Radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device comprises a sampling chamber (1), sampling filter paper (3) and a measuring chamber (2), the sampling chamber (1) is arranged in front of the measuring chamber (2) in the horizontal direction; the sampling chamber (1) comprises a vertically arranged air sampling inlet pipe (13) and a centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) which is arranged below the air sampling inlet pipe (13) and is used for separating radioactive aerosol according to different particle sizes; and the sampling filter paper (3) is arranged below the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) and is used for receiving the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11). The radioactive aerosol is separated through the centripetal particle size separation sampler, the problem of particle slippage does not exist, the collection efficiency of radioactive particles can be effectively improved, the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the radioactive aerosol are improved, and continuous monitoring of the radioactive aerosol in the air is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental radioactivity monitoring, and in particular to a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two main methods for monitoring radioactive aerosols in the environment, sampling laboratory analysis method and on-site continuous monitoring method. As the name implies, the sampling laboratory analysis method is to take samples at the target location through an aerosol sampling device, and then obtain the content of artificial radioactive nuclides through chemical purification and energy spectrum analysis. The on-site continuous monitoring method is to use an air pump to collect aerosols in the environment on filter paper at the target location, and then directly use detectors, amplifiers and other electronic methods to measure the nuclides on the filter membrane and display the results in real time.

[0003] In the process of implementing the present invention, the applicant discovered that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0004] In comparison, the former has reliable and accurate measurement results, but the series of processes are complicated and cumbersome, and cannot be applied to conditions with high emergency response requirements, and cannot monitor in real time whether there is leakage of artificial radioactive nuclides. The latter can monitor continuously, output data in real time, and respond promptly, but the accuracy is relatively poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that continuous monitoring of radioactive aerosols and accuracy cannot be taken into account at the same time.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device, comprising:

[0007] A sampling chamber for collecting radioactive aerosols in the air, a sampling filter for receiving the collected radioactive aerosols in the air, and a measuring chamber for detecting the radioactive aerosols on the sampling filter paper; the sampling chamber is arranged in front of the measuring chamber in the horizontal direction;

[0008] The sampling chamber comprises a vertically arranged air sampling inlet pipe and a centripetal particle size separation sampler arranged below the air sampling inlet pipe for separating the radioactive aerosol according to different particle sizes;

[0009] The sampling filter paper is arranged under the centripetal particle size separation sampler to receive the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler;

[0010] The measuring chamber comprises a detector module for detecting the radioactive aerosol on the sampling filter paper;

[0011] The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device also includes a shell, which is used to accommodate the sampling chamber, the measuring chamber and the sampling filter paper. The sampling chamber and the measuring chamber are fixed on the shell, and the sampling filter paper can be fixed on the shell.

[0012] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device is placed in an environment with radioactive substances (such as the environment around a nuclear power plant), and the air is directly transported into the centripetal particle size separation sampler through the air sampling inlet pipe, and the radioactive aerosol is separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler, and there is no problem of particle slippage, which can effectively improve the collection efficiency of radioactive particles and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of radioactive aerosol detection. After the radioactive aerosol is separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler, it is collected by the sampling filter paper set below, and after collection, the sampling filter paper with the radioactive aerosol is moved to the detection detector module, and the radioactive aerosol is detected by the detection detector module; at the same time, a new unused sampling filter paper is moved to the bottom of the centripetal particle size separation sampler to collect the separated radioactive aerosol, thereby realizing continuous monitoring of radioactive aerosols in the air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view of the first radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (some components are removed);

[0015] Figure 2 It is a back view of a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (some components are removed);

[0016] Figure 3 It is a front view of the second radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (some components are removed);

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a detector module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is an appearance diagram of a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing the gas source box 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a working principle diagram of a centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0023] 1. Sampling chamber; 2. Measuring chamber; 3. Sampling filter paper; 4. Opening and closing locking mechanism; 5. Filter paper continuous movement mechanism; 6. Air source box; 7. Control host; 8. Flow meter; 9. Flow regulating valve; 10. High vacuum sensor;

[0024] 11. Centripetal particle size separation sampler; 12. Air filter; 13. Air sampling inlet pipe; 15. Sampling upper chamber; 16. Sampling lower chamber; 17. Low vacuum pump; 18. Air sampling pipeline;

[0025] 21. First detector device; 25. Measurement upper chamber; 26. Measurement lower chamber; 27. First vacuum pipeline; 28. Refrigeration module; 29. ​​High vacuum pump;

[0026] 41. servo motor; 42. worm; 43. worm wheel; 44. first cam; 45. second cam; 46. first guide post; 47. second guide post; 48. first guide sleeve; 49. second guide sleeve; 480. rotation position sensor; 490. worm wheel shaft;

[0027] 51. Stepping motor; 52. Driving wheel; 53. Spring-loaded rubber wheel; 54. Driven wheel; 55. Driven guide wheel; 56. Detection wheel; 57. Encoder;

[0028] 111, collecting nozzle; 131, nozzle; 211, ion implantation type silicon detector;

[0029] 281, thermal insulation cotton; 282, semiconductor cooling sheet; 283, cooling fan; 284, radiator;

[0030] 610, main control board; 620, multi-channel module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in combination with an embodiment of the present invention, a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device is provided, comprising:

[0033] A sampling chamber 1 for collecting radioactive aerosols in the air, a sampling filter paper 3 for receiving the collected radioactive aerosols in the air, and a measuring chamber 2 for detecting the radioactive aerosols on the sampling filter paper 3; the sampling chamber 1 is arranged in front of the measuring chamber 2 in the horizontal direction;

[0034] The sampling chamber 1 comprises a vertically arranged air sampling inlet pipe 13 and a centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 arranged below the air sampling inlet pipe 13 and used for separating the radioactive aerosol according to different particle sizes;

[0035] The sampling filter paper 3 is arranged under the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 to receive the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11;

[0036] The measuring chamber 2 includes a detector module for detecting the radioactive aerosol on the sampling filter paper 3;

[0037] The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device also includes a shell, which is used to accommodate the sampling chamber 1, the measuring chamber 2 and the sampling filter paper 3. The sampling chamber 1 and the measuring chamber 2 are fixed on the shell, and the sampling filter paper 3 can be fixed on the shell.

[0038] A radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention belongs to the field of environmental radioactive monitoring, specifically the field of nuclear radiation detection. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device is placed in an environment with radioactive substances (for example, the environment around a nuclear power plant), and the air is directly transported into the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 through the air sampling air inlet pipe 13. The radioactive aerosol is separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11, and there is no problem of particle slippage, which can effectively improve the collection efficiency of radioactive particles and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of radioactive aerosol detection. After the radioactive aerosol is separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11, it is collected by the sampling filter paper 3 arranged below. After the collection, the sampling filter paper 3 with the radioactive aerosol collected is moved to the detection detector module, and the radioactive aerosol is detected by the detection detector module; at the same time, a new unused sampling filter paper 3 is moved to the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 to collect the separated radioactive aerosol, thereby realizing continuous monitoring of the radioactive aerosol in the air.

[0039] Preferably, the sampling filter paper 3 is a long filter paper that can move left and right. A section of the filter paper on the sampling filter paper 3 is arranged under the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 to receive the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11. The section of the filter paper that receives the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 will be moved into the measuring chamber 2 to be monitored by the detection detector module.

[0040] From the direction of movement of the sampling filter paper 3, the central horizontal straight line layout with the sampling chamber 1 in front and the measuring chamber 2 in the back can realize the continuous implementation of simultaneous sampling, collection and detection, that is, after the sampling in the sampling chamber 1 is completed, the sampling filter paper 3 is translated, and the section of the sampling filter paper 3 with radioactive aerosol is translated into the measuring chamber 2 for detection. At the same time, the blank sampling filter paper 3 is translated to the bottom of the centripetal particle separation sampler 11, and sampling can continue.

[0041] Preferably, the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 comprises a nozzle 131 and a collecting nozzle 111 disposed below the nozzle 131, and the collecting nozzle 111 is aligned with the nozzle 131 and is vertically disposed at a preset distance;

[0042] The nozzle 131 is in an inverted cone shape, and the upper end of the nozzle 131 is connected to the lower end of the air sampling inlet pipe 13;

[0043] The upper end of the collecting nozzle 111 is small and the lower end is large. The air passes through the nozzle 131 with accelerated motion. The ejection rate of the air is positively correlated with the diameter of the nozzle 131. The cutting diameter of the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 is positively correlated with the ejection rate of the air.

[0044] The sampling filter paper 3 is provided at the lower end of the collecting nozzle 111 .

[0045] Preferably, the upper section of the collecting nozzle 111 is a trumpet-shaped one with a small upper end and a large lower end, and the lower section of the collecting nozzle 111 is a columnar one with a uniform inner diameter.

[0046] The centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 is characterized in that the upper and lower conical holes are arranged oppositely, the upper conical hole is the nozzle 131, and the lower conical hole is the collecting nozzle 111. In addition to the middle hole, the collecting nozzle 111 also has mesh holes distributed around the conical surface on the side.

[0047] In the prior art, aerosol particles are sampled directly, not directly targeting the radioactive aerosol to be monitored, so the sampling efficiency is very low, and the larger the particle size, the lower the collection efficiency.

[0048] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the working principle of the centripetal particle size separation sampler 11 is as follows: compared with small-sized particles, large-sized particles are more likely to be deposited in the sampling pipe and slip on the filter paper surface. Aerosol particles are accelerated with the airflow through the nozzle 131, and then divided into two streams: large-sized particles have large inertia, move with the central airflow, form large-sized particle tracks, and deposit on the sampling filter paper 3 under the inside of the collection nozzle 111 (a relatively closed space is formed between the upper surface of the sampling filter paper 3 and the inside of the collection nozzle 111); small-sized particles have small inertia, are carried away by the surrounding main airflow, form small-sized particle tracks, and do not enter the collection nozzle 111. The ejection rate of the radioactive aerosol is changed by adjusting the diameter of the nozzle 131, thereby changing the cutting diameter of the centripetal particle size separation sampler and retaining the radioactive aerosol of the desired sampling particle size. Also, since a relatively closed space is formed between the upper surface of the sampling filter paper 3 and the interior of the collecting nozzle 111, the radioactive aerosol is sealed in the collecting nozzle 111 and retained on the upper surface of the sampling filter paper 3, so there is no problem of particle slippage.

[0049] Preferably, the sampling chamber 1 comprises an upper sampling chamber 15 and a lower sampling chamber 16;

[0050] The measuring chamber 2 comprises an upper measuring chamber 25 and a lower measuring chamber 26;

[0051] The sampling upper chamber 15 and the measuring upper chamber 25 are upper chambers of integrated design;

[0052] The sampling lower chamber 16 and the measuring lower chamber 26 are lower half chambers of integrated design;

[0053] The upper cavity and the lower cavity are arranged in an openable and closable vertical direction and are sealed and connected;

[0054] The sampling filter paper 3 is horizontally arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

[0055] The purpose of dividing into the upper cavity and the lower cavity is because of paper feeding. When the upper and lower chambers are closed, the sampling chamber 1 and the measuring chamber 2 each form a sealed chamber, which can be used for sampling and detection respectively. From the direction of movement of the sampling filter paper 3, the central horizontal straight line layout with the sampling chamber 1 set in the front and the measuring chamber 2 set in the back can realize the continuous implementation of sampling collection and detection at the same time, that is: after the sampling is completed in the sampling chamber 1, the upper cavity and the lower cavity can be opened, the sampling filter paper 3 is translated, and the section of the sampling filter paper 3 with radioactive aerosol is translated into the measuring chamber 2, and then the upper cavity and the lower cavity are closed and sealed for detection. At the same time, the blank sampling filter paper 3 is translated to the bottom of the centripetal particle separation sampler 11, and sampling can continue.

[0056] Preferably, a left O-ring and a right O-ring are opened on the top plane of the lower cavity, wherein the left O-ring belongs to the sampling lower chamber 16, the right O-ring belongs to the measuring lower chamber 26, and the sampling filter paper 3 is aligned with the left O-ring and the right O-ring;

[0057] A first O-ring that can match with the left O-ring and is connected by edge sealing is opened on the bottom plane of the upper cavity, and the first O-ring belongs to the upper sampling chamber 15;

[0058] A second O-ring that can match with the right O-ring and is connected by edge sealing is also opened on the bottom plane of the upper cavity, and the second O-ring belongs to the upper measurement chamber 25.

[0059] When the upper cavity and the lower cavity are closed, the edges of the upper and lower corresponding O-rings are sealed and connected, thereby forming a respectively sealed sampling chamber 1 and measuring chamber 2. The sampling chamber 1 and the measuring chamber 2 are independent and can perform their respective work.

[0060] Preferably, the sampling chamber 1 also includes an air filter 12 connected to the upper end of the air sampling inlet pipe 13 and used to filter out particles larger than the radioactive aerosol particle size. The upper end of the air sampling inlet pipe 13 is the air inlet end, which is generally less than 100 microns. Particles larger than the radioactive aerosol particle size are filtered out, so they will not be received by the sampling filter paper 3, thereby improving the utilization rate of the sampling filter paper 3, that is, providing detection efficiency for radioactive aerosols.

[0061] Preferably, the radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further comprises an air source box 6, and the air source box 6 is connected under the shell;

[0062] The sampling chamber 1 further comprises a low vacuum pump 17, which is fixedly arranged in the air source box 6, and an air sampling pipeline 18 of the low vacuum pump 17 is connected to the air sampling air inlet pipe 13 for performing negative pressure extraction to form a negative pressure in the air sampling air inlet pipe 13;

[0063] The sampling chamber 1 further comprises a flow meter 8 and a flow regulating valve 9 provided on the air sampling inlet pipe 13, wherein the flow meter 8 is used to collect the air flow of the air sampling inlet pipe 13, and the flow regulating valve 9 is used to regulate the air flow of the air sampling inlet pipe 13;

[0064] The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further includes a control host 7, which is fixed to the outer surface of the shell, a display unit of a flow meter 8 is arranged on the control host 7, and the display and control of the flow regulating valve 9 are arranged on the control host 7.

[0065] The filter paper is between the upper and lower chambers of the sampling chamber 1. The lower chamber is connected to the low vacuum pump 17 of negative pressure air through the air nozzle of the lower chamber. The upper chamber is connected to the atmosphere through the air sampling inlet pipe 13. The low vacuum pump 17 generates air flow by negative pressure extraction in the air nozzle and the air sampling inlet pipe 13, thereby extracting the atmosphere into the sampling chamber 1, and the radioactive aerosol in the air can be collected by the sampling filter paper 3. Through long-term negative pressure extraction, the radioactive aerosol particles in the air will eventually remain on the sampling filter paper 3.

[0066] Preferably, the radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further comprises a filter paper continuous motion mechanism 5 disposed in the housing, wherein the filter paper continuous motion mechanism 5 comprises a stepping motor 51, a driving wheel 52, a spring-loaded rubber wheel 53, a driven wheel 54, a driven guide wheel 55, a detection wheel 56 and an encoder 57;

[0067] The stepping motor 51 is fixed on the housing and is used to control the rotation of the driving wheel 52;

[0068] The driving wheel 52 is fixed on the housing and is located on the right side of the measuring chamber 2;

[0069] The driven wheel 54 is fixed on the housing and is located on the left side of the sampling chamber 1. The driven wheel 54 is rotated by being pulled by the moving sampling filter paper 3.

[0070] The sampling filter paper 3 is wound around the lower sides of the driving wheel 52 and the driven wheel 54 and can move horizontally between the sampling chamber 1 and the measuring chamber 2;

[0071] The spring-loaded rubber wheel 53 is fixed on the housing, located on the right side of the measuring chamber 2, and pressed against the sampling filter paper 3;

[0072] The driven guide wheel 55 is fixed on the housing, located on the left side of the sampling chamber 1, disposed between the sampling chamber 1 and the driven wheel 54, and attached under the sampling filter paper 3;

[0073] The detection wheel 56 is fixed on the housing, located on the right side of the measuring chamber 2, disposed between the measuring chamber 2 and the driven wheel 54, and attached under the sampling filter paper 3;

[0074] The encoder 57 is connected to the detection wheel 56. The encoder 57 is used to drive the detection wheel 56 to rotate when the sampling filter paper 3 moves. The detection wheel 56 drives the encoder 57 to rotate to measure the distance of the filter paper 3 rolling and moving. Specifically, the distance of the filter paper moving each time is fixed. The distance of the sampling filter paper 3 moving is measured by rotating the detection wheel 56 = the circumference of the detection wheel * the number of rotations. The larger the filter paper shaft is rolled, the larger the diameter is. The diameter of the variable amount * the number of rotations cannot accurately detect the distance the filter paper moves, so an additional detection wheel 56 is added for detection. The diameter of the detection wheel 56 is fixed.

[0075] The driving wheel 52 is controlled to rotate by the stepping motor 51, and the driven wheel 54 is pulled to rotate by the sampling filter paper 3. Since the distance between the sampling chamber 1 and the measuring chamber 2 is fixed, the rolling diameter of the sampling filter paper 3 is constantly changing, and the rotation of the stepping motor 51 cannot measure the moving distance of the sampling filter paper 3. It is necessary to design a detection wheel 56 in the middle. The detection wheel 56 and the spring-loaded rubber wheel 53 press the sampling filter paper 3. When the sampling filter paper 3 moves, the detection wheel 56 is driven to rotate. The detection wheel 56 drives the encoder 57 to rotate so as to accurately measure the rolling distance of the filter paper. The spring-loaded rubber wheel 53 is used to press the sampling filter paper 3 and the detection wheel 56 to prevent the sampling filter paper 3 and the detection wheel 56 from sliding relative to each other during rotation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the paper feeding distance measurement of the sampling filter paper 3.

[0076] Preferably, the radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further comprises an opening and closing locking movement mechanism 4 disposed under the lower cavity for moving the lower cavity so that the upper cavity and the lower cavity are opened and closed;

[0077] The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism 4 includes a servo motor 41, a worm 42, a worm wheel 43, a worm wheel shaft 490, a first cam 44 and a second cam 45. The worm wheel shaft 490 can fix a rod on the housing. The worm wheel shaft 490 is horizontally arranged to be fixedly connected to the worm wheel 43. The worm wheel 43 is fixed in the middle of the worm wheel shaft 490. The worm wheel 43 forms a vertical staggered rotation connection with the worm 42. The worm 42 is connected to the servo motor 41. The first cam 44 is connected to the left end of the worm wheel shaft 490. The second cam 45 is connected to the right end of the worm wheel shaft 490.

[0078] The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism 4 further includes a first guide sleeve 48 and a second guide sleeve 49 arranged vertically;

[0079] The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism 4 further includes a first guide post 46 disposed in the first guide sleeve 48 and vertically moving along the first guide sleeve 48 and a second guide post 47 disposed in the second guide sleeve 49 and vertically moving along the second guide sleeve 49;

[0080] The upper end of the first guide post 46 is slidably connected to the lower half of the cavity, and the lower end of the first guide post 46 is connected to the first cam 44 (a ring is provided at the lower end of the first guide post 46 to fit with the first cam 44, and the first cam 44 rotates to drive the first guide post 46 to move up and down. A rebound spring is provided on the first guide post 46 to achieve elastic fitting), the upper end of the second guide post 47 is slidably connected to the lower half of the cavity, and the lower end of the second guide post 47 is connected to the second cam 45;

[0081] The upper cavity and the lower cavity need to be opened or closed, and the opening or closing action is realized by the opening and closing locking motion mechanism 4. The opening and closing locking motion mechanism 4 is driven by the servo motor 41 through the coupling to drive the worm 42 and the worm wheel 43 to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel 43 drives the worm wheel shaft 490 to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel shaft 490 drives the first cam 44 and the second cam 45 to rotate. After the first cam 44 and the second cam 45 rotate, the height of the first guide post 46 and the second guide post 47 are changed, thereby generating a height difference with the previous position, and the lower half chamber connected by the first guide post 46 and the second guide post 47 can realize up and down movement. Because the upper cavity is fixed, it moves up and down with the lower cavity, thereby realizing the opening and closing between the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

[0082] The worm gear has a large transmission ratio, which effectively reduces the motor torque requirement; when sampling air and evacuating the first vacuum chamber or the second vacuum chamber in the measuring chamber 2, the upper and lower chambers of the upper and lower chambers need to be tightly pressed against the sealing ring for a long time to ensure the airtightness of the sealed measuring chamber 2. The worm gear has a self-locking function (that is, the worm 42 can drive the worm wheel 43 to rotate, and the worm wheel 43 cannot reversely drive the worm 42 to rotate). The servo motor 41 does not need to be blocked for a long time to generate heat. When evacuating a high vacuum, the feedback from the high vacuum sensor 10 can be used to adjust the fine pressing force of the upper and lower chambers using the large transmission ratio of the worm gear, thereby improving the sealing of the first vacuum chamber or the second vacuum chamber, thereby improving the vacuum degree.

[0083] The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism 4 further includes a rotation position sensor 480 disposed on the worm gear shaft 490 . The rotation position sensor 480 is used to monitor and control the vertical displacement of the first guide column 46 and the second guide column 47 , so as to achieve accurate control of the movement position.

[0084] Preferably, the measuring chamber 2 comprises a first detector device 21 disposed in the measuring upper chamber 25;

[0085] The first detector device 21 includes an ion-implanted silicon detector 211 for detecting the radioactive aerosol, a circuit module for powering the ion-implanted silicon detector 211, and a refrigeration module 28 for providing a constant temperature environment for the ion-implanted silicon detector 211. The ion-implanted silicon detector 211, the circuit module, and the refrigeration module 28 are installed on the upper cavity; the ion-implanted silicon detector 211 is a finished product and can be purchased. The radioactive aerosol particles on the sampling filter paper 3 will emit rays, and the ion-implanted silicon detector 211 can detect the rays and convert them into weak electrical signals. The electrical signals are amplified and converted into data curves through relevant algorithms. Data analysis is performed based on the data curves to obtain measurement data. The radioactivity of the radioactive aerosol is obtained by measuring the data / air sampling volume.

[0086] The refrigeration module 28 includes a heat insulation cotton 281 and a semiconductor refrigeration sheet 282 arranged from the inside to the outside, and a heat dissipation fan 283 and a radiator 284 arranged above and below the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 282. The refrigeration module 28 of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet in the measuring chamber 2 saves space, effectively controls the temperature and maintains a constant temperature, effectively solves the temperature drift of the detector module, and improves the accuracy of radioactive aerosol measurement;

[0087] The ion implantation type silicon detector 211 (PIPS for short) is aligned with the right O-ring and can form a first vacuum chamber with the upper cavity when the upper cavity and the lower cavity are closed;

[0088] The measuring chamber 2 further comprises a high vacuum pump 29 disposed in the air source box 6 for extracting air from the first vacuum chamber;

[0089] The high vacuum pump 29 is connected to the first vacuum pipeline 27, and one port of the first vacuum pipeline 27 enters the first vacuum chamber through the right O-ring; the sampling filter paper 3 moved to the measuring chamber 2 has radioactive aerosol particles, and the air in the first vacuum chamber in front of the first detector device 21 is pumped away to form a high vacuum without air and dust, thereby eliminating the influence of dust in the air on the construction of a vacuum environment, which is conducive to the measurement of radioactive aerosols.

[0090] The air paths for negative pressure exhaust in the sampling chamber 1 and high vacuum exhaust in the measuring chamber 2 are designed independently, so that air sampling and high vacuum exhaust can be carried out simultaneously without affecting each other.

[0091] The measuring chamber 2 further comprises a second detector device disposed in the measuring lower chamber 26, the second detector device being identical to the first detector device 21 and mirror-imaged, the ion-implanted silicon detector 211 in the second detector device being aligned with the right O-ring, and being able to form a second vacuum chamber with the lower chamber when the upper chamber and the lower chamber are closed;

[0092] The high vacuum pump 29 is connected to a second vacuum pipeline, and one port of the second vacuum pipeline enters into the second vacuum chamber.

[0093] Depending on the specific situation, only the first detector device 21 or the second detector device, or both, may be installed.

[0094] Preferably, the first detector device 21 or the second detector device has control electronic components, including detector preamplifier circuit, multi-channel module 620, temperature control circuit, motion control, gas path control and main control board 610, etc., so as to realize the measurement function, temperature control function, automatic motion control, air sampling control and high vacuum control of the ion implantation silicon detector 211. Among them, the multi-channel module 620 is electrically connected to the ion implantation silicon detector 211, and is used to receive the electrical signal (i.e., analog output signal) from the ion implantation silicon detector 211, and through analog-to-digital conversion, it gives the energy, intensity and half-life information of the radioactive aerosol (e.g., nuclide) radiation in an intuitive manner. Each type of radioactive aerosol emits a different energy spectrum data curve graph stored in the nuclide library, and the energy spectrum data curve graph actually tested is compared and calculated with the nuclide library. These can be displayed through a touch screen (installed on the control host 7). The touch screen is connected to the main control board 610. The touch screen can display the entire detection process, and can control sampling, implement control of the movement of the sampling filter paper 3, and implement control of the ion implantation silicon detector 211 for the detection of radioactive aerosols.

[0095] In summary, a radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention adopts a centripetal particle size separation sampler, which does not have the problem of particle slippage, can effectively improve the collection efficiency of radioactive particles, and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of radioactive aerosol detection.

[0096] At the same time, through automated radioactive aerosol collection and the opening and closing movements of the upper and lower cavities, automatic filter paper feeding, separation of different particle sizes by centripetal particle size separation samplers, detector modules, high vacuum extraction, and detector refrigeration and temperature control, real-time and continuous collection and measurement of radioactive aerosols can be achieved, and remote automated control and data upload monitoring can be achieved through automatic control software (which can be controlled through a touch screen) and the network.

[0097] It should be understood that the components that are not structurally defined or the connection structures that are not specifically defined in the embodiments of the present invention are all prior art and are not modified for protection. In the above detailed description, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify the present disclosure. This disclosure method should not be interpreted as reflecting the intention that the implementation of the claimed subject matter requires more features than the features clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the attached claims, the present invention is in a state with fewer than all the features of the disclosed single embodiment. Therefore, the attached claims are hereby clearly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim acting alone as a separate preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] The disclosed embodiments are described above to enable any person skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications of these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed in this application.

[0099] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

[0100] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A sampling chamber (1) for collecting radioactive aerosols in the air, a sampling filter paper (3) for receiving the collected radioactive aerosols in the air, and a measuring chamber (2) for detecting the radioactive aerosols on the sampling filter paper (3); the sampling chamber (1) is arranged in front of the measuring chamber (2) in a horizontal direction; The sampling chamber (1) comprises a vertically arranged air sampling inlet pipe (13) and a centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) arranged below the air sampling inlet pipe (13) and used for separating the radioactive aerosol according to different particle sizes; The sampling filter paper (3) is arranged below the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) and is used to receive the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11); The measuring chamber (2) comprises a detector module for detecting the radioactive aerosol on the sampling filter paper (3); The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further comprises a shell, wherein the shell is used to accommodate the sampling chamber (1), the measuring chamber (2) and the sampling filter paper (3); the sampling chamber (1) and the measuring chamber (2) are fixed on the shell, and the sampling filter paper (3) can be fixed on the shell.

2. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling filter paper (3) is a long filter paper that can be moved left and right. A section of the filter paper on the sampling filter paper (3) is arranged under the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) to receive the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11). The section of the filter paper that receives the radioactive aerosol separated by the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) will be moved into the measuring chamber (2) to be detected by the detection detector module.

3. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) comprises a nozzle (131) and a collecting nozzle (111) arranged below the nozzle (131), wherein the collecting nozzle (111) is aligned with the nozzle (131) and maintained at a preset distance and both are arranged vertically; The nozzle (131) is in an inverted cone shape, and the upper end of the nozzle (131) is connected to the lower end of the air sampling inlet pipe (13); The upper end of the collecting nozzle (111) is small and the lower end is large. The air passes through the nozzle (131) with accelerated motion. The ejection rate of the air is positively correlated with the diameter of the nozzle (131). The cutting diameter of the centripetal particle size separation sampler (11) is positively correlated with the ejection rate of the air. The upper section of the collecting nozzle (111) is a trumpet-shaped one with a small upper end and a large lower end, and the lower section of the collecting nozzle (111) is a columnar one with a uniform inner diameter. The sampling filter paper (3) is provided at the lower end of the collecting nozzle (111).

4. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling chamber (1) comprises an upper sampling chamber (15) and a lower sampling chamber (16); The measuring chamber (2) comprises an upper measuring chamber (25) and a lower measuring chamber (26); The sampling upper chamber (15) and the measuring upper chamber (25) are upper chambers of an integrated design; The sampling lower chamber (16) and the measuring lower chamber (26) are lower half chambers of an integrated design; The upper cavity and the lower cavity are arranged in an openable and closable vertical direction and are sealed and connected; The sampling filter paper (3) is horizontally arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

5. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A left O-ring and a right O-ring are opened on the top plane of the lower cavity, wherein the left O-ring belongs to the sampling lower chamber (16), and the right O-ring belongs to the measuring lower chamber (26), and the sampling filter paper (3) is aligned with the left O-ring and the right O-ring; A first O-ring is opened on the bottom plane of the upper cavity and can match with the left O-ring and is connected by edge sealing. The first O-ring belongs to the upper sampling chamber (15); A second O-ring which can match with the right O-ring and is connected by edge sealing is also opened on the bottom plane of the upper cavity, and the second O-ring belongs to the upper measurement chamber (25).

6. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling chamber (1) further comprises an air filter (12) connected to the upper end of the air sampling air inlet pipe (13) and used for filtering out particles larger than the particle size of the radioactive aerosol; the upper end of the air sampling air inlet pipe (13) is an air inlet end.

7. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an air source box (6), wherein the air source box (6) is connected below the housing; The sampling chamber (1) further comprises a low vacuum pump (17), wherein the low vacuum pump (17) is fixedly arranged in the air source box (6), and the low vacuum pump (17) is connected to the air sampling air inlet pipe (13) via an air sampling pipeline (18) for negative pressure extraction to form a negative pressure in the air sampling air inlet pipe (13); The sampling chamber (1) further comprises a flow meter (8) and a flow regulating valve (9) arranged on the air sampling inlet pipe (13), wherein the flow meter (8) is used to collect the air flow of the air sampling inlet pipe (13), and the flow regulating valve (9) is used to regulate the air flow of the air sampling inlet pipe (13); The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device further comprises a control host (7), wherein the control host (7) is fixed to the outer surface of the shell, a display unit of a flow meter (8) is arranged on the control host (7), and a display and control of the flow regulating valve (9) are arranged on the control host (7).

8. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a filter paper continuous motion mechanism (5) disposed in the housing, the filter paper continuous motion mechanism (5) including a stepping motor (51), a driving wheel (52), a spring-loaded rubber wheel (53), a driven wheel (54), a driven guide wheel (55), a detection wheel (56) and an encoder (57); The stepping motor (51) is fixed on the housing and is used to control the rotation of the driving wheel (52); The driving wheel (52) is fixed on the housing and is located on the right side of the measuring chamber (2); The driven wheel (54) is fixed on the housing and is located on the left side of the sampling chamber (1), and the driven wheel (54) is rotated by being pulled by the moving sampling filter paper (3); The sampling filter paper (3) is wound around the lower sides of the driving wheel (52) and the driven wheel (54) and is capable of horizontally moving between the sampling chamber (1) and the measuring chamber (2); The spring-loaded rubber wheel (53) is fixed on the housing, located on the right side of the measuring chamber (2), and pressed against the sampling filter paper (3); The driven guide wheel (55) is fixed on the housing, located on the left side of the sampling chamber (1), arranged between the sampling chamber (1) and the driven wheel (54), and attached below the sampling filter paper (3); The detection wheel (56) is fixed on the housing, located on the right side of the measuring chamber (2), arranged between the measuring chamber (2) and the driven wheel (54), and attached below the sampling filter paper (3); The encoder (57) is connected to the detection wheel (56), and the encoder (57) is used to drive the detection wheel (56) to rotate when the sampling filter paper (3) moves. The detection wheel (56) drives the encoder (57) to rotate to measure the rolling distance of the sampling filter paper (3).

9. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an opening and closing locking movement mechanism (4) disposed under the lower cavity and used to move the lower cavity so that the upper cavity and the lower cavity are opened and closed; The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism (4) comprises a servo motor (41), a worm (42), a worm wheel (43), a worm wheel shaft (490), a first cam (44) and a second cam (45); the worm wheel shaft (490) can fix a rod on the housing; the worm wheel shaft (490) is horizontally arranged for fixed connection with the worm wheel (43); the worm wheel (43) is fixed in the middle of the worm wheel shaft (490); the worm wheel (43) and the worm (42) form a vertical staggered rotation connection; the worm (42) is connected to the servo motor (41); the first cam (44) is connected to the left end of the worm wheel shaft (490); and the second cam (45) is connected to the right end of the worm wheel shaft (490); The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism (4) further comprises a first guide sleeve (48) and a second guide sleeve (49) which are arranged vertically; The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism (4) further comprises a first guide column (46) disposed in the first guide sleeve (48) and moving vertically along the first guide sleeve (48), and a second guide column (47) disposed in the second guide sleeve (49) and moving vertically along the second guide sleeve (49); The upper end of the first guide post (46) is slidably connected to the lower half of the cavity, the lower end of the first guide post (46) is connected to the first cam (44), the upper end of the second guide post (47) is slidably connected to the lower half of the cavity, and the lower end of the second guide post (47) is connected to the second cam (45); The opening, closing and locking movement mechanism (4) further comprises a rotation position sensor (480) arranged on the worm gear shaft (490), wherein the rotation position sensor (480) is used to monitor and control the vertical displacement of the first guide column (46) and the second guide column (47).

10. The radioactive aerosol continuous monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The measuring chamber (2) comprises a first detector device (21) arranged in the measuring upper chamber (25); The first detector device (21) comprises an ion implantation silicon detector (211) for detecting the radioactive aerosol, a circuit module for supplying power to the ion implantation silicon detector (211), and a refrigeration module (28) for providing a constant temperature environment for the ion implantation silicon detector (211), wherein the ion implantation silicon detector (211), the circuit module, and the refrigeration module (28) are mounted on the upper cavity; The refrigeration module (28) comprises a heat insulation cotton (281) and a semiconductor refrigeration sheet (282) arranged from the inside to the outside, and a heat dissipation fan (283) and a radiator (284) arranged above and below the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (282); The ion implantation type silicon detector (211) is aligned with the right O-ring and can form a first vacuum chamber with the upper chamber when the upper chamber and the lower chamber are closed; The measuring chamber (2) further comprises a high vacuum pump (29) arranged in the air source box (6) for extracting air from the first vacuum chamber; The high vacuum pump (29) is connected to a first vacuum pipeline (27), and a port of the first vacuum pipeline (27) enters into the first vacuum chamber; The measuring chamber (2) further comprises a second detector device arranged in the measuring lower chamber (26), the second detector device being identical to the first detector device (21) and being arranged in a mirror image, the ion implantation type silicon detector (211) in the second detector device being aligned with the right O-ring, and being able to form a second vacuum chamber with the lower chamber when the upper chamber and the lower chamber are closed; The high vacuum pump (29) is connected to a second vacuum pipeline, and a port of the second vacuum pipeline enters into the second vacuum chamber.

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