, an anti-influenza virus rate of ≥99%, a response time of ≤30min, a fiber breaking strength of 3.5-4.5cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 28.2-43.5%, a defect content of 5-50mg / 100g, a regain of 0.8-1.3%, a fiber air permeability of 100-200mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 150-450g / (m 2 ·24h).

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