Expandable and telescopic intramedullary nail system suitable for small animal long bone fracture

Abstract

The invention discloses an expandable and telescopic intramedullary nail system suitable for small animal long bone fracture, and relates to the field of fracture fixation instruments, the expandable and telescopic intramedullary nail system specifically comprises a double-head screwdriver, an expandable intramedullary nail and a threaded guide needle, and the expandable and telescopic intramedullary nail system is characterized in that the expandable intramedullary nail comprises a shell and an inner core. The double-end screwdriver, the threaded guide pin and the expandable intramedullary nail play a role in fixing nails on the fracture part, the expandable intramedullary nail is used for being matched with bones with different diameters, when the inner core is inserted into the shell, the bottom end of the inner core abuts against the two external expansion ends of the shell to expand outwards, and the expansion process is achieved; the mode adapts to fixation of bones with different diameters, the inner core can be screwed into the shell, so that tissue cannot grow into the shell to cause influence when the device is taken out in the later period, and meanwhile, the second positioning block can be cut off through the bent end, so that the size of the expandable intramedullary nail of the device is further reduced; the skin tissue can be completely closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fracture fixation instruments, in particular to an expandable and telescopic intramedullary nail system suitable for long bone fractures of small animals. Background Art

[0002] When a small animal suffers a long bone fracture, a fracture fixation device is needed to fix the fracture site, generally using Kirschner wires or steel plates and screws.

[0003] Currently, Kirschner wires are used to fix fractures, but the fixation is not firm and the tail end of the fixator is left on the skin surface, which is prone to infection. Plates and screws are used to fix fractures, but there are few types of plate and screws, their applicability is not high, and the surgical incision is large. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system suitable for long bone fractures of small animals, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology that Kirschner wires are currently used to fix the fracture site, but the fracture fixation is not firm and the tail end of the fixation object is left on the skin surface, which is prone to infection; and steel plate screws are used to fix the fracture site, but there are few types of steel plate screws, low applicability, and a large surgical incision.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The present invention provides an expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system suitable for long bone fractures of small animals, comprising a double-head screwdriver, an expandable intramedullary nail and a threaded guide pin, wherein the expandable intramedullary nail comprises an outer shell and an inner core, wherein the outer shell is provided with screw teeth for contacting with bones on the outside, and the middle of the outer shell is provided with a cavity for installing inner cores of various lengths, and the upper end of the cavity is provided with a thread groove adapted to the outer screw teeth at the proximal end of the inner core rod body, and the bottom end of the outer shell is separated by a strip groove into two outer expansion ends extending outwards through the inner core contact;

[0007] A first connector adapted to the inner core screw-in end is provided above the double-headed screwdriver, and a second connector adapted to the outer shell screw-in end is provided below the double-headed screwdriver. The second connector can also be installed in conjunction with a simulation cap, a coupling and a threaded guide pin.

[0008] The expandable intramedullary nail and the threaded guide pin are made of titanium alloy.

[0009] Preferably, the top end of the shell is composed of a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the second positioning block is connected to the upper end of the first positioning block through a bent end, the external shape of the simulation cap is consistent with the external shape of the top end of the shell, and the external dimensions of the simulation cap and the top end of the shell both match the size of the slot at the bottom of the second connecting member.

[0010] Preferably, an embedding groove matching the screw-in end of the inner core is formed on the top of the first connecting member, and the internal shape of the embedding groove and the external shape of the screw-in end of the inner core are both regular hexagonal structures.

[0011] Preferably, two partitions are symmetrically installed inside the shell of the double-headed screwdriver, and grooves for embedding small motors are opened in the middle of the two partitions, and the output shafts of the two small motors are fixed with driving gears that mesh with transmission gear rings. The two transmission gear rings are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating end of the slewing bearing, and the rotating ends of the two slewing bearings respectively penetrate the upper and lower ends of the double-headed screwdriver and are fixed to the first connecting member and the second connecting member.

[0012] Preferably, the two small motors are connected to the motor driver circuit inside the double-head screwdriver shell through wires, and the two motor drivers also pass through wires to the interior of the handle and are connected to the control panel circuit. The buttons of the control panel are installed at the lower end of the shell of the handle, and the handle is fixedly installed on the side of the shell of the double-head screwdriver.

[0013] Preferably, a battery holder for mounting a backup battery is fixedly installed inside the shell, and the battery holder is connected to the control panel circuit via a wire, and the battery holder is also connected to the charging interface circuit at the upper end of the handle shell via a wire.

[0014] Preferably, the outer cover of the handle is provided with a non-slip cover for medical personnel to hold, and a reserved hole for hanging the device is opened at the rear end of the handle.

[0015] Preferably, the front ends of the double-head screwdriver and the handle are both equipped with maintenance covers by means of screws.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This system uses a double-head screwdriver, a threaded guide needle, and an expandable intramedullary nail to fix the fracture site. The expandable intramedullary nail is adapted to bones of different diameters. When the outer shell is embedded in the medullary cavity of the fracture site through the double-head screwdriver, the inner core is inserted, and then the inner core is tightened so that the top of the inner core contacts the two outward expansion ends of the outer shell to expand outward to achieve the expansion process. This method is adapted to the fixation of bones of different diameters, and because the inner core can be screwed into the interior of the outer shell, the tissue will not grow into the shell to affect the later removal of the device. At the same time, because the second positioning block can be cut off by the bent end, the size of the expandable intramedullary nail of the device is further reduced, so that the skin tissue can be completely closed without being exposed, thereby avoiding the easy infection caused by exposure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional parts structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the combined parts structure of the outer shell, the inner core, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the double-head screwdriver in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the combined parts structure of the thread guide pin, the inner core, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece and the double-headed screwdriver in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is an initial schematic diagram of the structure of the combined parts of the outer shell and the inner core in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the expansion of the outer shell and inner core combined parts structure after installation in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom part structure of the second connecting member in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom part structure of the first connecting member in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the parts in the figure;

[0027] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the part B in FIG.

[0028] Fig.10 yes Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of the C part structure;

[0029] Fig.11 yes Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the D part structure;

[0030] Fig.12 yes Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the E part parts;

[0031] Fig.13 yes Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the F part;

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1. Outer shell; 2. Inner core; 3. Maintenance cover; 4. Thread groove; 5. Strip groove; 6. Outward expansion end; 7. First connecting piece; 8. Second connecting piece; 9. Simulation cap; 10. Coupling; 11. Thread guide pin; 12. First positioning block; 13. Second positioning block; 14. Bending end; 15. Slot; 16. Embedding slot; 17. Partition; 18. Small motor; 19. Transmission gear ring; 20. Driving gear; 21. Slewing bearing; 22. Motor driver; 23. Control panel; 24. Button; 25. Handle; 26. Spare battery; 27. Battery holder; 28. Charging port; 29. ​​Anti-slip cover; 30. Double-head screwdriver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] See also Figure 1 - Fig.13 , an expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system suitable for long bone fractures of small animals, comprising a double-head screwdriver 30, an expandable intramedullary nail and a threaded guide pin 11, the expandable intramedullary nail comprising an outer shell 1 and an inner core 2, the outer shell 1 is provided with screw teeth for contacting with bones on the outside, the middle of the outer shell 1 is provided with a cavity for installing inner cores 2 of various lengths, the upper end of the cavity is provided with a thread groove 4 adapted to the outer screw teeth of the proximal end of the inner core 2, the bottom end of the outer shell 1 is separated by a strip groove 5 into two outer expansion ends 6 extending outwards through the inner core 2;

[0036] Considering that the current use of Kirschner wires to fix fracture sites has the problem of unstable fracture fixation and the tail end of the fixation being left on the skin surface is prone to infection; the use of steel plate screws to fix fracture sites has the disadvantages of a small number of steel plate screw models and low applicability, and a large surgical incision, a first connecting piece 7 adapted to the screw-in end of the inner core 2 is provided above the double-headed screwdriver 30, and a second connecting piece 8 adapted to be screwed into the outer shell 1 is provided below the double-headed screwdriver 30. The second connecting piece 8 can also be installed in conjunction with the simulation cap 9 and the coupling 10 and the threaded guide pin 11. The system uses the double-headed screwdriver 30, the threaded guide pin 11, and the expandable intramedullary nail to fix the fracture site. The expandable intramedullary nail is adapted to bones of different diameters. After the outer shell 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the fracture site by the double-head screwdriver 30, the inner core 2 is inserted, and then the inner core 2 is tightened so that the bottom end of the inner core 2 abuts against the two outward expansion ends 6 of the outer shell 1 to expand outward to achieve the expansion process. This method is adapted to the fixation of bones of different diameters, and because the inner core 2 can be screwed into the inside of the outer shell 1, the tissue will not grow into the shell to cause an impact when the device is removed later. At the same time, because the second positioning block 13 can be cut off by the bent end 14, the size of the expandable intramedullary nail of the device is further reduced, so that the skin tissue can be completely closed without being exposed, thereby avoiding the easy infection caused by exposure;

[0037] The material of the expandable intramedullary nail and the threaded guide pin 11 is titanium alloy. By setting the outer shell 1, the inner core 2 and the threaded guide pin 11 to be titanium alloy, the service life of the device is improved and it can be reused after disinfection.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the shell 1 is composed of a first positioning block 12 and a second positioning block 13, and the second positioning block 13 is connected to the upper end of the first positioning block 12 through a bent end 14. The external shape of the simulation cap 9 is consistent with the external shape of the top of the shell 1, and the external dimensions of the simulation cap 9 and the top of the shell 1 are matched with the size of the slot 15 at the bottom of the second connecting member 8. The simulation cap 9 is arranged in conjunction with the coupling 10 to adapt the threaded guide pin 11 to the second connecting member 8, so that most of the threaded guide pins 11 on the market can be used with the double-headed screwdriver 30 of the device after adaptation.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown, an embedding groove 16 matching the screw-in end of the inner core 2 is provided on the top of the first connecting member 7, and the internal shape of the embedding groove 16 and the external shape of the screw-in end of the inner core 2 are both regular hexagonal structures. By setting the embedding groove 16, the inner core 2 can be driven by a double-head screwdriver 30 to complete the process of expanding the medullary cavity of the fracture site.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, two partitions 17 are symmetrically installed inside the shell of the double-headed screwdriver 30, and grooves for embedding small motors 18 are opened in the middle of the two partitions 17, and the output shafts of the two small motors 18 are fixed with driving gears 20 meshing with the transmission gear ring 19, and the two transmission gear rings 19 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating end of the slewing bearing 21, and the rotating ends of the two slewing bearings 21 respectively penetrate the upper and lower ends of the double-headed screwdriver 30 and are fixed to the first connecting member 7 and the second connecting member 8. By setting up two small motors 18, the first connecting member 7 and the second connecting member 8 are driven to rotate respectively, so that the outer shell 1 and the inner core 2 in the expandable intramedullary nail and the threaded guide pin 11 can be driven to rotate automatically without manual tightening, which facilitates medical staff to perform surgery.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the two small motors 18 are connected to the motor driver 22 circuit inside the double-headed screwdriver 30 shell through wires, and the two motor drivers 22 are also connected to the control panel 23 circuit through wires to the inside of the handle 25. The button 24 of the control panel 23 is installed at the lower end of the shell of the handle 25, and the handle 25 is fixedly installed on the side of the shell of the double-headed screwdriver 30. By setting the control panel 23 and the button 24, the two motor drive motors are driven, and the two motor drivers 22 can be used to drive the corresponding small motors 18 respectively.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a battery holder 27 for installing a backup battery 26 is fixedly installed inside the shell, and the battery holder 27 is connected to the control panel 23 circuit via a wire. The battery holder 27 is also connected to the charging interface 28 at the upper end of the handle 25 shell via a wire. Considering that the surgery needs to monitor the vital signs of small animals, most of the equipment is required and maintenance equipment is also required, resulting in more wires in the surgical environment. In order to avoid too many wires, the double-headed screwdriver 30 is driven by the backup battery 26, which reduces the constraints of the wires and makes the double-headed screwdriver 30 flexible to operate.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.10 As shown, the outer sleeve of the handle 25 is provided with an anti-slip sleeve 29 for medical staff to hold, and a reserved hole for hanging the device is opened at the tail end of the handle 25. The anti-slip sleeve 29 increases the holding rod for the surgeon to hold the device.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the front ends of the double-headed screwdriver 30 and the handle 25 are both installed with maintenance covers 3 by screws. By providing the maintenance cover 3, it is convenient to maintain the device at a later time. When the maintenance cover 3 is removed, the backup battery 26, connecting lines and small motor 18 inside the device can be checked.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system suitable for treating long bone fractures in small animals, comprising a double-head screwdriver (30), an expandable intramedullary nail and a threaded guide needle (11), characterized in that: The expandable intramedullary nail comprises an outer shell (1) and an inner core (2); the outer shell (1) is provided with screw threads for contacting bones on the outside; the middle of the outer shell (1) is provided with a cavity for installing inner cores (2) of various lengths; the upper end of the cavity is provided with a thread groove (4) adapted to the outer screw threads at the proximal end of the inner core (2); the bottom end of the outer shell (1) is separated by a strip groove (5) into two outer expansion ends (6) extending outwards through the inner core (2); A first connecting piece (7) adapted to be screwed into the inner core (2) is provided above the double-headed screwdriver (30), and a second connecting piece (8) adapted to be screwed into the outer shell (1) is provided below the double-headed screwdriver (30), and the second connecting piece (8) can also be installed in conjunction with a simulation cap (9) and a coupling (10) and a threaded guide pin (11); The expandable intramedullary nail and the threaded guide pin (11) are made of titanium alloy.

2. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the housing (1) is composed of a first positioning block (12) and a second positioning block (13), and the second positioning block (13) is connected to the upper end of the first positioning block (12) via a bent end (14). The external shape of the simulation cap (9) is consistent with the external shape of the top end of the housing (1), and the external dimensions of the simulation cap (9) and the top end of the housing (1) are matched with the dimensions of the card slot (15) at the bottom of the second connecting member (8).

3. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the first connecting member (7) is provided with an embedding groove (16) matching the screw-in end of the inner core (2), and the internal shape of the embedding groove (16) and the external shape of the screw-in end of the inner core (2) are both regular hexagonal structures.

4. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two partitions (17) are symmetrically installed inside the shell of the double-headed screwdriver (30), and grooves for embedding a small motor (18) are opened in the middle of the two partitions (17), and the output shafts of the two small motors (18) are fixed with driving gears (20) meshing with a transmission gear ring (19), and the two transmission gear rings (19) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating end of the slewing bearing (21), and the rotating ends of the two slewing bearings (21) respectively penetrate the upper and lower ends of the double-headed screwdriver (30) and are fixed to the first connecting member (7) and the second connecting member (8).

5. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two small motors (18) are connected to the motor driver (22) circuit inside the housing of the double-headed screwdriver (30) through wires, and the two motor drivers (22) are also connected to the inside of the handle (25) through wires and connected to the control panel (23) circuit. The button (24) of the control panel (23) is installed at the lower end of the shell of the handle (25), and the handle (25) is fixedly installed on the side of the housing of the double-headed screwdriver (30).

6. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 5, characterized in that: A battery holder (27) for mounting a backup battery (26) is fixedly installed inside the housing, and the battery holder (27) is connected to the control panel (23) circuit via a wire. The battery holder (27) is also connected to the charging interface (28) at the upper end of the handle (25) housing via a wire.

7. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer cover of the handle (25) is provided with an anti-slip cover (29) for medical personnel to hold, and a reserved hole for hanging the device is opened at the rear end of the handle (25).

8. The expandable and retractable intramedullary nail system for long bone fractures of small animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front ends of the double-head screwdriver (30) and the handle (25) are both mounted with maintenance covers (3) via screws.

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