Column type rapid supporting device for mine roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mine roadway supporting, in particular to a mine roadway stand column type rapid supporting device, and provides a mine roadway stand column type rapid supporting device aiming at the problems that in the prior art, when a support is moved, repeated impact can be generated on a top plate, the top plate is prone to being damaged, and consequently the top plate is delaminated and falls off. A buffering part is installed at the upper end of the top plate supporting part and makes contact with a roadway top plate, the lower end of the base is slidably connected with a moving arm capable of moving leftwards, pushing jacks are hinged to the front end and the rear end of the moving arm respectively, and the other ends of the pushing jacks are hinged to the base. And floating is carried out according to different heights of the top of the roadway, the roadway top plate is effectively supported, the situation that the top plate supporting plate directly impacts the roadway top plate and damages the roadway top plate is avoided, and the phenomenon that the support is pressed due to too high mining height can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine tunnel support, in particular to a mine tunnel column type rapid support device. Background Art

[0002] In mining, mine tunnels serve as the main passages for pedestrians, transportation, ventilation and drainage. In the process of mining and excavation, in order to support the roof in the process of pushing the working face, ensure the safety of the working space, ease and reduce the movement of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, and prevent the scattered and damaged surrounding rock from falling, the tunnel will be continuously supported during the excavation process; with the rapid development of industrial technology, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel during the excavation and mining process and meet the needs of rapid support of the tunnel, the tunnel is generally supported by hydraulic supports. During the excavation of the tunnel boring machine, the hydraulic support is moved with the excavation of the tunnel boring machine, which has the effect of rapid support for the tunnel; however, the current hydraulic support mainly adopts the method of moving the top beam downward and then moving it forward as a whole during the frame moving process, and then pushing the top beam upward to support the top plate after the frame moving is completed. During the frame moving process, the repeated up and down movement of the top beam will produce repeated impacts on the top plate, which is easy to damage the top plate and cause the top plate to delaminate and fall off. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a column-type rapid support device for a mine tunnel, which effectively solves the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A column-type rapid support device for a mine tunnel comprises a base, a roof support part which can be raised and lowered and is located on the upper side of the base, and two first hydraulic pillars which are located between the base and the roof support part and support the roof support part, wherein a buffer part is installed on the upper end of the roof support part, and the buffer part contacts the tunnel roof, and a moving arm which can move to the left is slidably connected to the lower end of the base, and a push jack is respectively hinged at the front and rear ends of the moving arm, and the other end of the push jack is hinged to the base;

[0006] The top plate support part includes a top plate support plate and first push plates slidably connected to the left and right sides of the top plate support plate, and a reinforcement beam is fixedly connected between the left and right first push plates;

[0007] The buffer part includes a buffer plate and a second push plate installed on the left and right sides of the buffer plate, and the first push plates and the second push plates corresponding to each other are slidably connected to each other; a plurality of first hydraulic buffers are fixedly connected between the buffer plate and the top plate support plate, and the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the upper end of the first push plate are respectively hinged with the second hydraulic buffers, and the other ends of the second hydraulic buffers are respectively hinged with the second push plates;

[0008] A composite connecting rod structure is connected between the top beam support part and the base.

[0009] Preferably, the composite connecting rod structure includes side plates fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the lower end of the top plate, the lower surfaces of the side plates are respectively hinged with first parallel rods and second parallel rods arranged in parallel to each other, the lower ends of the first parallel rods and the second parallel rods on the same side are jointly hinged with a triangular plate, the front and rear sides of the upper end of the base are respectively hinged with first support rods and second support rods arranged in parallel to each other, the side surfaces of the first support rod and the second support rod away from the base are respectively hinged to the corresponding triangular plates, the end of the second support rod away from the base is respectively hinged with a transition rod, the other ends of the two corresponding front and rear transition rods are jointly fixedly connected with a support rod, and the support rods are respectively rotatably connected to the surface of the first parallel rod; the bottom of the first hydraulic support is hinged to the base, and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic support are respectively hinged to the support rods.

[0010] Preferably, the front and rear sides of the upper end of the movable arm are respectively hinged with the second connecting rod, the front and rear sides of the lower end of the first push plate on the left are respectively hinged with the first connecting rod, and the corresponding ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to each other; a reinforced hydraulic support is hinged between the upper and lower corresponding first connecting rods and the second connecting rods.

[0011] Preferably, the front and rear sides of the lower end of the movable arm are respectively fixedly connected with support rails, and the front and rear sides of the left end of the base are respectively opened to the right side with rail slide grooves corresponding to the support rails, and the support rails are slidably connected to the rail slide grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the right ends of the two second parallel rods are hinged to a protection beam, the front and rear sides of the right end of the first push plate on the right side are hinged to hinged rods respectively, and the other ends of the hinged rods are respectively hinged to the protection beams.

[0013] Preferably, guard plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the protection beam respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with limit sleeves and limit plates that are slidably connected to each other, the upper ends of the limit plates are respectively fixedly connected to the second push plates, the front and rear ends of the first push plate are respectively provided with connecting slide grooves along the length direction, the lower ends of the limit sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with connecting sliders, and the connecting sliders are respectively slidably connected to the connecting slide grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the left and right ends of the support plate and the buffer plate are respectively provided with rectangular grooves facing inward, a first cross rod is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the support plate, and a second cross rod is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the buffer plate. The surface of the first push plate is evenly provided with a plurality of first matching grooves with openings at both ends from front to back, and the first matching grooves are respectively arranged corresponding to the first cross rods. The surface of the second push plate is evenly provided with a plurality of second matching grooves with openings at both ends from front to back, and the second matching grooves are respectively arranged corresponding to the second cross rods.

[0016] Preferably, the left end of the movable arm is fixedly connected with a cleaning plate whose bottom is flush with the bottom of the supporting guide rail, and the upper side of the left end of the cleaning plate is provided with an inclined surface inclined to the right.

[0017] The present invention has novel structure, ingenious design, simple and convenient operation, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. When the device is in use, the supporting force acts on the tunnel roof through the buffer part. After being compressed, the buffer part can move downward a small distance to buffer the supporting force of the roof support plate. When the frame is moved, the buffer part can always press against the top of the tunnel and float according to the height of the tunnel top, so as to effectively support the tunnel roof, avoid the roof support plate directly impacting the tunnel roof and causing damage to the tunnel roof, and avoid the phenomenon of crushing the support due to excessive mining height;

[0019] 2. During the operation of the tunnel boring machine, the device can be pushed by controlling the push jack to move with the movement of the tunnel boring machine. During the frame movement process, the first push plate will first move to the left to increase the support area, and then the top plate support plate and the buffer plate will be driven to move when the base moves, so as to achieve the effect of gradual frame movement and ensure the stability of the tunnel top plate during frame movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a first schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a fourth schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the roof support part and the buffer part of a column-type rapid support device for a mine tunnel.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a first schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first push plate and the second push plate of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a second schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first push plate and the second push plate of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a third schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first push plate and the second push plate of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a first schematic diagram of a composite connecting rod structure of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first hydraulic support of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device.

[0030] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first link rod and the second link rod of a mine tunnel column type rapid support device.

[0031] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the protection beam of a mine tunnel column-type rapid support device.

[0032] Numbers in the figure: 1-base, 2-top plate support plate, 3-buffer plate, 4-side plate, 5-first support rod, 6-second support rod, 7-triangular plate, 8-transition rod, 9-first parallel rod, 10-second parallel rod, 11-first hydraulic support, 12-first connecting rod, 13-second connecting rod, 14-moving arm, 15-pushing jack, 16-reinforcement hydraulic support, 17-first hydraulic buffer, 18-first push plate, 19-second push plate, 20-reinforcement beam, 21-limiting sleeve, 22-limiting plate, 23-second hydraulic buffer, 26-first cross rod, 27-second cross rod, 28-second matching groove, 29-first matching groove, 30-support guide rail, 31-guide rail slide groove, 32-hinged rod, 33-protective beam, 34-guard plate, 35-cleaning plate, 36-second hydraulic support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a column-type rapid support device for a mine tunnel, comprising a base 1, a roof support part that can be raised and lowered and located on the upper side of the base 1, and two first hydraulic pillars 11 that are located between the base 1 and the roof support part and support the roof support part. A construction channel for a tunneling machine is provided between the base 1, and a buffer part is installed on the upper end of the roof support part, and the buffer part is in contact with the tunnel roof. When in use, the device supports the roof support plate 2 through the first hydraulic pillar 11, and the supporting force of the tunnel roof comes from the roof support part. The roof support plate 2 supports upward, and the supporting force acts on the tunnel roof through the buffer part to support the tunnel roof. After being compressed, the buffer part can move downward a small distance to buffer the supporting force of the roof support plate 2, thereby avoiding the roof support plate 2 directly impacting the tunnel roof and causing damage to the tunnel roof, and avoiding the phenomenon of the support being crushed due to excessive mining height; the lower end of the base 1 is slidably connected with a moving arm 14 that can move to the left side, The front and rear ends of the moving arm 14 are respectively hinged with a push jack 15, and the other end of the push jack 15 is hinged with the base 1. The push jack 15 is used to push the moving arm 14 to move forward, and then pull the base 1 to move forward after the moving arm 14 moves forward, so as to facilitate the frame moving. When the frame is moved, the buffer part can always press against the top of the tunnel, and float according to the different heights of the top of the tunnel, so that the buffer part always applies pressure to the top of the tunnel, which can effectively avoid repeated impacts on the tunnel roof during the frame moving, resulting in the situation that the tunnel roof falls off, and when the buffer part moves up and down during the movement, the friction force on the tunnel roof and the frame moving resistance during the frame moving can be reduced, which is convenient for frame moving and reduces the wear of the tunnel; because the telescopic end of the push jack 15 is connected with the moving arm 14, when in use, the push jack 15 is controlled to extend to push the moving arm 14 to move forward, and then when the push jack 15 is reset, the base 1 can be pulled to move to the left side, so as to achieve the effect of frame moving;

[0035] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the pressure on the tunnel is maintained continuously and stably when the frame is moved to avoid impacting the tunnel roof, the roof support portion includes a roof support plate 2 and a first push plate 18 slidably connected to the left and right sides of the roof support plate 2, and a reinforcement beam 20 is fixedly connected between the left and right first push plates 18;

[0036] The buffer part includes a buffer plate 3 and a second push plate 19 installed on the left and right sides of the buffer plate 3, and the first push plate 18 and the second push plate 19 corresponding to each other are slidably connected to each other; a plurality of first hydraulic buffers 17 are fixedly connected between the buffer plate 3 and the top plate support plate 2, and the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the upper end of the first push plate 18 are respectively hinged with the second hydraulic buffer 23, and the other ends of the second hydraulic buffer 23 are respectively hinged with the second push plate 19, and the supporting force of the top plate support plate 2 acts on the top plate of the tunnel through the first hydraulic buffer 17 and the second hydraulic buffer 23, and the first hydraulic buffer 17 and the second hydraulic buffer 23 rely on hydraulic damping to resist the impact generated by the top plate support plate 2 during initial support The impact force is buffered, and when the frame is moved, the pressure difference caused by the different heights of the tunnel top can be compensated by the corresponding contraction of the first hydraulic buffer 17 and the second hydraulic buffer 23, so that pressure is always generated on the tunnel top, and the tunnel top is effectively supported and protected; and in order to further improve the stability of the top plate support part, a composite connecting rod structure is connected between the top beam support part and the base 1, and the composite connecting rod structure is synchronously stretched when the top plate support part is raised or lowered, so that the stability of the top plate support part during support is enhanced by the composite connecting rod structure, and when the buffer part is subjected to the pressure of the tunnel roof, it can not only be buffered by the first hydraulic buffer 17, but the composite connecting rod structure can also disperse the load to improve the support effect.

[0037] like Figure 4As shown, the composite connecting rod structure includes a side plate 4 fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the lower end of the top plate, and the lower surface of the side plate 4 is respectively hinged with a first parallel rod 9 and a second parallel rod 10 arranged in parallel with each other. The lower ends of the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 on the same side are jointly hinged with a triangular plate 7. The first parallel rod 9, the second parallel rod 10, the top plate support plate 2 and the triangular plate 7 form a parallelogram structure. Under the support and limitation of the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10, the top plate support plate 2 is in a state of being parallel to the tunnel top plate; the front and rear sides of the upper end of the base 1 are respectively hinged with a first support rod 5 and a second support rod 6 arranged in parallel with each other. The side surface away from the base 1 is hinged to the corresponding triangular plate 7 respectively. The first support rod 5, the second support rod 6, the base 1 and the triangular plate 7 also form a parallelogram structure. The end of the second support rod 6 away from the base 1 is hinged to a transition rod 8 respectively. The other ends of the two corresponding transition rods 8 are fixedly connected to a support rod, and the support rods are respectively rotatably connected to the surface of the first parallel rod 9; the bottom of the first hydraulic support 11 is hinged to the base 1, and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic support 11 are respectively hinged to the support rods. The first hydraulic support 11 acts as the main supporting force. When the first hydraulic support extends upward, it can push the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 on the upper side through the connection with the support rod. The first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 swing upward in a circle, and at the same time, the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 drive the first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 on the lower side to swing upward in a circle through the transmission of the transition rod 8. Moreover, since the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 swing upward in a circle, they also drive the top plate support plate 2 to move to the right while moving upward. Therefore, the first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 can drive the first parallel rod 9, the second parallel rod 10 and the top plate support plate 2 to move to the left synchronously through the triangular plate 7 when the first support rod 5 and the second support rod 6 swing upward in a circle, thereby compensating for the displacement of the top plate support plate 2 caused by the swinging of the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10. distance, so that the top plate support plate 2 is in a vertical lifting state under the support of the first hydraulic pillar 11, and vertical pressure support is performed to ensure the supporting effect; further, in order to improve the safety of the top plate support plate 2 during support, the front and rear sides of the base 1 are respectively hinged with second hydraulic pillars 36, and the second hydraulic pillars 36 are respectively located on the left side of the first hydraulic pillar 11. When the first hydraulic pillar 11 is extended or retracted, the second hydraulic pillar 36 will also be extended or retracted synchronously, without affecting the swinging state of the first parallel rod 9 and the second parallel rod 10 driven by the first hydraulic pillar 11. When the first hydraulic pillar 11 fails, the second hydraulic pillar 36 can support the top plate support plate 2 to play a safety effect.

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in order to increase the protection area of ​​the tunnel roof when the frame is moved and to improve the stability of the tunnel roof when the frame is moved, the front and rear sides of the upper end of the moving arm 14 are respectively hinged with the second connecting rod 13, and the front and rear sides of the lower end of the first push plate 18 on the left are respectively hinged with the first connecting rod 12, and the corresponding ends of the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13 are hinged to each other. Under the linkage action of the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13, when the moving arm 14 moves, it can synchronously drive the first push plate 18 on the left to move, and under the linkage of the reinforcement plate, the right side The push plate can move with the first push plate 18 on the left side, so that the first push plate 18 first moves to the left side to increase the supporting area, and then drives the top plate support plate 2 and the buffer plate 3 to move when the base 1 moves, so as to achieve the effect of gradually moving the frame; a reinforced hydraulic support 16 is hinged between the first and second linkage rods 12 and 13 corresponding to the upper and lower parts; the reinforced hydraulic support can fix the first linkage rod 12 and the second linkage rod 13, improve the linkage effect of the first linkage rod 12 and the second linkage rod 13, and when moving the frame, such as Fig.12 As shown, the push jack 15 is in a state where the telescopic end is tilted upward. When the push jack 15 pushes the moving arm 14 to move, the pressure fixing rod fixes the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13, and the pressure mainly acts on the base 1, so that the friction between the base 1 and the ground is increased, which is convenient for driving the first push plate 18 and the second push plate 19 to move under the transmission of the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13. When the push jack 15 drives the base 1 to move, the reinforced hydraulic support 16 pressurizes the first connecting rod 12 and the second connecting rod 13, increases the pressure of the moving arm 14 on the ground, and thus improves the moving arm 14. The friction between the arm 14 and the ground can then drive the base 1 to move forward when the push jack 15 pulls the base 1; and when transferring the device, in order to prevent the movable arm 14 from separating from the base 1 and affecting the transfer efficiency, the front and rear sides of the lower end of the movable arm 14 are respectively fixedly connected with support rails 30, and the front and rear sides of the left end of the base 1 are respectively opened to the right side with guide rail grooves 31 corresponding to the support rails 30. The support rails 30 are slidably connected to the guide rail grooves 31, which not only facilitates the movement between the movable arm 14 and the base 1, but also allows the movable arm 14 and the base 1 to remain in a connected state, thereby facilitating transfer.

[0039] A protective beam 33 is hinged at the right end of the two second parallel rods 10 for bearing the pressure of collapsed roof rock and preventing falling waste rock from the goaf from entering the construction channel between the bases 1 and affecting the construction. The front and rear sides of the right end of the first sliding plate 18 on the right are hinged with hinged rods 32 respectively, and the other ends of the hinged rods 32 are hinged to the protective beams 33 respectively. When the first sliding plate 18 moves during the frame shifting process, the protective beam 33 can also swing synchronously under the linkage of the hinged rod 32 to maintain the protective effect. Furthermore, the front and rear ends of the protective beam 33 are respectively fixedly connected with guard plates 34 for protecting the sides of the protective beam 33 and preventing falling waste rock from entering the construction channel through the sides.

[0040] The left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the first push plate 18 and the second push plate 19 are respectively provided with a limit sleeve 21 and a limit plate 22 that are slidably connected to each other, and the upper ends of the limit plates 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the second push plates 19, and under the action of the sliding connection between the limit sleeve 21 and the limit plate 22, the second push plate 19 is stably slidably connected to the first push plate 18, thereby improving the stability of the second push plate 19; the front and rear ends of the first push plate 18 are respectively provided with connecting grooves along the length direction, and the lower ends of the limit sleeves 21 are respectively fixedly connected with connecting sliders, and the connecting sliders are respectively slidably connected to the connecting grooves. Under the sliding connection between the connecting sliders and the connecting grooves, it is convenient to maintain the connection effect with the second push plate 19 when the first push plate 18 moves outward, thereby maintaining the vertical limiting effect of the limit sleeve 21 and the limit plate 22.

[0041] The left and right ends of the support plate 2 and the buffer plate 3 are respectively provided with rectangular grooves inwardly, a first cross bar 26 is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the support plate 2, and a second cross bar 27 is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the buffer plate 3. The surface of the first push plate 18 is evenly provided with a plurality of first matching grooves 29 with openings at both ends from front to back, and the first matching grooves 29 are respectively arranged corresponding to the first cross bars 26. Under the staggered engagement of the first matching grooves 29 and the first cross bars 26, the first push plate 18 can be installed on the top plate support The inner side of the plate 2 is overlapped with the top plate support plate 2, and the surface of the second push plate 19 is evenly provided with a plurality of second matching grooves 28 with openings at both ends from front to back, and the second matching grooves 28 are respectively arranged corresponding to the second cross rods 27. Under the staggered engagement of the second matching grooves 28 and the second cross rods 27, the second push plate can also be installed on the inner side of the buffer plate 3 and overlapped with the buffer plate 3, so as to facilitate the movement of the top plate support plate 2 and the buffer plate 3 when the frame is moved while maintaining sufficient support for the tunnel top plate, and maintain the support range when the frame is moved.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to improve the stability of the moving frame and prevent the presence of debris on the moving road from affecting the stability of the moving frame, the left end of the moving arm 14 is fixedly connected to a cleaning plate 35 whose bottom is flush with the bottom of the support guide rail 30, and the upper side of the left end of the cleaning plate 35 is provided with an inclined surface inclined to the right. When the moving arm 14 moves, the cleaning plate 35 can remove debris on the moving road, maintain the stability of the moving frame, and ensure the safety of the device when in use.

[0043] When in use, the device is placed on the upper side of the tunnel boring machine, and the top plate support plate 2 is supported by the first hydraulic support 11. The supporting force of the tunnel roof comes from the top plate support part, and the top plate support plate 2 is supported upward. The supporting force acts on the tunnel roof through the buffer part to support the tunnel roof. The buffer part can move downward a small distance after being compressed to buffer the supporting force of the top plate support plate 2, thereby avoiding the top plate support plate 2 from directly impacting the tunnel roof and causing damage to the tunnel roof, and can also avoid the phenomenon of crushing the support due to excessive mining height. During the operation of the tunnel boring machine, the device can be pushed by controlling the push jack 15 to move along with the movement of the tunnel boring machine. The frame is moved dynamically. During the moving process, the first push plate 18 will first move to the left to increase the support area, and then the top plate support plate 2 and the buffer plate 3 will be driven to move when the base 1 moves, so as to achieve the effect of gradually moving the frame and ensure the stability of the tunnel roof when the frame is moved; and when the frame is moved, the buffer part can always be pressed against the top of the tunnel and float according to the height of the top of the tunnel to effectively support the tunnel roof. During the moving process, the cleaning plate 35 can remove debris on the moving path to maintain the stability of the moving frame. The protective beam 33 can bear the pressure of the collapsed top plate rock to prevent the gangue from falling from the goaf from entering the construction channel between the bases 1 and affecting the construction.

[0044] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A column-type rapid support device for a mine tunnel, comprising a base (1), a roof support portion located on the upper side of the base (1) and capable of being raised and lowered, and two first hydraulic supports (11) located between the base (1) and the roof support portion and supporting the roof support portion, characterized in that: A buffer portion is installed at the upper end of the roof support portion, and the buffer portion contacts the tunnel roof. The lower end of the base (1) is slidably connected to a moving arm (14) that can move to the left. The front and rear ends of the moving arm (14) are respectively hinged with a push jack (15), and the other end of the push jack (15) is hinged to the base (1); The top plate support portion comprises a top plate support plate (2) and first push plates (18) slidably connected to the left and right sides of the top plate support plate (2), and a reinforcement beam (20) is fixedly connected between the left and right first push plates (18); The buffer part comprises a buffer plate (3) and a second push plate (19) installed on the left and right sides of the buffer plate (3); the first push plate (18) and the second push plate (19) corresponding to each other are slidably connected to each other; a plurality of first hydraulic buffers (17) are fixedly connected between the buffer plate (3) and the top plate support plate (2); the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the upper end of the first push plate (18) are respectively hinged with second hydraulic buffers (23); and the other ends of the second hydraulic buffers (23) are respectively hinged with the second push plate (19); A composite connecting rod structure is connected between the top beam support portion and the base (1).

2. A mine tunnel column type rapid support device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite connecting rod structure comprises a side plate (4) fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the lower end of the top plate, the lower surface of the side plate (4) is respectively hinged with a first parallel rod (9) and a second parallel rod (10) arranged in parallel with each other, the lower ends of the first parallel rod (9) and the second parallel rod (10) on the same side are jointly hinged with a triangular plate (7), the front and rear sides of the upper end of the base (1) are respectively hinged with a first support rod (5) and a second support rod (6) arranged in parallel with each other, the first support rod (5) and the second support rod (6) are respectively hinged with the corresponding triangular plate (7) on the side surface away from the base (1), the second support rod (6) is respectively hinged with a transition rod (8) at one end away from the base (1), the other ends of the two corresponding transition rods (8) are jointly fixedly connected with a support rod, and the support rods are respectively rotatably connected to the surface of the first parallel rod (9); the bottom of the first hydraulic support (11) is hinged with the base (1), and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic support (11) are respectively hinged with the support rods.

3. A quick supporting device for a mine tunnel column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the upper end of the movable arm (14) are respectively hinged with a second connecting rod (13); the front and rear sides of the lower end of the left first push plate (18) are respectively hinged with a first connecting rod (12); the corresponding ends of the first connecting rod (12) and the second connecting rod (13) are hinged to each other; a reinforced hydraulic support (16) is hinged between the upper and lower corresponding first connecting rods (12) and second connecting rods (13).

4. A mine tunnel column type rapid support device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the lower end of the movable arm (14) are respectively fixedly connected with a support rail (30), and the front and rear sides of the left end of the base (1) are respectively opened to the right with a rail slide groove (31) corresponding to the support rail (30), and the support rail (30) is slidably connected with the rail slide groove (31).

5. A mine tunnel column type rapid support device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The right ends of the two second parallel rods (10) are hinged to a protection beam (33), and the front and rear sides of the right end of the first push plate (18) on the right side are respectively hinged to hinge rods (32), and the other ends of the hinge rods (32) are respectively hinged to the protection beams (33).

6. A mine tunnel column type rapid support device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Guard plates (34) are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the protection beam (33) respectively.

7. A quick supporting device for a mine tunnel column according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting sleeve (21) and a limiting plate (22) which are slidably connected to each other are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the first push plate (18) and the second push plate (19); the upper end of the limiting plate (22) is respectively fixedly connected to the second push plate (19); the front and rear ends of the first push plate (18) are respectively provided with connecting sliding grooves along the length direction; the lower end of the limiting sleeve (21) is respectively fixedly connected to a connecting sliding block, and the connecting sliding block is respectively slidably connected to the connecting sliding groove.

8. A quick supporting device for a mine tunnel column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the support plate (2) and the buffer plate (3) are respectively provided with rectangular grooves inwardly, a first cross bar (26) is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the support plate (2), and a second cross bar (27) is formed between every two rectangular grooves on the surface of the buffer plate (3). The surface of the first push plate (18) is respectively provided with a plurality of first matching grooves (29) with openings at both ends evenly from front to back, and the first matching grooves (29) are respectively arranged corresponding to the first cross bars (26). The surface of the second push plate (19) is respectively provided with a plurality of second matching grooves (28) with openings at both ends evenly from front to back, and the second matching grooves (28) are respectively arranged corresponding to the second cross bars (27).

9. A quick supporting device for a mine tunnel column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the movable arm (14) is fixedly connected with a cleaning plate (35) whose bottom is flush with the bottom of the supporting guide rail (30), and the upper side of the left end of the cleaning plate (35) is provided with an inclined surface inclined to the right.

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