Parallel receiving and transmitting method for multi-path space division signals of digital phased array

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-path space division signal parallel transmitting and receiving method of a digital phased array. A receiving system and a transmitting system of a radio frequency sampling digital phased array or an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array or a baseband sampling digital phased array are included. In a receiving system, an analog radio frequency signal received by each antenna unit is converted into a complex digital baseband receiving signal after being processed by a downlink, and multi-path space division complex digital baseband signals from different directions can be parallelly calculated by utilizing a multi-path parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm; in a transmitting system, a complex digital baseband transmitting signal of each uplink is calculated by using a multi-path parallel DBF transmitting signal processing algorithm, and a corresponding antenna unit radiates an analog radio frequency signal to a space through signal processing of the uplink, so that multi-path space division complex digital baseband signals can be transmitted in parallel to different directions. The method is suitable for transmitting and receiving various modulation signals, and the control precision of a transmitting and receiving directional diagram is higher than that of a transmitting and receiving directional diagram of an analog active phased array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digital phased array transceiver signal processing, and in particular to a multi-path space division signal parallel transceiver method for a digital phased array. Background Art

[0002] The development of phased array has gone through three stages: analog passive phased array, analog active phased array and digital phased array. The analog passive phased array adopts centralized power amplification, and its array pattern formation is not flexible enough, and the system robustness is poor; each antenna unit of the analog active phased array is connected to an independent T / R component, and distributed power amplification is adopted, so the system is more robust. The analog active phased array uses the digitally controlled phase shifter and digitally controlled attenuator in the T / R component to directly control the amplitude and phase of the analog RF signal, thereby forming a specified transceiver array pattern. Since the digitally controlled phase shifter cannot realize the respective phase shift amount of multiple signals at the same time, and the digitally controlled attenuator cannot realize the respective attenuation amount of multiple signals at the same time, the analog active phased array cannot receive multiple space-divided signals from different directions in parallel, nor can it transmit multiple space-divided signals in parallel to different directions. In addition, due to the phase shift accuracy of the digitally controlled phase shifter and the attenuation accuracy of the digitally controlled attenuator, the control accuracy of the analog active phased array transceiver pattern is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for parallel reception and transmission of multi-channel space-division signals of a digital phased array. The method takes the digital phased array as the hardware basis and utilizes the method for parallel reception of multi-channel space-division signals to receive multi-channel space-division complex digital baseband signals from different directions in parallel. The method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space-division signals can transmit multi-channel space-division complex digital baseband signals in parallel to different directions. The control accuracy of the reception and transmission pattern is higher than that of the reception and transmission pattern of an analog active phased array.

[0004] A digital phased array, the technical solution of which is that the digital phased array adopts a radio frequency sampling digital phased array or an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array or a baseband sampling digital phased array, each antenna unit of the digital phased array is respectively connected to a downlink and an uplink through a duplexer, each downlink includes a limiter, a low noise amplifier (LNA), and an analog radio frequency signal converter connected in sequence, the input end of the limiter is connected to the output end of the duplexer, each uplink includes a complex digital baseband transmission signal converter and a power amplifier connected in sequence, the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the input end of the duplexer;

[0005] If the digital phased array adopts an RF sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital sinusoidal signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first finite impulse response (FIR) low-pass filter (LPF), a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The input end of the ADC is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the first FIR LPF, the first extractor, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence, and the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the second FIR LPF, a second extractor, another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and an output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs a complex digital baseband receiving signal; each complex digital baseband transmitting signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sinusoidal signal generator, a digital adder, and a third DAC. The same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all the complex digital baseband transmitting signal converters, and the real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected to the first DAC, the first ADC, the second ADC, the second digital multiplier, the digital sinusoidal signal generator, the digital adder, and the third DAC in sequence. an ADC, a first digital multiplier, the imaginary signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC, the second ADC, and the second digital multiplier in sequence, the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier, the output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to an input end of the digital adder, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the other input end of the digital adder, the output end of the digital adder is connected to the third DAC, and the output end of the third DAC outputs an analog radio frequency signal;

[0006] If the digital phased array adopts an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, an analog bandpass filter (BPF), an ADC, a digital sine signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first FIR LPF, a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the output end of the analog sine wave generator. The output end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog BPF and the ADC in sequence. The output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the analog BPF and the ADC in sequence. LPF, a first extractor, and an input end of a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected in sequence to the second FIR LPF, the second extractor, and another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs a complex digital baseband receiving signal; each complex digital baseband transmitting signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sine signal generator, a digital adder, a third DAC, an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all complex digital baseband transmitting signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected in sequence to the first DAC, the first ADC, and the first digital multiplier, and the imaginary part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected in sequence to the second DAC, the second AD C. A second digital multiplier, a digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input terminal of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input terminal of the second digital multiplier, an output terminal of the first digital multiplier is connected to an input terminal of a digital adder, an output terminal of the second digital multiplier is connected to the other input terminal of the digital adder, an output terminal of the digital adder is connected to a third DAC, an output terminal of the third DAC is connected to an analog multiplier and an analog BPF in sequence, an output terminal of the analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input terminal of the analog multiplier, and an output terminal of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal;

[0007] If the digital phased array adopts a baseband sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a third analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog BPF, a second analog sine wave generator, a first analog multiplier, a first analog LPF, a first ADC, a second analog multiplier, a second analog LPF, a second ADC, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the first analog sine wave generator. The output end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the input end of the analog BPF, the output end of the analog BPF is connected to an input end of the first analog multiplier and an input end of the second analog multiplier, the second analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal sine waves, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier, the output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to the first analog LPF, the first ADC, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence, and the output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the second analog LPF, the second ADC, the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence. Another input end of the synthesizer and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer output the complex digital baseband receiving signal; each complex digital baseband transmitting signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first analog multiplier, a second DAC, a second analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog adder, a third analog multiplier, a second analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all the complex digital baseband transmitting signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected to the first DAC and the first analog multiplier in sequence. The complex digital baseband transmitting signal The imaginary signal of the signal is connected to the second DAC and the second analog multiplier in sequence. The first analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier. The output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to an input end of the analog adder, and the output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the other input end of the analog adder. The output end of the analog adder is connected to the third analog multiplier and the analog BPF in sequence. The output end of the second analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input end of the third analog multiplier, and the output end of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal.

[0008] Beneficial effects of the digital phased array:

[0009] 1. When the digital phased array adopts RF sampling digital phased array, the analog RF signal converter directly converts the analog RF signal into a digital RF signal, and the complex digital baseband transmit signal converter directly converts the digital RF signal into an analog RF signal. The RF sampling digital phased array adopts fully digital signal processing technology, which improves the integration, stability and reliability of the digital phased array.

[0010] 2. When the digital phased array adopts the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, the analog RF signal converter converts the analog RF signal into an analog intermediate frequency signal. The sampling of the analog intermediate frequency signal is easy to implement in engineering, and the data transmission rate of the digital intermediate frequency signal is low, and the subsequent digital signal processing is easy to implement; the complex digital baseband transmission signal converter converts the digital intermediate frequency signal into an analog intermediate frequency signal, which is easy to implement in engineering, and the data transmission rate of the digital intermediate frequency signal is low, and the digital signal processing at the front end is easy to implement.

[0011] 3. When the digital phased array adopts baseband sampling digital phased array, the analog RF signal converter converts the analog RF signal into an analog intermediate frequency signal, and then converts the analog intermediate frequency signal into an analog baseband signal. The sampling of analog baseband signals is easier to implement in engineering, and the data transmission rate of digital baseband signals is lower, and the subsequent digital signal processing is easier to implement; the complex digital baseband transmit signal converter converts the digital baseband into an analog baseband signal, which is easier to implement in engineering, and the data transmission rate of digital baseband signals is lower, and the front-end digital signal processing is easier to implement.

[0012] A multi-channel space division signal parallel receiving method, the technical scheme is as follows: the multi-channel space division signal parallel receiving method is based on the hardware of the digital phased array, the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional plane array or a two-dimensional conformal array, the analog radio frequency signal output by the LNA in each downlink of the digital phased array is converted into a complex digital baseband receiving signal by an analog radio frequency signal converter, and the complex digital baseband receiving signal output by each downlink is calculated in parallel by a multi-channel parallel digital beamforming (DBF) receiving signal processing algorithm to obtain multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signals from different directions, which are specifically as follows:

[0013] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, the multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional linear array is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array, n represents the antenna unit and downlink sequence number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, k represents the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, N represents the number of antenna elements of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential sign, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth downlink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, Δd ni Represents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction;

[0018] Using equation (1) or equation (2) to parallelly calculate the i ,i=1,2,…I multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signal

[0019] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective, m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, θ i and φ i Respectively represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array or the virtual two-dimensional plane array, d x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in a longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a horizontal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the horizontal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are in (θ i ,φ i ) direction;

[0024] Use equation (3) or equation (4) to calculate in parallel the Multi-channel space division multiplexing digital baseband signal in The main lobe pointing to the i-th receiving pattern is θ with respect to the two-dimensional plane array or the virtual two-dimensional plane array. i , azimuth is φ i .

[0025] If the digital phased array adopts a radio frequency sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each downlink of the radio frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array or the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The ADC uses the same sampling time interval T in all analog RF signal converters. s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog radio frequency signal; The digital RF signal obtained by ADC is S n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -2sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; S n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal in the first FIRLPF is B n (l) indicates that S n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second FIR LPF is D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but

[0026] It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

[0027] If the digital phased array adopts an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each downlink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The same analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used express, The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by filtering out the high frequency signal through the analog BPF is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the ADC in all analog RF signal converters uses the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by ADC is n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals and one channel is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -2sin(2πf i T s l) indicates; n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n(l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the first FIR LPF is n (l) indicates that

[0028] I n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second FIR LPF is D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but

[0029] It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

[0030] If the digital phased array adopts a baseband sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each downlink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array or the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The same first analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to generate a Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used express, The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by filtering out the high frequency signal through the analog BPF is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the same second analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, one of which is O c (t) = 2cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -2sin(2πf i t) indicates; With O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier is A n (t) indicates that A n (t) The analog baseband signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal in the first analog LPF is n (t) represents, then With O s (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second analog multiplier is C n (t) indicates that C n (t) The analog baseband signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second analog LPF is D n (t) represents, then In all analog RF signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; B n (t) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first ADC is used Indicates that The real digital baseband signal Dn(t) obtained by the second ADC is used Indicates that and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the multi-path space division signal parallel reception method are as follows:

[0032] 1. Since the complex digital baseband reception signals output by each downlink of the digital phased array can be dynamically stored, the multi-channel parallel DBF reception signal processing algorithm can be used to receive multiple spatially divided complex digital baseband signals from different directions in parallel, while the analog active phased array cannot receive multiple spatially divided signals from different directions in parallel.

[0033] 2. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm uses a digital signal processing algorithm to form multiple receiving directional patterns. The control accuracy of the receiving directional patterns depends on the digital signal processing accuracy. Compared with the analog active phased array, the control accuracy of the digital phased array receiving directional patterns is higher.

[0034] 3. In practical applications, since there are consistency differences in the signal processing of each downlink, all digital phased arrays must be calibrated before leaving the factory to obtain the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each downlink. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm effectively utilizes the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each downlink, eliminates the influence of the above consistency differences on multiple receiving directional patterns, and the multiple receiving directional patterns formed by the multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm are more accurate.

[0035] 4. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm is suitable for receiving various modulated signals, and is particularly suitable for receiving QAM modulated signals, because QAM modulated signals transmit information through the amplitude and phase of complex digital baseband receiving signals.

[0036] A method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space-division signals, the technical scheme of which is as follows: the method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space-division signals is based on the hardware of a digital phased array, the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional plane array or a two-dimensional conformal array, and the multi-channel space-division complex digital baseband signals transmitted in different directions are calculated by a multi-channel parallel digital beamforming (DBF) transmission signal processing algorithm to obtain a complex digital baseband transmission signal of each uplink, and each complex digital baseband transmission signal is processed by the uplink signal and radiates an analog radio frequency signal to space by a corresponding antenna unit, so as to form multiple transmission directional patterns in the far field, and transmit the multi-channel space-division complex digital baseband signals in parallel in different directions, which is specifically as follows:

[0037] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, the multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional linear array is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where n represents the antenna element and uplink number of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, represents the complex digital baseband transmit signal of the nth uplink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, k represents the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe pointing of the ith transmission pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, N represents the number of antenna units of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna units of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential sign, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Represents the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth uplink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, Δd ni Represents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction;

[0042] The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna element of the nth uplink through the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array;

[0043] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective, m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] in represents the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, θ i and φ i represents the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array or the virtual two-dimensional plane array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, and d x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a horizontal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the i-th lateral one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the transmission pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are at an elevation angle of θ. i , azimuth is φ i Distance difference in direction;

[0048] The uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array radiates the analog radio frequency signal into space from the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column.

[0049] If the digital phased array adopts a radio frequency sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each uplink of the radio frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array or the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) means The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog RF signal; B n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is O c (l) = cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital RF signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that R n (l) The analog RF signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0050] If the digital phased array adopts an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each uplink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) means The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is O c (l) = cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -sin(2πf i T s l) represents, where f i represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal, l represents the discrete time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; B n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that I n (l) The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that The same analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used express, The analog RF signal is obtained by filtering out the low-frequency signal through the analog BPF. Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog RF signal, The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0051] If the digital phased array adopts a baseband sampling digital phased array, the signal processing method of each uplink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array or the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) means The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents a continuous time independent variable; the same first analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, one of which is O c (t) = cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -sin(2πf i t) represents, where f i represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; B n (t) and O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier and C n (t) and O s (t) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second analog multiplier is used to obtain the analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the analog adder. Indicates that The same second analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used express, The analog RF signal is obtained by filtering out the low-frequency signal through the analog BPF. Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the multi-path space division signal parallel transmission method are as follows:

[0053] 1. Using the multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm, the complex digital baseband transmission signal of each uplink of the digital phased array contains the amplitude and phase information of multiple spatially divided complex digital baseband signals. Therefore, the digital phased array can transmit multiple complex digital baseband signals in parallel in different directions, while the analog active phased array cannot transmit multiple spatially divided signals in parallel in different directions.

[0054] 2. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm uses a digital signal processing algorithm to form multiple transmission patterns. The control accuracy of the transmission pattern depends on the digital signal processing accuracy. Compared with the analog active phased array, the control accuracy of the digital phased array transmission pattern is higher.

[0055] 3. In practical applications, since there are consistency differences in the signal processing of each uplink, all digital phased arrays must be calibrated before leaving the factory to obtain the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each uplink. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm effectively utilizes the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each uplink, eliminates the influence of the above consistency differences on multiple transmission directional patterns, and the multi-channel transmission directional pattern formed by the multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm is more accurate.

[0056] 4. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm is suitable for the transmission of various modulated signals, and is particularly suitable for the transmission of QAM modulated signals, because QAM modulated signals transmit information through the amplitude and phase of complex digital baseband transmission signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention and the prior art description. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 Digital phased array and its transmit and receive signal processing flow chart;

[0059] Figure 2 Analog RF signal converter of RF sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0060] Figure 3 Analog RF signal converter of intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0061] Figure 4 Analog RF signal converter of baseband sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0062] Figure 5 Complex digital baseband transmit signal converter of RF sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0063] Figure 6 Complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0064] Figure 7Complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of baseband sampling digital phased array and its signal processing flow chart;

[0065] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a one-dimensional linear array;

[0066] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a two-dimensional planar array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. The following description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0068] A digital phased array, the technical solution of which is that the digital phased array adopts a radio frequency sampling digital phased array or an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array or a baseband sampling digital phased array, referring to Figure 1 , each antenna unit of the digital phased array is connected to a downlink and an uplink respectively through a duplexer, each downlink includes a limiter, a low noise amplifier (LNA), and an analog RF signal converter connected in sequence, the input end of the limiter is connected to the output end of the duplexer, and each uplink includes a complex digital baseband transmission signal converter and a power amplifier connected in sequence, the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the input end of the duplexer; the difference between the RF sampling digital phased array, the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, and the baseband sampling digital phased array is only that their respective analog RF signal converters and complex digital baseband transmission signal converters are different, and other devices are the same;

[0069] If the digital phased array uses a radio frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 2Each analog RF signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital sinusoidal signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first finite impulse response (FIR) low-pass filter (LPF), a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The input end of the ADC is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the first FIR LPF, the first extractor, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence, and the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the second FIR LPF, the second extractor, another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer output the complex digital baseband receiving signal; Figure 5 Each complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sine signal generator, a digital adder, and a third DAC. The same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The real signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the first DAC, the first ADC, and the first digital multiplier in sequence. The imaginary signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC, the second ADC, and the second digital multiplier in sequence. The digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to another input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to another input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to one input end of the digital adder, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to another input end of the digital adder, the output end of the digital adder is connected to the third DAC, and the output end of the third DAC outputs an analog RF signal.

[0070] If the digital phased array uses an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 3Each analog RF signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, an analog bandpass filter (BPF), an ADC, a digital sine signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first FIR LPF, a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the output end of the analog sine wave generator. The output end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog BPF and the ADC in sequence. The output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the first FIR LPF, the first extractor, and one input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected in sequence to the second FIR LPF, the second extractor, and another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs the complex digital baseband reception signal; Figure 6 Each complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sine signal generator, a digital adder, a third DAC, an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the first DAC, the first ADC, and the first digital multiplier in sequence, and the imaginary part signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC, the second A DC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier, the output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to an input end of the digital adder, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the other input end of the digital adder, the output end of the digital adder is connected to the third DAC, the output end of the third DAC is connected to the analog multiplier and the analog BPF in sequence, the output end of the analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input end of the analog multiplier, and the output end of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal;

[0071] If the digital phased array uses a baseband sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 4Each analog RF signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a third analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog BPF, a second analog sine wave generator, a first analog multiplier, a first analog LPF, a first ADC, a second analog multiplier, a second analog LPF, a second ADC, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the output end of the first analog sine wave generator. The output end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the input end of the analog BPF. The output end of the analog BPF is connected to an input end of the first analog multiplier and an input end of the second analog multiplier. The second analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal sine waves, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier. The output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to the first analog LPF, the first ADC, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence. The output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the second analog LPF, the second ADC, and another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence. The output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs a complex digital baseband reception signal; refer to Figure 7 Each complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first analog multiplier, a second DAC, a second analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog adder, a third analog multiplier, a second analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the first DAC in sequence. C. The first analog multiplier, the imaginary signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC and the second analog multiplier in sequence, the first analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier, the output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to an input end of the analog adder, the output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the other input end of the analog adder, the output end of the analog adder is connected to the third analog multiplier and the analog BPF in sequence, the output end of the second analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input end of the third analog multiplier, and the output end of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal.

[0072] A multi-channel space division signal parallel receiving method, the multi-channel space division signal parallel receiving method is based on a digital phased array as the hardware, the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional planar array or a two-dimensional conformal array, and refers to Figure 1The analog RF signal output by the LNA in each downlink of the digital phased array is converted into a complex digital baseband receiving signal by the analog RF signal converter. The complex digital baseband receiving signal output by each downlink is calculated in parallel by a multi-path parallel digital beamforming (DBF) receiving signal processing algorithm to obtain multi-path space-divided complex digital baseband signals from different directions, which are as follows:

[0073] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, refer to Figure 8 , the multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of one-dimensional linear array is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the one-dimensional linear array, n represents the antenna unit and downlink sequence number of the one-dimensional linear array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink of the one-dimensional linear array, k is an integer representing the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array, N represents the number of antenna elements in the one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern. Common window functions include rectangular window function, Taylor window function, Hamming window function, Chebyshev window function, etc., f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog RF signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential symbol, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth downlink of the one-dimensional linear array, Δψ n and Δa n The value is obtained during the downlink calibration of the digital phased array; (Note: All digital phased arrays must be calibrated and measured for the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each downlink before leaving the factory)

[0076] Using formula (1), we can calculate the i ,i=1,2,…I multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signal Where I represents the number of multiple receiving patterns formed in parallel by a one-dimensional linear array;

[0077] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the one-dimensional conformal array, n represents the antenna element and downlink sequence number of the one-dimensional conformal array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink of the one-dimensional conformal array, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern and the normal of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, N represents the number of antenna elements of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, Δd ni Represents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction, Δψ n and Δa n They represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth downlink of the one-dimensional conformal array, Δψ n and Δa n The value of is obtained during the downlink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0080] Using formula (2), we can calculate the i ,i=1,2,…I multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signal Where I represents the number of multiple receiving patterns formed in parallel by a one-dimensional conformal array;

[0081] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, refer to Fig. 9 , the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective, and is composed of N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the two-dimensional planar array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array, θ i and φ i Respectively represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array, d x represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array, d yRepresents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the horizontal one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the horizontal one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn They represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array, Δψ mn and Δa mn The value of is obtained during the downlink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0084] Using formula (3), we can calculate the Multi-channel space division multiplexing digital baseband signal in The main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern is pointed at an elevation angle θ relative to the two-dimensional plane array. i , azimuth is φ i , I represents the number of multiple receiving patterns formed in parallel by the two-dimensional planar array,

[0085] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] in represents the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the two-dimensional conformal array,

[0088] is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array, θ i and φ i Respectively represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern relative to the virtual two-dimensional plane array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are in (θ i ,φ i ) direction, The main lobe pointing to the i-th receiving pattern is θ with respect to the virtual two-dimensional plane array. i , azimuth is φ i , d x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the longitudinal virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the horizontal virtual one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the vertical virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the horizontal virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn They represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array, Δψ mn and Δa mn The value of is obtained during the downlink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0089] Using formula (4), we can calculate the Multi-channel space division multiplexing digital baseband signal Where I represents the number of multiple receiving patterns formed in parallel by the two-dimensional conformal array.

[0090] If the digital phased array uses a radio frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 2 , the signal processing method for each downlink of the RF sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents a continuous time independent variable, without loss of generality, cos(2πf0t) is used to represent the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is Where R n (t) is The amplitude signal, for Phase signal; ADC uses the same sampling time interval T in all analog RF signal converters. s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog radio frequency signal; The digital RF signal obtained by ADC is S n (l) indicates that Where l is an integer representing a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals. Without loss of generality, one channel is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -2sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; S n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n (l) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the first FIR LPF The output signal is obtained by B n (l) indicates that S n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the second FIR LPF The output signal obtained is expressed as D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer synthesizes two real digital baseband signals into one complex digital baseband signal. is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink, The amplitude signal yes The amplitude signal R n (t) is the sampling signal, The phase signal yes The phase signal The sampling signal.

[0091] If the digital phased array uses an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 3 The signal processing method for each downlink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents a continuous time independent variable, without loss of generality, cos(2πf0t) is used to represent the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is in for The amplitude signal, for phase signal; the same analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. Without loss of generality, the analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used Indicates that The high-frequency signal is filtered out by analog BPF The obtained analog intermediate frequency signal is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the ADC in all analog RF signal converters uses the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by ADC is n (l) indicates that Where l is an integer representing a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals. Without loss of generality, one channel is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s(l) = -2sin(2πf i T s l) indicates; n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n (l) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the first FIR LPF The output signal is obtained by B n (l) indicates that I n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the second FIR LPF The output signal obtained is expressed as D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but in is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink, The amplitude signal yes The amplitude signal R n (t) is the sampling signal, The phase signal yes The phase signal The sampling signal.

[0092] If the digital phased array uses a baseband sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 4The signal processing method for each downlink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents a continuous time independent variable, without loss of generality, cos(2πf0t) is used to represent the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is Where R n (t) is The amplitude signal, for phase signal; in all analog RF signal converters, the same first analog sine wave generator is used, without loss of generality, the analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used Indicates that The high-frequency signal is filtered out by analog BPF The obtained analog intermediate frequency signal is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the same second analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, without loss of generality, one of which is O c (t) = 2cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -2sin(2πf i t) indicates; With O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier is A n (t) represents, then A n (t) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the first analog LPF The analog baseband signal obtained is expressed as B n (t) represents, then With O s (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second analog multiplier is C n (t) represents, then C n(t) The high-frequency signal is filtered out by the second analog LPF The analog baseband signal obtained is D n (t) represents, then In all analog RF signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; B n (t) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first ADC is used Indicates that D n (t) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second ADC is used Indicates that and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains

[0093] but in is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink, The amplitude signal Rn(Tsk)=Rn(t)t= Ts k is The sampling signal of the amplitude signal Rn(t), The phase signal yes The phase signal The sampling signal.

[0094] A method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals, the method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals is based on a digital phased array as hardware, the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional planar array or a two-dimensional conformal array, and the antenna array of the digital phased array is a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional conformal array. Figure 1 The multi-channel space-divided complex digital baseband signals transmitted in different directions use the multi-channel parallel digital beamforming (DBF) transmission signal processing algorithm to calculate the complex digital baseband transmission signal of each uplink. After the uplink signal processing, each complex digital baseband transmission signal is radiated into space by the corresponding antenna unit to form multiple transmission directional patterns in the far field, and the multi-channel space-divided complex digital baseband signals are transmitted in parallel in different directions. The details are as follows:

[0095] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, refer to Figure 8 , the multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of one-dimensional linear array is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Where n represents the antenna element of the one-dimensional linear array and the uplink sequence number, represents the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink of the one-dimensional linear array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, k is an integer representing the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, the value of I is at least 1, N represents the number of antenna units in the one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna units in the one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern. Common window functions include rectangular window function, Taylor window function, Chebyshev window function, Hamming window function, etc., f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog RF signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential symbol, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth uplink of the one-dimensional linear array, Δψ n and Δa n The value is obtained during the uplink calibration of the digital phased array; (Note: All digital phased arrays must be calibrated and measured for the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of each uplink before leaving the factory)

[0098] The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space by the nth antenna element through the nth uplink of the one-dimensional linear array;

[0099] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where n represents the antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the uplink number, represents the complex digital baseband transmit signal of the nth uplink of the one-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern and the normal of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, the value of I is at least 1, N represents the number of antenna elements of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the virtual one-dimensional linear array, Δd niRepresents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction, W i (n) represents the window function of the virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, Δψ n and Δa n Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth uplink of the one-dimensional conformal array, Δψ n and Δa n The value of is obtained during the uplink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0102] The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna element via the nth uplink of the one-dimensional conformal array;

[0103] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, refer to Fig. 9 , the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective, and is composed of N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] in represents the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, θ i and φ i They represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array, respectively. I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel. The value of I is at least 1. x represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the horizontal one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the i-th horizontal one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the transmission pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn They represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array, Δψ mn and Δa mn The value of is obtained during the uplink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0106] The uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array radiates the analog radio frequency signal into space from the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column;

[0107] If the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] in represents the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, θ i and φ i They represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern relative to the virtual two-dimensional plane array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, and the value of I is at least 1. x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the longitudinal virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a horizontal virtual one-dimensional linear array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are at an elevation angle of θ. i , azimuth is φ i Distance difference in direction, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the ith virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the transmission pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn They represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array, Δψ mn and Δa mn The value of is obtained during the uplink calibration of the digital phased array;

[0110] The uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array radiates the analog radio frequency signal into space through the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column.

[0111] If the digital phased array uses a radio frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 5 , the signal processing method for each uplink of the RF sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) indicates The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog RF signal; B n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that Where l is an integer representing a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals. Without loss of generality, one channel is O c (l) = cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is Os (l) = -sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital RF signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that R n (l) The analog RF signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that is the analog RF signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter, The amplitude signal is The amplitude signal A n (k) The corresponding analog signal The phase signal is The phase signal The corresponding analog signal The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0112] If the digital phased array uses an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 6 The signal processing method for each uplink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink is Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) means The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals. Without loss of generality, one channel is O c (l) = cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -sin(2πf i T s l) represents, where f i represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal, l is an integer representing a discrete time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; B n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that I n (l) The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that The same analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. Without loss of generality, the analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used Indicates that The low-frequency signal is filtered out by analog BPF The obtained analog RF signal is used Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog RF signal, is the analog RF signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter, The amplitude signal is The amplitude signal A n (k) The corresponding analog signal The phase signal is The phase signal The corresponding analog signal The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0113] If the digital phased array uses a baseband sampling digital phased array, refer to Figure 7 The signal processing method for each uplink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink is Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) means The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents a continuous time independent variable; the same first analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, without loss of generality, one of which is O c (t) = cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -sin(2πf i t) represents, where f irepresents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; B n (t) and O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier and C n (t) and O s (t) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second analog multiplier is used to obtain the analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the analog adder. Indicates that The same second analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. Without loss of generality, the analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to generate the analog sine wave. Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used Indicates that The low-frequency signal is filtered out by analog BPF The obtained analog RF signal is used Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, is the analog RF signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter, The amplitude signal is The amplitude signal A n (k) The corresponding analog signal The phase signal is The phase signal The corresponding analog signal The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

[0114] The above embodiments specifically illustrate the contents of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the concept of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A digital phased array, characterized in that: The digital phased array adopts a radio frequency sampling digital phased array or an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array or a baseband sampling digital phased array. Each antenna unit of the digital phased array is respectively connected to a downlink and an uplink through a duplexer. Each downlink includes a limiter, an LNA, and an analog radio frequency signal converter connected in sequence. The input end of the limiter is connected to the output end of the duplexer. Each uplink includes a complex digital baseband transmission signal converter and a power amplifier connected in sequence. The output end of the power amplifier is connected to the input end of the duplexer. When the digital phased array adopts the RF sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes an ADC, a digital sinusoidal signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first FIR LPF, a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The input end of the ADC is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the first FIR LPF, the first extractor, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence, and the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the second FIR LPF, the second extractor, another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs the complex digital baseband receiving signal; each complex digital baseband transmitting signal converter of the RF sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sine signal generator, a digital adder, and a third DAC. The same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmitting signal converters, and the real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected to the first DAC, the first AD C. a first digital multiplier, the imaginary signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC, the second ADC, and the second digital multiplier in sequence, the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier, the output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to an input end of the digital adder, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the other input end of the digital adder, the output end of the digital adder is connected to the third DAC, and the output end of the third DAC outputs an analog radio frequency signal; When the digital phased array adopts an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, an analog BPF, an ADC, a digital sine signal generator, a first digital multiplier, a first FIR LPF, a first extractor, a second digital multiplier, a second FIR LPF, a second extractor, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the output end of the analog sine wave generator. The output end of the analog multiplier is connected to the analog BPF and the ADC in sequence. The output end of the ADC is connected to an input end of the first digital multiplier and an input end of the second digital multiplier. The digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier. The output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to the first FIR LPF, the first extractor, and one input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected in sequence to the second FIR LPF, the second extractor, and another input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer, and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer outputs the complex digital baseband reception signal; Each complex digital baseband transmission signal converter of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first ADC, a first digital multiplier, a second DAC, a second ADC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sine signal generator, a digital adder, a third DAC, an analog multiplier, an analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same analog sine wave generator and the same digital sine signal generator are used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the first DAC, the first ADC, and the first digital multiplier in sequence, and the imaginary part signal of the complex digital baseband transmission signal is connected to the second DAC, the second A DC, a second digital multiplier, a digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first digital multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second digital multiplier, the output end of the first digital multiplier is connected to an input end of the digital adder, the output end of the second digital multiplier is connected to the other input end of the digital adder, the output end of the digital adder is connected to the third DAC, the output end of the third DAC is connected to the analog multiplier and the analog BPF in sequence, the output end of the analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input end of the analog multiplier, and the output end of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal; When the digital phased array adopts a baseband sampling digital phased array, each analog RF signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a third analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog BPF, a second analog sine wave generator, a first analog multiplier, a first analog LPF, a first ADC, a second analog multiplier, a second analog LPF, a second ADC, and a complex digital baseband signal synthesizer. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all analog RF signal converters. One input end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the analog RF signal output by the LNA, and the other input end is connected to the first analog sine wave generator. The output end of the third analog multiplier is connected to the input end of the analog BPF, the output end of the analog BPF is connected to an input end of the first analog multiplier and an input end of the second analog multiplier, the second analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal sine waves, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier, the output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to the first analog LPF, the first ADC, and an input end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence, and the output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the second analog LPF, the second ADC, the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer in sequence. Another input end of the synthesizer and the output end of the complex digital baseband signal synthesizer output the complex digital baseband receiving signal; each complex digital baseband transmitting signal converter of the baseband sampling digital phased array includes a first DAC, a first analog multiplier, a second DAC, a second analog multiplier, a first analog sine wave generator, an analog adder, a third analog multiplier, a second analog sine wave generator, and an analog BPF. The same first analog sine wave generator and the same second analog sine wave generator are used in all the complex digital baseband transmitting signal converters. The real part signal of the complex digital baseband transmitting signal is connected to the first DAC and the first analog multiplier in sequence. The complex digital baseband transmitting signal The imaginary signal of the signal is connected to the second DAC and the second analog multiplier in sequence. The first analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is connected to the other input end of the first analog multiplier, and the other is connected to the other input end of the second analog multiplier. The output end of the first analog multiplier is connected to an input end of the analog adder, and the output end of the second analog multiplier is connected to the other input end of the analog adder. The output end of the analog adder is connected to the third analog multiplier and the analog BPF in sequence. The output end of the second analog sine wave generator is connected to the other input end of the third analog multiplier, and the output end of the analog BPF outputs an analog RF signal.

2. A method for parallel reception of multi-channel space division signals, characterized in that: The multi-channel space division signal parallel receiving method is based on the digital phased array described in claim 1 as the hardware basis, the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional planar array or a two-dimensional conformal array, the analog RF signal output by the LNA in each downlink of the digital phased array is converted into a complex digital baseband receiving signal by an analog RF signal converter, and the complex digital baseband receiving signal output by each downlink is calculated in parallel by a multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm to obtain multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signals from different directions, which are specifically as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, the multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional linear array is as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows: in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array, n represents the antenna unit and downlink sequence number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, k represents the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, N represents the number of antenna elements of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential sign, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth downlink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, Δd ni Represents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction; Using equation (1) or equation (2) to parallelly calculate the i ,i=1,2,…I multi-channel space division complex digital baseband signal When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective, and is composed of N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF receiving signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows: in is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal received by the i-th receiving pattern of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, θ i and φ i Respectively represent the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the i-th receiving pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array or the virtual two-dimensional plane array, d x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in a longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a horizontal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the horizontal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th receiving pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the downlink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are in (θ i ,φ i ) direction; Use equation (3) or equation (4) to calculate in parallel the Multi-channel space division multiplexing digital baseband signal 3. The method for parallel reception of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The digital phased array uses a radio frequency sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method for each downlink of the radio frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The ADC uses the same sampling time interval T in all analog RF signal converters. s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog radio frequency signal; The digital RF signal obtained by ADC is S n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals, one of which is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -2sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; S n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal in the first FIR LPF is n (l) indicates that S n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second FIR LPF is D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

4. The method for parallel reception of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The digital phased array adopts an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method of each downlink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The same analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used express, The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by filtering out the high frequency signal through the analog BPF is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the ADC in all analog RF signal converters uses the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by ADC is n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sinusoidal signal generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the digital sinusoidal signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sinusoidal signals and one channel is O c (l) = 2cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -2sin(2πf i T s l) indicates; n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier is A n (l) indicates that A n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal in the first FIR LPF is n (l) indicates that I n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second digital multiplier is C n (l) indicates that C n (l) The output signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second FIR LPF is D n (l) indicates that In all analog RF signal converters, the first decimator and the second decimator use the same decimation interval; B n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first extractor is used Indicates that D n (l) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second extractor is used Indicates that Where S is an integer representing the sampling interval of the extractor, and the value of S must satisfy The integer part of f b represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

5. The method for parallel reception of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The digital phased array uses a baseband sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method for each downlink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the downlink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and represents the analog RF signal output by the LNA in the nth downlink, t represents the continuous time independent variable, cos(2πf0t) represents the carrier of the analog RF signal, and express The transmitted analog baseband modulated signal is The same first analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to generate a Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used express, The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by filtering out the high frequency signal through the analog BPF is used Indicates that where f i =f0-f1 represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; the same second analog sine wave generator is used in all analog RF signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, one of which is O c (t) = 2cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -2sin(2πf i t) indicates; With O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier is A n (t) indicates that A n (t) The analog baseband signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal in the first analog LPF is n (t) represents, then With O s (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the second analog multiplier is C n (t) indicates that C n (t) The analog baseband signal obtained by filtering out the high-frequency signal through the second analog LPF is D n (t) represents, then In all analog RF signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog baseband modulation signal; B n (t) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the first ADC is used Indicates that D n (t) The real digital baseband signal obtained by the second ADC is used Indicates that and The complex digital baseband signal synthesizer obtains but It is the complex digital baseband received signal output by the nth downlink.

6. A method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals, characterized in that: The method for transmitting multiple spatially divided signals in parallel is based on the digital phased array described in claim 1 as hardware. The antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array or a two-dimensional planar array or a two-dimensional conformal array. The multiple spatially divided complex digital baseband signals transmitted in different directions are calculated using a multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm to obtain a complex digital baseband transmission signal for each uplink. Each complex digital baseband transmission signal is processed by the uplink signal and radiates an analog radio frequency signal to space from the corresponding antenna unit, forming multiple transmission directional patterns in the far field, and transmitting multiple spatially divided complex digital baseband signals in parallel in different directions. The details are as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional linear array, the multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional linear array is as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a one-dimensional conformal array, a virtual one-dimensional linear array is constructed based on the one-dimensional conformal array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the one-dimensional conformal array is as follows: Where n represents the antenna element and uplink number of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, represents the complex digital baseband transmit signal of the nth uplink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, k represents the discrete time independent variable, θ i represents the angle between the main lobe pointing of the ith transmission pattern and the normal of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, N represents the number of antenna units of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, d represents the spacing between adjacent antenna units of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array, and W i (n) represents the window function of the one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, f0 represents the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, c represents the speed of light, e represents the natural exponential sign, j represents the imaginary unit, Δψ n and Δa n Represents the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the nth uplink of a one-dimensional linear array or a one-dimensional conformal array, Δd ni Represents the nth antenna element of the one-dimensional conformal array and the nth antenna element of the virtual one-dimensional linear array at θ i Distance difference in direction; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space by the nth antenna element through the nth uplink of the one-dimensional linear array or the one-dimensional conformal array; When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional planar array, the two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective, and is composed of N columns of one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional planar array is as follows: When the antenna array of the digital phased array adopts a two-dimensional conformal array, a virtual two-dimensional planar array is constructed based on the two-dimensional conformal array. The virtual two-dimensional planar array is composed of M rows of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a horizontal perspective and N columns of virtual one-dimensional linear arrays from a vertical perspective. m represents the row number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array, and n represents the column number of the two-dimensional conformal array and the virtual two-dimensional planar array. The multi-channel parallel DBF transmission signal processing algorithm of the two-dimensional conformal array is as follows: in represents the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, is the i-th spatially divided complex digital baseband signal corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, θ i and φ i represents the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the main lobe of the ith transmission pattern relative to the two-dimensional plane array or the virtual two-dimensional plane array, I represents the number of multiple transmission patterns formed in parallel, and d x Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, d y Represents the spacing between adjacent antenna elements of a horizontal one-dimensional linear array or a virtual one-dimensional linear array, W i x (m) represents the window function of the longitudinal one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the i-th transmission pattern, W i y (n) represents the window function of the i-th lateral one-dimensional linear array or virtual one-dimensional linear array corresponding to the transmission pattern, Δψ mn and Δa mn Respectively represent the phase deviation value and amplitude deviation percentage of the uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array, Δd mni The antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional conformal array and the antenna element in the mth row and nth column of the virtual two-dimensional planar array are at an elevation angle of θ. i , azimuth is φ i Distance difference in direction; The uplink corresponding to the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column of the two-dimensional planar array or the two-dimensional conformal array radiates the analog radio frequency signal into space from the antenna unit in the mth row and nth column.

7. The method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The digital phased array uses a radio frequency sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method for each uplink of the radio frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink is Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) indicates The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog RF signal; B n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital RF signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that Where l represents a discrete time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is O c (l) = cos(2πf0T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -sin(2πf0T s l) indicates; D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital RF signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that R n (l) The analog RF signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

8. The method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The digital phased array uses an intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method for each uplink of the intermediate frequency sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink is Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) indicates The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents the continuous time independent variable; the same digital sine signal generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the digital sine signal generator generates two mutually orthogonal digital sine signals, one of which is O c (l) = cos(2πf i T s l) indicates that the other way is O s (l) = -sin(2πf i T s l) represents, where f i represents the carrier frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal, l represents the discrete time independent variable; in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, the first ADC and the second ADC use the same sampling time interval T s , T s The value of must satisfy where f m represents the highest cutoff frequency of the analog intermediate frequency signal; B n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the first ADC is used as D n (l) indicates that C n (t) The digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the second ADC is E n (l) indicates that D n (l) and O c (1) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first digital multiplier and E n (l) and O s (1) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second digital multiplier is added to the digital intermediate frequency signal obtained by the digital adder. n (l) indicates that I n (l) The analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the third DAC is used Indicates that The same analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the analog multiplier is used express, The analog RF signal is obtained by filtering out the low-frequency signal through the analog BPF. Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog RF signal, The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

9. The method for parallel transmission of multi-channel space division signals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The digital phased array uses a baseband sampling digital phased array. The signal processing method for each uplink of the baseband sampling digital phased array is as follows: n represents the uplink and antenna unit number of the one-dimensional linear array or one-dimensional conformal array or two-dimensional planar array or two-dimensional conformal array, and the complex digital baseband transmission signal of the nth uplink is Calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) or formula (7) or formula (8), use A n (k) indicates The amplitude signal is express The phase signal is express The real part of the signal is express The imaginary signal of The analog baseband signal obtained by the first DAC is expressed as n (t) represents, then The analog baseband signal obtained by the second DAC is C n (t) represents, then in Representative A n (k) The corresponding analog signal, represent The corresponding analog signal, t represents a continuous time independent variable; the same first analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters, and the analog sine wave generator generates two mutually orthogonal analog sine waves, one of which is O c (t) = cos(2πf i t) indicates that the other way is represented by O s (t) = -sin(2πf i t) represents, where f i represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; B n (t) and O c (t) The output signal obtained after multiplication by the first analog multiplier and C n (t) and O s (t) The output signal obtained by multiplying by the second analog multiplier is used to obtain the analog intermediate frequency signal obtained by the analog adder. Indicates that The same second analog sine wave generator is used in all complex digital baseband transmission signal converters. The analog sine wave generated by the analog sine wave generator is used to Represents, wherein f1 represents the frequency of the simulated sine wave; and The output signal obtained after multiplication by the third analog multiplier is used express, The analog RF signal is obtained by filtering out the low-frequency signal through the analog BPF. Indicates that Where f0=f1+f i is the carrier frequency of the analog radio frequency signal, The analog radio frequency signal output by the nth complex digital baseband transmission signal converter; The analog radio frequency signal is radiated into space from the nth antenna unit via the power amplifier and the duplexer.

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