Embedded bipolar plate, bipolar plate mechanism and fuel cell

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses an embedded bipolar plate, a bipolar plate mechanism and a fuel cell, the embedded bipolar plate comprises an anode plate, the surface of the anode plate is provided with a plurality of first concave grooves and a plurality of first convex grooves, and oxygen flow channels are formed in the first concave grooves; a plurality of second concave grooves and a plurality of second convex grooves are formed in the surface of the negative plate, the second concave grooves correspond to the first concave grooves in a one-to-one mode, the first concave grooves are assembled in the second concave grooves, the second convex grooves correspond to the first convex grooves in a one-to-one mode, the second convex grooves are assembled in the first convex grooves, and hydrogen flow channels are formed in the second convex grooves; according to the invention, the weight and the thickness of the bipolar plate can be effectively reduced, so that the overall volume is effectively reduced when a plurality of bipolar plates are assembled, the overall volume of the fuel cell is further effectively reduced, the energy density and the system efficiency of the overall fuel cell are improved, fine manufacturing of the bipolar plate is realized, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. And material waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to an embedded bipolar plate, a bipolar plate mechanism and a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, hydrogen energy has been put on the agenda because of its energy density, which is several times that of coal and oil and its environmentally friendly advantages. It is of great significance to achieve high-quality and sustainable development of China's economy and accelerate the realization of the "dual carbon" emission reduction goals. Therefore, the development of hydrogen fuel cells has gained new attention at the basic research and industrial application levels. Fuel cells, as a clean and efficient energy conversion technology, have important background significance.

[0003] The bipolar plate is one of the key components in the fuel cell, which plays the role of connecting the various units inside the fuel cell stack, conducting current, distributing gas, etc. The technical problems existing in the traditional bipolar plate structure are:

[0004] The distance between stacked layers of traditional bipolar plate structures is large, which occupies more space, limits the improvement of the energy density of the fuel cell system and is not conducive to lightweight and compact design. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an embedded bipolar plate, a bipolar plate structure and a fuel cell, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an embedded bipolar plate, comprising:

[0007] An anode plate, a surface of which is provided with a plurality of first concave grooves and a plurality of first convex grooves, wherein oxygen flow channels are formed in the first concave grooves;

[0008] The cathode plate has a surface provided with a plurality of second recessed grooves and a plurality of second raised grooves, wherein the second recessed grooves correspond one-to-one to the first recessed grooves, and the first recessed grooves are assembled in the second recessed grooves, and the second raised grooves correspond one-to-one to the first raised grooves, and the second raised grooves are assembled in the first raised grooves, and hydrogen flow channels are formed in the second raised grooves.

[0009] Optionally, the first concave groove and the first convex groove are arranged at intervals.

[0010] Optionally, a coolant flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the first protrusion groove and the outer wall of the second protrusion groove.

[0011] Optionally, the first concave groove, the first convex groove, the second concave groove and the second convex groove are all direct current channel structures.

[0012] Optionally, the coolant flow channels are provided on both sides of the second protruding groove.

[0013] Optionally, the cross-section of the coolant flow channel is rectangular.

[0014] Optionally, the cross-section of the coolant flow channel is trapezoidal.

[0015] Optionally, the cross-section of the coolant flow channel is in the shape of a "X".

[0016] The present invention also provides a bipolar plate mechanism, comprising:

[0017] A plurality of stacked embedded bipolar plates;

[0018] a pair of end plates disposed on the top and bottom of the plurality of embedded bipolar plates;

[0019] A sealing gasket is arranged between the end plate and the embedded bipolar plate.

[0020] The present invention also provides a fuel cell, comprising:

[0021] Bipolar plate mechanism;

[0022] A battery stack is connected to the end plate.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: when the anode plate and the cathode plate are assembled, the first recessed groove is assembled in the second recessed groove, and the second raised groove is assembled in the first raised groove to form an embedded assembly, which can effectively reduce the weight and thickness of the bipolar plate, so that when multiple bipolar plates are assembled, the overall volume is effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the entire fuel cell, and improving the energy density and system efficiency of the entire fuel cell, realizing the refined manufacturing of the bipolar plate, improving production efficiency, and reducing material waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. embedded bipolar plate; 11. anode plate; 111. first recessed groove; 112. first raised groove; 12. cathode plate; 121. second recessed groove; 122. second raised groove; 13. coolant flow channel; 2. end plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides an embedded bipolar plate, comprising:

[0034] The anode plate 11 has a plurality of first concave grooves 111 and a plurality of first convex grooves 112 disposed on its surface, and oxygen flow channels are formed in the first concave grooves 111;

[0035] The cathode plate 12 has a surface provided with a plurality of second recessed grooves 121 and a plurality of second raised grooves 122. The second recessed grooves 121 correspond one-to-one to the first recessed grooves 111, and the first recessed grooves 111 are assembled in the second recessed grooves 121. The second raised grooves 122 correspond one-to-one to the first raised grooves 112, and the second raised grooves 122 are assembled in the first raised grooves 112. Hydrogen flow channels are formed in the second raised grooves 122.

[0036] When the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12 are assembled, the first recessed groove 111 is assembled in the second recessed groove 121, and the second raised groove 122 is assembled in the first raised groove 112 to form an embedded assembly, which can effectively reduce the weight and thickness of the bipolar plate, thereby improving the energy density and system efficiency of the overall fuel cell, realizing the refined manufacturing of the bipolar plate, improving production efficiency, and reducing material waste.

[0037] Embedded assembly can also reduce resistance and pressure drop in fluid channels, improving the performance and power density of hydrogen fuel cell systems.

[0038] Embedded assembly can also optimize the flow of hydrogen and oxygen, improve the uniformity of gas distribution in the battery, reduce mass transfer resistance, and improve the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0039] Furthermore, the width of the hydrogen flow channel is about 200% of the width of the oxygen flow channel in order to provide sufficient hydrogen flow and support the required chemical reaction, thereby ensuring that the performance and efficiency of the fuel cell are optimized.

[0040] According to a further optimized solution, the first concave groove 111 and the first convex groove 112 are arranged at intervals.

[0041] According to a further optimized solution, a coolant channel 13 is formed between the inner wall of the first protruding groove 112 and the outer wall of the second protruding groove 122 .

[0042] The coolant flow channel 13 is embedded between the first protruding groove 112 and the second protruding groove 122, which can dissipate heat more effectively and improve the stability and performance of the bipolar plate under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0043] According to a further optimized solution, the first concave groove 111 , the first convex groove 112 , the second concave groove 121 and the second convex groove 122 are all straight flow channel structures.

[0044] The direct current channel structure facilitates the assembly of the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12 .

[0045] In the first embodiment, the cross section of the coolant channel 13 is rectangular.

[0046] In the second embodiment, cooling liquid channels 13 are disposed on both sides of the second protruding groove 122 .

[0047] In the third embodiment, the cross section of the coolant channel 13 is trapezoidal.

[0048] In the fourth embodiment, the cross section of the coolant flow channel 13 is in the shape of a cross.

[0049] A bipolar plate mechanism, comprising:

[0050] A plurality of stacked embedded bipolar plates 1;

[0051] a pair of end plates 2, disposed on the top and bottom of the plurality of embedded bipolar plates 1;

[0052] The sealing gasket is arranged between the end plate 2 and the embedded bipolar plate 1 .

[0053] The end plate 2 is also provided with ports for connecting the hydrogen flow channel and the oxygen flow channel.

[0054] The sealing gasket is made of rubber or other elastic materials, and is used to provide good sealing and protection between the embedded bipolar plate 1 and the end plate 2, prevent hydrogen or oxygen leakage and maintain the stability of the electrolyte membrane.

[0055] A fuel cell, comprising:

[0056] Bipolar plate mechanism;

[0057] The battery stack is connected to the end plates.

[0058] Taking the bipolar plate wall thickness as δ6=0.1mm, the bipolar plate flow channel height as h=0.35mm, and the structure of the cathode plate 12 ridge width of 1.5mm and the anode plate 11 ridge width of 0.7mm as an example, the total thickness of the bipolar plate after the single cell is assembled in the traditional way is 2δ1=2(δ6+h)=0.9mm. After the above-mentioned bipolar plate assembly method is changed, the total thickness of the bipolar plate after the single cell is assembled is 2δ1=2δ6+h=0.55mm. After the assembly is changed, the total thickness of the bipolar plate is reduced. It can effectively reduce the overall space of the battery stack.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0060] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An embedded bipolar plate, characterized in that: include: An anode plate (11) having a plurality of first recessed grooves (111) and a plurality of first raised grooves (112) disposed on its surface, wherein oxygen flow channels are formed in the first recessed grooves (111); A cathode plate (12) is provided with a plurality of second recessed grooves (121) and a plurality of second raised grooves (122) on its surface, wherein the second recessed grooves (121) correspond one-to-one to the first recessed grooves (111), and the first recessed grooves (111) are assembled in the second recessed grooves (121), and the second raised grooves (122) correspond one-to-one to the first raised grooves (112), and the second raised grooves (122) are assembled in the first raised grooves (112), and hydrogen flow channels are formed in the second raised grooves (122).

2. An embedded bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first recessed groove (111) and the first raised groove (112) are arranged at intervals.

3. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling liquid flow channel (13) is formed between the inner wall of the first protruding groove (112) and the outer wall of the second protruding groove (122).

4. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first recessed groove (111), the first raised groove (112), the second recessed groove (121) and the second raised groove (122) are all straight channel structures.

5. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling liquid flow channels (13) are arranged on both sides of the second protruding groove (122).

6. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel (13) is rectangular.

7. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel (13) is trapezoidal.

8. The embedded bipolar plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel (13) is in the shape of a Chinese character “X”.

9. A bipolar plate structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of stacked embedded bipolar plates (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; A pair of end plates (2) arranged on the top and bottom of the plurality of embedded bipolar plates (1); A sealing gasket is arranged between the end plate (2) and the embedded bipolar plate (1).

10. A fuel cell, characterized in that: include: The bipolar plate structure according to claim 9; A battery stack is connected to the end plate.

Images