Testing device for simulating grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling of broken surrounding rock of roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to a test device for simulating roadway broken surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling, and belongs to the technical field of roadway support tests, the test device comprises an inner frame, an outer frame, a first sealing plate, a second sealing plate and an anchor rod; the outer frame body is arranged on the peripheral side of the inner frame piece; the first sealing plate is arranged at the opening end of the outer frame body, and a material placing area is defined by the inner frame piece, the outer frame body and the first sealing plate; the second sealing plate is arranged at the open end of the material containing area, and grouting holes communicating with the material containing area are formed in the surface of the second sealing plate. The multiple sets of anchor rods are distributed around the peripheral side of the inner frame part at equal intervals, and the two ends, in the length direction, of each anchor rod penetrate through and are connected to the inner frame part and the outer frame part correspondingly. By adopting the test device for simulating the grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling of the roadway broken surrounding rock, the grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling roadway surrounding rock can be manufactured by utilizing self-design, so that the characteristics of the roadway broken surrounding rock can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support testing, in particular to a testing device for simulating tunnel fracture surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling. Background Art

[0002] In underground projects, the stability of tunnel surrounding rock is one of the key factors to ensure project safety. Due to the development of joints and loose structure, the crushed surrounding rock of the tunnel is prone to deformation and damage, thus affecting the safety of the project. In order to improve the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, commonly used reinforcement methods include grouting reinforcement and anchor support. Grouting reinforcement is to inject grout into the cracks and gaps in the surrounding rock to improve the density and strength of the surrounding rock. Anchor support is used to limit the deformation of tunnel surrounding rock.

[0003] Due to the complex environment of underground engineering, a single reinforcement method often fails to meet the stability requirements of the tunnel, so it is particularly important to study the support method of the tunnel surrounding rock. At present, similar simulation tests are usually conducted in the laboratory to explore the effects of various reinforcement methods on the fragmented surrounding rock of the tunnel. In response to the above phenomenon, the inventor invented a test device that simulates the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor rods for the fragmented surrounding rock of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for simulating grouting reinforcement and anchor coupling of tunnel fractured surrounding rock, and to produce tunnel surrounding rock with grouting reinforcement and anchor coupling by using the self-designed test device to simulate the characteristics of underground tunnel fractured surrounding rock.

[0005] The present invention provides a test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor rods for the broken surrounding rock of a tunnel, which adopts the following technical scheme: A test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor rods in broken surrounding rock of a tunnel, comprising: include: Inner frame parts; An outer frame body, arranged on the peripheral side of the inner frame member; A first sealing plate is arranged at one end of the opening of the outer frame, and the inner frame, the outer frame and the first sealing plate form a material placement area; A second sealing plate is arranged at the open end of the material placement area, and a grouting hole communicating with the material placement area is opened on the surface of the second sealing plate; There are multiple groups of anchor rods, which are evenly distributed around the inner frame. Both ends of the anchor rods in the length direction pass through and are connected to the inner frame and the outer frame respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the inner frame member comprises an inner frame body and an extrusion assembly, and the extrusion assembly is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of the extrusion assembly correspond to the multiple groups of anchor rods in a one-to-one correspondence; The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion piece and an extension plate, the extrusion piece is threadedly connected to the anchor rod, the extension plate is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through, the inner frame is provided with a slide groove on the side facing the material loading area, the extrusion piece is slidably connected in the slide groove along the length direction of the anchor rod, and the extension plate is arranged on the side of the extrusion piece facing the material loading area.

[0007] Preferably, when the extrusion member is located in the slide groove, the expansion plate is in a state of being attached to the side wall of the inner frame, and the edges of adjacent expansion plates are in a state of being in contact with each other.

[0008] Preferably, each group of the anchor rods is provided with two, and the plurality of anchor rods are equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the inner frame; The extrusion assembly also includes a rotating block. Two bricks are arranged in each group of the extrusion assembly. The extrusion component is provided with a through hole for placing the rotating block. The rotating block is rotatably connected to the wall of the through hole. The rotation axis of the rotating block is perpendicular to the central axis of the anchor rod. The rotating block is provided with a threaded hole threadedly connected to the anchor rod.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing strip is provided on the edge of one side of the first sealing plate facing the material placement area, the cross section of the sealing strip is L-shaped, and a sealing groove for the sealing strip to slide into is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the outer frame; A first embedding groove for placing the end of the inner frame is formed on one side of the first sealing plate facing the material placement area.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing ring plate is provided on the side of the second sealing plate facing the material placement area, and a sealing ring groove for the sealing ring plate to be placed is provided at the end of the outer frame; A second embedding groove for placing the end of the inner frame is formed on one side of the second sealing plate facing the material placement area.

[0011] Preferably, the second sealing plate is provided with a through reserved hole, and the reserved hole is in communication with the central portion of the inner frame.

[0012] Preferably, the grouting holes are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of grouting holes are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the surface of the second sealing plate; A grouting channel is opened inside the second sealing plate, and the grouting channel is arranged in multiple groups. The multiple groups of grouting channels correspond to the multiple groups of grouting holes in a one-to-one state. Each group of grouting channels includes multiple grouting channels, and the multiple grouting channels in each group are connected with the grouting holes. The ends of the multiple grouting channels away from the grouting holes penetrate to the side of the second sealing plate facing the material loading area.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the second sealing plate is provided with penetrating observation holes, and the observation holes are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of observation holes are distributed in a circular array around the reserved holes.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing cover plate for opening and closing the observation hole is rotatably connected to the surface of the second sealing plate; The grouting hole is opened on the sealing cover plate. When the sealing cover plate covers the observation hole, the grouting channel inside the sealing cover plate is in a communicating state with the grouting channel inside the outer frame.

[0015] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention includes an inner frame, an outer frame, a first sealing plate, a second sealing plate and anchor rods, wherein the inner frame, the outer frame, the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate together enclose a material placement area for filling gravel, and grouting is injected into the material placement area through grouting holes opened in the second sealing plate for reinforcement, wherein the anchor rods play a supporting role, thereby simulating the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel, so as to facilitate the staff to conduct grouting reinforcement and anchor rod coupling support tests.

[0016] 2. The inner frame member in the present invention includes an inner frame body and an extrusion assembly, wherein the extrusion assembly includes an extrusion member and an expansion plate. The extrusion member is threadedly connected to the anchor rod. The anchor rod is rotated to make the extrusion member slide in the slide groove. When the extrusion member moves toward the loading area, the expansion plate abuts against the gravel in the loading area, thereby extruding the gravel, which is beneficial to the forming of the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides multiple groups of grouting channels, and each group of grouting channels has multiple grouting channels. The outlets of the grouting channels are located on the side of the second sealing plate facing the material placement area. During grouting from the grouting holes, the slurry will flow from different grouting channels to the material placement area, thereby making the distribution of the slurry in the material placement area more uniform and more conducive to the formation of the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a test device for simulating grouting reinforcement of broken surrounding rock in a tunnel and coupling with anchor rods provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the second sealing plate is disassembled; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the first sealing plate is disassembled; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the test device in a side view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the partial structure of the second sealing plate of the grouting channel.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. inner frame member; 11. inner frame body; 111. slide groove; 12. extrusion assembly; 121. extrusion member; 122. extension plate; 123. perforation; 13. turn block; 131. threaded hole; 2. outer frame body; 21. sealing groove; 22. sealing ring groove; 3. first sealing plate; 31. sealing strip plate; 32. first embedded groove; 4. second sealing plate; 41. grouting hole; 411. grouting channel; 42. sealing ring plate; 43. second embedded groove; 44. reserved hole; 45. observation hole; 46. sealing cover plate; 5. anchor rod; 6. material placement area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0021] The invention provides a test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor rods in broken surrounding rocks of a tunnel.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor rods of broken surrounding rock of a tunnel, comprising an inner frame 1, an outer frame 2, a first sealing plate 3, a second sealing plate 4 and an anchor rod 5; wherein the outer frame 2 is sleeved on the peripheral side of the inner frame 1, and the inner frame 1 in this embodiment is located at the center of the outer frame 2, the first sealing plate 3 and the second sealing plate 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the outer frame 2, and the anchor rod 5 is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of anchor rods 5 are equidistantly distributed around the peripheral side of the inner frame 1, and the two ends of the anchor rod 5 in the length direction respectively pass through and are connected to the side walls of the inner frame 1 and the outer frame 2, and the two ends of the anchor rod 5 in the length direction are respectively threaded with nuts to fix the anchor rod 5; That is, the inner frame 1, the outer frame 2 and the first sealing plate 3 enclose a loading area 6 for filling gravel, the second sealing plate 4 is used to block the open end of the loading area 6, the anchor rod 5 supports the gravel in the loading area 6, and the surface of the second sealing plate 4 is provided with grouting holes 41 to inject slurry into the loading area 6, thereby forming a tunnel gravel surrounding rock coupled with the grouting reinforcement and the anchor rod 5.

[0024] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner frame 1 includes an inner frame body 11 and an extrusion assembly 12, wherein the extrusion assembly 12 is provided in multiple groups. In this embodiment, the extrusion assembly 12 is optimally provided in ten groups, and the anchor rods 5 are optimally provided in ten groups, and each group of extrusion assemblies 12 is connected to a corresponding group of anchor rods 5.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The extrusion assembly 12 includes an extrusion piece 121 and an extension plate 122. The extrusion piece 121 is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 5. The extension plate 122 is provided with a through hole 123 for the anchor rod 5 to pass through, that is, the anchor rod 5 is in a state of being penetrated by the extrusion piece 121 and the extension plate 122; a slide groove 111 is provided on the side of the inner frame 11 facing the material loading area 6, the extrusion piece 121 is slidably connected in the slide groove 111 along the length direction of the anchor rod 5, and the extension plate 122 is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion piece 121 facing the material loading area 6. The two sides of the width direction of the extrusion piece 121 in this embodiment are in a state of being in contact with the groove wall of the slide groove 111, that is, the slide groove 111 plays a guiding role for the extrusion piece 121. Remove the nuts at both ends of the anchor rod 5, rotate the anchor rod 5, so that the extrusion piece 121 drives the expansion plate 122 to move in the direction of the gravel in the material placement area 6, until the expansion plate 122 squeezes the gravel, and the expansion plate 122 is in full contact with the gravel to facilitate the molding of the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel; at the same time, when the extrusion piece 121 is located in the slide groove 111, the expansion plate 122 is in a state of being in contact with the side wall of the inner frame 11, that is, the expansion plate 122 located on the arc surface of the inner frame 11 is curved, and the expansion plate 122 located on the plane of the inner frame 11 is flat, and the edges of adjacent expansion plates 122 are in a state of abutting each other, thereby avoiding the generation of gaps and reducing the influence of the expansion plate 122 on the shape of the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first sealing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end facing the material loading area 6 with a sealing strip plate 31, and the circumferential inner wall of the outer frame 2 is provided with a sealing groove 21 for the sealing strip plate 31 to slide into. The arc surface of the first sealing plate 3 is slid into from the bottom of the outer frame 2, which is not only convenient for installation, but also has a good sealing effect; at the same time, the first sealing plate 3 is provided with a first embedding groove 32 for the end of the inner frame 11 to be placed on the side facing the material loading area 6, thereby playing a role in positioning the inner frame 11. The second sealing plate 4 is fixedly connected to the side facing the material loading area 6 with a sealing ring plate 42, and the end of the outer frame 2 is provided with a sealing ring groove 22 for the sealing ring plate 42 to be placed in; at the same time, the second sealing plate 4 is provided with a second embedding groove 43 for the end of the inner frame 11 to be placed on the side facing the material loading area 6, thereby playing a role in positioning the inner frame 11.

[0027] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5, there are multiple groups of grouting holes 41 opened in the second sealing plate 4. In this embodiment, four groups of grouting holes 41 are preferably arranged. The four groups of grouting holes 41 are evenly distributed on the surface of the second sealing plate 4 in a circular shape. Grouting channels 411 are opened inside the second sealing plate 4. There are multiple groups of grouting channels 411. In this embodiment, there are four groups of grouting channels 411, and the four groups of grouting channels 411 are in a one-to-one correspondence with the four groups of grouting holes 41. Each group of grouting channels 411 includes multiple grouting channels 411, that is, multiple grouting channels 411 in each group are connected with the grouting holes 41. One end of the grouting channel 411 away from the grouting hole 41 passes through the side of the second sealing plate 4 facing the material placement area 6. The slurry injected from the grouting hole 41 will flow from different grouting channels 411 to the material placement area 6, so that the distribution of the slurry in the material placement area 6 is more uniform, which is more conducive to the formation of the gravel surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The second sealing plate 4 is provided with a through reserved hole 44, which is in communication with the center of the inner frame 11, so that the staff can fasten the anchor rod 5 at one end of the inner frame 11. The second sealing plate 4 is provided with a through observation hole 45, which is used to add gravel or slurry to the material storage area 6. There are multiple groups of observation holes 45. In this embodiment, the observation holes 45 are optimally provided with four groups, and the four groups of observation holes 45 are distributed in a circular array around the reserved hole 44. The surface of the second sealing plate 4 is rotatably connected with a sealing cover plate 46 for opening and closing the observation hole 45. The grouting hole 41 in this embodiment is provided on the sealing cover plate 46. When the sealing cover plate 46 covers the observation hole 45, the grouting channel 411 located inside the sealing cover plate 46 is in communication with the grouting channel 411 located inside the outer frame 2.

[0029] Example 2 Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the extrusion assembly 12 also includes a rotating block 13, and each group of anchor rods 5 includes two, and the two anchor rods 5 are distributed along the length direction of the inner frame 11. There are two rotating blocks 13 in each group of extrusion assemblies 12, and the extrusion piece 121 is provided with a through hole for the rotating block 13 to be placed. The rotating block 13 is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the through hole, and the rotating blocks 13 are distributed at both ends of the length direction of the extrusion piece 121. The rotation axis of the rotating block 13 is perpendicular to the central axis of the anchor rod 5, and the rotating block 13 is provided with a threaded hole 131 that is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 5. The two sides of the extrusion piece 121 in the width direction of this embodiment are in a state of being in contact with the groove wall of the slide groove 111, and the two ends of the extrusion piece 121 in the length direction and the opposite two side walls of the slide groove 111 in the length direction have gaps. Therefore, by rotating one of the anchor rods 5 in each group, one side of the extrusion piece 121 in the length direction can slide out or slide into the slide groove 111, so as to have an extrusion effect on the gravel in the material placement area 6 corresponding to the rotating anchor rod 5.

[0030] An experimental method for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchor bolts in tunnel crushed stone surrounding rock: The first sealing plate 3 is installed on one side of the outer frame 2, and the inner frame 1 is placed in the first embedding groove 32 of the first sealing plate 3. At this time, the outer frame 2 is in a state of being sleeved with the inner frame 1, and the first sealing plate 3, the inner frame 1 and the outer frame 2 are in a horizontal state, that is, the open end of the material placement area 6 is facing upward, and mounting holes are opened in the inner frame 1 and the outer frame 2 to install the anchor rod 5. Sufficient gravel is filled into the material placement area 6 surrounded by the inner frame 1, the outer frame 2 and the first sealing plate 3, and then the second sealing plate 4 is fixed to the end of the outer frame 2 by means of screws, that is, the second sealing plate 4 plays a role of blocking the material placement area 6; The anchor rod 5 is rotated to make the extrusion piece 121 slide out of the chute 111. At this time, the extrusion piece 121 exerts an extrusion effect on the crushed stones in the material placement area 6. The grout is injected into the material placement area 6 through the grouting hole 41 to cure the materials in the material placement area 6. Then, the mold is removed to obtain the surrounding rock mass of the crushed stones in the roadway. In the simulation test, metal rods were used instead of anchor rods 5. Axial force, shear force and bending moment were applied to simulate the loads borne by anchor rods 5 in actual engineering. Sensors and measuring equipment were used to collect data such as deformation and stress of metal rods and rock and soil to evaluate the effect of grouting reinforcement and anchor rod 5 coupling on the gravel surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0031] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchoring of broken surrounding rock in a tunnel, characterized in that: include: Inner frame member (1); An outer frame (2) is arranged on the peripheral side of the inner frame member (1); A first sealing plate (3) is arranged at one end of the opening of the outer frame (2), and the inner frame (1), the outer frame (2) and the first sealing plate (3) form a material placement area (6); A second sealing plate (4) is arranged at the open end of the material placement area (6), and a grouting hole (41) communicating with the material placement area (6) is provided on the surface of the second sealing plate (4); A plurality of anchor rods (5) are provided, and the plurality of anchor rods (5) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner frame member (1). Both ends of the anchor rods (5) in the length direction pass through and are connected to the inner frame member (1) and the outer frame body (2) respectively.

2. The test device for simulating tunnel fractured surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner frame member (1) comprises an inner frame body (11) and an extrusion assembly (12); the extrusion assembly (12) is provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the extrusion assembly (12) are in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of groups of anchor rods (5); The extrusion assembly (12) comprises an extrusion piece (121) and an expansion plate (122); the extrusion piece (121) is threadedly connected to the anchor rod (5); the expansion plate (122) is provided with a through hole (123) for the anchor rod (5) to pass through; a slide groove (111) is provided on a side of the inner frame (11) facing the material placement area (6); the extrusion piece (121) is slidably connected to the slide groove (111) along the length direction of the anchor rod (5); and the expansion plate (122) is arranged on a side of the extrusion piece (121) facing the material placement area (6).

3. A test device for simulating tunnel fractured surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the extrusion member (121) is located in the slide groove (111), the expansion plate (122) is in a state of being attached to the side wall of the inner frame (11), and the edges of adjacent expansion plates (122) are in a state of being in contact with each other.

4. The test device for simulating grouting reinforcement of broken surrounding rock and coupling with anchor rods according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of anchor rods (5) is provided with two anchor rods (5), and the two anchor rods (5) are distributed along the length direction of the inner frame (11); The extrusion assembly (12) further comprises a rotating block (13), wherein each group of the extrusion assembly (12) comprises two bricks, the extrusion member (121) is provided with a through hole for placing the rotating block (13), the rotating block (13) is rotatably connected to the wall of the through hole, the rotation axis of the rotating block (13) is perpendicular to the central axis of the anchor rod (5), and the rotating block (13) is provided with a threaded hole (131) threadedly connected to the anchor rod (5).

5. The test device for simulating grouting reinforcement of broken surrounding rock and coupling with anchor rods according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing strip (31) is provided on one edge of the first sealing plate (3) facing the material placement area (6); the cross section of the sealing strip (31) is L-shaped; and a sealing groove (21) is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the outer frame (2) for the sealing strip (31) to slide into; A first embedding groove (32) for placing the end of the inner frame (11) is provided on one side of the first sealing plate (3) facing the material placement area (6).

6. The test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchoring of broken surrounding rock in a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing ring plate (42) is provided on the side of the second sealing plate (4) facing the material placement area (6), and a sealing ring groove (22) for the sealing ring plate (42) to be placed is provided at the end of the outer frame (2); A second embedding groove (43) for placing the end of the inner frame (11) is provided on one side of the second sealing plate (4) facing the material placement area (6).

7. The test device for simulating tunnel fractured surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second sealing plate (4) is provided with a through reserved hole (44), and the reserved hole (44) is in communication with the central portion of the inner frame (11).

8. The test device for simulating the coupling of grouting reinforcement and anchoring of broken surrounding rock in a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grouting holes (41) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of grouting holes (41) are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the surface of the second sealing plate (4); The second sealing plate (4) is provided with a grouting channel (411) therein, and the grouting channels (411) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the grouting channels (411) are in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of groups of the grouting holes (41), and each group of the grouting channels (411) includes a plurality of grouting channels (411), and the plurality of grouting channels (411) in each group are in a state of being connected with the grouting holes (41), and the ends of the plurality of grouting channels (411) away from the grouting holes (41) extend through the second sealing plate (4) toward a side of the material placement area (6).

9. The test device for simulating grouting reinforcement of broken surrounding rock and coupling with anchor rods according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the second sealing plate (4) is provided with penetrating observation holes (45), and the observation holes (45) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of observation holes (45) are distributed in a circular array around the reserved hole (44).

10. The test device for simulating grouting reinforcement of broken surrounding rock and coupling with anchor rods according to claim 9, characterized in that: A sealing cover plate (46) for opening and closing the observation hole (45) is rotatably connected to the surface of the second sealing plate (4); The grouting hole (41) is opened on the sealing cover plate (46), and when the sealing cover plate (46) covers the observation hole (45), the grouting channel (411) located inside the sealing cover plate (46) is in a communicating state with the grouting channel (411) located inside the outer frame (2).

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