Energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion, and relates to the technical field of energy-saving boilers. The energy-saving boiler capable of achieving sufficient combustion comprises a boiler body, a material conveying pipe, a material distributing hopper, a fire grate and an air supply assembly, the boiler body is provided with a first combustion chamber and a feeding port, the material conveying pipe is arranged corresponding to the feeding port and provided with a discharging port, and part of the material conveying pipe extends into the first combustion chamber and is obliquely arranged; the material distributing hopper is arranged corresponding to the material discharging opening, the diameter of the section of the material distributing hopper is increased in the direction away from the material discharging opening, the material distributing hopper is used for distributing the solid fuel discharged by the material conveying pipe, a plurality of through holes allowing part of the solid fuel to pass through are formed in the material distributing hopper at intervals, and the fire grate is arranged below the material distributing hopper. The air supply assembly comprises a first air inlet pipe communicating with the first combustion chamber. According to the energy-saving boiler capable of achieving sufficient combustion, solid fuel can be screened, the solid fuel is prevented from being accumulated in the boiler, sufficient combustion of the solid fuel is achieved, and the fuel utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving boilers, and in particular to an energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion. Background Art

[0002] In a thermal power station, the boiler serves as an energy conversion device. Through the combustion of solid block fuels such as coal and charcoal, the boiler outputs steam with a certain amount of thermal energy, which is converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device, and finally converted into electrical energy through a generator.

[0003] However, during the operation of the boiler, a large amount of solid fuel accumulates in the furnace, the solid fuel is not burned fully, the fuel utilization rate is low, and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide are easily produced, resulting in energy waste. The emission of harmful gases will pollute the environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion, which can screen solid fuel to avoid accumulation of solid fuel in the boiler, achieve sufficient combustion of solid fuel, and improve fuel utilization.

[0006] The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0007] A furnace body, wherein the furnace body has a first combustion chamber, a water storage bin is provided on the top of the first combustion chamber, the water storage bin is connected with a water inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe extending out of the furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a feed port, an ash discharge port and a smoke exhaust port;

[0008] A feed pipe and a distribution hopper, wherein the feed pipe is arranged corresponding to the feed inlet and has a discharge port, a portion of the feed pipe extends into the first combustion chamber and is arranged obliquely in the first combustion chamber, the feed pipe is used to transport solid fuel, the distribution hopper is arranged corresponding to the discharge port and is a cone, the distribution hopper is arranged in the up-down direction and the cross-sectional diameter of the distribution hopper increases in the direction away from the discharge port, the distribution hopper is used to divert the solid fuel discharged from the feed pipe, and a plurality of perforations are arranged at intervals on the distribution hopper, and the perforations are used to allow part of the solid fuel to pass through;

[0009] A grate, the grate is arranged in the first combustion chamber corresponding to the distribution hopper and is located below the distribution hopper;

[0010] The air supply assembly includes a first air inlet pipe, the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body and communicates with the first combustion chamber, and the position where the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body is located on the side of the grate away from the distribution hopper.

[0011] The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion in the embodiment of the present invention can screen the solid fuel to avoid the accumulation of the solid fuel in the boiler, thereby achieving sufficient combustion of the solid fuel and improving the fuel utilization rate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the water storage bin is annular, a second combustion chamber is provided inside the water storage bin, the second combustion chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe extending out of the furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a return air duct connected to the smoke exhaust port, the other end of the return air duct is connected to the second combustion chamber, the air supply assembly includes a second air inlet pipe, and the second air inlet pipe is connected to the second combustion chamber.

[0013] In some embodiments, there is a set distance between the outer wall of the water storage bin and the inner wall of the furnace body, a dust filter is provided between the water storage bin and the furnace body, and the dust filter is provided on a side of the smoke exhaust port close to the distribution hopper.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first filter and a first negative pressure fan are sequentially provided on the return air duct, the first filter is used to filter the gas in the return air duct, and the first negative pressure fan is used to extract the gas in the first combustion chamber.

[0015] In some embodiments, the air supply assembly includes a second filter and a second negative pressure fan, the second filter is arranged at the air inlet end of the second negative pressure fan, and the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are connected to the exhaust end of the second negative pressure fan.

[0016] In some embodiments, a material guide pipe is included, wherein the material guide pipe is disposed at the discharge port and is connected to the feed pipe, and the material guide pipe extends in an up-down direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the material guide pipe is a round tube, and the material guide pipe is coaxially arranged with the material distribution hopper.

[0018] In some embodiments, the discharge port is rotatably provided with a baffle, and the baffle is used to block the discharge port without the action of external force and to open the discharge port under the action of the solid fuel.

[0019] In some embodiments, an ash collecting plate is included, which is arranged at an angle and has air holes. The ash collecting plate is used to receive burnt solid fuel. The ash collecting plate, the furnace body and the grate limit the ash storage cavity. The position where the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body is arranged on the side of the ash collecting plate away from the grate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the perforations are arranged in multiple layers on the distribution hopper along the up-down direction, and the diameter of the perforations in each layer increases in a direction away from the discharge port. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] Furnace body 1; first combustion chamber 11; feed port 12; ash discharge port 13; smoke discharge port 14; dust filter 15;

[0024] Feed pipe 2; discharge port 21; baffle 22;

[0025] The material distribution hopper 3; the perforation 31;

[0026] Grate 4;

[0027] Air supply assembly 5; first air inlet pipe 51; second air inlet pipe 52; second filter 53; second negative pressure fan 54;

[0028] Water storage tank 6; water inlet pipe 61; exhaust pipe 62; second combustion chamber 63; exhaust pipe 64;

[0029] Return air duct 7; first filter 71; first negative pressure fan 72;

[0030] Feeding pipe 8;

[0031] Ash collecting plate 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion in the embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body 1, a feed pipe 2, a distribution hopper 3, a grate 4 and an air supply assembly 5. The height direction of the furnace body 1 is defined as the up and down direction. The furnace body 1 has a first combustion chamber 11. A water storage tank 6 is provided on the top of the first combustion chamber 11. The water storage tank 6 is connected to a water inlet pipe 61 and an exhaust pipe 62 extending out of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is provided with a feed port 12, an ash discharge port 13 and a smoke exhaust port 14. The feed pipe 2 is arranged corresponding to the feed port 12 and has a discharge port 21. Part of the feed pipe 2 extends into the first combustion chamber 11 and is arranged obliquely in the first combustion chamber 11. The feed pipe 2 is used to transport solid fuel. The distribution hopper 3 corresponds to the discharge port 13. 21 is set and is a conical cylinder, the dividing hopper 3 is set in the up and down direction and the cross-sectional diameter of the dividing hopper 3 increases in the direction away from the discharge port 21, the dividing hopper 3 is used to receive the solid fuel discharged from the feeding pipe 2 and divert the solid fuel discharged from the feeding pipe 2, and a plurality of perforations 31 are arranged at intervals on the dividing hopper 3, and the perforations 31 are used to allow part of the solid fuel to pass through. The grate 4 is arranged in the first combustion chamber 11 corresponding to the dividing hopper 3 and is located below the dividing hopper 3, and the air supply assembly 5 includes a first air inlet pipe 51, the first air inlet pipe 51 is connected to the furnace body 1 and is connected to the first combustion chamber 11, and the position where the first air inlet pipe 51 is connected to the furnace body 1 is located on the side of the grate 4 away from the dividing hopper 3.

[0034] When the energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the solid fuel put into the furnace body 1 is discharged at the discharge port 21 through the feed pipe 2, the distribution hopper 3 receives the discharged solid fuel, and guides the falling direction of the solid fuel through the conical surface, so that the solid fuel falls in a diffuse manner after passing through the conical surface of the distribution hopper 3. The conical surface of the distribution hopper 3 is provided with a perforation 31. When the solid fuel moves along the conical surface of the distribution hopper 3, some solid fuel with a size smaller than the perforation 31 falls directly through the perforation 31, thereby realizing the screening of the solid fuel. , and the solid fuel can fall evenly on the grate 4, and the gas is transported to the first combustion chamber 11 under the grate 4 through the first air inlet pipe 51 to ensure the oxygen required for the combustion of the solid fuel, and the air transported to the grate 4 through the first air inlet pipe 51 can impact the solid fuel to ensure the full combustion of the solid fuel, and water is transported to the water storage tank 6 through the water inlet pipe 61. The heat generated in the first combustion chamber 11 heats the water storage tank 6, and the water in the water storage tank 6 boils to generate steam and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 62.

[0035] The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion in the embodiment of the present invention can screen the solid fuel to avoid the accumulation of the solid fuel in the boiler, thereby achieving sufficient combustion of the solid fuel and improving the fuel utilization rate.

[0036] Optionally, the distribution hopper 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 1 via transverse connecting ribs.

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the water storage bin 6 is annular, and a second combustion chamber 63 is provided inside the water storage bin 6. The second combustion chamber 63 is provided with an exhaust pipe 64 extending out of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is provided with a return air duct 7 connected to the smoke exhaust port 14, and the other end of the return air duct 7 is connected to the second combustion chamber 63. The air supply assembly 5 includes a second air inlet pipe 52, and the second air inlet pipe 52 is connected to the second combustion chamber 63.

[0038] Specifically, the water storage tank 6 includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a first ring cylinder and a second ring cylinder. The first ring cylinder and the second ring cylinder are coaxially arranged and have the same height. The top plate and the bottom plate are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first ring cylinder and seal the two ends of the first ring cylinder. A water storage cavity is limited between the first ring cylinder, the second ring cylinder, the top plate and the bottom plate. A second combustion chamber 63 is limited between the second ring cylinder, the top plate and the bottom plate. The return air duct 7 transports the gas in the first combustion chamber 11 to the second combustion chamber 63 through the smoke exhaust port 14, and transports air to the second combustion chamber 63 through the second air inlet pipe 52. The incompletely burned combustible gas is ignited in the second combustion chamber 63 to achieve secondary combustion, further achieving full combustion of the solid fuel, and the water storage tank 6 can be directly heated by the second combustion chamber 63 to improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0039] Optionally, the exhaust pipe 64 is connected to a flue gas purification device to prevent the gas after secondary combustion from containing components that pollute the atmosphere.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, there is a set distance between the outer wall of the water storage bin 6 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 , a dust filter 15 is provided between the water storage bin 6 and the furnace body 1 , and the dust filter 15 is provided on one side of the smoke exhaust port 14 close to the distribution hopper 3 .

[0041] By setting a gap between the outer wall of the water storage tank 6 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1, the gas after the solid fuel is burned can heat the water storage tank 6 through the gap, and at the same time it is convenient to extract the unburned gas, so that the unburned gas can be fully burned in the second combustion chamber 63, thereby improving energy utilization. Preliminary filtration of the gas through the dust filter 15 can ensure the cleanliness and combustion safety in the second combustion chamber 63.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the return air duct 7 is provided with a first filter 71 and a first negative pressure fan 72 in sequence. The first filter 71 is used to filter the gas in the return air duct 7, and the first negative pressure fan 72 is used to extract the gas in the first combustion chamber 11. The gas in the first combustion chamber 11 is extracted by the first negative pressure fan 72, so as to further increase the gas fluidity in the first combustion chamber 11, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of solid combustion, and ensuring that the gas generated by incomplete combustion is transported to the second combustion chamber 63, so as to facilitate the secondary combustion. The first filter 71 is arranged between the first negative pressure fan 72 and the smoke exhaust port 14, so as to facilitate filtering of the gas and extend the service life of the first negative pressure fan 72.

[0043] Optionally, a filter element structure is adopted inside the first filter 71 .

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the air supply assembly 5 includes a second filter 53 and a second negative pressure fan 54. The second filter 53 is arranged at the air inlet end of the second negative pressure fan 54. The first air inlet pipe 51 and the second air inlet pipe 52 are connected to the exhaust end of the second negative pressure fan 54. The air supply to the first combustion chamber 11 and the second combustion chamber 63 is ensured by the second negative pressure fan 54. The second filter 53 adsorbs and filters the air entering the second negative pressure fan 54, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the air discharged by the second negative pressure fan 54.

[0045] Optionally, activated carbon is used inside the second filter 53 for physical adsorption.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, it includes a guide pipe 8, which is arranged at the discharge port 21 and is connected to the feed pipe 2. The guide pipe 8 extends in the up and down directions. By setting the guide pipe 8, the falling direction of the solid fuel discharged from the discharge port 21 is constrained, thereby further improving the diversion and guiding effect of the distribution hopper 3 on the solid fuel, ensuring that the solid fuel falls evenly on the grate 4.

[0047] In some embodiments, the material guide tube 8 is a circular tube, and the material guide tube 8 is coaxially arranged with the distribution hopper 3. By setting the material guide tube 8 as a circular tube, it is convenient to align the axis of the material guide tube 8 with the axis of the distribution hopper 3, further increasing the diversion and guiding effect of the distribution hopper 3 on the solid fuel.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the discharge port 21 is rotatably provided with a baffle 22. In the absence of external force, the baffle 22 rests against the discharge port 21 by its own gravity to achieve the blocking of the discharge port 21. At this time, the gas in the first combustion chamber 11 can be prevented from entering the atmosphere through the delivery pipe 2, thereby reducing the impact of the boiler on the atmospheric environment during use. When adding solid fuel, the solid fuel applies thrust to the baffle 22 when sliding along the delivery pipe 2, driving the baffle 22 to rotate, thereby opening the discharge port 21 and allowing the solid fuel to enter the first combustion chamber 11, which is safe and reliable.

[0049] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, it includes an ash collecting plate 9, which is arranged at an angle and has air holes. The ash collecting plate 9 is used to receive the burned solid fuel. The ash collecting plate 9, the furnace body 1 and the grate 4 limit the ash storage cavity. The position where the first air inlet pipe 51 is connected to the furnace body 1 is arranged on the side of the ash collecting plate 9 away from the grate 4.

[0050] Specifically, the ash discharge port 13 is arranged on the side of the ash collecting plate 9 away from the first air inlet pipe 51. After the solid fuel on the grate 4 is completely burned, slag ash is generated, and the slag ash falls into the ash storage chamber. The ash collecting plate 9 receives the slag ash, and the slag ash moves along the inclination angle of the ash collecting plate 9 toward the ash discharge port 13, which is convenient for cleaning the exploded ash. The air transported through the first air inlet pipe 51 can clean the ash on the ash collecting plate 9 to avoid the accumulation of ash on the ash collecting plate 9.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the perforations 31 are arranged in multiple layers on the distribution hopper 3 along the up and down directions, and the diameter of each layer of perforations 31 increases in the direction away from the discharge port 21. The diameter of the perforations 31 on the distribution hopper 3 changes in the direction away from the discharge port 21. The perforations 31 of different diameters can be used to allow solid fuels of different sizes to pass through, thereby achieving screening of the solid fuel, further avoiding the accumulation of solid fuel on the grate 4, and making the particles of the solid fuel located on the grate 4 gradually increase in the radial direction from the distribution hopper 3, so as to facilitate the complete combustion of the solid fuel.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion, characterized in that: include: A furnace body, wherein the furnace body has a first combustion chamber, a water storage bin is provided on the top of the first combustion chamber, the water storage bin is connected with a water inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe extending out of the furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a feed port, an ash discharge port and a smoke exhaust port; A feed pipe and a distribution hopper, wherein the feed pipe is arranged corresponding to the feed inlet and has a discharge port, a portion of the feed pipe extends into the first combustion chamber and is arranged obliquely in the first combustion chamber, the feed pipe is used to transport solid fuel, the distribution hopper is arranged corresponding to the discharge port and is a cone, the distribution hopper is arranged in the up-down direction and the cross-sectional diameter of the distribution hopper increases in the direction away from the discharge port, the distribution hopper is used to divert the solid fuel discharged from the feed pipe, and a plurality of perforations are arranged at intervals on the distribution hopper, and the perforations are used to allow part of the solid fuel to pass through; A grate, the grate is arranged in the first combustion chamber corresponding to the distribution hopper and is located below the distribution hopper; The air supply assembly includes a first air inlet pipe, the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body and communicates with the first combustion chamber, and the position where the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body is located on the side of the grate away from the distribution hopper.

2. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage bin is annular in shape, and a second combustion chamber is provided inside the water storage bin. The second combustion chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe extending out of the furnace body. The furnace body is provided with a return air duct connected to the smoke exhaust port, and the other end of the return air duct is connected to the second combustion chamber. The air supply assembly includes a second air inlet pipe, and the second air inlet pipe is connected to the second combustion chamber.

3. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a set distance between the outer wall of the water storage bin and the inner wall of the furnace body, a dust filter is provided between the water storage bin and the furnace body, and the dust filter is provided on one side of the smoke exhaust port close to the distribution hopper.

4. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return air duct is provided with a first filter and a first negative pressure fan in sequence, the first filter is used to filter the gas in the return air duct, and the first negative pressure fan is used to extract the gas in the first combustion chamber.

5. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes a second filter and a second negative pressure fan, the second filter is arranged at the air inlet end of the second negative pressure fan, and the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are connected to the air outlet end of the second negative pressure fan.

6. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a material guide pipe, which is arranged at the discharge port and communicated with the material delivery pipe, and the material guide pipe extends in the up-down direction.

7. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material guiding pipe is a round pipe, and the material guiding pipe is coaxially arranged with the material distributing hopper.

8. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge port is rotatably provided with a baffle, and the baffle is used to block the discharge port without the action of external force and to open the discharge port under the action of the solid fuel.

9. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes an ash collecting plate, which is arranged obliquely and has air holes. The ash collecting plate is used to receive burnt solid fuel. The ash collecting plate, the furnace body and the grate limit an ash storage cavity. The position where the first air inlet pipe is connected to the furnace body is arranged on the side of the ash collecting plate away from the grate.

10. The energy-saving boiler with sufficient combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforations are arranged in multiple layers on the distribution hopper along the up-down direction, and the diameter of the perforations in each layer increases in a direction away from the discharge port.

Images