Light L-shaped prefabricated part, channel and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a light L-shaped prefabricated part, a channel and a construction method, the light L-shaped prefabricated part is formed by splicing an L-shaped prefabricated bottom plate and a prefabricated vertical plate through mortises and tenons, and the discrete part is light in weight and convenient to load and transport; the channel comprises light L-shaped prefabricated parts and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete plate, the multiple light L-shaped prefabricated parts are oppositely arranged on the two sides of a channel base of the channel, the cast-in-place reinforced concrete plate is arranged on the portion, between the light L-shaped prefabricated parts on the two sides, of the bottom face of the channel, and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete plate comprises steel bars inserted into joint bar holes of the light L-shaped prefabricated parts on the two sides. The terrain of the channel assembled by the light L-shaped prefabricated parts can adapt to the shape of a wide and narrow channel base, and the obtained rectangular channel occupies a small land area compared with a trapezoidal channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation equipment, and in particular to an assembled component, a channel and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Irrigation channels and their construction are a vital part of agricultural irrigation system construction. Existing concrete channels are mainly cast-in-place models, which have the defects of long construction period, waste of resources, environmental pollution and low efficiency. To solve this defect, there are also factories that prefabricate channel components with mortise and tenon structures, which are transported to the site for assembly, which greatly shortens the construction period and makes up for the above defects. However, the existing factory-prefabricated channel components also have the following defects: 1. The components at the bottom of the channel are integral (such as a water conservancy project assembled modular channel disclosed in Publication No. CN219137602U and an assembled drainage channel disclosed in Publication No. CN216920617U); 2. The assembled channel has a trapezoidal longitudinal section.

[0003] Due to the above two defects, the following technical problems are caused: The first defect brings about the following technical problems: first, the integral components are difficult to transport; the second, and also the most prominent technical problem, is that the terrain where irrigation channels can be laid may be wide or narrow. There will naturally be no obstacles in laying irrigation channels of a certain size on wide terrain. However, irrigation channels of a certain size cannot be laid on narrow terrain and the channel base must be widened, which may not be permitted by the planning department.

[0004] The second defect brings about a technical problem: the trapezoidal channel occupies a large area of ​​land.

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems, a new type of lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component, channel and construction method are needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include three aspects. The first aspect is: a light L-shaped prefabricated component is used to construct an irrigation channel, including a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate and the vertical plate are assembled by mortise and tenon joints, and a reserved grouting groove is provided at the mortise and tenon joint of the light L-shaped prefabricated component, and a concrete slurry containing a steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent is injected into the reserved grouting groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the base plate is an L-shaped concrete precast component formed integrally of a vertical body and a horizontal body, the top surface of the vertical body of the base plate is provided with a reserved grouting groove, the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove is provided with a mortise structure, and a plurality of rebar insertion holes are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal body of the base plate away from the vertical body; the vertical plate is a straight concrete precast component, and its upper and lower end surfaces are both provided with mortise structures.

[0008] Furthermore, the mortise structure of the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove is a plurality of evenly distributed bottom plate mortise holes; the mortise structure of the upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical plate is a plurality of vertical plate mortise holes, the vertical plate mortise holes and the bottom plate mortise holes have corresponding positions, equal diameters, and equal numbers, and the bottom plate mortise holes and the vertical plate mortise holes are both blind holes; It also includes multiple precast concrete mortise columns of reinforced concrete structure, the outer diameter of the precast concrete mortise column is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical plate mortise and the bottom plate mortise, the axial height of the precast concrete mortise column is slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the vertical plate mortise and the bottom plate mortise, and each precast concrete mortise column of the reinforced concrete structure is inserted in a corresponding set of vertical plate mortise and bottom plate mortise.

[0009] Furthermore, the mortise structure on the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove is a bottom plate mortise; the mortise structure on the upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical plate is a vertical plate mortise, and the bottom plate mortise corresponds to the vertical plate mortise in position and is equal in size.

[0010] It also includes a concrete precast tenon plate, the height of the concrete precast tenon plate is slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the bottom plate mortise and the vertical plate mortise, the cross-sectional width of the concrete precast tenon plate is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional widths of the bottom plate mortise and the vertical plate mortise, and the concrete precast tenon plate is inserted in the bottom plate mortise and the vertical plate mortise.

[0011] Furthermore, elliptical through holes are provided on both end surfaces of the precast concrete tenon plate, and hollow holes are provided on both side surfaces, and the hollow holes are connected to the through holes.

[0012] Furthermore, first water stop grooves are provided on both sides of the bottom plate, and second water stop grooves are provided on both sides of the vertical plate; the first water stop groove and the second water stop groove are used to embed the water stop strip.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing bar holes are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal body of the bottom plate away from the vertical body.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention is an irrigation channel based on the lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component of the first aspect.

[0015] A plurality of light L-shaped prefabricated components are arranged on both sides of the channel foundation, and the channel bottom surface between the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab, which includes steel bars inserted in the rebar holes of the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention is an irrigation channel construction method using light L-shaped prefabricated components.

[0017] The steps are as follows: Step 1: Preparation before construction: The construction site needs to be cleaned and leveled to ensure that the foundation ground is flat and free of debris; the lightweight L-shaped prefabricated components are inspected to ensure that the component surface is not damaged or deformed, and the connection parts such as mortise, installation bumps, installation grooves, concrete prefabricated tenon columns or concrete prefabricated tenon plates are free of defects; Step 2: Lift the base plate of the L-shaped prefabricated structure to the designated location; Step 3: Installation of precast concrete tenon columns or precast concrete tenon boards: Before inserting the precast concrete tenon columns or precast concrete tenon boards, check the matching of their sizes with the mortise holes or mortise grooves of the bottom plate to ensure a smooth installation process. Insert each precast concrete tenon column into the mortise hole of the bottom plate or the precast concrete tenon board into the mortise groove of the bottom plate; after insertion, adjust the verticality of the tenon, and temporarily fix it with support to prevent it from shifting or loosening during construction; Step 4: Installation of vertical panels of L-shaped prefabricated structures: When hoisting the vertical panels to the designated location, they need to be placed slowly to ensure that the tenons are accurately aligned with the mortises or grooves on the vertical panels; pads should be used to support the vertical panels when they are placed to avoid tilting or movement due to the weight of the vertical panels. If necessary, slight adjustments can be made to make the connection between the vertical panels and the base panels tighter; Step 5: Inject concrete slurry containing iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent: Before grouting, ensure the normal operation of the grouting equipment to prevent uneven grouting or blockage during the construction process. Block one end of the reserved grouting groove and grout under pressure at the other end. During the grouting process, monitor the flow of the slurry in real time to ensure that the reserved grouting groove is evenly filled with slurry. Step 6: Assembling the L-shaped prefabricated structure: When assembling the base plate of the second L-shaped prefabricated structure, carefully check the alignment of the installation groove and the installation protrusion. If necessary, slightly adjust the direction or position of the base plate to ensure that the two fit tightly. After each assembly step, check the joints to ensure that there are no obvious gaps and the overall assembly is flat and stable; Step 7: Repeat steps 3, 4, 5 and 6 to complete the assembly of the overall structure; Step 8: Waterstop installation: The waterstop should be made of materials with good elasticity and durability to ensure that it can maintain good sealing performance during long-term use; the waterstop should be evenly embedded in the first waterstop groove and the second waterstop groove, and the waterstop should be prevented from being twisted or broken during embedding; Step 9: Inspection and adjustment: After assembly, conduct a comprehensive inspection of all parts of the entire L-shaped prefabricated structure, including the connection between the bottom plate and the vertical plate, the reserved grouting groove, and the water stop strip to ensure that all parts are tightly connected and there is no omission; Step 10: Insert the steel bars at the bottom of the channel: insert the steel bars into the steel bar insertion holes on the bottom plates on both sides; Step 11: Pour channel bottom concrete to form cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab, and maintain the cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab.

[0018] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which can bring the following beneficial effects: 1. The terrain of the assembled channel can adapt to wide and narrow terrain; 2. The discrete components are lighter than the integral components and are easy to transport; 3. The rectangular channel occupies a smaller land area than the trapezoidal channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a single-part assembly axonometric drawing of the L-shaped prefabricated structure in Example 1; Figure 2 It is an exploded view of a single-part assembly of the L-shaped prefabricated structure in Example 1; Figure 3 It is an axonometric drawing of the two-part assembly of the L-shaped prefabricated structure in Example 1; Figure 4 is an axonometric view of the base plate in Example 1; Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the vertical plate in Example 1; Figure 6 It is the axonometric drawing of the single-part assembly of the L-shaped prefabricated structure in Example 2; Figure 7 It is an exploded view of a single-part assembly of an L-shaped prefabricated structure in Example 2; Figure 8 is an axonometric view of the concrete precast tenon plate in Example 2; Fig. 9 is an axonometric view of the base plate in Example 2; Fig.10 It is the stress diagram of finite element analysis of working condition 1; Fig.11 It is the stress diagram of finite element analysis of working condition 2; Fig.12 It is the normal water level potential diagram of channel condition 2; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of an irrigation channel.

[0020] In the figure: 1 is a base plate, 101 is a mounting groove, 102 is a mounting protrusion, 103 is a reserved grouting groove, 104 is a base plate mortise, 105 is a first water stop groove, 106 is a reinforcement hole, 107 is a base plate mortise, 2 is a vertical plate, 201 is a vertical plate mortise, 202 is a second water stop groove, 203 is a vertical plate mortise, 301 is a precast concrete tenon column, 302 is a precast concrete tenon plate, 4 is a water stop strip, and 5 is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0022] See also Figure 1-5 A lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component comprises a base plate 1 and a vertical plate 2. The base plate 1 is an L-shaped concrete prefabricated component formed integrally of a vertical body and a horizontal body. A reserved grouting groove 103 is provided on the top surface of the vertical body of the base plate 1. A plurality of base plate mortises 104 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove 103. The base plate mortises 104 are blind holes. In this embodiment, the depth of the base plate mortises 104 is 20 cm; a mounting groove 101 is provided on one side of the horizontal body of the base plate 1, and a mounting protrusion 102 matched with the mounting groove 101 is provided on the other side; a first water stop groove 105 is provided on both sides of the base plate 1; a plurality of reinforcing bar holes 106 are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal body of the base plate 1 away from the vertical body.

[0023] The vertical plate 2 is a straight concrete prefabricated part. The top and bottom surfaces of the vertical plate 2 have the same shape and size as the top surface of the vertical body of the bottom plate 1. A plurality of vertical plate mortise holes 201 are provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the vertical plate 2 (the vertical plate mortise holes 201 on the bottom surface are not drawn in the figure). The vertical plate mortise holes 201 correspond to the bottom plate mortise holes 104 in position, have the same diameter and the same number. The vertical plate mortise holes 201 are also blind holes. In this embodiment, the depth of the vertical plate mortise holes 201 is also 20 cm. Second water stop grooves 202 are provided on both sides of the vertical plate 2. In order to increase the stability of the L-shaped prefabricated structure, both sides of the vertical plate 2 are made into rough surfaces.

[0024] The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component also includes a plurality of prefabricated concrete columns 301 of reinforced concrete structure. The outer diameter of the prefabricated concrete column 301 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical plate mortise 201 and the bottom plate mortise 104. After the prefabricated concrete column 301 is inserted into the bottom plate mortise 104, there is a grouting spacing distance between the two inner walls of the prefabricated concrete column 301 and the reserved grouting groove 103. The axial height of the prefabricated concrete column 301 is slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the vertical plate mortise 201 and the bottom plate mortise 104.

[0025] See also Figure 1 and 2 , the single-part L-shaped prefabricated structure is assembled like this: Step 1: A plurality of prefabricated concrete tenon columns 301 are respectively inserted into the bottom plate mortise holes 104 of the bottom plate 1 .

[0026] Step 2: Lift the vertical board 2, insert the multiple prefabricated concrete tenons 301 inserted in the bottom board 1 into the vertical board mortise 201 on the bottom surface of the vertical board 2 respectively, check and adjust to make the bottom board 1 and the vertical board 2 aligned and matched.

[0027] Step 3: Pressure grouting is performed into the reserved grouting groove 103 and waiting for solidification.

[0028] Step 4: embed the water stop strip 4 into the first water stop groove 105 and the second water stop groove 202 on both sides of the L-shaped prefabricated structure.

[0029] The grouting in step 3 is a concrete slurry containing an inorganic gelling agent based on iron and steel metallurgical slag. The inorganic gelling agent based on iron and steel metallurgical slag is made of steel slag powder, blast furnace slag powder, fly ash, desulfurized gypsum industrial solid waste and stimulating materials as raw materials, and is a hydraulic gelling material made by grinding and homogenizing. The concrete slurry based on the inorganic gelling agent of the iron and steel metallurgical slag has a micro-expansion effect during the solidification process and will not produce cracks, thereby significantly improving the compactness and waterproof performance of the channel structure, and solving the technical problem of cracks caused by shrinkage during the solidification process of traditional concrete. Compared with the traditional concrete construction process, the concrete slurry based on the inorganic gelling agent of the iron and steel metallurgical slag can not only ensure the structural strength, but also effectively improve the waterproof performance.

[0030] In this embodiment, a 52.5 grade iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent is selected, and the mass ratio of the iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent in the iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent concrete slurry is 50-60%.

[0031] In step 4, the water stop strip 4 should be made of a material with good elasticity and durability to ensure that it can maintain good sealing performance during long-term use; and the water stop strip 4 should be prevented from twisting or breaking during embedding.

[0032] See also Figure 3 When assembling two or more single-part L-shaped prefabricated structures, when assembling the bottom plate 1 of the second L-shaped prefabricated structure, the alignment of the mounting groove 101 and the mounting protrusion 102 should be carefully checked. If necessary, the direction or position of the bottom plate can be slightly adjusted to ensure that the two fit tightly. Example 2

[0033] See also Figure 6-9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a different mortise and tenon connection method is adopted.

[0034] In this embodiment, the multiple bottom plate mortises 104 in the first embodiment are replaced with a bottom plate mortise 107 , the multiple vertical plate mortises 201 are replaced with a vertical plate mortise 203 , and the multiple precast concrete tenon columns 301 are replaced with a precast concrete tenon plate 302 .

[0035] The mortise structure of the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove 103 is a bottom plate mortise groove 107; the mortise structure of the upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical plate 2 is a vertical plate mortise groove 203, and the bottom plate mortise groove 107 corresponds to the vertical plate mortise groove 203 in position and has the same size; A concrete precast tenon plate 302, the height of which is slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the bottom plate mortise 107 and the vertical plate mortise 203, the cross-sectional width of which is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional widths of the bottom plate mortise 107 and the vertical plate mortise 203, the concrete precast tenon plate 302 is inserted into the bottom plate mortise 107 and the vertical plate mortise 203.

[0036] The end surface of the concrete prefabricated tenon plate 302 is provided with an elliptical through hole, and the side surface is provided with a hollow hole, which is connected with the through hole. The purpose of providing the hollow hole and the through hole is to provide a wider channel for grouting. The injected iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent fills the hollow hole and the through hole, and has a higher fullness. After solidification, it has a stronger bond strength with the concrete prefabricated tenon plate 302, thereby improving the stability of the structure. In addition, the number of components is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the possibility of missing the concrete prefabricated tenon column 301 is reduced.

[0037] Except for the above differences, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0038] The assembly method will not be described in detail. Example 3

[0039] See also Fig.13 In this embodiment, an irrigation channel based on the above-mentioned lightweight L-shaped prefabricated components is provided.

[0040] The above-mentioned light L-shaped prefabricated components are arranged on both sides of the channel foundation of the irrigation area channel, and the bottom surface of the channel is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab 5. After the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides are arranged, steel bars are inserted between the reinforcing bar holes 106 of the bottom plates 1 of the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides, and then concrete is poured.

[0041] Such irrigation channels can adapt to different channel base widths, and channels with rectangular cross-sections occupy less space than trapezoidal channels. The assembled irrigation channel components are easy to transport, the construction period is short, and the completed channel structure is stable.

[0042] See also Figure 10-12 In order to verify the stability of the structure, the finite element analysis method is used to verify it. The structural part takes a 2m long rectangular channel as the calculation unit, the channel height is 2.5m, the water level is 2m when full, the fill outside the channel is 2.3m, and the channel concrete thickness is 0.2m. The L-shaped prefabricated structure uses concrete slurry containing steel metallurgical slag-based gelling agent as the mortise and tenon structure grouting material. The compressive strength of this material is 23.5Mpa, the tensile strength is 2.64Mpa, and the anti-seepage grade is P12.

[0043] The two main working conditions are water and no water.

[0044] Working condition 1: Considering the soil pressure outside the channel, there is no water in the channel; Working condition 2: Considering the soil pressure outside the channel, the channel is full of water.

[0045] The calculation results of the two working conditions are as follows: Fig.10 , Fig.11 , under condition 2, the channel seepage calculation is as follows Fig.12 .

[0046] From the calculation results, we can know that under working condition 1, the maximum tensile stress is 1.07Mpa and the maximum compressive stress is 0.16Mpa. Under working condition 2, the maximum tensile stress is 0.69Mpa and the maximum compressive stress is 0.03Mpa. Under the two working conditions, the tensile stress and compressive stress in the channel structure did not reach the tensile and compressive strength limits of the material, indicating that the structure can operate safely under the design conditions. The tensile stress of the channel is greater under working condition 1 (no water) than working condition 2 (full water), indicating that the stress condition of the channel under the action of the outer soil pressure alone is more unfavorable, but still within the safety range. The stress distribution of the L-type prefabricated structure under the two working conditions is relatively uniform, and there is no excessive stress concentration phenomenon, which proves that the structural design has good stability and adaptability. Fig.12 The calculation results show that under working condition 2, the seepage potential is relatively large at the L-shaped prefabricated structure bottom plate and the cast bottom plate, mainly because there are two splicing surfaces here (the splicing surface between the bottom plate 1 and the vertical plate 2, and the splicing surface between the bottom plate 1 and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab 5). However, the water level potential outside the channel is 0, indicating that the channel has good anti-seepage performance and there is no water seepage on the contact surface. Example 4

[0047] This embodiment provides an irrigation channel construction method based on the above-mentioned lightweight L-shaped prefabricated components.

[0048] The steps are as follows: Step 1: Preparation before construction: The construction site needs to be cleaned and leveled to ensure that the foundation ground is flat and free of debris; the lightweight L-shaped prefabricated components are inspected to ensure that the component surface is not damaged or deformed, and the connection parts such as mortise, installation bumps, installation grooves, concrete prefabricated tenon columns or concrete prefabricated tenon plates are free of defects; Step 2: hoist the base plate 1 of the L-shaped prefabricated structure to a designated location; Step 3: Installation of precast concrete tenon columns or precast concrete tenon plates: Before inserting the precast concrete tenon columns 301 or precast concrete tenon plates 302, check the matching of their sizes with the bottom plate mortise 104 or bottom plate mortise groove 107 to ensure smooth installation. Insert each precast concrete tenon column 301 into the bottom plate mortise 104 or the precast concrete tenon plates 302 into the bottom plate mortise groove 107. After insertion, adjust the verticality of the tenon parts, and temporarily fix them by means of temporary supports to prevent them from deflecting or loosening during construction. Step 4: Installation of the vertical board of the L-shaped prefabricated structure: When lifting the vertical board 2 to the designated location, it needs to be placed slowly to ensure that the tenon is accurately aligned with the mortise or groove on the vertical board 2. When placing the vertical board 2, it is supported by pads to avoid tilting or movement due to the weight of the vertical board. If necessary, slight adjustments can be made to make the connection between the vertical board 2 and the bottom board 1 tighter; Step 5: injecting concrete slurry containing iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent: before grouting, the normal operation of the grouting equipment should be ensured to prevent uneven grouting or blockage during the construction process, by blocking one end of the reserved grouting groove 103 and grouting the other end; during the grouting process, the flow of the slurry should be monitored in real time to ensure that the reserved grouting groove 103 is evenly filled with slurry; Step 6: Assembling the L-shaped prefabricated structure: When assembling the bottom plate 1 of the second L-shaped prefabricated structure, carefully check the alignment of the mounting groove 101 and the mounting protrusion 102. If necessary, slightly adjust the direction or position of the bottom plate to ensure that the two fit tightly. After each assembly step, check the joints to ensure that there are no obvious gaps and the overall assembly is flat and stable; Step 7: Repeat steps 3, 4, 5 and 6 to complete the assembly of the overall structure; Step 8: Installation of water stop strip: The water stop strip 4 should be made of a material with good elasticity and durability to ensure that it can maintain good sealing performance in long-term use; the water stop strip 4 should be evenly embedded in the first water stop groove 105 and the second water stop groove 202, and the water stop strip should be prevented from being twisted or broken during embedding; Step 9: Inspection and adjustment: After assembly, conduct a comprehensive inspection of all parts of the entire L-shaped prefabricated structure, including the connection between the bottom plate 1 and the vertical plate 2, the reserved grouting groove 103, and the water stop strip 4, to ensure that all parts are tightly connected and there is no omission; Step 10: Inserting steel bars at the bottom of the channel: insert steel bars into the steel bar insertion holes 106 on the bottom plates 1 at both sides; Step 11: pour channel bottom concrete to form a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab 5, and maintain.

[0049] The present invention provides a light L-shaped prefabricated component, a channel and a construction method. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component, characterized in that: The invention is used for constructing irrigation channels, comprising a bottom plate (1) and a vertical plate (2), wherein the bottom plate (1) and the vertical plate (2) are assembled by mortise and tenon joints, and a reserved grouting groove (103) is provided at the mortise and tenon joints of the light L-shaped prefabricated component, and concrete slurry containing an inorganic gelling agent based on iron and steel metallurgical slag is injected into the reserved grouting groove (103).

2. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is an L-shaped concrete prefabricated part formed integrally of a vertical body and a horizontal body. The top surface of the vertical body of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a reserved grouting groove (103), the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove (103) is provided with a mortise structure, and a plurality of reinforcing bar holes (106) are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal body of the bottom plate (1) away from the vertical body. The vertical plate (2) is a straight concrete prefabricated part, and the upper and lower end surfaces thereof are both provided with mortise structures.

3. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mortise structure of the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove (103) is a plurality of evenly distributed bottom plate mortises (104); the mortise structure of the upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical plate (2) is a plurality of vertical plate mortises (201); the vertical plate mortises (201) and the bottom plate mortises (104) have corresponding positions, equal diameters, and equal numbers; the bottom plate mortises (104) and the vertical plate mortises (201) are both blind holes; The invention also comprises a plurality of precast concrete tenon columns (301) of reinforced concrete structure, wherein the outer diameter of the precast concrete tenon columns (301) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical plate mortise (201) and the bottom plate mortise (104), and the axial height of the precast concrete tenon columns (301) is slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the vertical plate mortise (201) and the bottom plate mortise (104), and each precast concrete tenon column (301) of the reinforced concrete structure is inserted into a corresponding set of vertical plate mortise (201) and bottom plate mortise (104).

4. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mortise structure on the bottom surface of the reserved grouting groove (103) is a bottom plate mortise (107); the mortise structure on the upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical plate (2) is a vertical plate mortise (203); the bottom plate mortise (107) and the vertical plate mortise (203) have corresponding positions and are equal in size; It also includes a concrete precast tenon plate (302), the height of the concrete precast tenon plate (302) being slightly smaller than the sum of the depths of the bottom plate mortise (107) and the vertical plate mortise (203), the cross-sectional width of the concrete precast tenon plate (302) being slightly smaller than the cross-sectional widths of the bottom plate mortise (107) and the vertical plate mortise (203), and the concrete precast tenon plate (302) being inserted into the bottom plate mortise (107) and the vertical plate mortise (203).

5. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to claim 4, characterized in that: Elliptical through holes are provided on both end surfaces of the prefabricated concrete tenon plate (302), and hollow holes are provided on both side surfaces, and the hollow holes are connected to the through holes.

6. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the bottom plate (1) are provided with first water stop grooves (105), and both sides of the vertical plate (2) are provided with second water stop grooves (202); the first water stop grooves (105) and the second water stop grooves (202) are used to embed the water stop strips (4).

7. The lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing bar holes (106) are evenly arranged on the end surface of the horizontal body of the bottom plate (1) away from the vertical body.

8. A channel, characterized in that The invention comprises a light L-shaped prefabricated component according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab (5), wherein a plurality of light L-shaped prefabricated components are arranged on opposite sides of a channel foundation, and the bottom surface of the channel between the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab (5), and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab (5) comprises steel bars inserted in the reinforcing bar holes (106) of the light L-shaped prefabricated components on both sides.

9. A channel construction method based on the lightweight L-shaped prefabricated component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Preparation before construction: The construction site needs to be cleaned and leveled to ensure that the foundation ground is flat and free of debris; the lightweight L-shaped prefabricated components are inspected to ensure that the component surface is not damaged or deformed, and that the mortise or mortise groove, installation bump, installation groove, concrete prefabricated tenon column or concrete prefabricated tenon plate are free of defects; Step 2: hoisting the base plate (1) of the L-shaped prefabricated structure to a designated location; Step 3: Installation of precast concrete tenon columns or precast concrete tenon plates: Before inserting the precast concrete tenon columns (301) or precast concrete tenon plates (302), check whether their sizes match the bottom plate mortise (104) or bottom plate mortise groove (107) to ensure smooth installation. Insert each precast concrete tenon column (301) into the bottom plate mortise (104) or insert the precast concrete tenon plates (302) into the bottom plate mortise groove (107). After insertion, adjust the verticality of the tenon components. Temporary supports may be used to initially fix them to prevent them from shifting or loosening during construction. Step 4: Installation of the vertical plate of the L-shaped prefabricated structure: When the vertical plate (2) is hoisted to the designated location, it needs to be placed slowly to ensure that the tenons are accurately aligned with the mortises or grooves on the vertical plate (2); when the vertical plate (2) is placed, a pad should be used for support to avoid tilting or movement due to the weight of the vertical plate (2). If necessary, slight adjustments can be made to make the connection between the vertical plate (2) and the base plate (1) tighter; Step 5: injecting concrete slurry containing iron and steel metallurgical slag-based inorganic gelling agent: before grouting, the normal operation of the grouting equipment should be ensured to prevent uneven grouting or blockage during the construction process. One end of the reserved grouting groove (103) is blocked and the other end is grouting under pressure. During the grouting process, the flow of the slurry should be monitored in real time to ensure that the reserved grouting groove (103) is evenly filled with the slurry. Step 6: Assembling the L-shaped prefabricated structure: When assembling the bottom plate (1) of the second L-shaped prefabricated structure, the alignment of the mounting groove (101) and the mounting protrusion (102) should be carefully checked; if necessary, the direction or position of the bottom plate can be slightly adjusted to ensure that the two fit tightly together. After each assembly step is completed, the joints should be checked to ensure that there are no obvious gaps and that the overall assembly is flat and stable; Step 7: Repeat steps 3, 4, 5 and 6 to complete the assembly of the overall structure; Step 8: Installation of the water stop strip: The water stop strip (4) should be made of a material with good elasticity and durability to ensure that it can maintain good sealing performance during long-term use; the water stop strip (4) should be evenly embedded in the first water stop groove (105) and the second water stop groove (202), and the water stop strip should be prevented from being twisted or broken during embedding; Step 9: Inspection and adjustment: After assembly is completed, all parts of the entire L-shaped prefabricated structure are comprehensively inspected, including the connection between the bottom plate and the vertical plate, the reserved grouting groove (103), and the water stop strip (4), to ensure that all parts are tightly connected and not missing; Step 10: Inserting steel bars at the bottom of the channel: inserting steel bars into the steel bar insertion holes (106) on the bottom plates (1) at both sides; Step 11: pouring channel bottom concrete to form a cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab (5), and curing the cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab (5).

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