Ventilation system of brake cylinder and brake cylinder

Abstract

The invention provides a ventilation system of a brake cylinder. The ventilation system comprises a ventilation plug and a safety valve, and the non-sealing cavity is communicated with the safety valve and the ventilation plug so that ventilation of the non-sealing cavity can be achieved. The ventilation plug is a one-way sealing ventilation plug, an air inlet function is removed, air can be exhausted from a non-sealing cavity in a one-way mode, the probability that the ventilation plug sucks water vapor from the outside is reduced, and the reliability of the waterproof function of the ventilation plug is guaranteed. And the safety valve has dustproof and waterproof air inlet functions. The ventilation system adopting the one-way sealing ventilation plug and the safety valve with the dustproof and waterproof air inlet functions comprises a first ventilation working condition and a second ventilation working condition, under the first ventilation working condition, the ventilation system is in a low-pressure exhaust mode, air enters a non-sealing cavity through a waterproof breathable film of the safety valve, and air is exhausted through the ventilation plug and the waterproof breathable film; and under the second ventilation working condition, the ventilation system is in a high-pressure exhaust mode, air is fed through the safety valve, and the safety valve can assist in exhausting on the basis of exhausting air through the ventilation plug and the waterproof breathable film of the safety valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of piston brake cylinders, and in particular to a ventilation system of a brake cylinder. Background Art

[0002] At present, the non-sealed cavity of the piston brake cylinder has gas exchange with the external atmosphere during the brake release process. The existing vent plug has a two-way ventilation function, and the safety valve has a one-way exhaust function. When the brake cylinder is in a harsh working condition of snow and ice, the vent plug and the safety valve are easily covered and blocked by ice and snow, or water and snow dust in the external atmosphere are sucked into the non-sealed cavity, causing the brake cylinder to malfunction.

[0003] The existing breather plug is a labyrinth structure with a short sheath, which allows the unsealed cavity to ventilate in both directions from the breather plug. When the brake cylinder is relieved, water and snow dust in the external atmosphere will be sucked into the unsealed cavity through the breather plug along with the air, and after freezing, it will cause air leakage in the sealed cavity during braking. Since the breather plug with a parking unit brake cylinder is installed in a small position, the volume of the breather plug is limited, and it is difficult to add too many functions.

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention is specially introduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for a brake cylinder, which adopts a one-way sealed vent plug, reduces the probability of the vent plug being covered by ice and snow, and ensures the reliability of the vent plug's exhaust function.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention improves a ventilation system of a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder includes a non-sealed chamber, the ventilation system includes a ventilation plug and a safety valve, the non-sealed chamber is connected with the safety valve and the ventilation plug to realize ventilation of the non-sealed chamber, the ventilation plug is a one-way seal, and can exhaust air from the non-sealed chamber in one direction, the safety valve is provided with a waterproof breathable membrane, so that it has an air intake function; the ventilation system includes a first ventilation working condition and a second ventilation working condition, under the first ventilation working condition, the ventilation system is a low-pressure exhaust mode, the non-sealed chamber takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane of the safety valve, and exhausts air through the ventilation plug and the waterproof breathable membrane; under the second ventilation working condition, the ventilation system takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane, and on the basis of exhausting the ventilation plug and the waterproof breathable membrane, the high-pressure exhaust channel of the safety valve is opened.

[0007] The following is a further optimization of the above scheme by the present invention:

[0008] Furthermore, the safety valve includes a V-ring having a threshold for opening the exhaust function. When the threshold is lower than the threshold, the V-ring is closed due to its own elasticity, and the ventilation system is in a first ventilation condition. When the threshold is higher than the threshold, the V-ring rises under the action of high pressure, the high-pressure exhaust channel of the safety valve is opened, and the ventilation system is in a second ventilation condition.

[0009] Furthermore, the threshold of the safety valve is 13Kpa-17Kpa.

[0010] Furthermore, the safety valve also includes a first sheath, and the first sheath is a rubber sheath.

[0011] Furthermore, a waterproof partition is provided on the first sheath to form an air path maze.

[0012] Furthermore, the vent plug includes a vent valve body, a positioning ring and a flat-mouth sealing valve body, the sealing valve body includes a wedge-shaped portion and a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is installed between the vent valve body and the positioning ring; the wedge-shaped portion includes two inclined surfaces, forming a closed opening in the direction where the inclined surfaces intersect, and the closed opening is in a normally closed state, and forming an open opening on the side away from the intersection direction of the inclined surfaces, and the two inclined surfaces enclose a valve body cavity; the valve body cavity is connected to the ventilation space to form an air plug cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped portion also includes two parallel horizontal planes, which are arranged at the ends where the inclined planes intersect and extend along the direction where the inclined planes intersect to form a closed extended closing portion.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning ring includes a mounting groove, and the mounting portion of the flat-mouth sealing valve body includes an annular protrusion, which is accommodated in the mounting groove of the positioning ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning ring also includes a filter surface, which is arranged on a side opposite to the installation groove, and a plurality of filter holes are arranged on the filter surface.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a brake cylinder is provided. The brake cylinder comprises a piston, one side of the piston is a sealed chamber, and the other side of the piston is a non-sealed chamber. The brake cylinder adopts any of the above-mentioned ventilation systems.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0018] 1. The present invention transfers the air intake function from the vent plug to the safety valve, optimizes the function distribution, improves the filtering capacity of the ventilation system, and reduces the probability of being covered by ice and snow.

[0019] 2. A safety valve with a waterproof and breathable membrane is used to prevent water or snow dust in the external atmosphere from entering the non-sealed cavity of the brake cylinder along with the air during the relief process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a brake cylinder using the vent plug system of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a vent plug of a brake cylinder is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the vent plug suction is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of vent plug exhaust is shown;

[0025] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flat-mouth sealing valve body is shown.

[0026] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Sealed cavity; 2. Piston; 3. Non-sealed cavity; 4. Vent plug; 5. First sheath; 6. Safety valve; 7. Waterproof breathable membrane; 8. Vent valve body; 9. Positioning ring; 10. Second sheath; 11. Elastic retaining ring; 12. Filter surface; 13. Filter hole; 14. Closed mouth; 15. Open mouth; 16. Ventilation space; 17. Valve body cavity; 18. Flat-mouth sealing valve body; 19. Waterproof baffle; 20. V-ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and these embodiments cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The term "including" when used indicates the existence of a feature, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention; in addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0031] In order to prevent the vent plug 4 and the safety valve 6 from being ineffective after being covered by ice and snow, and to prevent the sealed chamber 1 from leaking air due to freezing after water enters the non-sealed chamber 3, the present invention provides a venting system for the brake cylinder. Figure 1 As shown, the brake cylinder includes a non-sealed chamber, and the ventilation system includes a vent plug 4 and a safety valve 6. The non-sealed chamber 3 is connected to the safety valve 6 and the vent plug 4 to achieve ventilation of the non-sealed chamber 3. Among them, the vent plug 4 is a one-way sealed vent plug 4, which removes the air intake function and can exhaust air from the non-sealed chamber 3 in one direction, thereby reducing the probability of the vent plug 4 inhaling water vapor from the outside and ensuring the reliability of the waterproof function of the vent plug 4. And the safety valve 6 is provided with a waterproof breathable membrane 7, which has a dustproof and waterproof air intake function. The ventilation system using the above one-way sealed vent plug 4 and the safety valve 6 with dustproof and waterproof air intake function includes a first ventilation condition and a second ventilation condition. Under the first ventilation condition, the ventilation system adopts a low-pressure exhaust mode, and the non-sealed cavity 3 takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane 7 of the safety valve 6 and exhausts air through the vent plug. When the vent plug is exhausted, the waterproof breathable membrane 7 can simultaneously exhaust a small amount of gas; under the second ventilation condition, the ventilation system takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane 7 of the safety valve 6, and on the basis of exhausting the vent plug 4 and the waterproof breathable membrane 7, under the action of high air pressure, the additional quick exhaust channel of the safety valve 6 is opened to assist in exhaust.

[0032] The low pressure in the present invention refers to a pressure lower than the threshold pressure of the safety valve 6, while the high pressure refers to a pressure higher than the threshold pressure of the safety valve. The threshold pressure of the safety valve 6 of the present invention is 13Kpa-17Kpa.

[0033] The ventilation system of the present invention transfers the air intake function from the vent plug 4 to the safety valve 6, optimizes the function distribution, and facilitates the management of dust and water prevention.

[0034] For the safety valve 6 of the ventilation system, a waterproof breathable membrane 7 is provided on it, so that the safety valve 6 has a dustproof and waterproof air intake function, replacing the original air intake function of the vent plug 4. The safety valve 6 includes a V-ring 20, and the safety valve 6 has a threshold pressure for opening the exhaust function. When the pressure is lower than the threshold pressure, the V-ring 20 is closed under the action of its own elasticity, and the ventilation system is in the first ventilation condition. In the first ventilation condition, the non-sealed cavity 3 is mainly exhausted through the vent plug 4, and the air is taken in through the waterproof breathable membrane 7 of the safety valve 6, and the waterproof breathable membrane 7 can simultaneously discharge a small amount of gas when the vent plug 4 is exhausted. When the pressure is higher than the threshold, under the action of high pressure, the edge of the V-ring 20 rises, the safety valve 6 opens, and the ventilation system is in the second ventilation condition. In the second ventilation condition, the ventilation system takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane 7. On the basis of exhausting the vent plug 4 and the waterproof breathable membrane 7, the safety valve 6 opens an additional quick exhaust channel to assist in exhausting.

[0035] For the first ventilation condition, the air intake function and the exhaust function are separated, and the air intake is realized through the safety valve 6, which is convenient for protecting the vent plug 4 and the safety valve 6 from being covered by ice and snow, and preventing the non-sealed cavity 3 from freezing after water enters and causing air leakage in the sealed cavity 1, thereby improving the filtering capacity of the ventilation system and reducing the probability of being covered by ice and snow. For the second ventilation condition, when the air pressure in the non-sealed cavity 3 is high, the V-ring of the safety valve 6 can assist in exhaust. The air intake function of this system is transferred from the vent plug 4 to the safety valve 6. The volume of the vent plug 4 and the safety valve 6, except for the sheath, is almost unchanged before and after optimization. It is easy to install and disassemble and does not interfere with other components.

[0036] In order to ensure the reliability of the safety valve 6, a first sheath 5 is installed on the safety valve 6. The first sheath 5 adopts a longer rubber sheath with an opening facing downward, and a waterproof baffle 19 is added to the first sheath 5 to reduce the probability of the safety valve 6 being covered by ice and snow. The longer first sheath 5 reduces the probability of the safety valve 6 being covered by ice and snow. Among them, the waterproof baffle 19 mainly forms a gas path maze and extends the gas path, which plays a certain degree of dustproof function.

[0037] For the vent plug 4 of the ventilation system, the vent plug 4 is a waterproof vent plug 4, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a vent valve body 8, a positioning ring 9 and a flat-mouth sealing valve body 18. Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the flat-mouth sealing valve body 18 includes a wedge-shaped portion and a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is installed between the vent valve body 8 and the positioning ring 9. The wedge-shaped portion includes two inclined surfaces, forming a closed port 14 in the direction where the inclined surfaces intersect, and the closed port 14 is in a normally closed state, and forming an open port 15 on the side away from the intersection direction of the inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces enclose a valve body cavity 17. The valve body cavity 17 is connected to the vent space 16 to form an air plug cavity. Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the waterproof vent plug 4 is a one-way exhaust, and the gas can only be discharged to the atmosphere along the air plug cavity, so that water cannot enter the brake cylinder from the external atmosphere through the waterproof vent plug 4 with the air, thereby preventing the water entering the brake cylinder from solidifying on the cylinder wall to seriously affect the sealing of the brake cylinder sealing cavity 1, and preventing the brake cylinder sealing cavity 1 from leaking air and causing the sealed cavity 1 to be connected with the non-sealed cavity 3, thereby causing the brake cylinder to fail to brake normally.

[0038] The wedge-shaped portion further includes two parallel horizontal planes, which are arranged at the ends where the inclined planes intersect and extend along the direction where the inclined planes intersect to form an extended closing portion of the closed opening 14 , thereby improving the sealing performance of the closed opening 14 .

[0039] The filtering function of the vent plug 4 is realized by the positioning ring 9 and the second sheath 10. The positioning ring 9 includes a filtering surface 12, and a plurality of filtering holes 13 are provided on the filtering surface 12, which can prevent large particles of sand and stone from getting stuck at the closed mouth 14 of the flat-mouth sealing valve body 18, and prevent the closed mouth 14 from becoming normally open due to blockage by sand and stone. The plurality of filtering holes 13 can be 4, 6, etc., and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0040] The vent plug 4 also includes an elastic circlip 11, which fits the filter surface 12 of the positioning ring 9. There are two mounting holes on the elastic circlip 11. When installing the elastic circlip 11, use needle-nosed pliers to clamp the mounting holes to reduce the diameter of the elastic circlip. After putting it into the groove, release the needle-nosed pliers. The diameter of the elastic circlip will recover to a diameter slightly smaller than the natural diameter under the action of its own elasticity and then get stuck in the groove, thereby fixing the positioning ring 9.

[0041] The second sheath 10 includes a mounting portion and an exhaust portion. The mounting portion cooperates with the vent valve body 8, and the axis of the mounting portion is parallel to the axis of the exhaust portion. The exhaust portion extends the exhaust port of the waterproof vent plug 4, thereby reducing the probability of the flat-mouth sealing valve body 18 being covered by ice and snow under harsh working conditions, making the waterproof vent plug 4 more difficult to be blocked, and also keeping water in the external atmosphere away from the flat-mouth sealing valve body 18. The second sheath 10 has the function of filtering ice, snow and dust under harsh working conditions, and forms a graded filter with the positioning ring 9.

[0042] The positioning ring 9 includes a mounting groove, and the mounting portion of the flat-mouth sealing valve body 18 includes an annular protrusion, which is accommodated in the mounting groove of the positioning ring 9. The positioning ring 9 also includes a filter surface 12, which is arranged on a side opposite to the mounting groove, and a plurality of filter holes 13 are arranged on the filter surface 12.

[0043] The present invention also provides a brake cylinder, including a piston 2, one side of the piston 2 is a sealed cavity 1, and the other side is a non-sealed groove, and the brake cylinder adopts the above-mentioned ventilation system. When the brake cylinder is relieved, the piston 2 is retracted and moves in a direction away from the non-sealed cavity 3, so that the cavity space of the non-sealed cavity 3 becomes larger, and the pressure of the non-sealed cavity 3 is less than the external atmospheric pressure of the air plug cavity. At this time, the wedge-shaped structure of the flat-mouthed sealing valve body 18 is compressed, and the flat-mouthed sealing valve body 18 is tightly closed, and gas and water cannot enter the non-sealed cavity 3 through the flat-mouthed sealing valve body 18. The outside air enters the non-sealed cavity 3 through the waterproof breathable membrane 7 of the safety valve 6, so that water cannot enter the brake cylinder from the external atmosphere through the waterproof vent plug 4 with the air.

[0044] When the brake cylinder brakes, the piston 2 is pushed out and moves toward the non-sealed chamber 3, making the cavity space of the non-sealed chamber 3 smaller. At this time, the pressure of the non-sealed chamber 3 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure of the air plug chamber, and the flat-mouthed sealing valve body 18 is opened, and the gas is discharged from the vent plug 4. At this time, the non-sealed chamber 3 is connected to the external atmosphere, and the gas and liquid can be discharged from the non-sealed chamber 3 during this period. When the pressure on both sides of the flat-mouthed sealing valve body 18 is balanced, the closing mouth 14 will be closed again to a normally closed state.

[0045] In summary, from the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0046] 1. The present invention transfers the air intake function from the vent plug 4 to the safety valve 6, optimizes the function distribution, improves the filtering capacity of the ventilation system, and reduces the probability of being covered by ice and snow.

[0047] 2. A safety valve 6 with a waterproof and breathable membrane 7 is used to prevent water or snow dust in the external atmosphere from entering the non-sealed cavity 3 of the brake cylinder along with the air during the relief process.

[0048] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder comprising a non-sealed chamber (3), the ventilation system comprising a ventilation plug (4) and a safety valve (6), the non-sealed chamber (3) being in communication with the safety valve (6) and the ventilation plug (4) to achieve ventilation of the non-sealed chamber (3), characterized in that: The vent plug (4) is one-way sealed and can exhaust air from the non-sealed cavity (3) in one direction. The safety valve (6) is provided with a waterproof and breathable membrane (7) so as to have an air intake function. The ventilation system comprises a first ventilation working condition and a second ventilation working condition. In the first ventilation working condition, the ventilation system is in a low-pressure exhaust mode, the non-sealed cavity (3) takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane (7) of the safety valve (6), and exhausts air through the ventilation plug (4) and the waterproof breathable membrane (7); in the second ventilation working condition, the ventilation system takes in air through the waterproof breathable membrane (7), and on the basis of exhausting air through the ventilation plug (4) and the waterproof breathable membrane (7), the high-pressure exhaust channel of the safety valve (6) is opened.

2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety valve (6) comprises a V-ring (20) having a threshold pressure for opening the exhaust function. When the pressure is lower than the threshold pressure, the V-ring (20) is closed due to its own elasticity, and the ventilation system is in the first ventilation working state; when the pressure is higher than the threshold pressure, the V-ring (20) is tilted under the action of high pressure, the high-pressure exhaust passage of the safety valve (6) is opened, and the ventilation system is in the second ventilation working state.

3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threshold pressure of the safety valve (6) is 13Kpa-17Kpa.

4. The ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The safety valve (6) further comprises a first sheath (5), wherein the first sheath (5) is a rubber sheath.

5. The ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A waterproof partition (19) is also provided on the first sheath (5) to form an air path labyrinth.

6. The ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vent plug (4) comprises a vent valve body (8), a positioning ring (9) and a flat-mouth sealing valve body (18); the flat-mouth sealing valve body (18) comprises a wedge-shaped portion and a mounting portion, the mounting portion being mounted between the vent valve body (8) and the positioning ring (9); the wedge-shaped portion comprises two inclined surfaces, a closed opening (14) is formed in the direction in which the inclined surfaces intersect, the closed opening (14) is in a normally closed state, and an open opening (15) is formed on the side away from the direction in which the inclined surfaces intersect, the two inclined surfaces enclose a valve body cavity (17); the valve body cavity (17) is connected to the vent space (16) to form a gas plug cavity.

7. The ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped portion further comprises two parallel horizontal planes, which are arranged at the ends where the inclined planes intersect and extend along the direction where the inclined planes intersect to form an extended closing portion of the closed opening (14).

8. The ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning ring (9) comprises a mounting groove, and the mounting portion of the flat-mouth sealing valve body (18) comprises an annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion is accommodated in the mounting groove of the positioning ring (9).

9. The ventilation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning ring (9) further comprises a filtering surface (12), wherein the filtering surface (12) is arranged on a side opposite to the mounting groove, and a plurality of filtering holes (13) are arranged on the filtering surface (12).

10. A brake cylinder, comprising a piston (2), one side of the piston (2) being a sealed chamber (1) and the other side being a non-sealed chamber (3), characterized in that: The brake cylinder adopts the ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images