Method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of regenerated aluminum alloys, and discloses a method for preparing an aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting a waste aluminum material; (2) cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; (3) adding the waste aluminum material into a smelting furnace, and smelting to obtain a smelting solution; (4) the smelting temperature is adjusted, and stirring is conducted; (5) smelting liquid is subjected to refining treatment; (6) regulating the temperature after refining treatment, adding a modifier, stirring for 20 minutes, regulating the temperature, and pouring into a mold; and (7) the poured mold is subjected to pulsed magnetic field treatment, and demolding is conducted after complete solidification. The modifier is added into the waste aluminum smelting liquid, the main purpose is to improve the casting performance and the machining performance of the waste aluminum smelting liquid, and then the strength, hardness and other mechanical properties of the regenerated aluminum alloy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste aluminum regeneration, in particular to a method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum. Background Art

[0002] Recycling aluminum alloy from scrap aluminum is an important process involving resource recycling and metal processing.

[0003] Scrap aluminum, as the main raw material of recycled aluminum, is the common name for recycled aluminum. It can be broadly divided into two categories: new scrap aluminum and old scrap aluminum. New scrap aluminum mainly comes from process waste in the production process of downstream aluminum processing enterprises and foundries, or products scrapped due to unqualified performance. However, due to statistical difficulties, this type of scrap aluminum is usually not included in the official scrap aluminum statistics. Old scrap aluminum includes various scrap aluminum and scrap aluminum parts purchased from the society, such as scrap aluminum plates, scrap aluminum wires, scrap motorcycle aluminum wheels, scrap automobile motor aluminum shells, scrap mobile phone aluminum shells, etc.

[0004] Recycled aluminum alloys can be used to produce various cast aluminum alloys and deformed aluminum alloys, and then processed into aluminum castings or plastic processed aluminum materials; these products are widely used in many fields such as automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment, and construction industry.

[0005] However, the surface hardness of recycled aluminum alloy is relatively low, which sometimes fails to meet specific requirements during its application.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy by recycling waste aluminum to solve the corresponding problem and can further improve the surface hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for preparing aluminum alloy by recycling waste aluminum, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Collecting scrap aluminum materials;

[0010] (2) cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material;

[0011] (3) adding the waste aluminum material into a smelting furnace and smelting it to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0012] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 720-730°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0013] (5) refining the smelting liquid;

[0014] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 690-700°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 620-630°C and poured into a mold;

[0015] (7) The mold after pouring is treated with a pulse magnetic field, and demoulding is performed after it is completely solidified.

[0016] As a further technical solution: the waste aluminum material includes: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0017] As a further technical solution: the waste aluminum material in step (2) is cleaned as follows:

[0018] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0019] As a further technical solution: in step (3), the waste aluminum material is added into a smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 800° C., and smelted to obtain a molten liquid;

[0020] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0021] As a further technical solution: the refining process in step (5) is as follows:

[0022] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0023] As a further technical solution: the refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0024] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0025] As a further technical solution: in step (6), the amount of the modifier added is 0.3-0.4% based on the total smelting liquid;

[0026] The modifier is composed of:

[0027] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0028] As a further technical solution: the mixing mass ratio of the Al-Fe alloy to the Al-Zr alloy is 1:3-4.

[0029] As a further technical solution: the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes.

[0030] As a further technical solution: the frequency of the pulsed magnetic field is 2.5 Hz and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] The present invention adds a modifier to the waste aluminum smelting liquid, the main purpose of which is to improve its casting performance and processing performance, thereby improving the mechanical properties such as strength and hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy.

[0033] By introducing a modifier, the present invention can provide additional nucleation points for the solidification of the recycled aluminum alloy. The significant increase in the additional nucleation points can further increase the nucleation rate and achieve the effect of grain refinement. Small grains mean more grain boundaries, which can effectively hinder the expansion of cracks when the material is subjected to stress, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the material.

[0034] The present invention obtains a modifier by mixing Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy, which can change the morphology and distribution of the second phase of the recycled aluminum alloy, and can make the eutectic silicon morphology present a bunch of extremely fine needles with many branches. This morphology of the second phase is more conducive to improving the hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy material.

[0035] Pulsed magnetic field treatment can help reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and pores in recycled aluminum alloys, which are often the weak links in the strength and hardness of recycled aluminum alloy materials. Pulsed magnetic field treatment can optimize the organizational structure and greatly improve the density and integrity of recycled aluminum alloy materials, thereby improving the surface hardness of recycled aluminum alloys.

[0036] Since the procurement cost of scrap aluminum is relatively low and the supply is stable, it helps to reduce the production cost of recycled aluminum alloy and improve market competitiveness. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

[0040] (1) Collecting waste aluminum materials; waste aluminum materials include: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0041] (2) Cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; Cleaning the waste aluminum material as follows:

[0042] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0043] (3) adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid; adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 800° C., and smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0044] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0045] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 720°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0046] (5) refining the smelting liquid; the refining process is as follows:

[0047] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0048] The refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0049] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0050] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 690°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 620°C and poured into a mold; the amount of modifier added is 0.3% based on the total molten liquid;

[0051] The modifier is composed of:

[0052] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0053] The mixing mass ratio of Al-Fe alloy to Al-Zr alloy is 1:3.

[0054] (7) The mold after pouring is subjected to pulse magnetic field treatment, and demolding is performed after complete solidification; the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes; the pulse magnetic field frequency is 2.5 Hz, and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) Collecting waste aluminum materials; waste aluminum materials include: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0058] (2) Cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; Cleaning the waste aluminum material as follows:

[0059] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0060] (3) adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid; adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 800° C., and smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0061] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0062] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 725°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0063] (5) refining the smelting liquid; the refining process is as follows:

[0064] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0065] The refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0066] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0067] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 692°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 625°C and poured into a mold; the amount of modifier added is 0.33% based on the total molten liquid;

[0068] The modifier is composed of:

[0069] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0070] The mixing mass ratio of Al-Fe alloy to Al-Zr alloy is 1:3.2.

[0071] (7) The mold after pouring is subjected to pulse magnetic field treatment, and demolding is performed after complete solidification; the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes; the pulse magnetic field frequency is 2.5 Hz, and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) Collecting waste aluminum materials; waste aluminum materials include: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0075] (2) Cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; Cleaning the waste aluminum material as follows:

[0076] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0077] (3) adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid; adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 800° C., and smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0078] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0079] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 728°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0080] (5) refining the smelting liquid; the refining process is as follows:

[0081] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0082] The refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0083] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0084] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 695°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 626°C and poured into a mold; the amount of modifier added is 0.35% based on the total molten liquid;

[0085] The modifier is composed of:

[0086] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0087] The mixing mass ratio of Al-Fe alloy to Al-Zr alloy is 1:3.5.

[0088] (7) The mold after pouring is subjected to pulse magnetic field treatment, and demolding is performed after complete solidification; the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes; the pulse magnetic field frequency is 2.5 Hz, and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

[0091] (1) Collecting waste aluminum materials; waste aluminum materials include: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0092] (2) Cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; Cleaning the waste aluminum material as follows:

[0093] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0094] (3) adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid; adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 800° C., and smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0095] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0096] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 726°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0097] (5) refining the smelting liquid; the refining process is as follows:

[0098] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0099] The refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0100] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0101] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 692°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 628°C and poured into a mold; the amount of modifier added is 0.38% based on the total molten liquid;

[0102] The modifier is composed of:

[0103] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0104] The mixing mass ratio of Al-Fe alloy to Al-Zr alloy is 1:3.4.

[0105] (7) The mold after pouring is subjected to pulse magnetic field treatment, and demolding is performed after complete solidification; the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes; the pulse magnetic field frequency is 2.5 Hz, and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0106] Example 5

[0107] A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

[0108] (1) Collecting waste aluminum materials; waste aluminum materials include: a mixture of any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

[0109] (2) Cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; Cleaning the waste aluminum material as follows:

[0110] Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

[0111] (3) adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid; adding the scrap aluminum material into a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 800° C., and smelting the scrap aluminum material to obtain a smelting liquid;

[0112] The heating rate is 30°C / min.

[0113] (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 730°C and stir for 30 minutes;

[0114] (5) refining the smelting liquid; the refining process is as follows:

[0115] Refining gas is pressed into the molten liquid for degassing, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

[0116] The refined gas is: hexachloroethane;

[0117] The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0118] (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 700°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 630°C and poured into a mold; the amount of the modifier added is 0.4% based on the total molten liquid;

[0119] The modifier is composed of:

[0120] A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

[0121] The mixing mass ratio of Al-Fe alloy to Al-Zr alloy is 1:4.

[0122] (7) The mold after pouring is subjected to pulse magnetic field treatment, and demolding is performed after complete solidification; the pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes; the pulse magnetic field frequency is 2.5 Hz, and the intensity is 45 Gs.

[0123] Comparative Example 1:

[0124] On the basis of Example 1, no refining treatment is performed and the rest of the technical solutions remain unchanged.

[0125] Comparative Example 2:

[0126] On the basis of Example 1, no modifier is added and the rest of the technical scheme remains unchanged.

[0127] test

[0128] The embodiment and the comparative example are processed using the same batch of waste aluminum plates:

[0129] The samples prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example were cut into φ16×5 mm discs, and after grinding and polishing with 2000# sandpaper, the Vickers hardness of the alloy samples in the embodiment and the comparative example was measured using an FM-700 microhardness tester, with a loading load of 0.981 N and a loading time of 15 s.

[0130] Table 1

[0131] Hardness HV0.1 Example 1 106.3 Example 2 107.5 Example 3 107.8 Example 4 106.1 Example 5 105.8 Comparative Example 1 95.3 Comparative Example 2 80.9

[0132] It can be seen from Table 1 that the scrap aluminum regenerated by the method of the present invention has a higher surface hardness.

[0133] Taking Example 1 as the basic sample, the effects of different modifiers on the surface hardness of recycled aluminum alloy are compared, as shown in Table 2:

[0134] in,

[0135] Example 1: The difference from Example 1 is that the modifier is Al-Zr alloy;

[0136] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that the modifier is Al-Fe alloy;

[0137] Table 2

[0138] Hardness HV0.1 Example 1 106.3 Example 1 96.1 Example 2 102.8

[0139] It can be seen from Table 2 that different modifiers have different promoting effects on the surface hardness of recycled aluminum alloys, and the combination of Al-Zr alloy and Al-Fe alloy can achieve better results.

[0140] Taking Example 1 as the basic sample, the effects of different pulse magnetic field treatment times on the surface hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy are compared, as shown in Table 3;

[0141] Table 3

[0142] Different pulse magnetic field treatment time min Hardness HV0.1 0 98.6 20 102.7 40 106.3 60 104.5 80 103.8

[0143] It can be seen from Table 3 that the surface hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy can be significantly improved by pulse magnetic field treatment, and different treatment times have different effects on the surface hardness of the recycled aluminum alloy. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Collecting scrap aluminum materials; (2) cleaning and drying the waste aluminum material; (3) adding the waste aluminum material into a smelting furnace and smelting it to obtain a smelting liquid; (4) Adjust the melting temperature to 720-730°C and stir for 30 minutes; (5) refining the smelting liquid; (6) After refining, the temperature is adjusted to 690-700°C, a modifier is added, and after stirring for 20 minutes, the temperature is adjusted to 620-630°C and poured into a mold; (7) The mold after pouring is treated with a pulse magnetic field, and demolding is performed after it is completely solidified.

2. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste aluminum material includes any one or more of waste aluminum plates, waste aluminum wires, waste motorcycle aluminum wheels, waste automobile motor aluminum shells, and waste mobile phone aluminum shells.

3. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste aluminum material in step (2) is cleaned as follows: Add the scrap aluminum material into the alkaline solution and soak and clean it for 30 minutes, then take it out, add it into clean water, continue cleaning for 10 minutes, and then take it out.

4. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the waste aluminum material is added into a smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 800° C., and smelted to obtain a smelting liquid; The heating rate is 30°C / min.

5. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refining process in step (5) is as follows: Refining gas is pressed into the smelting liquid to degas it, and then the scum on the surface is filtered out to complete the refining process.

6. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 5, characterized in that: The refined gas is: hexachloroethane; The hexachloroethane gas was introduced at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

7. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), the amount of the modifier added is 0.3-0.4% based on the total smelting liquid; The modifier is composed of: A mixture of Al-Fe alloy and Al-Zr alloy.

8. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing mass ratio of the Al-Fe alloy to the Al-Zr alloy is 1:3-4.

9. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by regenerating waste aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse magnetic field treatment time is 40 minutes.

10. The method for preparing aluminum alloy by recycling waste aluminum according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pulse magnetic field has a frequency of 2.5 Hz and an intensity of 45 Gs.