Solar cell and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The solar cell comprises a cell piece and a first electrode structure, the first electrode structure is arranged on a laser doping pattern of the cell piece, and the first electrode structure comprises first grid lines which extend along a first direction and are arranged at intervals along a second direction, second grid lines which extend along the second direction and are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and anti-breaking grid lines, the two ends of each anti-breaking grid line are connected with the two adjacent second grid lines in the first direction respectively, the battery piece is provided with a first anti-breaking grid region and second anti-breaking grid regions symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the first anti-breaking grid region, and the anti-breaking grid lines in the two second anti-breaking grid regions located at the symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed relative to the first anti-breaking grid region. And two adjacent anti-breaking gate lines in the second anti-breaking gate region along the first direction are arranged at intervals along the second direction. The solar cell can effectively improve the contact performance and improve the cell efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell and a method for preparing the same. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of solar cells, laser doping (Selective emitter, SE) technology is used. Based on the phosphorus silicon / borosilicate glass layer produced by the previous diffusion process, the selective heating characteristics of the laser are used to perform high-concentration doping at the contact point between the electrode grid line and the silicon wafer to form a heavily doped area. During the printing process, the heavily doped area and the electrode grid line can form an ohmic contact with low contact resistance. The area without laser doping has a large contact resistance with the printed electrode, but the surface recombination is small.

[0003] The electrode structure of solar cells is mainly composed of main grid lines and fine grid lines. At present, the graphics designed in the laser doping process of the production line are mostly laser doped in the areas where the main grid lines and fine grid lines exist. Some areas of the battery have problems such as large contact resistance and high recombination rate, which affect the improvement of battery efficiency, easily affect current transmission, and have low battery reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a solar cell and a method for preparing the same, which can effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of the cell by laser doping the electrode structure on the pattern.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, comprising:

[0006] A battery cell and a first electrode structure, wherein the first electrode structure is arranged on a laser-doped pattern of the battery cell, the first electrode structure comprises first grid lines extending along a first direction and arranged at intervals along a second direction, second grid lines extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-breaking grid line, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and two ends of the anti-breaking grid line are respectively connected to two adjacent second grid lines along the first direction;

[0007] An anti-break grid area is defined between every two first grid lines adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the battery cell has a first anti-break grid area and second anti-break grid areas symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area;

[0008] The anti-breakage wires in two symmetrically located second anti-breakage grid areas are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breakage grid area, and two adjacent anti-breakage wires in the second anti-breakage grid area along the first direction are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0009] According to the solar cell of the present application, by setting a first electrode structure on the laser doping pattern, the anti-breaking grid lines of the second anti-breaking grid area are staggered, and the anti-breaking grid lines in the two second anti-breaking grid areas located at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breaking grid area, which can effectively improve the contact performance of the solar cell, improve the battery efficiency, ensure the effectiveness of current transmission, and improve the battery reliability.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, at least two anti-breakage gate lines are provided between two second gate lines adjacent to each other along the first direction in the first anti-breakage gate area.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, an angle between the anti-breakage gate line and the second gate line in the first anti-breakage gate area is a first angle, and the first angle is 90 degrees.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, an angle between the anti-break gate line and the second gate line in the second anti-break gate area is a second angle, and the second angle is 10 degrees to 170 degrees.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, the sum of the second angles corresponding to the two anti-break grid lines located at symmetrical positions is equal to 180 degrees.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the anti-break grid lines are arranged in columns along the first direction, and the anti-break grid lines in different columns are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present application, at least two rows of the anti-break grid lines are provided in the second anti-break grid area.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, at least two rows of the anti-break grid lines are provided in the first anti-break grid area.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first electrode structure further includes a harpoon gate line, the harpoon gate line extends from both ends of the first gate line and is located at the edge of the battery cell, and the harpoon gate line is connected to the second gate line.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, it also includes:

[0019] The second electrode structure is arranged on the battery cell, and the second electrode structure includes at least one of an electrode block and a connecting gradient line. The electrode block is arranged on the first gate line, and the connecting gradient line is arranged at the intersection of the first gate line and the second gate line.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a solar cell, the method comprising:

[0021] According to the laser doping pattern, the surface of the cell is laser doped;

[0022] A first electrode structure is prepared on the laser doped pattern of the cell, wherein the first electrode structure includes first gate lines extending along a first direction and arranged at intervals along a second direction, second gate lines extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-breaking gate line, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and two ends of the anti-breaking gate line are respectively connected to two adjacent second gate lines along the first direction;

[0023] An anti-break grid area is defined between every two first grid lines adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the battery cell has a first anti-break grid area and second anti-break grid areas symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area;

[0024] The anti-breakage wires in two symmetrically located second anti-breakage grid areas are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breakage grid area, and two adjacent anti-breakage wires in the second anti-breakage grid area along the first direction are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0025] According to the preparation method of the solar cell of the present application, by setting a first electrode structure on the laser doping pattern, the anti-breaking grid lines of the second anti-breaking grid area are staggered, and the anti-breaking grid lines in the two second anti-breaking grid areas located at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breaking grid area, which can effectively improve the contact performance of the solar cell, improve the battery efficiency, ensure the effectiveness of current transmission, and improve the battery reliability.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser doping pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point F in the middle;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first printing screen provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the G in the middle;

[0039] Fig.12 yes Fig.10 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the H in the middle;

[0040] Fig.13 yes Fig.10 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point I in the middle;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second printing screen provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] The first gate line 110, the second gate line 120, the anti-break gate line 130, the harpoon gate line 140, the electrode block 210, the connecting gradient line 220, the battery cell 300, the first anti-break gate area 310, the second anti-break gate area 320,

[0044] Laser doping pattern 400, first gate line laser doping pattern 410, second gate line laser doping pattern 420, anti-break gate line laser doping pattern 430, harpoon gate line laser doping pattern 440,

[0045] A first printing screen 501 , a second printing screen 502 , a first grid line printing pattern 510 , a second grid line printing pattern 520 , an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 , a harpoon grid line printing pattern 540 , an electrode block printing pattern 550 , and a connecting gradient line printing pattern 560 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0047] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 14 A solar cell and a method for manufacturing the solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application are described.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the solar cell according to the embodiment of the present application includes a solar cell 300 and a first electrode structure.

[0049] The cell 300 can absorb light energy to generate photogenerated carriers, and the first electrode structure can collect the photogenerated carriers to form current and transmit the current.

[0050] It should be noted that the solar cell of the embodiment of the present application may be a cell having a power generation substrate and a metallized electrode structure, such as a Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC), a Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contact Solar Cell (TOPCon), or the like.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first electrode structure of the solar cell is disposed on the laser doping pattern 400 of the cell 300 . The laser doping pattern 400 is an electrode structure pattern used for laser doping process. The pattern of the first electrode structure corresponds to the laser doping pattern 400 .

[0052] It can be understood that the first electrode structure is arranged on the laser doping pattern 400 of the battery cell 300, and the position where the first electrode structure contacts the battery cell 300 is a position processed by the laser doping process. The first electrode structure and the battery cell 300 can form an ohmic contact to reduce contact resistance and improve battery efficiency.

[0053] The first electrode structure includes a first gate line 110 extending along the first direction and arranged at intervals along the second direction, a second gate line 120 extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-break gate line 130. The first direction and the second direction intersect, and both ends of the anti-break gate line 130 are respectively connected to two second gate lines 120 adjacent to each other along the first direction.

[0054] It should be noted that the first grid line 110 can be the main grid of the solar cell, and the second grid line 120 can be the fine grid of the solar cell. A plurality of first grid lines 110 and a plurality of second grid lines 120 are arranged on the solar cell 300. The first grid lines 110 extend along the first direction, and the second grid lines 120 extend along the second direction. The first grid lines 110 and the second grid lines 120 have an intersection position, and the first grid lines 110 can collect the current formed on the second grid lines 120.

[0055] In this embodiment, a plurality of anti-break grid lines 130 are arranged on the battery cell 300, and the two ends of the anti-break grid line 130 are respectively connected to two second grid lines 120 adjacent to each other along the first direction. The anti-break grid line 130 can prevent the first electrode structure from being broken, thereby ensuring the current collection and extraction on the second grid line 120.

[0056] In actual implementation, the first direction may be the up-down direction or the left-right direction of the plane where the battery cell 300 is located, and the second direction may be the left-right direction or the up-down direction of the plane where the battery cell 300 is located.

[0057] In this embodiment, an anti-break grid region is defined between every two first grid lines 110 adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the battery cell 300 has a first anti-break grid region 310 and second anti-break grid regions 320 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid region 310 .

[0058] It should be noted that an anti-break grid line 130 is arranged in the anti-break grid area.

[0059] For example, the first direction d1 is the up-down direction, and the second direction d2 is the left-right direction.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, there are a total of 6 first grid lines 110 on the battery cell 300 , and an anti-break grid area is defined between every two first grid lines 110 adjacent to each other on the left and right. A total of 5 anti-break grid areas are defined on the battery cell 300 .

[0061] The five anti-break grid areas are divided into a first anti-break grid area 310 and four second anti-break grid areas 320 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area 310 , with two second anti-break grid areas 320 located on the left side of the first anti-break grid area 310 and two second anti-break grid areas 320 located on the right side of the first anti-break grid area 310 .

[0062] It should be noted that the first anti-break grid area 310 belongs to the middle area on the battery cell 300, the second anti-break grid area 320 belongs to the edge area on the battery cell 300, and the second anti-break grid area 320 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area 310. The distribution of the anti-break grid line 130 in the first anti-break grid area 310 may be different from the distribution of the anti-break grid line 130 in the second anti-break grid area 320.

[0063] In this embodiment, the anti-break wires 130 in the two second anti-break regions 320 at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break region 310 , and the two anti-break wires 130 adjacent to each other along the first direction in the second anti-break region 320 are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, an anti-break grid line 130 is arranged between every two second grid lines 120 adjacent along the first direction in the second anti-break grid area 320, and the two anti-break grid lines 130 adjacent along the first direction are arranged at intervals along the second direction, that is, the anti-break grid lines 130 in the second anti-break grid area 320 are staggered.

[0065] In this embodiment, the anti-break grid lines 130 of the second anti-break grid area 320 are arranged in an staggered manner, and the distribution range of the anti-break grid lines 130 in the second anti-break grid area 320 is wider and the distribution density is more uniform, so that the contact performance between the first electrode structure and the battery cell 300 in the second anti-break grid area 320 is greatly improved.

[0066] For the two second anti-break gate areas 320 located at symmetrical positions on the battery cell 300, the anti-break gate lines 130 in the two second anti-break gate areas 320 are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break gate area 310, the overall stress of the first electrode structure is uniform, and the first electrode structure is arranged on the laser-doped pattern 400, which can effectively prevent the first electrode structure from being printed with broken gates and improve the contact performance of the first electrode structure.

[0067] For example, the first direction d1 is the up-down direction, and the second direction d2 is the left-right direction.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, an anti-break grid area is defined between every two adjacent first grid lines 110 on the left and right, and a total of five anti-break grid areas are defined on the battery cell 300. One first anti-break grid area 310 is located in the middle of the battery cell 300, and there are two second anti-break grid areas 320 located on the left side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and two second anti-break grid areas 320 are located on the right side of the first anti-break grid area 310.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the second anti-break grid area 320 is located on the left side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and there is an anti-break grid line 130 (located on the left side) between the first second gate line 120 and the second second gate line 120 from top to bottom in the second anti-break grid area 320, and there is an anti-break grid line 130 (located on the right side) between the second second gate line 120 and the third second gate line 120, and these two anti-break grid lines 130 are adjacent along the first direction and arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0070] like Figure 3As shown, two anti-break lines 130 are provided between two second lines 120 in the first anti-break area 310 , and the anti-break lines 130 are not staggered. The distribution of the anti-break lines 130 in the first anti-break area 310 is different from that in the second anti-break area 320 .

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the second anti-break grid area 320 is located on the right side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and there is an anti-break grid line 130 (located on the right side) between the first second gate line 120 and the second second gate line 120 from top to bottom in the second anti-break grid area 320, and there is an anti-break grid line 130 (located on the left side) between the second second gate line 120 and the third second gate line 120, and these two anti-break grid lines 130 are adjacent along the first direction and arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0072] In this embodiment, the anti-break grid lines 130 in the second anti-break grid area 320 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the anti-break grid lines 130 in the two second anti-break grid areas 320 located at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break grid area 310. The anti-break grid lines 130 on both sides of the battery cell 300 are symmetrically distributed, and the distribution range of the anti-break grid lines 130 is wide, which can effectively improve the battery contact performance.

[0073] It can be understood that in the preparation process, laser doping is first performed through the laser doping pattern 400, and then the electrode is printed on the laser-doped battery cell 300. The laser doping pattern 400 and the pattern of the first electrode structure correspond to each other, and the graphic file including the laser doping pattern 400 is used to guide the laser equipment to perform laser doping on the battery cell 300.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, the laser-doped pattern 400 corresponds to the pattern of the first electrode structure, and the laser-doped pattern 400 includes a first gate line laser-doped pattern 410, a second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 and an anti-breaking gate line laser-doped pattern 430. The first gate line laser-doped pattern 410 corresponds to the first gate line 110 of the first electrode structure, the second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 corresponds to the second gate line 120 of the first electrode structure, and the anti-breaking gate line laser-doped pattern 430 corresponds to the anti-breaking gate line 130 of the first electrode structure.

[0075] like Figure 6As shown, the laser-doped pattern 400 corresponding to the second anti-break gate area 320 located on the left side of the first anti-break gate area 310 has an anti-break gate line laser-doped pattern 430 (located on the left side) between the first second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 and the second second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 from top to bottom, and an anti-break gate line 130 (located on the right side) between the second second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 and the third second gate line laser-doped pattern 420. These two anti-break gate line laser-doped patterns 430 are adjacent along the first direction and spaced apart along the second direction.

[0076] like Figure 7 As shown, corresponding to the laser doping pattern 400 of the first anti-break gate region 310, two anti-break gate line laser doping patterns 430 are arranged between every two second gate line laser doping patterns 420, and the anti-break gate line laser doping patterns 430 are not staggered.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, the laser-doped pattern 400 corresponding to the second anti-break gate area 320 located on the right side of the first anti-break gate area 310 has an anti-break gate line laser-doped pattern 430 (located on the right side) between the first second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 and the second second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 from top to bottom, and an anti-break gate line laser-doped pattern 430 (located on the left side) between the second second gate line laser-doped pattern 420 and the third second gate line laser-doped pattern 420. These two anti-break gate line laser-doped patterns 430 are adjacent along the first direction and spaced apart along the second direction.

[0078] In the related technology, the patterns designed by the laser doping process are mostly laser doped in the areas where the main grid lines and fine grid lines exist. Some areas of the battery have problems such as large contact resistance and high recombination rate, which affect the improvement of battery efficiency, easily affect current transmission, and low battery reliability.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the first electrode structure arranged on the laser-doped pattern 400 of the battery cell 300 includes not only the first gate line 110 and the second gate line 120, but also the anti-break gate line 130. The anti-break gate lines 130 of the second anti-break gate area 320 are arranged in an staggered manner, and the anti-break gate lines 130 in the two second anti-break gate areas 320 located at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break gate area 310. The distribution range of the anti-break gate lines 130 is wider and the distribution density is more uniform, which can improve the contact performance of the solar cell in the global range, improve the battery efficiency, ensure the effectiveness of current transmission, and improve the battery reliability.

[0080] Moreover, the second anti-break gate area 320 belongs to the area close to the edge of the battery cell 300. When the electrode structure is printed, the printing quality may be poor and the inverted broken gate may occur. An anti-break gate line 130 is arranged between every two second gate lines 120 in the second anti-break gate area 320. The anti-break gate lines 130 are staggered and distributed comprehensively and evenly, which can effectively reduce the current loss caused by the broken gate.

[0081] According to the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a first electrode structure on the laser-doped pattern 400, the anti-break grid lines 130 of the second anti-break grid area 320 are staggered, and the anti-break grid lines 130 in the two second anti-break grid areas 320 located in symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break grid area 310, which can effectively improve the contact performance of the solar cell, improve the battery efficiency, ensure the effectiveness of current transmission, and improve the battery reliability.

[0082] In some embodiments, at least two anti-break gate lines 130 are disposed between two second gate lines 120 adjacent to each other along the first direction in the first anti-break gate region 310 .

[0083] In this embodiment, for the anti-break gate line 130 in the first anti-break gate area 310, two or more anti-break gate lines 130 are set between two adjacent second gate lines 120, which can reduce the poor transmission caused by printing virtuality, and can also effectively improve the electrode structure strength in the first anti-break gate area 310, ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection of each gate line in the two second anti-break gate areas 320 located at symmetrical positions on both sides thereof.

[0084] In actual implementation, in the first anti-break gate area 310, at least two anti-break gate lines 130 arranged between two adjacent second gate lines 120 are arranged in a row along the second direction, and two rows of anti-break gate lines 130 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Under the premise of ensuring the reliability of the electrode structure, the amount of printing paste used is reduced and the battery cost is reduced.

[0085] For example, Figure 3 As shown, in the first anti-break gate area 310, two anti-break gate lines 130 are arranged in a row between the first second gate line 120 and the second second gate line 120 from top to bottom, and two anti-break gate lines 130 are arranged in a row between the third second gate line 120 and the fourth second gate line 120, and so on.

[0086] In some embodiments, the angle between the anti-break gate line 130 and the second gate line 120 in the first anti-break gate region 310 is a first angle, and the first angle is 90 degrees.

[0087] In this embodiment, in the first anti-break gate area 310, the angle between the anti-break gate line 130 and the second gate line 120 is a first angle θ1, and θ1 can be set to 90 degrees. The two second gate lines 120 are connected with the shortest anti-break gate line 130, which can transmit current and prevent breakage while reducing the amount of printing paste.

[0088] It can be understood that the first anti-break grid area 310 is located in the middle of the battery cell 300. Setting an anti-break grid line 130 with θ1 of 90 degrees in the first anti-break grid area 310 is beneficial to ensure uniform stress of the electrode structure and prevent breakage.

[0089] In some embodiments, the angle between the anti-break gate line 130 and the second gate line 120 in the second anti-break gate region 320 is a second angle, and the second angle is 10 degrees to 170 degrees.

[0090] In this embodiment, in the second anti-break grid area 320, the angle between the anti-break grid line 130 and the second grid line 120 is a second angle θ2, and θ2 can be set to 10 degrees to 170 degrees. The distribution range of the anti-break grid line 130 in the second anti-break grid area 320 is wider and the distribution density is more uniform, which effectively improves the contact performance of the solar cell.

[0091] In actual implementation, the angle θ2 between the anti-gate break line 130 and the second gate line 120 may be adjusted according to the actual location where gate breakage is likely to occur, so as to ensure current collection and transmission in the second anti-gate breakage region 320 .

[0092] In some embodiments, the sum of the second angles corresponding to the two anti-break grid lines 130 located at symmetrical positions is equal to 180 degrees.

[0093] In this embodiment, the two anti-break gate lines 130 located at symmetrical positions are respectively in the two second anti-break gate areas 320 located at symmetrical positions, the angle between one anti-break gate line 130 and the second gate line 120 is the second angle θ21, and the angle between the other anti-break gate line 130 and the second gate line 120 is the second angle θ22, θ21+θ22=180 degrees.

[0094] For example, the first direction d1 is the up-down direction, and the second direction d2 is the left-right direction.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, an anti-break grid area is defined between every two adjacent first grid lines 110 on the left and right, and a total of five anti-break grid areas are defined on the battery cell 300. One first anti-break grid area 310 is located in the middle of the battery cell 300, and there are two second anti-break grid areas 320 located on the left side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and two second anti-break grid areas 320 are located on the right side of the first anti-break grid area 310.

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, the second anti-break gate area 320 is located on the left side of the first anti-break gate area 310. There is an anti-break gate line 130 between the first second gate line 120 and the second second gate line 120 from top to bottom in the second anti-break gate area 320. The anti-break gate line 130 and the first second gate line 120 form a second angle θ21 in the clockwise direction.

[0097] like Figure 4 As shown, the second anti-break gate area 320 is located on the right side of the first anti-break gate area 310. There is an anti-break gate line 130 between the first second gate line 120 and the second second gate line 120 from top to bottom in the second anti-break gate area 320. The anti-break gate line 130 and the first second gate line 120 form a second angle θ22 in the counterclockwise direction, θ21+θ22=180 degrees.

[0098] In some embodiments, the anti-break lines 130 are arranged in columns along the first direction, and the anti-break lines 130 in different columns are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0099] In this embodiment, in the first anti-breakage grid area 310 and the second anti-breakage grid area 320 of the battery cell 300, the anti-breakage grid lines 130 are arranged in columns along the first direction, and the anti-breakage grid lines 130 in different columns are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0100] In actual implementation, the anti-break grid lines 130 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the anti-break grid lines 130 located in the same straight line in the first direction are called a column. Through reasonable column spacing and layout, the space utilization rate in the anti-break grid area of ​​the battery cell 300 can be improved, and the current collection effect of the anti-break grid lines 130 can be ensured.

[0101] In some embodiments, at least two rows of anti-break gate lines 130 are disposed in the second anti-break gate region 320 .

[0102] It should be noted that an anti-break grid line 130 is provided between every two adjacent second grid lines 120 in the second anti-break grid area 320. When two columns of anti-break grid lines 130 are provided in the second anti-break grid area 320, two adjacent anti-break grid lines 130 in the same column are separated by the distance between two second grid lines 120. When three columns of anti-break grid lines 130 are provided in the second anti-break grid area 320, two adjacent anti-break grid lines 130 in the same column are separated by the distance between three second grid lines 120, and so on.

[0103] For example, Figure 2 As shown, an anti-break grid line 130 is provided between every two adjacent second grid lines 120 in the second anti-break grid area 320, and two columns of anti-break grid lines 130 are provided in the second anti-break grid area 320. Two adjacent anti-break grid lines 130 in the same column are separated by the distance between the two second grid lines 120, and the anti-break grid lines 130 in different columns in the second anti-break grid area 320 are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0104] In some embodiments, at least two rows of anti-break gate lines 130 are disposed in the first anti-break gate region 310 .

[0105] In actual implementation, two adjacent anti-break gate lines 130 in the same column in the first anti-break gate region 310 may be spaced apart by a fixed distance, which may be irrelevant to the number of columns in the first anti-break gate region 310 .

[0106] For example, Figure 3 As shown, an anti-break gate line 130 is provided between two adjacent second gate lines 120 in the second anti-break gate area 320, and the distance between two adjacent anti-break gate lines 130 along the first direction is the same as the distance between two second gate lines 120, and the distance between two adjacent anti-break gate lines 130 in different columns is the same.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first electrode structure further includes a harpoon gate line 140 , the harpoon gate line 140 is located at an edge of the battery cell 300 , and the harpoon gate line 140 is connected to the second gate line 120 .

[0108] like Figure 2 As shown, the first gate line 110 extends from both ends of the harpoon gate line 140, the harpoon gate line 140 is located at the edge of the battery cell 300, and the harpoon gate line 140 is connected to the second gate line 120 to ensure that the carriers collected by the second gate line 120 at the edge can be collected to the first gate line 110.

[0109] In this embodiment, the location where the fish-fork grid lines 140 are printed is also the location that has been subjected to laser doping treatment, thereby improving the contact performance in the edge area of ​​the solar cell and improving the efficiency and reliability of the cell.

[0110] During the preparation process, laser doping is first performed through the laser doping pattern 400, and then the electrode is printed on the laser-doped battery cell 300. The laser doping pattern 400 corresponds to the pattern of the first electrode structure, and the graphic file including the laser doping pattern 400 is used to guide the laser equipment to perform laser doping on the battery cell 300.

[0111] like Figure 5 As shown, the laser doping pattern 400 corresponds to the pattern of the first electrode structure, and the laser doping pattern 400 includes a harpoon line laser doping pattern 440, which extends from both ends of the first line laser doping pattern 410, and the harpoon line laser doping pattern 440 corresponds to the harpoon line 140 of the first electrode structure.

[0112] In some embodiments, the solar cell may further include a second electrode structure, and the second electrode structure is disposed on the cell 300 .

[0113] The second electrode structure may include at least one of an electrode block 210 and a connecting gradient line 220. The electrode block 210 is arranged on the first grid line 110. The electrode block 210 can be used as a welding position of the solar cell. The connecting gradient line 220 is arranged at the intersection of the first grid line 110 and the second grid line 120. The connecting gradient line 220 can ensure the effectiveness of the electrical connection between the first grid line 110 and the second grid line 120.

[0114] It should be noted that the first electrode structure is arranged on the laser-doped pattern 400 of the battery cell 300. The first electrode structure forms an ohmic contact with the battery cell 300, has a small contact resistance, and a high current collection efficiency. The second electrode structure is mainly used for welding and gate line connection and does not need to be arranged on the laser-doped pattern 400.

[0115] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a solar cell, which can be used to prepare the above-mentioned solar cell.

[0116] like Fig. 9 As shown, the method for preparing the solar cell includes:

[0117] Step 910 , laser doping is performed on the surface of the battery cell 300 according to the laser doping pattern 400 .

[0118] For example, you can follow Figure 5 The laser doping pattern 400 shown is used to perform laser doping on the surface of the cell 300 .

[0119] Step 920 , preparing a first electrode structure on the laser-doped pattern 400 of the battery cell 300 .

[0120] Among them, the first electrode structure includes a first gate line 110 extending along the first direction and arranged at intervals along the second direction, a second gate line 120 extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-break gate line 130. The first direction and the second direction intersect, and the two ends of the anti-break gate line 130 are respectively connected to two second gate lines 120 adjacent to each other along the first direction.

[0121] An anti-break grid region is defined between every two first grid lines 110 adjacent to each other along the second direction. The battery cell 300 has a first anti-break grid region 310 and second anti-break grid regions 320 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid region 310 .

[0122] The anti-break wires 130 in the two second anti-break regions 320 at symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break region 310 , and the two anti-break wires 130 adjacent to each other along the first direction in the second anti-break region 320 are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0123] In actual implementation, the first electrode structure may be prepared on the laser-doped pattern 400 of the battery cell 300 by a printing process.

[0124] like Fig.10 As shown, a first electrode structure and other electrode structures are printed on a battery cell 300 using a first printing screen 501, and the first printing screen 501 includes a first grid line printing pattern 510, a second grid line printing pattern 520, an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530, a harpoon grid line printing pattern 540 and a connecting gradient line printing pattern 560, wherein the connecting gradient line 220 printed by the connecting gradient line printing pattern 560 belongs to the second electrode structure.

[0125] For example, the first direction d1 is the up-down direction, and the second direction d2 is the left-right direction.

[0126] like Fig.10 As shown, the first electrode structure and the connecting gradient line 220 are printed on the battery cell 300 using a first printing screen 501 .

[0127] like Fig.11 As shown, the left area of ​​the first printing screen 501 corresponds to the second anti-break grid area 320 on the left side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and the first grid line printing pattern 510 extends in the up and down directions. There is an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 between the first second grid line printing pattern 520 and the second second grid line printing pattern 520 from top to bottom, and there is an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 between the second second grid line printing pattern 520 and the third second grid line printing pattern 520. These two anti-break grid line printing patterns 530 are adjacent to each other along the first direction and are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0128] like Fig.12 As shown, the middle area of ​​the first printing screen 501 corresponds to the printing of the first anti-break grid area 310, the first grid line printing pattern 510 extends in the up and down direction, there are two anti-break grid line printing patterns 530 between the first second grid line printing pattern 520 and the second second grid line printing pattern 520 from top to bottom, there is one anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 between the third second grid line printing pattern 520 and the fourth second grid line printing pattern 520, and the anti-break grid lines 130 are not staggered.

[0129] like Fig.13As shown, the right area of ​​the first printing screen 501 corresponds to the second anti-break grid area 320 on the right side of the first anti-break grid area 310, and the first grid line printing pattern 510 extends in the up and down directions. There is an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 between the first second grid line printing pattern 520 and the second second grid line printing pattern 520 from top to bottom, and there is an anti-break grid line printing pattern 530 between the second second grid line printing pattern 520 and the third second grid line printing pattern 520. These two anti-break grid line printing patterns 530 are adjacent to each other along the first direction and are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0130] In actual implementation, the solar cell 300 also includes a second electrode structure, and the electrode block 210 of the second electrode structure can be used as follows: Fig.14 The second printing screen 502 shown is used for printing, and the second printing screen 502 has an electrode block printed pattern 550 .

[0131] According to the method for preparing a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application, by setting a first electrode structure on a laser-doped pattern 400, the anti-break grid lines 130 of the second anti-break grid area 320 are staggered, and the anti-break grid lines 130 in the two second anti-break grid areas 320 located in symmetrical positions are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-break grid area 310, which can effectively improve the contact performance of the solar cell, improve the battery efficiency, ensure the effectiveness of current transmission, and improve the battery reliability.

[0132] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0133] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0134] In the description of this application, "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0135] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0136] In the description of the present application, a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are directly in contact with each other, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact with each other but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween.

[0137] In the description of the present application, “above”, “over” and “above” a first feature to a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0138] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0139] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: A battery cell and a first electrode structure, wherein the first electrode structure is arranged on a laser-doped pattern of the battery cell, the first electrode structure comprises first grid lines extending along a first direction and arranged at intervals along a second direction, second grid lines extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-breaking grid line, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and two ends of the anti-breaking grid line are respectively connected to two adjacent second grid lines along the first direction; An anti-break grid area is defined between every two first grid lines adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the battery cell has a first anti-break grid area and second anti-break grid areas symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area; The anti-breakage wires in two symmetrically located second anti-breakage grid areas are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breakage grid area, and two adjacent anti-breakage wires in the second anti-breakage grid area along the first direction are spaced apart along the second direction.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that At least two anti-breakage gate lines are provided between two adjacent second gate lines along the first direction in the first anti-breakage gate area.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: An angle between the anti-break gate line and the second gate line in the first anti-break gate area is a first angle, and the first angle is 90 degrees.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that An angle between the anti-break gate line and the second gate line in the second anti-break gate area is a second angle, and the second angle is 10 degrees to 170 degrees.

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sum of the second angles corresponding to the two anti-break grid lines located at symmetrical positions is equal to 180 degrees.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The anti-break grid lines are arranged in columns along the first direction, and the anti-break grid lines in different columns are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least two rows of anti-break grid lines are arranged in the second anti-break grid area.

8. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least two rows of anti-break grid lines are arranged in the first anti-break grid area.

9. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first electrode structure further includes a harpoon gate line, which extends from two ends of the first gate line and is located at the edge of the battery cell, and the harpoon gate line is connected to the second gate line.

10. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Also includes: The second electrode structure is arranged on the battery cell, and the second electrode structure includes at least one of an electrode block and a connecting gradient line. The electrode block is arranged on the first gate line, and the connecting gradient line is arranged at the intersection of the first gate line and the second gate line.

11. A method for preparing a solar cell, characterized in that: include: According to the laser doping pattern, the surface of the cell is laser doped; A first electrode structure is prepared on the laser doped pattern of the cell, wherein the first electrode structure includes first gate lines extending along a first direction and arranged at intervals along a second direction, second gate lines extending along the second direction and arranged at intervals along the first direction, and an anti-breaking gate line, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect, and two ends of the anti-breaking gate line are respectively connected to two adjacent second gate lines along the first direction; An anti-break grid area is defined between every two first grid lines adjacent to each other along the second direction, and the battery cell has a first anti-break grid area and second anti-break grid areas symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first anti-break grid area; The anti-breakage wires in two symmetrically located second anti-breakage grid areas are symmetrically distributed about the first anti-breakage grid area, and two adjacent anti-breakage wires in the second anti-breakage grid area along the first direction are spaced apart along the second direction.

Images