High-altitude scaffold environment monitoring device and method based on wind energy friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-altitude scaffold environment monitoring device and method based on a wind energy friction nanometer generator, and belongs to the field of high-altitude scaffold environment detection. The device comprises a wind energy friction nanometer generator, an energy management circuit, a sensor for monitoring the environment, a data processing unit and an alarm device, the wind energy friction nanometer generator is installed on a scaffold to collect low-frequency wind energy in the environment and convert the low-frequency wind energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor through the energy management circuit so as to drive the sensor for monitoring the environment. And then, data acquired by the sensor for monitoring the environment is sent to the data processing unit for analysis, the working safety of the scaffold environment is judged according to a preset environment threshold value, and when actual data exceeds a preset range, the alarm device is triggered to give an alarm so as to timely remind a worker that potential safety hazards exist when the scaffold is used in the environment. The safety and stability of a constructor can be effectively improved when the constructor uses the scaffold to work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of high-altitude scaffolding environment detection, and relates to a high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device and method based on a wind energy friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] Scaffolding environment monitoring is an important safety measure. It can monitor the changes in the scaffolding environment in real time, detect abnormalities in time and remind workers to take treatment measures, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the scaffolding and the work safety of construction workers. At present, the sensors for scaffolding environment monitoring on the market use traditional external power supplies, such as batteries. However, these power supplies have disadvantages such as being environmentally unfriendly, high cost, and aging.

[0003] Therefore, a novel high-altitude scaffolding environmental monitoring method is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device and method based on wind energy friction nanogenerator, which is used to effectively monitor the changes in the surrounding environment of the scaffolding and improve the safety and stability of the use of the scaffolding. At the same time, the device is suitable for scaffolding built in various environments and landforms to collect low-frequency wind energy in its environment, and drives the sensor through the energy management circuit to realize the monitoring of its environment, which provides reliable protection for the safe use of the scaffolding and the life safety of the workers.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device based on a wind-powered friction nanogenerator, comprising a wind-powered friction nanogenerator, an energy management circuit, a sensor for monitoring the environment, a data processing unit, and an alarm device;

[0007] The wind energy friction nanogenerator is installed on the scaffolding to collect low-frequency wind energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor through the energy management circuit, thereby driving the sensor for monitoring the environment; then, the data collected by the sensor for monitoring the environment is sent to the data processing unit for analysis, and the working safety of the scaffolding environment is judged according to the preset environmental threshold. When the actual data exceeds the preset range, the alarm device is triggered to sound an alarm, promptly reminding the staff that there are safety hazards when using the scaffolding in this environment.

[0008] Preferably, the wind energy friction nanogenerator comprises a wind driven rotor, a friction power generation unit and a stator; when the wind driven rotor rotates driven by wind force, the friction power generation unit generates electric charge and outputs pulse alternating current;

[0009] The stator comprises a support structure and a bottom disc;

[0010] The wind-driven rotor includes a wind cup, a top disc and a central axis; the central axis passes through the centers of the wind cup, the support structure and the top disc from top to bottom, and is connected to the bottom disc through a bearing; the wind cup rotates under the action of wind force, and drives the top disc to rotate together;

[0011] The friction power generation unit includes a dielectric friction electric layer installed on the lower surface of the top disk, an electrode layer installed on the upper surface of the bottom disk, and a mechanical switch structure.

[0012] Preferably, the dielectric triboelectric layer is installed on the top disk and consists of a group of two sector-shaped units arranged at equal center angles, each unit and the interval angle is 90°, and each sector-shaped unit has a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film fixed on both sides and covering the bottom space of the sector-shaped unit as a triboelectric surface; the film is also sector-shaped and appropriately larger than the unit, so that the middle part of the film can naturally arch up and contact the stator, avoiding hard friction between the film and the stator.

[0013] Preferably, the electrode layer is installed on the bottom disk and consists of two groups of four sector-shaped units spaced 5° apart, each sector-shaped unit fixing a copper foil; each adjacent sector-shaped area has opposite polarity and belongs to a different electrode group; the same group of electrodes spaced apart are connected by a circuit etched on the other side of the bottom disk.

[0014] Preferably, the mechanical switch structure has four pairs of contacts on the bottom disk on one side and a pair of contacts made of a copper ring installed on the top disk on the other side. When the wind cup drives the top disk to rotate one circle, while the FEP film of the dielectric friction electric layer and the copper foil of the electrode layer rub against each other, the top contacts will contact the four pairs of contacts of the bottom disk in turn. Each time there is contact, a pulse voltage will be generated at the output end. When the friction power generation unit rotates one circle, four pulse voltages will appear.

[0015] Preferably, the energy management circuit includes a matching transformer, a fast recovery diode and an energy storage capacitor; when the friction nanogenerator outputs a pulse voltage, energy is input into the primary coil of the matching transformer, thereby forming a changing magnetic field in the transformer, generating an induced voltage in the secondary coil, and inputting the energy into the energy storage capacitor through the fast recovery diode.

[0016] Preferably, the key factor in selecting the matching transformer is to select a magnetic core AP of appropriate size, according to the maximum output energy E of the friction nanogenerator. in Calculated AP 计算值 :

[0017]

[0018] Among them, U in ,I in 、f sw , K u , J and ΔB are the transformer input voltage (V), input current (A), switching frequency (kHZ), window utilization, current density (Amm -2 ) and the change of magnetic flux density (T); P in is the transformer input power, T is the switching period;

[0019] Actual AP value of the core 实际值 The effective cross-sectional area A of the magnetic core e and the core window area A w The product is:

[0020] AP 实际值 =A e ×A w

[0021] The principle of selecting a suitable magnetic core for the matching transformer is: when selecting the AP of the magnetic core 实际值 >AP 计算值 The transformer can fully transfer energy from the input to the output.

[0022] Preferably, when the wind-driven rotor of the wind-energy friction nanogenerator rotates, friction occurs between the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) and the electrode layer (copper foil); when the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) completely overlaps with the first group of electrodes in the electrode layer, the potential difference between the two electrode groups reaches a maximum; at the same time, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are closed, and a pulse current is generated in the external circuit; as the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) rotates, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are disconnected, the external circuit is in an open circuit state, and the wind-energy friction nanogenerator enters a process of energy accumulation; as the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) continues to rotate, when the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) overlaps with the second group of electrodes in the electrode layer, the accumulated energy reaches a maximum, and at the same time, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are closed again, and a reverse pulse current is generated in the external circuit; as the dielectric friction electric layer (FEP film) rotates, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are disconnected, and the wind-energy friction nanogenerator enters the energy accumulation process again; therefore, there are two positive pulse signals and two negative pulse signals in one cycle of the wind-energy friction nanogenerator.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention mainly adopts a friction nanogenerator to adapt to the environment to collect wind energy, and uses an energy management circuit to power the sensor to realize scaffolding environmental monitoring. The friction nanogenerator is a new type of micro-generator that uses the energy generated by friction between materials to generate electricity. It has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, small size, fast response speed, and no need for external power supply. It can effectively prevent the safety and stability of construction workers when working on scaffolding, and has important social and economic significance. Through an efficient energy management circuit to maximize the transmission of the collected energy to the sensor, the changes in the surrounding environment of the scaffolding can be monitored in real time, and by comparing with the environmental threshold, it can be inferred whether the scaffolding supports working in this environment.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is an energy management circuit diagram based on wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wind energy friction nanogenerator on the scaffolding in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of the wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a simulation comparison diagram of the energy management circuit based on the wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention and directly charging a 100μF capacitor without using the energy management circuit;

[0031] Figure numerals: 1-wind cup, 2-support structure, 3-top disc, 4-bottom disc, 5-mechanical switch structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0034] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] See also Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the friction nanogenerator structure designed by the present invention includes a wind-driven rotor, a friction power generation unit and a stator. The stator includes a support structure and a bottom disc; the wind-driven rotor consists of a wind cup, a top disc and a central axis; the support structure and the wind cup are made of acrylic material. The wind cup rotates under the action of wind force, and at the same time drives the top disc to rotate together.

[0036] The triboelectric unit consists of a dielectric triboelectric layer mounted on the top disk, an electrode layer mounted on the bottom disk, and a mechanical switch structure. The top disk and the bottom disk are made of double-sided copper-clad laminate (material: FR-4) etched.

[0037] The dielectric triboelectric layer is installed on the lower surface of the top disk, and is composed of a group of two sector-shaped units arranged at equal center angles. The angle between each unit and the interval is 90°. Each sector-shaped unit has a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film fixed on both sides and covers the bottom space of the unit as a triboelectric surface. The film is also sector-shaped and appropriately larger than the unit, so that the middle part of the film can naturally arch up and contact the stator to avoid hard friction between the film and the stator.

[0038] The electrode layer is installed on the bottom disk, which consists of two groups of 4 sector units spaced 5° apart, with a copper foil fixed to each sector unit. Each adjacent sector area has opposite polarity and belongs to a different electrode group. The same group of electrodes spaced apart are connected through a circuit etched on the other side of the bottom disk.

[0039] One side of the mechanical switch structure is four pairs of contacts on the bottom disk, and the other side is a pair of contacts made of copper rings installed on the top disk. When the wind cup drives the top disk to rotate one circle, while the FEP film and the copper foil are rubbing, the top contacts will contact the four pairs of contacts on the bottom disk in turn. Each time there is contact, a pulse voltage will be generated at the output end. When the friction power generation unit rotates one circle, four pulse voltages will appear.

[0040] Figure 2 The energy management circuit diagram of the wind energy triboelectric nanogenerator in the present invention is composed of a matching transformer, a fast recovery diode and an energy storage capacitor. Its working principle is that when the triboelectric nanogenerator outputs a pulse voltage, energy is input into the primary coil of the transformer, thereby forming a changing magnetic field in the transformer, generating an induced voltage in the secondary coil, and inputting energy into the energy storage capacitor through the fast recovery diode.

[0041] In order to improve the energy transmission efficiency, the present invention uses a matching transformer in the energy management circuit, and the key factor is to select a magnetic core AP of appropriate size. The traditional calculation formula based on the transformer input power is:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, U in , I in , f sw , K u , J and ΔB are input voltage (V), input current (A), switching frequency (kHZ), window utilization, current density (A mm -2 ) and the change in magnetic flux density (T).

[0044] The maximum output energy of the triboelectric nanogenerator, that is, the energy that can be input by the transformer, can be approximated based on its capacitance model:

[0045]

[0046] The relationship between transformer input energy, input power and switching frequency is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] Therefore, the AP calculated based on the maximum energy output of the triboelectric nanogenerator can be 计算值 :

[0049]

[0050] The actual AP value of the core is determined by the effective cross-sectional area (A e ) and the core window area (A w ) multiply to get:

[0051] AP 实际值 =A e ×A w

[0052] The principle of selecting a suitable core for a matching transformer is as follows: 实际值 >AP 计算值 The transformer can fully transfer energy from the input to the output.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wind energy friction nanogenerator on the scaffolding in the present invention.

[0054] The wind energy friction nanogenerator, energy management circuit, and sensor equipment are fixed on the scaffolding. The wind energy is collected by the wind energy friction nanogenerator and converted into electrical energy to power the sensor. Considering the actual requirements of the scaffolding, fixation methods such as clamps or clamping devices, glue or tape fixation, and special integrated structure fixation can be adopted to ensure the normal operation of the wind energy friction nanogenerator on the scaffolding and ensure the accuracy of the sensor's collection of environmental data.

[0055] When low-frequency wind energy (<5ms) is generated in the environment -1 ), the wind acts on the wind cup, which drives the top disc (FEP film) to rub against the bottom disc (copper foil), and outputs AC pulse voltage through the mechanical switch on the device. Through the matching transformer in the energy management circuit, a changing magnetic field is generated in the transformer, thereby generating an induced voltage in the secondary coil, and then the electric energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor through the fast recovery diode, and then the sensor is powered, and finally the sensor data is sent to the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system compares the received data with the preset value. If it exceeds the preset range, an alarm signal is issued to promptly remind the staff that there are safety hazards in the use of scaffolding in this environment, and the construction personnel should stop high-altitude operations as soon as possible to reduce safety hazards.

[0056] Figure 4 The working principle diagram of the wind energy friction nanogenerator is shown in Figure 2. When the wind drives the wind cup to rotate, the dielectric triboelectric layer (FEP film) and the electrode layer (copper foil) rub against each other. When the FEP film completely overlaps with the first electrode group, the potential difference between the two electrode groups reaches the maximum. At the same time, the mechanical switch contacts are closed, generating a pulse current in the external circuit, such as Figure 4 As shown in a. Subsequently, the potential difference of the wind energy friction nanogenerator drops to 0, and the potentials of the two friction surfaces reach equilibrium. As the FEP film continues to rotate, the mechanical switch contacts are immediately disconnected, and the external circuit is in an open circuit state. Therefore, no charge transfer occurs between the two friction surfaces. The wind energy friction nanogenerator of the present invention enters the process of energy accumulation, and the potential difference gradually increases, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in b. As the FEP film continues to rotate, when the FEP film overlaps with the second electrode group, the accumulated energy reaches the maximum again. At the same time, the mechanical switch contacts close again and generate a reverse pulse current in the external circuit, as shown in Figure 4 As shown in Figure c. As the FEP film rotates again, the mechanical switch contacts are disconnected, and the wind energy friction nanogenerator enters the energy accumulation process again, as shown in Figure d. Figure 4 Therefore, there are two positive pulse signals and two negative pulse signals in one cycle of the wind energy friction nanogenerator of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a simulation comparison diagram of the energy management circuit based on the wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention and directly charging a 100μF capacitor without using an energy management circuit. Figure 5 (a) shows the use of the energy management circuit to charge a 100μF capacitor. It can be seen that the capacitor can be charged to 1.715V after the wind energy friction nanogenerator works for 10s. Figure 5 (b) shows the charging of a 100μF capacitor without using an energy management circuit. It can be seen that the capacitor can be charged to 0.502V after the wind energy friction nanogenerator works for 10s. From this simulation result, it can be concluded that charging the capacitor through the energy management circuit is more than 3 times that without the energy management circuit. The use of the energy management circuit improves the energy conversion efficiency of the wind energy friction nanogenerator; at the same time, it also confirms that the wind energy friction nanogenerator in the present invention can convert wind energy into electrical energy through the energy management circuit, and can power subsequent environmental monitoring sensors after working continuously for a period of time.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude scaffolding environmental monitoring device based on wind energy friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: The device includes a wind energy friction nanogenerator, an energy management circuit, a sensor for monitoring the environment, a data processing unit, and an alarm device; The wind energy friction nanogenerator is installed on the scaffolding to collect low-frequency wind energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor through the energy management circuit, thereby driving the sensor for monitoring the environment; then, the data collected by the sensor for monitoring the environment is sent to the data processing unit for analysis, and the working safety of the scaffolding environment is judged according to the preset environmental threshold. When the actual data exceeds the preset range, the alarm device is triggered to sound an alarm, promptly reminding the staff that there are safety hazards when using the scaffolding in this environment.

2. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind energy friction nanogenerator comprises a wind driven rotor, a friction power generation unit and a stator; when the wind driven rotor rotates under the driving force of wind, the friction power generation unit generates electric charge and outputs pulse alternating current; The stator comprises a support structure and a bottom end disc; The wind-driven rotor includes a wind cup, a top disc and a central axis; the central axis passes through the centers of the wind cup, the support structure and the top disc from top to bottom, and is connected to the bottom disc through a bearing; the wind cup rotates under the action of wind force, and drives the top disc to rotate together; The friction power generation unit includes a dielectric friction electric layer installed on the lower surface of the top disk, an electrode layer installed on the upper surface of the bottom disk, and a mechanical switch structure.

3. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The medium triboelectric layer is installed on the top disk and consists of a group of two sector-shaped units arranged at equal center angles. The angle between each unit and the interval is 90°. Each sector-shaped unit has a film fixed on both sides and covers the bottom space of the sector-shaped unit as a triboelectric surface. The film is sector-shaped and appropriately larger than the unit, so that the middle part of the film can naturally arch up and contact the stator to avoid hard friction between the film and the stator.

4. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The electrode layer is installed on the bottom disk and consists of two groups of four sector-shaped units spaced 5° apart, each sector-shaped unit is fixed with a copper foil; each adjacent sector-shaped area has opposite polarity and belongs to a different electrode group; the electrodes of the same group are connected through a circuit etched on the other side of the bottom disk.

5. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mechanical switch structure has four pairs of contacts on the bottom disk on one side and a pair of contacts made of a copper ring installed on the top disk on the other side. When the wind cup drives the top disk to rotate one circle, while the thin film of the dielectric friction layer and the copper foil of the electrode layer rub against each other, the top contacts will contact the four pairs of contacts on the bottom disk in turn. Each time there is contact, a pulse voltage will be generated at the output end. When the friction power generation unit rotates one circle, four pulse voltages will appear.

6. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy management circuit includes a matching transformer, a fast recovery diode and an energy storage capacitor; when the friction nanogenerator outputs a pulse voltage, energy is input into the primary coil of the matching transformer, thereby forming a changing magnetic field in the transformer, generating an induced voltage in the secondary coil, and inputting energy into the energy storage capacitor through the fast recovery diode.

7. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The key factor in selecting the matching transformer is to select the appropriate size of the magnetic core AP according to the maximum output energy E of the friction nanogenerator. in Calculated AP 计算值 : Among them, U in ,I in 、f sw , K u , J and ΔB are the changes of the transformer input voltage, input current, switching frequency, window utilization, current density and magnetic flux density respectively; P in is the transformer input power, T is the switching period; Actual AP value of the core 实际值 The effective cross-sectional area A of the magnetic core e and the core window area A w The product is: AP 实际值 =A e ×A w The principle of selecting a suitable magnetic core for the matching transformer is: when selecting the AP of the magnetic core 实际值 >AP 计算值 The transformer can fully transfer energy from the input to the output.

8. The high-altitude scaffolding environment monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the wind-driven rotor of the wind-powered friction nanogenerator rotates, friction occurs between the dielectric friction layer and the electrode layer; when the dielectric friction layer and the first group of electrodes in the electrode layer completely overlap, the potential difference between the two electrode groups reaches a maximum; at the same time, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are closed, and a pulse current is generated in the external circuit; as the dielectric friction layer rotates, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism are disconnected, the external circuit is in an open circuit state, and the wind-powered friction nanogenerator enters a process of energy accumulation; As the dielectric triboelectric layer continues to rotate, when the dielectric triboelectric layer overlaps with the second set of electrodes in the electrode layer, the accumulated energy reaches a maximum, and at the same time, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism close again, and a reverse pulse current is generated in the external circuit; as the dielectric triboelectric layer rotates, the contacts of the mechanical switch mechanism disconnect, and the wind energy friction nanogenerator enters the energy accumulation process again; Therefore, there are two positive pulse signals and two negative pulse signals in one cycle of the wind energy friction nanogenerator.

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