Fan vibration response two-stage control device and method considering microtopography influence

Abstract

The invention provides a fan vibration response two-stage control device and method considering microtopography influence, and particularly relates to the technical field of power transmission tower vibration response control. The control device comprises a controller and a plurality of sets of variable TMD dampers and sensors. The variable TMD damper comprises a shell and a bottom plate, an electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, and the electromagnet is connected with an electrifying device through a power line; the shell is of a cube cavity structure; a mass block is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell and placed in the middle of the top of the bottom plate, and the four side walls of the mass block are connected with the inner side walls of the shell through four springs correspondingly. Based on a vibration response analysis result, an accurate control strategy is formulated, the control strategy comprises heater power adjustment and variable TMD damper energy release opportunity, the rigidity of local important components can be reinforced while overall vibration control over the power transmission tower is achieved, and the reliability is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the technical field of transmission tower vibration response control, and specifically to a two-stage control device and method for wind turbine vibration response that takes into account the influence of micro-topography. Background Art

[0002] my country's terrain is complex and diverse, especially in mountainous micro-terrains such as mountains and hills. As a type of wind-sensitive structure, power transmission lines may produce significant wind effects under wind loads. Nowadays, power transmission line corridors are increasingly scarce, and power transmission lines spanning thousands of miles inevitably need to pass through micro-terrains such as mountains and canyons. When strong winds pass through micro-terrain areas, wind speed and direction will change significantly, thus affecting the safety of power transmission lines.

[0003] Under the long-term action of wind load, the transmission tower will vibrate. Long-term wind-induced vibration will cause fatigue of the transmission tower structure, eventually leading to structural damage, and even causing the tower to fall or components to fall off, further causing harm to surrounding personnel and equipment. According to research, the vibration of the transmission tower under wind load is very serious, which has a great negative impact on the entire transmission channel infrastructure. Especially when there is the influence of micro-topography, the wind field will become extremely complex. The uncertainty and complexity of wind loads make the transmission tower prone to vibration under the action of wind vibration, aggravating the vibration of the transmission tower, causing the internal force of the transmission tower structure and components to exceed the allowable value, causing the material to yield, thereby accelerating the process of structural damage, and may even cause structural damage. In addition, the transmission tower may deform under the action of complex wind loads, resulting in changes in the tension of the transmission line, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency. Wind-induced vibration may also cause the insulators, hardware and other components on the transmission tower to loosen or be damaged, thereby causing short-circuit faults and affecting the stable operation of the power system.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a two-stage control device and method for fan vibration response taking into account the influence of micro-topography. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a two-stage control device and method for fan vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A two-stage control device for fan vibration response considering micro-topography influence comprises a controller and several groups of variable TMD dampers and sensors; the variable TMD damper comprises a shell and a base plate, an electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the base plate, and the electromagnet is connected to a power supply device through a power line; the shell is a cubic cavity structure; a mass block is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, the mass block is placed in the middle of the top of the base plate, and the four side walls of the mass block are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell through four springs; the sensor comprises an acceleration sensor, a velocity sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0007] Preferably, both ends of the spring are hinged to the inner side wall of the housing and the side wall of the mass block respectively through universal hinges.

[0008] Preferably, the shell and the bottom plate are both made of metal material; and the mass block is made of iron material.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor and the power supply device are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] A two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography adopts the above-mentioned control device and is divided into two stages: variable TMD vibration control design and SMA vibration control design; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0011] Preferably, S1 first stage: TMD vibration control design:

[0012] S1.1 According to the transmission tower parameters, a finite element model is used to establish a transmission tower numerical model. The first three orders of structural vibration are taken as the analysis object. The vibration characteristics of the transmission tower within the first three orders of structural vibration are analyzed, including the structural vibration mode and structural vibration frequency of the transmission tower, and then the maximum amplitude point and vibration mode turning point of each order are obtained;

[0013] S1.2 A set of variable TMD dampers and sensors are set at the maximum amplitude point and the turning point of each vibration mode to complete the determination of TMD and measuring point position;

[0014] S1.3 The specific frequency of each structural vibration mode is obtained according to the structural vibration mode, and the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is adjusted by selecting different spring stiffness and mass block mass, so that the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is in sync with the specific frequency of the structural vibration mode at its location, and the design of the TMD is completed;

[0015] S1.4 uses sensors to capture vibration data at different heights and locations of the transmission tower, transmits the vibration data to the controller in real time, and analyzes the vibration data in real time;

[0016] S1.5 uses the transmission tower numerical model to gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm, and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model. When the stress value at a certain point exceeds 60% of the allowable stress limit of the material itself, it indicates that the component at the point is about to be damaged, and the variable TMD damper corresponding to the point is controlled to start consuming energy to achieve energy release or adjustment;

[0017] Preferably, S2 second stage: SMA vibration control design:

[0018] S2.1 substitutes the transmission tower parameters equipped with a variable TMD damper into and updates the transmission tower numerical model in S1.1, simulates the structural response of the transmission tower under different vibration amplitudes, gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model, defines the component with the largest stress response during the increase of the vibration amplitude as the first important component, and installs shape memory alloy on the surface of the first important component for reinforcement;

[0019] S2.2 substitutes the structural parameters after the shape memory alloy is installed into the numerical model of the transmission tower in S2.1 and gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower in steps of 1 cm:

[0020] If the current transmission tower has structural damage, and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, the reinforcement will be terminated;

[0021] If it is not satisfied, find out the component with the largest stress response in the vibration amplitude enhancement process and define it as the second important component, and install shape memory alloy on the surface of the second important component for reinforcement;

[0022] S2.3 Repeatedly update the transmission tower numerical model and gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm until the reinforced transmission tower has structural damage and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, then the reinforcement is terminated.

[0023] Also preferably, the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper in S1.3 is consistent with the vibration frequency of the transmission tower structure at which it is located.

[0024] Also preferably, the step of controlling the energy consumption of the variable TMD damper in S1.5 specifically includes:

[0025] When it is detected that the vibration response of a certain measuring point of the transmission tower exceeds the preset safety threshold, the controller sends a command to the variable TMD damper of the corresponding measuring point, turns on the power-on device connected to the corresponding electromagnet to energize the electromagnet, and changes the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet by adjusting the current, thereby changing the friction between the mass block and the base plate, thereby realizing the energy release or adjustment of the variable TMD damper.

[0026] Further preferably, the safety threshold is 80% of the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself when the transmission tower as a whole suffers structural damage.

[0027] Still further preferably, the installation of the shape memory alloy specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0028] First, the shape memory alloy is attached to the surface of the important component to be reinforced;

[0029] Second, a heater is installed on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy and a temperature sensor is set to obtain a reinforcement component body; wherein the temperature sensor is electrically connected to a controller;

[0030] Third, the reinforcement can be completed by wrapping the outermost layer of the reinforcement component body with insulation cotton.

[0031] More preferably, the additional stiffness of the shape memory alloy is adjusted to 20% of the stiffness of the important component to be reinforced by the heater.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Based on the results of vibration response analysis, the present invention formulates an accurate control strategy, including the adjustment of heater power and the timing of energy release of the variable TMD damper, to achieve precise control of transmission tower vibration;

[0034] 2. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of shape memory alloy and heater, and can dynamically adjust the local stiffness of the transmission tower according to the vibration condition. When the vibration is large, the shape memory alloy is heated by the heater to restore the preset shape and increase the structural stiffness, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and protecting the safety of the transmission tower structure.

[0035] 3. The present invention can monitor the vibration of the transmission tower in real time through the sensors installed on the transmission tower and take timely measures to prevent further damage to the transmission tower structure and the occurrence of tower collapse accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The drawings constituting the specification of this application are used to provide further understanding of this application and do not constitute improper limitations on this application.

[0037] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the two-stage control method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is the top view of the variable TMD damper;

[0039] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a variable TMD damper;

[0040] Figure 4 Cross-sectional views of important components for reinforcement;

[0041] In the figure, 1-housing; 2-mass block; 3-spring; 4-base plate; 5-electromagnet; 6-important component to be reinforced; 7-shape memory alloy; 8-heater; 9-thermal insulation cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific implementation of a two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography provided by the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 2-3 As shown, a two-stage control device for wind turbine vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography includes a controller and several groups of variable TMD dampers and sensors. The variable TMD damper includes a shell 1 and a bottom plate 4, an electromagnet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 4, and the electromagnet 5 is connected to the power supply device through a power cord; the shell 1 is a cubic cavity structure, and a mass block 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the mass block 2 is placed in the middle of the top of the bottom plate 4 and the four side walls of the mass block 2 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 through four springs 3. It is worth noting here that the shell 1 and the bottom plate 4 are both made of metal materials, especially the bottom plate 4 is made of metal materials with good electrical conductivity, including but not limited to copper; the mass block 2 is made of iron material.

[0044] Preferably, the sensor includes an acceleration sensor, a velocity sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0045] Preferably, both ends of the spring 3 are hinged to the inner wall of the housing 1 and the side wall of the mass block 2 respectively through universal hinges.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography adopts the above-mentioned control device and is divided into two stages: variable TMD vibration control design and SMA vibration control design; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0047] S1 Phase 1: TMD vibration control design (mainly used to control the overall vibration of the transmission tower and protect the safety of the transmission tower):

[0048] S1.1 According to the transmission tower parameters, a finite element model is used to establish a transmission tower numerical model. The first three orders of structural vibration are taken as the analysis object. The vibration characteristics of the transmission tower within the first three orders of structural vibration are analyzed, including the structural vibration mode and structural vibration frequency of the transmission tower, and then the maximum amplitude point and vibration mode turning point of each order are obtained;

[0049] It is worth noting here that the structural vibration is mainly in the first three orders, and the first-order vibration mode has no vibration mode turning point, only the maximum vibration mode amplitude point; the second-order vibration mode has 1 vibration mode turning point and 1 vibration mode amplitude maximum point, and the third-order vibration mode has 2 vibration mode turning points and 1 vibration mode amplitude maximum point, that is, a total of 6 points need to set variable TMD dampers;

[0050] S1.2 A set of variable TMD dampers and sensors are set at the maximum amplitude point and the turning point of the vibration mode in each stage to complete the position determination of TMD and measuring points;

[0051] S1.3 The specific frequency of each structural vibration mode is obtained according to the structural vibration mode, and the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is adjusted by selecting different spring stiffness and mass block mass, so that the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is in sync with the specific frequency of the structural vibration mode at its location, and the design of the TMD is completed to ensure that the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is consistent with the vibration frequency of the transmission tower structure at its location;

[0052] S1.4 uses sensors to capture vibration data at different heights and locations of the transmission tower, transmits the vibration data to the controller in real time, and analyzes the vibration data in real time;

[0053] S1.5 uses the transmission tower numerical model to gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm, and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model. When the stress value at a certain point exceeds 60% of the allowable stress limit of the material itself, it indicates that the component at the point is about to be damaged. The energy consumption of the variable TMD damper corresponding to the point is controlled to achieve energy release or adjustment;

[0054] Among them, controlling the energy consumption of the variable TMD damper in S1.5 specifically includes:

[0055] When it is detected that the vibration response of a certain measuring point of the transmission tower exceeds a preset safety threshold (the safety threshold is 80% of the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself when the transmission tower as a whole is structurally damaged), the controller sends a command to the variable TMD damper at the corresponding measuring point, turns on the power-on device connected to the corresponding electromagnet to energize the electromagnet, changes the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet by adjusting the current, and then changes the friction between the mass block and the base plate, thereby realizing the energy release or adjustment of the variable TMD damper.

[0056] S2 Phase II: SMA vibration control design (focusing on protecting important components and reinforcing components prone to structural damage):

[0057] S2.1 substitutes the transmission tower parameters equipped with a variable TMD damper into and updates the transmission tower numerical model in S1.1, simulates the structural response of the transmission tower under different vibration amplitudes, gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model, defines the component with the largest stress response during the increase of the vibration amplitude as the first important component, and installs shape memory alloy on the surface of the first important component for reinforcement;

[0058] S2.2 substitutes the structural parameters after the shape memory alloy is installed into the numerical model of the transmission tower in S2.1 and gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower in steps of 1 cm:

[0059] If the current transmission tower has structural damage, and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, the reinforcement will be terminated;

[0060] If it is not satisfied, find out the component with the largest stress response in the vibration amplitude enhancement process and define it as the second important component, and install shape memory alloy on the surface of the second important component for reinforcement;

[0061] S2.3 Repeatedly update the transmission tower numerical model and gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm until the reinforced transmission tower has structural damage and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, then the reinforcement is terminated.

[0062] Further preferably, the installation of the shape memory alloy specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0063] First, the shape memory alloy 7 is pasted on the surface of the important component 6 to be reinforced;

[0064] Second, a heater 8 is installed on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy 7 and a temperature sensor is set to obtain a reinforcement component body;

[0065] Third, the outermost layer of the reinforcement component body is wrapped with heat insulation cotton 9 to avoid being affected by solar radiation to complete the reinforcement.

[0066] More preferably, the additional stiffness of the shape memory alloy 7 can be adjusted to 20% of the stiffness of the important component 6 to be reinforced by controlling the heating of the heater 8. Specifically, the actual temperature of the shape memory alloy 7 is monitored by the temperature sensor, and the current of the heater 8 is adjusted to achieve precise control of the temperature of the shape memory alloy 7, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the shape memory alloy 7 and adjusting the stiffness of the shape memory alloy 7; when the temperature sensor detects abnormal temperature or the temperature sensor fails, the controller can automatically cut off the current of the heater to ensure the safety of the overall structure.

[0067] It is worth noting that the sensor, temperature sensor and power supply device are all controlled by a controller.

[0068] Based on the results of vibration response analysis, the present invention formulates an accurate control strategy, including the adjustment of heater power and the timing of energy release of the variable TMD damper, to achieve precise control of the vibration of the transmission tower; by utilizing the synergistic effect of the shape memory alloy and the heater, the local stiffness of the transmission tower can be dynamically adjusted according to the vibration of the transmission tower. When the vibration is large, the shape memory alloy is heated by the heater to restore the preset shape and increase the structural stiffness, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and protecting the safety of the transmission tower structure;

[0069] In addition, through the sensors installed on the transmission tower, the vibration of the transmission tower can be monitored in real time and timely measures can be taken to prevent further damage to the transmission tower structure and the occurrence of tower collapse accidents.

[0070] The present invention can make the structure more reasonable during the stress process, reduce stress concentration and fatigue damage, thereby extending the service life of the transmission tower and effectively improving its stability under wind load, reducing vibration amplitude and reducing the risk of collapse.

[0071] In the present invention, the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of the various parts or elements of the present invention. They do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Terms such as "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific circumstances, and they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0072] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage control device for fan vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography, characterized in that: It includes a controller and several sets of variable TMD dampers and sensors; The variable TMD damper comprises a shell and a bottom plate, wherein an electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, and the electromagnet is connected to a power supply device through a power line; the shell is a cubic cavity structure; a mass block is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the mass block is placed in the middle of the top of the bottom plate, and the four side walls of the mass block are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell through four springs; The sensors include acceleration sensors, velocity sensors and displacement sensors.

2. The two-stage control device for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both ends of each spring are respectively hinged to the inner side wall of the shell and the side wall of the mass block through universal hinges.

3. The two-stage control device for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shell and the bottom plate are both made of metal materials; the mass block is made of iron material.

4. The two-stage control device for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sensor and the power supply device are both electrically connected to the controller.

5. A two-stage control method for fan vibration response considering the influence of micro-topography, using the control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes two stages: variable TMD vibration control design and SMA vibration control design; specifically, it includes the following steps: S1 Phase 1: TMD Vibration Control Design: S1.1 According to the transmission tower parameters, a finite element model is used to establish a transmission tower numerical model. The first three orders of structural vibration are taken as the analysis object. The vibration characteristics of the transmission tower within the first three orders of structural vibration are analyzed, including the structural vibration mode and structural vibration frequency of the transmission tower, and then the maximum amplitude point and vibration mode turning point of each order are obtained; S1.2 A set of variable TMD dampers and sensors are set at the maximum amplitude point and the turning point of each vibration mode to complete the determination of TMD and measuring point position; S1.3 The specific frequency of each structural vibration mode is obtained according to the structural vibration mode, and the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is adjusted by selecting different spring stiffness and mass block mass, so that the vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper is in sync with the specific frequency of the structural vibration mode at its location, and the design of the TMD is completed; S1.4 uses sensors to capture vibration data at different heights and locations of the transmission tower, transmits the vibration data to the controller in real time, and analyzes the vibration data in real time; S1.5 uses the transmission tower numerical model to gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm, and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model. When the stress value at a certain point exceeds 60% of the allowable stress limit of the material itself, it indicates that the component at the point is about to be damaged, and the variable TMD damper corresponding to the point is controlled to start consuming energy to achieve energy release or adjustment; S2 Phase II: SMA Vibration Control Design: S2.1 substitutes the transmission tower parameters equipped with a variable TMD damper into and updates the transmission tower numerical model in S1.1, simulates the structural response of the transmission tower under different vibration amplitudes, gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm and outputs the stress cloud map of the transmission tower model, defines the component with the largest stress response during the increase of the vibration amplitude as the first important component, and installs shape memory alloy on the surface of the first important component for reinforcement; S2.2 substitutes the structural parameters after the shape memory alloy is installed into the transmission tower numerical model in S2.1 and gradually increases the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower in steps of 1 cm: If the current transmission tower has structural damage, and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, the reinforcement will be terminated; If it is not satisfied, find out the component with the largest stress response in the vibration amplitude enhancement process and define it as the second important component, and install shape memory alloy on the surface of the second important component for reinforcement; S2.3 Repeatedly update the transmission tower numerical model and gradually increase the vibration amplitude of the transmission tower with a step of 1 cm until the reinforced transmission tower has structural damage and the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself increases by 20% compared with the maximum vibration amplitude before reinforcement, then the reinforcement is terminated.

6. The two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The vibration frequency of the variable TMD damper in S1.3 is consistent with the vibration frequency of the transmission tower structure where it is located.

7. The two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The control of the variable TMD damper startup energy consumption in S1.5 specifically includes: When it is detected that the vibration response of a certain measuring point of the transmission tower exceeds the preset safety threshold, the controller sends a command to the variable TMD damper of the corresponding measuring point, turns on the power-on device connected to the corresponding electromagnet to energize the electromagnet, and changes the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet by adjusting the current, thereby changing the friction between the mass block and the base plate, thereby realizing the energy release or adjustment of the variable TMD damper.

8. The two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The safety threshold is 80% of the maximum vibration amplitude corresponding to the allowable stress limit value of the material itself when the transmission tower as a whole suffers structural damage.

9. The two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The installation of the shape memory alloy specifically includes the following sub-steps: First, the shape memory alloy is attached to the surface of the important component to be reinforced; Second, a heater is installed on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy and a temperature sensor is set to obtain a reinforcement component body; wherein the temperature sensor is electrically connected to a controller; Third, the reinforcement can be completed by wrapping the outermost layer of the reinforcement component body with insulation cotton.

10. The two-stage control method for wind turbine vibration response considering micro-topography influence according to claim 9, characterized in that: The additional stiffness of the shape memory alloy is adjusted to 20% of the stiffness of the important component to be reinforced through the heater.

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