Novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract

The invention provides a novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which belongs to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, and comprises a flexible guide needle for drilling a femoral tunnel, a flexible drill rod separably sleeving the outer side of the flexible guide needle, and a positioning assembly separably sleeving the outer side of the flexible guide needle, the positioning assembly comprises a guide sleeve and a handle, the guide sleeve is detachably arranged on the outer side of the flexible guide needle in a sleeving mode, the handle is connected with one end of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is bent, a protection plate is arranged at the other end of the guide sleeve and detachably abuts against the femur, and one end of the flexible guide needle sequentially penetrates through the handle and the guide sleeve. According to the novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the guide sleeve is bent, the flexible guide needle is bent under the guiding effect of the guide sleeve, the phenomenon that a tibia tunnel and a femur tunnel deviate due to the fact that a joint is bent twice is avoided, the forming effect of the femur tunnel is good, and the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction efficiency and effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a novel bone channel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has become the mainstream of anterior cruciate ligament injury surgery. The function of the ligament is achieved by passing the reconstruction material through the tibial tunnel on the tibia and the femoral tunnel on the femur. The accuracy of the femoral tunnel positioning drilling is the key to ligament reconstruction. Specifically, the existing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction process can be found in Figure 1 , Figure 2 First, the tibial tunnel 51 is drilled out using a drill rod. When drilling the femoral tunnel 61, due to the obstruction of the tibia 5, multiple people are required to operate the femoral tunnel 61 after the patient's knee is bent until the femur 6 and the tibia 5 are 125 degrees. After the drilling is completed, the femur 6 is rotated to 90 degrees with the tibia 5, and the reconstruction materials are inserted and fixed to the two ends of the tibial tunnel 51 and the femoral tunnel 61 in turn to complete the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

[0003] Since the femoral tunnel is made by rotating 125 degrees and the ligament reconstruction is performed by rotating to 90 degrees, on the one hand, the molding efficiency of the femoral tunnel is low, and on the other hand, the position between the femoral tunnel and the tibial tunnel will produce errors and cause offsets, resulting in poor molding effect of the femoral tunnel, which in turn causes stress concentration on the reconstructed ligament at the femoral attachment point, easily causing damage to the reconstructed ligament and affecting the postoperative effect. This solution solves the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The guide sleeve is curved. By inserting the guide sleeve between the tibia and the femur, the flexible guide needle is bent under the guiding action of the guide sleeve. The influence of the tibia on the drilling hole can be avoided without excessive bending of the tibia and the femur. The entry angle of the flexible guide needle and the drilling angle form an angle, which avoids the deviation of the tibial tunnel and the femoral tunnel caused by the double bending of the joint. The preparation and molding effect of the femoral tunnel is good, and the efficiency and effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are improved.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, comprising a flexible guide pin for drilling a femoral tunnel, a flexible drill rod detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide pin, and a positioning assembly detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide pin, wherein the positioning assembly comprises a guide sleeve detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide pin, and a handle connected to one end of the guide sleeve, wherein the guide sleeve is curved, and a guard plate is provided at the other end of the guide sleeve, wherein the guard plate is detachably abutted against the femur, and one end of the flexible guide pin is sequentially passed through the handle and the guide sleeve, and the other end of the flexible guide pin is detachably connected to a hand drill;

[0006] One end of the flexible drill rod is provided with a hollow drill bit for enlarging the femoral tunnel, and the other end of the flexible drill rod is detachably connected to the hand electric drill.

[0007] A hole-reaming shovel head is arranged on the outer side of one end of the flexible guide needle.

[0008] The side of the flexible drill rod is provided with scale lines.

[0009] The diameter of the flexible guide needle is 2.5 mm, and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve is 3 mm.

[0010] The total length of the handle formed by combining the shell 1 and the shell 2 is 10 mm.

[0011] The inner diameter of the flexible drill rod is 3 mm.

[0012] A cavity connected to one end of the guide sleeve is arranged inside the handle, a suction pipe connected to the cavity is arranged outside the handle, and the suction pipe is connected to an air pump.

[0013] A filter screen is arranged in the cavity between the suction pipe and the guide sleeve.

[0014] The handle comprises a detachably connected shell body 1 and a detachably connected shell body 2, the guide sleeve is connected to the shell body 1, the suction tube is arranged on the shell body 2, and the filter screen is arranged in the shell body 2.

[0015] The bottom of one end of the second shell is connected with a guide sleeve arranged toward the inner guide sleeve of the first shell, the flexible drill rod passes through the guide sleeve, and the filter sleeve is arranged on the outside of the guide sleeve.

[0016] A conical surface is arranged on the inner side of one end of the shell body 1 connected to the guide sleeve, and the other end of the shell body 2 is detachably connected to the shell body 2.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The guide sleeve is curved. By inserting the guide sleeve between the tibia and the femur, the flexible guide needle is bent under the guidance of the guide sleeve. The insertion angle of the needle can be adjusted without excessive bending of the tibia and femur, thereby avoiding the influence of the tibia on the drilling hole. The entry angle of the flexible guide needle and the drilling angle form an angle, avoiding the deviation of the tibial tunnel and the femoral tunnel caused by the double bending of the joint. The preparation and shaping effect of the femoral tunnel is good, which improves the efficiency and effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

[0019] (2) The flexible drill rod is sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide pin. The flexible guide pin guides the flexible drill rod, so that the hollow drill bit can drill out of the femoral tunnel smoothly along the flexible guide pin. The formation of the femoral tunnel is safe, reliable, convenient and fast.

[0020] (3) The guard plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the femur, and the side of the guide sleeve is in contact with the top of the tibia, so that the guide sleeve is fixed to the tibia and femur, avoiding the relative movement of the femur and tibia during drilling, and further improving the shaping effect of the femoral tunnel;

[0021] (4) When drilling, the vacuum pump draws the air from the cavity of the handle through the suction tube, so that the guide sleeve generates negative pressure. When the drilled bone residue falls to the guide sleeve, the bone residue in the guide sleeve is drawn into the cavity of the handle by the negative pressure. Under the action of the filter, the bone residue is collected in the shell 2. By setting a cavity connected to the guide sleeve in the handle, the cavity is connected to the vacuum pump through the suction tube. The vacuum pump automatically collects the drilled bone residue into the handle through the guide sleeve, thereby reducing the workload of cleaning the bone residue during bone tunnel drilling, and achieving better femoral tunnel drilling effect and higher efficiency.

[0022] (5) The detachable connection between shell one and shell two facilitates the removal and cleaning of bone residues in shell two. The guiding effect of the conical surface makes the insertion of the flexible guide needle smoother, thereby improving the applicability of the preparation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the existing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the existing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the flexible drill rod and the flexible guide needle of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged structural diagram of part A;

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of part B.

[0030] Among them, in the figure: 1, flexible guide pin; 11, reaming shovel head; 2, flexible drill rod; 21, hollow drill bit; 22, scale line; 3, positioning assembly; 31, guide sleeve; 311, guard plate; 32, handle; 321, suction tube; 322, filter screen; 323, shell one; 3231, conical surface; 324, shell two; 325, guide sleeve; 4, hand drill; 5, tibia; 51, tibial tunnel; 6, femur; 61, femoral tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction comprises a flexible guide needle 1 for drilling a femoral tunnel 61, a flexible drill rod 2 detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle 1, and a positioning assembly 3 detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle 1, wherein the positioning assembly 3 comprises a guide sleeve 31 detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle 1, and a handle 32 connected to one end of the guide sleeve 31, wherein the guide sleeve 31 is curved, and a guard plate 311 is provided at the other end of the guide sleeve 31, and the guard plate 311 is detachably abutted against the femur 6, and one end of the flexible guide needle 1 is sequentially passed through the handle 32 and the guide sleeve 31, and the other end of the flexible guide needle 1 is detachably connected to a hand drill 4;

[0033] One end of the flexible drill rod 2 is provided with a hollow drill bit 21 for enlarging the femoral tunnel 61 , and the other end of the flexible drill rod 2 is detachably connected to the hand electric drill 4 .

[0034] A hole-reaming shovel head 11 is arranged on the outer side of one end of the flexible guide needle 1 .

[0035] A scale line 22 is provided on the side of the flexible drill rod 2. The distance between the scale line 22 and the end of the hollow drill bit 21 is 2.5 cm, and the width of the scale line 22 is 0.5 cm.

[0036] Preferably, the diameter of the flexible guide needle 1 is 2.5 mm and the length is 40 cm, the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 31 is 3 mm, the outer diameter of the guide sleeve is 4 mm and the length is 15 cm.

[0037] Preferably, the total length of the handle 32 formed by combining the shell 1 323 and the shell 2 324 is 10 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the flexible drill rod 2 is 3 mm, and the outer diameter can be set to 12 sizes of 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm and 10 mm.

[0039] Preferably, the axial angles at both ends of the guide sleeve 31 can be set to 150 degrees, 145 degrees and 140 degrees.

[0040] The flexible guide needle 1 is made of metal material. The flexible guide needle 1 and the flexible drill rod 2 are both realized by using existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] A cavity connected to one end of the guide sleeve 31 is disposed in the handle 32 , and a suction pipe 321 connected to the cavity is disposed on the outside of the handle 32 . The suction pipe 321 is connected to an air pump.

[0042] A filter screen 322 is disposed in the cavity between the suction pipe 321 and the guide sleeve 31 .

[0043] The handle 32 includes a detachably connected shell 1 323 and a detachably connected shell 2 324 . The guide sleeve 31 is connected to the shell 1 323 . The suction pipe 321 is disposed on the shell 2 324 . The filter screen 322 is disposed in the shell 2 324 .

[0044] The bottom of one end of the second shell 324 is connected to a guide sleeve 325 arranged toward the guide sleeve 31 in the first shell 323 . The flexible drill rod 2 is arranged through the guide sleeve 325 and penetrates the guide sleeve 31 . The filter screen 322 is sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve 325 .

[0045] A conical surface 3231 is provided on the inner side of one end of the shell 1 323 connected to the guide sleeve 31 , and the other end of the shell 2 324 is detachably connected to the shell 2 324 .

[0046] The specific working process and principle of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] First, bend the femur 6 to 90 degrees with the tibia 5, mark the center of the anterior cruciate ligament footprint of the femur 6, then hold the handle 32 of the positioning component 3, and insert the guide sleeve 31 of the positioning component 3 between the tibia 5 and the femur 6, so that the guide sleeve 31 is fixed at the center of the anterior cruciate ligament footprint of the femur 6, so that the guard plate 311 abuts against the bottom surface of the femur 6 and fits tightly with the femur 6, and the side of the guide sleeve 31 abuts against the top of the tibia 5, and the flexible guide needle 1 is inserted into the guide sleeve 31 from the guide sleeve 325 at the bottom of the handle 32. After the flexible guide needle 1 passes through the guide sleeve 31, it contacts the femur 6, and the flexible guide needle 1 is firmly combined with the hand drill 4, and the suction tube 321 is connected to the suction pump, and the start The vacuum pump is started, and then the hand drill 4 is started. The hand drill 4 drives the flexible guide pin 1 to rotate, and a hole is drilled on the femur 6. The hole is expanded by the reaming shovel head 11. Since the guide sleeve 31 is curved, the guide sleeve 31 is inserted between the tibia 5 and the femur 6. The flexible guide pin 1 is bent under the guidance of the guide sleeve 31. There is no need for excessive bending of the tibia 5 and the femur 6. The insertion angle can be adjusted, thereby avoiding the influence of the tibia 5 on the drilling. The entry angle of the flexible guide pin 1 forms an angle with the drilling angle, avoiding the deviation of the tibial tunnel 51 and the femoral tunnel 61 caused by the double bending joints. The preparation and molding effect of the femoral tunnel 61 is good, and the efficiency and effect of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are improved;

[0048] By abutting and fitting the guard plate 311 against the bottom surface of the femur 6, and abutting the side of the guide sleeve 31 against the top of the tibia 5, the guide sleeve 31 is fixed to the tibia 5 and the femur 6, avoiding relative movement between the femur 6 and the tibia 5 during drilling, and further improving the molding effect of the femoral tunnel 61.

[0049] When drilling, the suction pump draws out the cavity of the handle 32 through the suction tube 321, so that the guide sleeve 31 generates negative pressure. When the drilled bone residue falls to the guide sleeve 31, the bone residue in the guide sleeve 31 is extracted into the cavity of the handle 32 by the negative pressure. Under the action of the filter 322, the bone residue is collected in the shell 2 324. By setting a cavity connected to the guide sleeve 31 in the handle 32, the cavity is connected to the suction pump through the suction tube 321. The suction pump automatically collects the drilled bone residue into the handle 32 via the guide sleeve 31, thereby reducing the workload of cleaning the bone residue during bone tunnel drilling, and achieving better drilling preparation effect and higher efficiency for the femoral tunnel 61.

[0050] The detachable connection between the shell 1 323 and the shell 2 324 facilitates the removal and cleaning of bone residues in the shell 2 324. The guiding effect of the conical surface 3231 makes the insertion of the flexible guide needle 1 smoother, thereby improving the applicability of the preparation device.

[0051] When the drilling is completed through the flexible guide needle 1 and stays in the femur 6, the hand drill 4 is separated from the flexible guide needle 1, and then the positioning component 3 is removed from the flexible guide needle 1, the hand drill 4 is connected to the flexible drill rod 2, and the flexible drill rod 2 is inserted into the tail end of the flexible guide needle 1 from one end of the hollow drill bit 21, and then the hand drill 4 is started. Under the guidance of the flexible guide needle 1, the flexible drill rod 2 is bent, and the hole drilled by the flexible guide needle 1 is expanded by the hollow drill bit 21 until the hole is expanded to the scale line 22 position of the flexible drill rod 2, indicating that the expansion depth reaches the requirement, thereby forming a femoral tunnel 61, and the flexible drill rod 2 is sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle 1. Through the guiding effect of the flexible guide needle 1 on the flexible drill rod 2, the hollow drill bit 21 can smoothly drill out of the femoral tunnel 61 along the flexible guide needle 1, and the preparation and molding of the femoral tunnel 61 is safe, reliable, convenient and fast.

[0052] After the femoral tunnel 61 is manufactured, the reconstruction material is inserted into the femoral tunnel 61 and the tibial tunnel 51 in sequence, and finally the two ends of the reconstruction material are fixed and sutured to complete the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.

[0053] Using the present invention, the positioning assembly 3 is placed on the previously marked center of the anterior cruciate ligament footprint of the femur 6 from the anteromedial approach. When the knee is flexed 90°, the flexible guide pin 1 passes through the lateral condyle of the femur 6 and the skin of the anterolateral thigh, and the anterior-posterior and lateral perspective views are taken to confirm the vertical trajectory of the intended femoral tunnel 61. The flexible drill rod 2 matching the diameter of the graft is advanced on the guide pin, and the femoral tunnel 61 is drilled to a depth of 25 to 30 mm, and the femoral tunnel preparation can be achieved without flexing the knee 125°.

[0054] Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved through or by adopting existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flexible guide needle (1) for drilling a femoral tunnel (61), a flexible drill rod (2) detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle (1), and a positioning assembly (3) detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle (1), wherein the positioning assembly (3) comprises a guide sleeve (31) detachably sleeved on the outside of the flexible guide needle (1), and a handle (32) connected to one end of the guide sleeve (31), wherein the guide sleeve (31) is curved, and a guard plate (311) is provided at the other end of the guide sleeve (31), wherein the guard plate (311) is detachably abutted against the femur (6), and one end of the flexible guide needle (1) is sequentially passed through the handle (32) and the guide sleeve (31), and the other end of the flexible guide needle (1) is detachably connected to a hand-held electric drill (4); One end of the flexible drill rod (2) is provided with a hollow drill bit (21) for enlarging the femoral tunnel (61), and the other end of the flexible drill rod (2) is detachably connected to the hand electric drill (4).

2. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hole-reaming shovel head (11) is arranged on the outside of one end of the flexible guide needle (1).

3. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the flexible drill rod (2) is provided with a scale mark (22).

4. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the flexible guide needle (1) is 2.5 mm, and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve (31) is 3 mm.

5. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the flexible drill rod (2) is 3 mm.

6. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cavity communicating with one end of the guide sleeve (31) is provided inside the handle (32), and a suction pipe (321) communicating with the cavity is provided outside the handle (32), and the suction pipe (321) is connected to an air pump.

7. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A filter screen (322) is provided in the cavity between the suction pipe (321) and the guide sleeve (31).

8. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The handle (32) comprises a detachably connected shell body 1 (323) and a detachably connected shell body 2 (324); the guide sleeve (31) is connected to the shell body 1 (323); the suction tube (321) is arranged on the shell body 2 (324); and the filter screen (322) is arranged in the shell body 2 (324).

9. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of one end of the second shell (324) is connected to a guide sleeve (325) arranged toward the guide sleeve (31) inside the first shell (323); the flexible drill rod (2) is arranged by the guide sleeve (325) to penetrate the guide sleeve (31); and the filter screen (322) is sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve (325).

10. The novel bone tunnel preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to claim 9, characterized in that: A conical surface (3231) is provided on the inner side of one end of the shell 1 (323) connected to the guide sleeve (31), and the other end of the shell 2 (324) is detachably connected to the shell 2 (324).

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