Absorption tower and carbon dioxide capture system with same

Abstract

The invention provides an absorption tower. The absorption tower comprises a tower body; the filling block is arranged at the top of the tower body; the plurality of spiral channels are arranged on the filling block at intervals, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tower body; the gas outlet pipe is communicated with the top of the tower body. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the related technology, CO2 is cooled through spraying, and then energy waste is caused is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, and in particular to an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same. Background Art

[0002] Absorption towers are equipment used for absorption. They are classified into three categories based on the form of gas-liquid contact: plate towers, bubbling towers, and stirred bubbling towers, where the gas is dispersed in the liquid phase as bubbles; jet tubes, venturis, and spray towers, where the liquid is dispersed in the gas phase as droplets; and packed and falling film towers, where the liquid contacts the gas phase in a film-like motion. Absorption towers have greatly facilitated production processes. They offer excellent corrosion resistance, a long service life, and excellent sealing, making them convenient for use during processing.

[0003] In the related art, when the existing absorption tower is working, the process of organic amine liquid absorbing CO2 in the absorption tower is an exothermic reaction, which makes the temperature of the gas too high when it is discharged. In order to prevent the overheated CO2 from entering the next process, a water cooling spray is set to cool the CO2, which will lead to energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same, so as to solve the problem in the related art that CO2 is cooled by spraying, which leads to energy waste.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an absorption tower, comprising: a tower body; a filling block arranged at the top of the tower body; a plurality of spiral channels arranged at intervals on the filling block; an air inlet pipe connected to the bottom of the tower body; and an air outlet pipe connected to the top of the tower body.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer wall of the filling block and the inner wall of the tower body are arranged in close contact.

[0007] Furthermore, the plurality of spiral channels form a plurality of spiral groups, each spiral group includes a plurality of spiral channels, and the plurality of spiral channels are sequentially arranged in a direction from the center of the filling block to the periphery of the filling block.

[0008] Furthermore, the multiple spiral groups include a first spiral group, a second spiral group and a third spiral group arranged in sequence from the center of the filling block to the periphery of the filling block, and the pitch of the spiral channel in the first spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channel in the second spiral group.

[0009] Furthermore, the pitch of the spiral channel in the second spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channel in the third spiral group.

[0010] Furthermore, the absorption tower further comprises a collecting structure, which is arranged inside the tower body and below the filling blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a packing structure, which is arranged below the collecting structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes an air intake structure, which is arranged inside the tower body and below the packing structure, and is connected to the air intake pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the air intake structure includes a spiral tube, and the diameter of the spiral tube gradually decreases from the bottom of the tower body to the top of the tower body.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided, comprising an absorption tower, which is the absorption tower described above.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present application, a filling block is arranged at the top of the tower body, and a plurality of spiral channels are arranged at intervals on the filling block. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the tower body. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the flue gas enters the interior of the tower body through the air inlet pipe, flows to the filling block after the reaction, and passes through the spiral channel and is discharged through the air outlet pipe. Since the length of the spiral channel is relatively large, the flue gas flows in the spiral channel for a longer time, which can achieve the cooling of the flue gas and thus avoid the flue gas temperature from being too high. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of cooling CO2 by spraying in the related art, which leads to energy waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of an absorption tower according to the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an absorption tower;

[0019] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the absorption tower from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 4 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the absorption tower;

[0021] Figure 5 Shown Figure 1A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filling block of the absorption tower;

[0022] Figure 6 Shown Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the filler block.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 10. Tower body; 20. Filling block; 30. Spiral channel; 40. Air inlet pipe; 50. Air outlet pipe; 60. Collection structure; 70. Filling structure; 80. Air inlet structure; 81. Spiral tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower includes: a tower body 10, a filling block 20, a plurality of spiral channels 30, an air inlet pipe 40, and an air outlet pipe 50. The filling block 20 is arranged at the top of the tower body 10; the plurality of spiral channels 30 are arranged at intervals on the filling block 20; the air inlet pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the tower body 10; and the air outlet pipe 50 is connected to the top of the tower body 10.

[0029] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a filling block 20 is arranged at the top of the tower body 10, and a plurality of spiral channels 30 are arranged at intervals on the filling block 20. An air inlet pipe 40 and an air outlet pipe 50 are respectively arranged at the bottom and top of the tower body 10. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the flue gas enters the interior of the tower body 10 through the air inlet pipe 40, flows to the filling block 20 after reaction, passes through the spiral channel 30, and is discharged through the air outlet pipe 50. Due to the long length of the spiral channel 30, the flue gas flows in the spiral channel 30 for a longer time, which can achieve the purpose of cooling the flue gas and thus prevent the flue gas temperature from being too high. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of cooling CO2 by spraying in the related art, which leads to energy waste.

[0030] Specifically, through this design, the absorption tower can more effectively capture and absorb carbon dioxide in the gas, and is suitable for various industrial waste gas treatment and carbon capture projects, such as thermal power plants, cement plants, steel plants, etc., helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the environment.

[0031] Moreover, this design not only improves the efficiency of the absorption tower, but also reduces energy consumption. Compared with traditional absorption towers, it can significantly reduce operating costs. At the same time, due to its efficient carbon dioxide capture capacity, it can help industrial facilities meet the emission standards required by environmental regulations more quickly.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the filling block 20 is fitted with the inner wall of the tower body 10. The above arrangement can prevent smoke from flowing out of the gap between the side wall of the filling block 20 and the inner wall of the tower body 10.

[0033] Specifically, this close-fitting design (the outer wall of the filling block 20 and the inner wall of the tower body 10 are arranged in close contact) prevents gas from bypassing the filling block 20, ensuring that the gas fully passes through the spiral channel 30, increasing the contact between the gas and the absorbent and improving absorption efficiency. In industries such as chemical, petroleum, and natural gas, this design is particularly suitable for treating high-concentration carbon dioxide waste gas, effectively reducing carbon emissions and meeting environmental standards.

[0034] In practical applications, this design can also effectively prevent the leakage of absorbent, keep the interior of the tower clean and operate efficiently. At the same time, due to the optimization of the gas path, it can reduce the pressure loss in the tower, further reduce energy consumption, and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0035] In an embodiment not shown in the figure, the absorption tower also includes heat dissipation fins, which are connected to the filling blocks 20 and extend out of the tower body 10. This can effectively cool the filling blocks 20, thereby achieving a better cooling effect on the flue gas.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the plurality of spiral channels 30 are formed into a plurality of spiral groups, each spiral group including a plurality of spiral channels 30. The plurality of spiral channels 30 are sequentially arranged from the center of the filling block 20 to the periphery of the filling block 20. This arrangement can improve the efficiency of flue gas cooling, that is, the flue gas can be discharged from the plurality of spiral channels 30.

[0037] It should be noted that the design of multiple spiral channels 30 allows the gas to travel a longer path through the packing block 20, increasing the contact area and improving the absorbent's ability to absorb carbon dioxide. In large-scale industrial waste gas treatment systems, this design can significantly improve treatment efficiency and reduce equipment footprint.

[0038] Specifically, by arranging spiral channels 30 with different pitches at the center and periphery, fine-tuning can be performed according to the flow rate and pressure of the gas to adapt to different operating conditions, ensuring that the best carbon capture effect can be achieved in various environments.

[0039] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the multiple spiral groups include a first spiral group, a second spiral group, and a third spiral group, which are arranged in sequence from the center of the filling block 20 to the periphery of the filling block 20. The pitch of the spiral channels 30 in the first spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channels 30 in the second spiral group. This arrangement ensures that the flue gas has a sufficient travel distance, thereby ensuring a cooling effect on the flue gas.

[0040] Specifically, by adjusting the pitch of different spiral groups, the flow of gas in the filling block 20 can be optimized, so that the gas stays longer in the central area and flows faster in the peripheral area, thereby improving the overall absorption efficiency.

[0041] This design is particularly well-suited for treating waste gas containing multiple gas components, effectively separating and capturing carbon dioxide while reducing the retention time of other gases and improving system efficiency. In actual operation, by adjusting the pitch of the different spiral groups, dynamic adjustments can be made based on changes in the carbon dioxide concentration in the waste gas, ensuring that the absorber always operates at optimal conditions and adapts to different waste gas treatment requirements.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the pitch of the spiral channel 30 in the second spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channel 30 in the third spiral group. The above arrangement can ensure the cooling effect of the flue gas.

[0043] Specifically, this gradually variable pitch design allows the gas to gradually accelerate as it passes through the packing block 20, while ensuring sufficient contact time and improving absorbent utilization. In scenarios requiring large-scale gas processing, such as large-scale chemical plants or oil refineries, this design can significantly increase carbon dioxide capture rates and reduce operating costs.

[0044] In addition, this design can also reduce the gas turbulence inside the absorption tower and improve the stability of the gas flow, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the tower body 10 and creating a better working environment.

[0045] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a collection structure 60, which is disposed within the tower body 10 and below the filling block 20. Condensed water is generated after the flue gas cools, and the condensed water can flow from the spiral channel 30 into the collection structure 60. Specifically, the collection structure 60 includes a barrier membrane that allows gas to pass through but prevents water from passing through.

[0046] Specifically, the design of the collection structure 60 effectively collects absorbent that falls from the filling block 20, preventing waste while facilitating its recycling and improving the system's economic efficiency and sustainability. In industrial waste gas treatment systems that require continuous operation, the collection structure 60 ensures a stable supply of absorbent, reduces the frequency of absorbent replenishment, and lowers maintenance costs. The collection structure 60 also recycles the absorbent naturally through gravity, eliminating the need for additional recovery equipment. This further reduces system construction and operating costs, reduces repair and maintenance workload, and improves overall operational efficiency.

[0047] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a packing structure 70, which is disposed below the collecting structure 60. The arrangement of the packing structure 70 enables flue gas treatment.

[0048] Specifically, the inclusion of packing structure 70 further increases the contact area between the gas and the absorbent, improving absorption efficiency. When treating waste gas with low concentrations of carbon dioxide, packing structure 70 effectively compensates for the lack of contact between the gas and the absorbent, ensuring efficient carbon capture. By using a high-surface-area material in packing structure 70, the absorbent's adsorption capacity is further enhanced, maintaining efficient carbon capture even in low-concentration carbon dioxide environments, making it suitable for a variety of complex waste gas treatment scenarios.

[0049] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes an air intake structure 80, which is disposed inside the tower body 10 and below the packing structure 70. The air intake structure 80 is in communication with the air intake pipe 40. The air intake structure 80 can direct the flue gas to the center of the packing structure 70, thereby preventing wall flow from occurring on the inner wall of the tower body 10.

[0050] Specifically, the design of the air intake structure 80 enables the gas to be evenly distributed throughout the bottom of the tower body 10, avoiding localized gas concentration and improving the mixing effect of the gas and the absorbent. In scenarios where uneven gas distribution needs to be treated, such as mixed exhaust gas from different production lines, the air intake structure 80 can ensure uniform gas entry and improve the overall treatment effect. The uniform distribution design of the air intake structure 80 also prevents temperature and pressure fluctuations within the tower body 10, maintaining stable operation of the system. At the same time, by optimizing the design of the gas inlet, it can also reduce system startup and downtime, improving overall operational efficiency and flexibility.

[0051] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the air intake structure 80 includes a spiral tube 81, and the diameter of the spiral tube 81 gradually decreases from the bottom to the top of the tower body 10. The above arrangement can ensure that the smoke enters the center of the packing structure 70.

[0052] It should be noted that this design of the spiral tube 81 with a gradually varying diameter can effectively control the flow rate of the gas, so that the gas can gradually slow down when entering the tower body 10, increase the contact time between the gas and the absorbent, and improve the absorption efficiency. In the scenario of processing high-speed gas flow, such as high-speed industrial waste gas, this design can effectively reduce the gas velocity and improve the processing capacity of the absorption tower. In addition to reducing the gas velocity, this design can also reduce the turbulence of the gas inside the tower body 10 and improve the smoothness of the gas flow, thereby reducing energy loss and improving the overall efficiency of the system. At the same time, the smoother airflow also reduces the wear on the tower body 10 and the internal structure, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0053] Specifically, this solution effectively increases the contact area and duration between the gas and the absorbent by installing a packing block 20 at the top of the absorption tower and designing multiple spiral channels 30 within the packing block 20, thereby improving absorption efficiency. The spiral tube 81 design of the air intake structure 80 ensures more uniform distribution of the gas upon entering the tower body 10, further enhancing the mixing effect between the gas and the absorbent. This enables the carbon dioxide capture system to significantly improve capture efficiency and reduce energy consumption in practical applications, significantly benefiting environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0054] The absorption tower of this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0055] The spiral channel 30 can maximize the contact area within a limited space and improve heat exchange efficiency. Since the spiral channel 30 does not rely on water as a cooling medium, this can reduce water resource consumption and reduce water treatment and maintenance costs. Since the water treatment and circulation systems are eliminated, the overall cost will be relatively low. The vertical spiral channel 30 can use gravity to help the flue gas flow, reducing the energy required for pumping and further improving energy efficiency. By optimizing the layout and materials of the spiral channel 30, the refrigeration efficiency can be improved and the required temperature control can be achieved. Since water use is reduced, this technology has less impact on the environment and meets the requirements of sustainable development. The vertical spiral channel 30 has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and clean, which helps to reduce long-term operating costs.

[0056] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided. The carbon dioxide capture system of this embodiment includes an absorption tower, which is the absorption tower described above. The absorption tower described above cools the carbon dioxide using a spiral channel, eliminating the need for spraying, which effectively reduces energy waste. Therefore, the carbon dioxide capture system including the absorption tower described above also has the aforementioned advantages.

[0057] Specifically, the above-mentioned design significantly improves carbon dioxide capture efficiency and reduces energy consumption in practical applications, significantly benefiting environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction. This system is not only suitable for large-scale industrial facilities such as thermal power plants, cement plants, and steel mills, but can also be applied to small or mobile carbon capture devices such as vehicle exhaust treatment and building ventilation systems, providing an efficient and economical solution for achieving global carbon neutrality goals.

[0058] Furthermore, the CO2 capture system can be integrated with renewable energy generation systems, such as wind and solar power, to form a green energy recycling system, further reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development. In practical applications, the system can also be combined with intelligent control systems to automatically adjust operating parameters based on real-time monitoring of CO2 concentration and flow, enabling intelligent and automated operation and improving system stability and reliability. Furthermore, through data collection and analysis, the system's long-term operating strategy can be optimized, further reducing operating costs and improving economic benefits.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0060] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An absorption tower, characterized in that: include: Tower body(10); A filling block (20) is arranged on the top of the tower body (10); A plurality of spiral channels (30) are arranged at intervals on the filling block (20), An air inlet pipe (40) connected to the bottom of the tower body (10); An air outlet pipe (50) is connected to the top of the tower body (10).

2. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall of the filling block (20) and the inner wall of the tower body (10) are arranged in close contact with each other.

3. The absorption tower according to claim 2, characterized in that The plurality of spiral channels (30) are formed into a plurality of spiral groups, each of which includes a plurality of spiral channels (30). The plurality of spiral channels (30) are arranged in sequence in a direction from the center of the filling block (20) to the periphery of the filling block (20).

4. The absorption tower according to claim 3, characterized in that The plurality of spiral groups include a first spiral group, a second spiral group and a third spiral group which are sequentially arranged in a direction from the center of the filling block (20) to the periphery of the filling block (20), and the pitch of the spiral channel (30) in the first spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channel (30) in the second spiral group.

5. The absorption tower according to claim 4, characterized in that The pitch of the spiral channel (30) in the second spiral group is smaller than the pitch of the spiral channel (30) in the third spiral group.

6. The absorption tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The absorption tower further comprises a collecting structure (60), wherein the collecting structure (60) is arranged inside the tower body (10) and below the filling block (20).

7. The absorption tower according to claim 6, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a packing structure (70), wherein the packing structure (70) is arranged below the collecting structure (60).

8. The absorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises an air intake structure (80), wherein the air intake structure (80) is arranged inside the tower body (10) and below the packing structure (70), and the air intake structure (80) is in communication with the air intake pipe (40).

9. The absorption tower according to claim 8, characterized in that The air intake structure (80) comprises a spiral tube (81), and the diameter of the spiral tube (81) gradually decreases in a direction from the bottom of the tower body (10) to the top of the tower body (10).

10. A carbon dioxide capture system comprising an absorption tower, characterized in that: The absorption tower is the absorption tower according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images