Fireproof flame-retardant material based on aluminum factory sludge, preparation method and application of fireproof flame-retardant material, flame-retardant cable and preparation method of flame-retardant cable

Abstract

The invention provides a fireproof flame-retardant material based on aluminum factory sludge, a preparation method and application of the fireproof flame-retardant material, a flame-retardant cable and a preparation method of the flame-retardant cable, and relates to the technical field of flame-retardant materials. The invention provides a fireproof flame-retardant material based on aluminum factory sludge, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-6 parts of aluminum factory sludge by dry weight, 0-6 parts of inorganic hydroxide, 3-8 parts of VAE latex and 20-50 parts of water. Only water is used as a solvent, the VAE latex is used as a polymer matrix, the aluminum factory sludge and the inorganic hydroxide are used as fillers, the raw materials are low in price and easy to obtain, and the fireproof flame-retardant material based on the aluminum factory sludge has excellent flame retardance, tensile strength, ductility and gram weight and is used as a cable flame-retardant belt. Therefore, the cable is not easy to damage during transportation and installation, and can prevent fire spreading and restrain smoke release in a fire disaster. Moreover, the aluminum factory sludge is solid waste, the raw materials are easy to obtain and low in price, and the fireproof flame-retardant material based on the aluminum factory sludge is low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flame retardant materials, and in particular to a fireproof and flame retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge, a preparation method and application thereof, a flame retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid rise of the new energy vehicle market and the vigorous development of renewable energy industries such as photovoltaics and wind power, the demand for wire and cable products has increased. However, the current wire and cable industry is still facing some technical problems, such as low mechanical properties of cable tapes, low flame retardancy, poor high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, and high cost. These problems not only affect the performance and service life of cable products, but also restrict the further development of the industry.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN114318910A1 discloses a process for producing a halogen-free low-smoke filling rope for cables, wherein the raw materials include the following components by mass percentage: 30-60% inorganic hydroxide, 10-40% VAE emulsion, and the rest water. However, although the raw materials are coated with inorganic hydroxide, the elongation of the wrapping tape is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge, a preparation method and application thereof, a flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. The fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge provided by the present invention has excellent flame retardancy, tensile strength and elongation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge. The preparation raw materials include, by weight: 1 to 6 parts of aluminum plant sludge (dry weight), 0 to 6 parts of inorganic hydroxide, 3 to 8 parts of VAE latex, and 20 to 50 parts of water.

[0007] Preferably, the components of the aluminum plant sludge include one or more of boehmite, bayerite, α-alumina and β-alumina;

[0008] The aluminum plant sludge is first dehydrated and dried and then crushed and refined before use to obtain aluminum plant sludge dry powder;

[0009] The particle size of the aluminum plant sludge dry powder is 0.074-0.45 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the inorganic hydroxide includes one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium aluminum double hydroxide and nickel aluminum double hydroxide.

[0011] The present invention provides a method for preparing a fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge as described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: dispersing the prepared raw materials to obtain a mixed liquid, and drying the mixed liquid to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge.

[0012] Preferably, the dispersion treatment includes ultrasonic dispersion and / or stirring dispersion;

[0013] The ultrasonic dispersion time is 15 to 60 minutes, and the power is 80 to 120 W;

[0014] The stirring and mixing time is 0.5 to 3 hours, and the speed is 500 to 1000 r / min.

[0015] Preferably, the drying includes one or more of room temperature drying, normal pressure heating drying and vacuum heating drying;

[0016] The room temperature drying time is 10 to 60 minutes;

[0017] The temperature of the normal pressure heating drying is 30 to 90°C and the time is 5 to 30 minutes;

[0018] The vacuum heating drying is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 90° C. and for a time of 5 to 30 minutes.

[0019] The present invention provides the use of the fire-proof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge described in the above technical scheme or the fire-proof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical scheme in cable wrapping tape.

[0020] The present invention also provides a flame retardant cable, comprising a cable substrate and a fire retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge coated on the surface of the cable substrate.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant cable described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: dispersing the raw materials for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge described in the above technical solution to obtain a mixed liquid, coating the mixed liquid on a cable substrate and then drying to obtain a flame-retardant cable.

[0022] Preferably, the dispersion treatment includes ultrasonic dispersion and / or stirring dispersion;

[0023] The ultrasonic dispersion time is 15 to 60 minutes, and the power is 80 to 120 W;

[0024] The stirring and mixing time is 0.5 to 3 hours, and the speed is 500 to 1000 r / min;

[0025] The drying includes one or more of room temperature drying, normal pressure heating drying and vacuum heating drying.

[0026] Aluminum plant sludge is sintered at high temperature, and γ-AlOOH undergoes a series of crystal transformations at different temperatures and is finally irreversibly transformed into α-Al2O3 (commonly known as corundum), which is an important component of refractory materials. Since the sludge has a high aluminum content and ultra-fine particle size, it can be converted into corundum at a relatively low temperature. The present invention uses aluminum plant sludge as a high-temperature resistant raw material, which significantly improves the refractoriness while reducing costs. Moreover, as a general solid waste, the huge cost and waste of resources consumed in landfilling aluminum plant sludge also avoids secondary environmental pollution and waste of land resources at the landfill site caused by improper treatment. The present invention uses aluminum plant sludge as a high-temperature resistant raw material, effectively solving the problems of aluminum plant sludge accumulation and treatment, converting aluminum plant sludge into high-value refractory materials, realizing the recycling of resources, and providing a high-value conversion path for the treatment of this large-scale industrial solid waste.

[0027] The invention adds inorganic hydroxide to make the fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge have good flame retardancy.

[0028] The invention effectively combines the inorganic hydroxide and the glass fiber cloth by adding VAE latex as a polymer matrix, so that the fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge has excellent tensile strength and elongation.

[0029] The present invention only uses water as a solvent, VAE latex as a polymer matrix, and aluminum plant sludge and inorganic hydroxide as fillers. The raw materials are low-priced and easily available. The fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge has excellent flame retardancy, tensile strength, elongation and gram weight, and is used as a cable flame retardant tape, so that it is not easily damaged during transportation and installation, and the spread of fire and the release of smoke can be prevented in a fire.

[0030] The method for preparing the fireproof and flame retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge provided by the present invention has a simple process flow, easily available and inexpensive raw materials, is environmentally friendly, has low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of aluminum plant sludge;

[0032] Figure 2 Thermogravimetric curves of aluminum sludge and magnesium hydroxide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The invention provides a fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge. The preparation raw materials include, by weight: 1 to 6 parts of aluminum plant sludge (dry weight), 0 to 6 parts of inorganic hydroxide, 3 to 8 parts of VAE latex, and 20 to 50 parts of water.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and equipment used in the present invention are all commercially available products in the art.

[0035] In terms of parts by mass, the raw materials for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge provided by the present invention include 1 to 10 parts of aluminum plant sludge (dry weight), and in specific embodiments of the present invention, it can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.

[0036] In the present invention, the components of the aluminum plant sludge preferably include one or more of boehmite (γ-AlOOH), Bayerite (Al2O3·3H2O), α-alumina (activated alumina) and β-alumina.

[0037] In the present invention, the aluminum plant sludge is first dehydrated and dried and then crushed and refined before use to obtain aluminum plant sludge dry powder.

[0038] In the present invention, the particle size of the aluminum plant sludge dry powder is preferably 0.074-0.45 mm, and in specific embodiments of the present invention, it can be 0.074 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.45 mm.

[0039] In the present invention, the dehydration and drying preferably includes one or more of normal pressure heating and drying, vacuum heating and drying, and freeze drying. In the present invention, the temperature of normal pressure heating and drying is preferably 30 to 90°C, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C or 90°C; the time of normal pressure heating and drying is preferably 1 to 24h, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 18h, 19h, 20h, 21h, 22h, 23h or 24h. In the present invention, the temperature of the vacuum heating and drying is preferably 30-70°C, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C or 70°C; the time of the vacuum heating and drying is preferably 1-24h, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 18h, 19h, 20h, 21h, 22h, 23h or 24h. In the present invention, the freeze-drying temperature is preferably -40 to -50°C, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be -40°C, -41°C, -42°C, -43°C, -44°C, -45°C, -46°C, -47°C, -48°C, -49°C or -50°C; the freeze-drying pressure is preferably 5 to 30Pa, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 5Pa, 10Pa, 15Pa, 20Pa, 25Pa or 30Pa; the freeze-drying time is preferably 12 to 24h, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 12h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 18h, 19h, 20h, 21h, 22h, 23h or 24h.

[0040] In the present invention, the pulverizing and refining treatment preferably includes one or more of grinding and refining, ball milling and ultrafine powder refining, and more preferably ball milling. The present invention has no special restrictions on the process conditions of the grinding and refining, ball milling and ultrafine powder refining, and can obtain aluminum plant sludge dry powder with a particle size of 0.074 to 0.45 mm.

[0041] Aluminum plant sludge is sintered at high temperature, and γ-AlOOH undergoes a series of crystal transformations at different temperatures and is finally irreversibly transformed into α-Al2O3 (commonly known as corundum), which is an important component of refractory materials. Since the sludge has a high aluminum content and ultra-fine particle size, it can be converted into corundum at a relatively low temperature. The present invention uses aluminum plant sludge as a high-temperature resistant raw material, which significantly improves the refractoriness while reducing costs. Moreover, as a general solid waste, the huge cost and waste of resources consumed in landfilling aluminum plant sludge also avoids secondary environmental pollution and waste of land resources at the landfill site caused by improper treatment. The present invention uses aluminum plant sludge as a high-temperature resistant raw material, effectively solving the problems of aluminum plant sludge accumulation and treatment, converting aluminum plant sludge into high-value refractory materials, realizing the recycling of resources, and providing a high-value conversion path for the treatment of this large-scale industrial solid waste.

[0042] The raw materials for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge provided by the present invention include 0 to 6 parts of inorganic hydroxides, and in specific embodiments of the present invention, they may be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts or 6 parts, based on the mass fraction of the aluminum sludge (dry weight). In the present invention, the inorganic hydroxide preferably includes one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium aluminum double metal hydroxide and nickel aluminum double metal hydroxide. By adding inorganic hydroxides, the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge has good flame retardancy.

[0043] The raw materials for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge provided by the present invention include 3 to 8 parts of VAE latex, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials may be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts, based on the mass fraction of the aluminum sludge dry powder. The present invention effectively combines the inorganic hydroxide with the glass fiber cloth by adding VAE latex as a polymer matrix, so that the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge has excellent tensile strength and elongation.

[0044] The raw materials for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge provided by the present invention include 20 to 50 parts of water, measured by the mass fraction of the aluminum plant sludge (dry weight). In specific embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials may be 20 to 50 parts of water. In specific embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials may be 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 or 50 parts.

[0045] The present invention provides a method for preparing a fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge as described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: dispersing the prepared raw materials to obtain a mixed liquid, and drying the mixed liquid to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge.

[0046] In the present invention, the dispersion treatment preferably includes ultrasonic dispersion and / or stirring dispersion. In the present invention, the time of the ultrasonic dispersion is preferably 15 to 60 minutes, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes, 45 minutes, 50 minutes, 55 minutes or 60 minutes; the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is preferably 80 to 120W, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 80W, 85W, 90W, 95W, 100W, 105W, 110W, 115W or 120W. In the present invention, the stirring and mixing time is preferably 0.5 to 3 hours, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 0.5 hours, 1 hours, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours or 3 hours; the stirring and mixing speed is preferably 500 to 1000 r / min, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 500 r / min, 550 r / min, 600 r / min, 650 r / min, 700 r / min, 750 r / min, 800 r / min, 850 r / min, 900 r / min, 950 r / min or 1000 r / min. The present invention utilizes dispersion treatment to avoid the agglomeration phenomenon of magnesium hydroxide and biomass calcium material powder, and enhances the flame retardant properties, tensile strength and elongation of the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge through the synergistic effect of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum sludge.

[0047] In the present invention, the drying preferably includes one or more of room temperature drying, normal pressure heating drying and vacuum heating drying. In the present invention, the temperature of the room temperature drying is preferably room temperature, and the time is preferably 10 to 60 minutes, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes, 45 minutes, 50 minutes, 55 minutes or 60 minutes. In the present invention, the temperature of the normal pressure heating drying is preferably 30 to 90 degrees Celsius, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 30 degrees Celsius, 35 degrees Celsius, 40 degrees Celsius, 45 degrees Celsius, 50 degrees Celsius, 55 degrees Celsius, 60 degrees Celsius, 65 degrees Celsius, 70 degrees Celsius, 75 degrees Celsius, 80 degrees Celsius, 85 degrees Celsius or 90 degrees Celsius; the time of the normal pressure heating drying is preferably 5 to 30 minutes, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes or 30 minutes. In the present invention, the temperature of the vacuum heating drying is preferably 30-90°C, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C or 90°C; the time of the vacuum heating drying is preferably 5-30 min, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min or 30 min.

[0048] The present invention also provides the use of the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge described in the above technical solution or the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in cable tape. The fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge provided by the present invention is prepared by ball milling, mixing, coating, and drying steps. The prepared fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge has excellent mechanical properties, flame retardant properties, and tensile strength, and the manufacturing process is simple, the raw materials are easily available, the environment is friendly, and the cost is low. It has a good application prospect as a cable tape.

[0049] The present invention provides a flame-retardant cable, comprising a cable substrate and a fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge coated on the surface of the cable substrate. In the present invention, the material of the cable substrate preferably comprises glass fiber cloth. The thickness of the fire-retardant material based on aluminum sludge in the present invention is preferably 0.16 to 0.22 mm, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 0.16 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.21 mm or 0.22 mm.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for preparing the flame-retardant cable described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: dispersing the raw materials for preparing the fire-proof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge described in the above technical solution to obtain a mixed liquid, coating the mixed liquid on a cable substrate and then drying to obtain a flame-retardant cable.

[0051] In the present invention, the coating preferably includes dip coating and / or wire rod coating. In the present invention, the number of dip coating is preferably 1 to 4 times, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 1 time, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times; the time of a single dip coating is preferably 3 to 10 minutes, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes, 9 minutes or 10 minutes. In the present invention, the number of wire rod coating is preferably 1 to 4 times, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 1 time, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times; the thickness of a single wire rod coating is preferably 10 to 200 μm, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 160 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, 190 μm or 200 μm.

[0052] In the present invention, the conditions for the dispersion treatment and drying are the same as the conditions for mixing and drying the aforementioned fire retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge and its preparation method and application, flame-retardant cable and its preparation method provided by the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In the following example, the method for preparing the aluminum plant sludge dry powder is as follows: the aluminum plant sludge is placed in a freeze dryer, freeze-dried at -44°C and 20Pa for 12 hours, and ground to obtain the aluminum plant sludge dry powder with a particle size of 0.074 to 0.45 mm.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Add 5 parts of aluminum plant sludge dry powder, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion, ultrasonicate at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stir at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; use a high-precision linear coater (25 μm) to apply the mixed solution on a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm), and then heat and dry at normal pressure at 80°C for 10 minutes; repeat the above-mentioned coating and drying process for a total of 3 times to obtain an aluminum plant sludge flame retardant tape.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] 3.33 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 1.67 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was applied to a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm) using a high-precision linear coater (25 μm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80° C. for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / magnesium hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] 2.5 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 2.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was applied to a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm) using a high-precision linear coater (25 μm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80° C. for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / magnesium hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] 1.67 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 3.33 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was applied to a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm) using a high-precision linear coater (25 μm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80° C. for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / magnesium hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] 1.67 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 3.33 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; a high-precision linear coater (25 μm) was used to coat the mixed solution on a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80°C for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / aluminum hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] 1.67 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 3.33 parts of magnesium aluminum double hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, and ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; a high-precision linear coater (25 μm) was used to apply the mixed solution on a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80°C for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated for a total of 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / magnesium aluminum double hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0067] Example 7

[0068] 1.67 parts of aluminum sludge dry powder, 3.33 parts of nickel aluminum double metal hydroxide, 40 parts of water, and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, and ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; a high-precision linear coater (25 μm) was used to coat the mixed solution on a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80°C for 10 minutes; the above-mentioned coating and drying process was repeated for a total of 3 times to obtain an aluminum sludge / nickel aluminum double metal hydroxide flame retardant tape.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] 5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 40 parts of water and 4 parts of VAE emulsion were added, ultrasonicated at a power of 100 W for 30 minutes, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 1 hour in a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was applied to a glass fiber cloth (thickness of 0.15 mm) using a high-precision linear coater (25 μm), and then heated and dried at normal pressure at 80° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; the above-mentioned drying process after coating was repeated for a total of 3 times to obtain a magnesium hydroxide flame-retardant tape.

[0071] Test Example 1

[0072] Performance Evaluation

[0073] The flame retardant tapes prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested for flame retardancy, oxygen index, gram weight and mechanical properties.

[0074] 1. Flame retardancy test: The oxygen index of the tape is measured in an oxygen index tester. Under specified conditions, the material has the minimum oxygen concentration required for flame combustion in an oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas flow. The lower the oxygen index (LOI), the easier the material burns.

[0075] 2. Thickness and weight test: Cut the strap into a circle with a diameter of 10 cm and test the thickness and weight.

[0076] 3. Mechanical property test: Cut the tape into strip samples of 250 mm × 40 mm and test them at 50 mm / min in a universal tensile testing machine.

[0077] Figure 1 The X-ray diffraction pattern of aluminum sludge used in the examples. Figure 1 It can be seen that aluminum plant sludge is mainly composed of boehmite and bayerite. Boehmite and bayerite are highly insulating materials that can effectively improve the insulation of the tape. In addition, aluminum plant sludge releases a large amount of water when it is thermally decomposed, which can effectively dilute the concentration of combustible gas and reduce the combustion-supporting effect of combustible gas. At the same time, Al2O3 produced after the decomposition of boehmite is a dense refractory material that can cover the surface of the material and combine with carbon to form a dense protective layer, inhibiting the generation of combustible gas, playing a role in heat insulation and oxygen isolation, thereby achieving flame retardant and smoke suppression effects. This dual effect makes aluminum plant sludge an effective flame retardant material.

[0078] Figure 2 The thermogravimetric curves of aluminum sludge and magnesium hydroxide. As can be seen from the figure, aluminum sludge decomposes in a wide temperature range, magnesium hydroxide begins to decompose at 300°C, and the residual solids of aluminum sludge and magnesium hydroxide exceed 50wt% at 1000°C, indicating that aluminum sludge and magnesium hydroxide can effectively play a gas phase flame retardant and condensation flame retardant mechanism.

[0079] Table 1 shows the performance test results of the flame retardant tapes prepared in the examples and comparative examples.

[0080] sample LOI / % Thickness / mm <![CDATA[Grammage / (g / m 2 )]]> Tensile strength / MPa Elongation / % Example 1 90 0.16～0.18 187 143.49 6.11 Example 2 100 0.17～0.19 191 136.27 5.69 Example 3 100 0.17～0.19 193 126.27 5.55 Example 4 100 0.18～0.19 198 142.18 5.93 Example 5 100 0.17～0.19 198 140.24 5.83 Example 6 100 0.18～0.20 200 139.67 5.80 Example 7 100 0.18～0.19 199 141.96 5.79 Comparative Example 1 100 0.18～0.20 203 145.15 5.65

[0081] As can be seen from Table 1, Examples 1 to 4 have very high oxygen indexes, all higher than 90%, and are extremely difficult to burn. While maintaining a high oxygen index, Example 4 has better tensile strength and elongation than other compounding ratios, and its gram weight and thickness are similar to other compounding ratios. Therefore, Example 4 is the best compounding ratio, so the aluminum sludge powder is compounded with different hydroxides in the same ratio as Example 4 to produce Examples 5 to 7.

[0082] Examples 4 to 7 compare the performance of aluminum sludge and different hydroxides in the same ratio. It can be seen that Example 4 has a high oxygen index, low weight, high tensile strength and elongation, and the best comprehensive performance. Therefore, considering all the properties of the tape, the aluminum sludge / magnesium hydroxide flame retardant tape of Example 4 has the best performance, and has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical properties, and high flame retardancy.

[0083] The comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is the performance of flame retardant tape containing only aluminum sludge and only magnesium hydroxide at the same addition amount. It can be seen that the gram weight and elongation of Example 1 are 187g / m2 and 6.11%, both better than comparative example 1. In addition, the oxygen index and tensile strength of Example 1 are 90% and 143.49 MPa, respectively, which are similar to those of comparative example 1. Therefore, considering all the properties of the tape, the flame retardant tape of Example 1 has the best performance, and has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical properties and high flame retardancy.

[0084] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge, wherein the raw materials for preparation include, by weight: 1-6 parts of aluminum plant sludge (dry weight), 0-6 parts of inorganic hydroxide, 3-8 parts of VAE latex, and 20-50 parts of water.

2. The fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum plant sludge comprises one or more of boehmite, bayerite, α-alumina and β-alumina; The aluminum plant sludge is first dehydrated and dried and then crushed and refined before use to obtain aluminum plant sludge dry powder; The particle size of the aluminum plant sludge dry powder is 0.074-0.45 mm.

3. The fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic hydroxide includes one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium aluminum double hydroxide and nickel aluminum double hydroxide.

4. The method for preparing the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: The prepared raw materials are dispersed to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is dried to obtain a fire-proof and flame-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dispersion treatment includes ultrasonic dispersion and / or stirring dispersion; The ultrasonic dispersion time is 15 to 60 minutes, and the power is 80 to 120 W; The stirring and mixing time is 0.5 to 3 hours, and the speed is 500 to 1000 r / min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drying includes one or more of room temperature drying, normal pressure heating drying and vacuum heating drying; The room temperature drying time is 10 to 60 minutes; The temperature of the normal pressure heating drying is 30 to 90°C and the time is 5 to 30 minutes; The vacuum heating drying is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 90° C. and for a time of 5 to 30 minutes.

7. Use of the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the fire-retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge obtained by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 4 to 6 in cable tape.

8. A flame retardant cable, comprising a cable substrate and a fire retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge coated on the surface of the cable substrate.

9. The method for preparing the flame-retardant cable according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: The raw materials for preparing the fireproof and flame retardant material based on aluminum plant sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are dispersed to obtain a mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is coated on a cable substrate and then dried to obtain a flame retardant cable.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The dispersion treatment includes ultrasonic dispersion and / or stirring dispersion; The ultrasonic dispersion time is 15 to 60 minutes, and the power is 80 to 120 W; The stirring and mixing time is 0.5 to 3 hours, and the speed is 500 to 1000 r / min; The drying includes one or more of room temperature drying, normal pressure heating drying and vacuum heating drying.

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