Concrete temperature monitoring system and concrete structure

Abstract

The invention provides a concrete temperature monitoring system, and relates to the field of concrete temperature detection. The monitoring system comprises a temperature sensing module which comprises a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets embedded in concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet is used for detecting the temperature difference of the concrete and generating and outputting a temperature voltage signal based on the temperature difference of the concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet comprises thermoelectric particles, and the thermoelectric particles are made of a type material and a base material. The type material comprises bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the basic materials comprise river sand, a cementing material, an alkali activator and bismuth telluride powder; the data acquisition module is used for receiving and forwarding the temperature and voltage signals; and the on-site monitoring and forwarding module is used for determining the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature and voltage signals and carrying out on-site monitoring on the concrete temperature difference in real time. According to the invention, intelligent monitoring of collection, early warning, management and analysis of the concrete temperature can be realized, the temperature monitoring is accurate and high in reliability, and the detection device is good in ductility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete temperature detection, and in particular to a concrete temperature monitoring system and a concrete structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid rise of urban infrastructure construction such as long-span bridges, high-rise buildings, nuclear power plants, and reservoir dams, mass concrete has been widely used as an important structural component. Minimizing the temperature cracks of mass concrete is an important part of ensuring the overall safety of urban infrastructure. As people's understanding of mass concrete continues to deepen, more and more experts and scholars believe that it is necessary to introduce certain temperature control and monitoring measures during the construction of mass concrete.

[0003] In the prior art, technicians in this field usually use temperature sensors such as thermometers, thermocouples or optical fiber sensors for detection. Temperature control and monitoring methods have problems such as difficult wiring, poor reliability, low degree of automation, and inability to effectively perform long-term monitoring, which cannot meet the needs of temperature control monitoring of large-volume concrete in bridges. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems in the prior art of temperature control monitoring means such as difficult wiring, poor reliability, low degree of automation and inability to effectively perform long-term monitoring, the present invention provides a concrete temperature monitoring system and a concrete structure. The concrete temperature monitoring system can realize intelligent monitoring of concrete temperature collection, early warning, management and analysis, thereby improving the informatization level of large-scale concrete temperature control monitoring. The temperature monitoring is accurate and reliable, and long-term effective monitoring of large-scale concrete can be realized.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a concrete temperature monitoring system, which comprises: a temperature sensing module, wherein the temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets embedded in concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheets are used to detect the temperature difference of concrete, and generate and output a temperature voltage signal based on the temperature difference of concrete; wherein each geopolymer thermoelectric sheet comprises thermoelectric particles, and the thermoelectric particles are made of a type material and a base material; the type material comprises bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the base material comprises river sand, cementitious material, alkali activator and bismuth telluride powder; a data acquisition module, which is connected to the temperature sensing module, and is used to receive the temperature voltage signal of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet sent from the temperature sensing module, and forward the temperature voltage signal; an on-site monitoring and forwarding module, which is connected to the data acquisition module, and is used to receive the temperature voltage signal forwarded from the data acquisition module, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature voltage signal, and perform on-site monitoring of the concrete temperature difference in real time.

[0006] Furthermore, the concrete temperature monitoring system also includes: a transmission module, which is connected to the on-site monitoring and forwarding module and is used to forward the temperature and voltage signal; a remote monitoring module, which is connected to the transmission module and is used to receive the temperature and voltage signal forwarded from the transmission module, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature and voltage signal, and remotely monitor the concrete temperature difference in real time.

[0007] Furthermore, the temperature sensing module is connected to the data acquisition module via a ZigBee network.

[0008] Further, the thermoelectric particles include P-type thermoelectric particles and N-type thermoelectric particles. When the thermoelectric particles are P-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth antimonide; when the thermoelectric particles are N-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth selenide.

[0009] Furthermore, the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet includes a plurality of P-type thermoelectric particles and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric particles, and the P-type thermoelectric particles and the N-type thermoelectric particles are alternately connected in series.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is between 1:2-4; the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to the alkali activator is between 100:20-35; and the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is between 100:20-40.

[0011] Furthermore, the cementitious material comprises: 70-90wt% of metakaolin, 5-20wt% of slag and 5-10wt% of silica fume.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific surface area of ​​slag is between 600-800m 2 / kg, the residue on a 45μm square sieve is less than 1%, the total content of alumina and silicon dioxide in the slag is greater than or equal to 50wt%; the particle size of silica fume is between 0.1-0.3μm, and the specific surface area is between 15000-30000m 2 / kg.

[0013] Furthermore, the alkali activator includes a mixed solution of a strong alkali solution and a water glass solution; wherein the weight ratio of the strong alkali solution to the water glass solution is between 3:6-8.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a concrete structure, comprising the concrete temperature monitoring system described above.

[0015] Through the technical solution provided by the present invention, the present invention has at least the following technical effects: The concrete temperature monitoring system of the present invention comprises: a temperature sensing module, a data acquisition module and a field monitoring and forwarding module connected in sequence. The temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets embedded in concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheets are used to detect the temperature difference of concrete, and generate and output a temperature voltage signal based on the temperature difference of concrete; wherein each geopolymer thermoelectric sheet comprises thermoelectric particles, and the thermoelectric particles are made of a type material and a base material; the type material comprises bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the base material comprises: river sand, cementitious material, alkali activator and bismuth telluride powder. The material of the thermoelectric particles is similar to that of concrete, and can be buried in concrete and form an integral body with concrete. The thermoelectric particles have high ductility and can extend with the deformation of concrete, and the thermoelectric particles have high compressive strength and can detect the temperature of concrete for a long time, and the thermoelectric particles have high electrical conductivity, which can improve the accuracy of concrete temperature detection. The data acquisition module receives the temperature voltage signal of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet sent from the temperature sensing module and forwards the temperature voltage signal. The on-site monitoring and forwarding module receives the temperature voltage signal forwarded from the data acquisition module, determines the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature voltage signal, and performs on-site monitoring of the concrete temperature difference in real time. Through the concrete temperature monitoring system provided by the present invention, it is possible to realize intelligent monitoring of the collection, early warning, management and analysis of concrete temperature, thereby better improving the information level of large-scale concrete temperature control monitoring, and the temperature monitoring is accurate, reliable, and the detection device has good ductility, which can realize long-term monitoring of large-scale concrete.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a concrete temperature monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a geopolymer thermoelectric sheet in a concrete temperature monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a temperature development curve diagram of the middle layer measuring points in the concrete temperature monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals 1-temperature sensing module; 2-data acquisition module; 3-field monitoring and forwarding module; 4-transmission module; 5-remote monitoring module; 6-geopolymer thermoelectric sheet; 7-P-type thermoelectric particles; 8-N-type thermoelectric particles; 9-ceramic upper substrate; 10-ceramic lower substrate; 11-wire; 12-transmitting module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "up, down, top, bottom" are usually used with reference to the directions shown in the drawings or are used to describe the relative positional relationships of components in the vertical, perpendicular or gravity direction.

[0022] As the background technology, the performance of the existing semiconductor structure is poor.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a concrete temperature monitoring system is provided, which comprises: a temperature sensing module 1, wherein the temperature sensing module 1 comprises a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets 6 embedded in concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheets 6 are used to detect the temperature difference of concrete, and generate and output a temperature voltage signal based on the temperature difference of concrete; wherein each geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6 comprises thermoelectric particles, and the thermoelectric particles are made of a type material and a base material; the type material comprises bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the base material comprises river sand, a cementitious material, an alkali activator and bismuth telluride powder; a data acquisition module 2, which is connected to the temperature sensing module 1, and is used to receive the temperature voltage signal of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6 sent from the temperature sensing module 1, and forward the temperature voltage signal; a field monitoring and forwarding module 3, which is connected to the data acquisition module 2, and is used to receive the temperature voltage signal forwarded from the data acquisition module 2, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature voltage signal, and perform field monitoring of the concrete temperature difference in real time.

[0024] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the concrete temperature monitoring system includes a temperature sensing module 1, a data acquisition module 2 and a field monitoring and forwarding module 3 connected in sequence. The temperature sensing module 1 includes a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets 6, which can be buried in concrete, detect the temperature difference of concrete, and convert the temperature difference of concrete into voltage, and then form a temperature voltage signal, which is wirelessly transmitted to the data acquisition module 2. The function of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6 to convert the temperature difference of concrete into voltage mainly depends on the thermoelectric particles set inside it. The thermoelectric particles are made of type materials and basic materials; the type materials include bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the basic materials include: river sand, cementitious materials, alkali activators and bismuth telluride powder. The material of the thermoelectric particles is similar to that of concrete, and can be buried in concrete and form an integral body with concrete. The thermoelectric particles have high ductility and can extend with the deformation of concrete. The thermoelectric particles have high compressive strength and can detect the temperature of concrete for a long time. The thermoelectric particles have high electrical conductivity and can improve the accuracy of concrete temperature detection.

[0025] The data acquisition module 2 includes a router. After receiving the temperature and voltage signals of the multiple geopolymer thermoelectric sheets 6 of the temperature sensing module 1 through the wireless network, the data acquisition module 2 forwards the temperature and voltage signals to the field monitoring and forwarding module 3. The field monitoring and forwarding module 3 can convert the temperature and voltage signals into the concrete temperature difference to realize the temperature monitoring of the concrete. The field monitoring and forwarding module 3 includes a wireless data receiver, a field monitoring host, a router and a power module. The field monitoring host can be installed with a large volume concrete temperature monitoring software to convert the temperature and voltage signals into the concrete temperature difference, display the concrete temperature in real time, and give an early warning of the concrete temperature.

[0026] The concrete temperature monitoring system provided by the present invention can realize intelligent monitoring of concrete temperature collection, early warning, management and analysis, thereby better improving the information level of large-scale concrete temperature control monitoring. In addition, the temperature monitoring is accurate, reliable, and the detection device has good ductility, which can realize long-term monitoring of large-scale concrete.

[0027] Furthermore, the concrete temperature monitoring system also includes: a transmission module 4, which is connected to the on-site monitoring and forwarding module 3 and is used to forward the temperature voltage signal; a remote monitoring module 5, which is connected to the transmission module 4 and is used to receive the temperature voltage signal forwarded from the transmission module 4, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature voltage signal, and remotely monitor the concrete temperature difference in real time.

[0028] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, if remote monitoring is required, the on-site monitoring and forwarding module 3 can send the temperature and voltage signal to the transmission module 4, and the transmission module 4 forwards the temperature and voltage signal to the remote monitoring module 5, and the remote monitoring module 5 converts the temperature and voltage signal into the concrete temperature difference, and remotely monitors the concrete temperature difference in real time. The temperature and voltage signal is transmitted between the transmission module 4 and the remote monitoring module 5 through the network built by the Internet operator (China Unicom, China Mobile, China Telecom).

[0029] The remote monitoring module 5 is provided with a data server to collect and store temperature and voltage signals transmitted from multiple construction sites. Temperature control experts can log in to the data server through a remote client, browse the concrete temperature difference, grasp the temperature control data in a timely manner, and make temperature control suggestions.

[0030] The concrete temperature monitoring system provided by the present invention can realize remote monitoring of concrete temperature, making it convenient for temperature control experts to grasp temperature control data in a timely manner and make temperature control suggestions.

[0031] Furthermore, the temperature sensing module 1 is connected to the data acquisition module 2 via a ZigBee network.

[0032] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensing module 1 is connected to the data acquisition module 2 via a ZigBee network. In this embodiment, the CC2530 chip can be used to implement data transmission of the ZigBee network. The ZigBee network is suitable for large-scale network deployment and can realize temperature monitoring of large volumes of concrete. The power consumption of ZigBee devices is low and they can run for a long time under battery power supply. The ZigBee network has strong self-organization and self-healing capabilities, and can dynamically establish and maintain the network, thereby improving the reliability of concrete temperature data transmission.

[0033] Further, the thermoelectric particles include P-type thermoelectric particles and N-type thermoelectric particles. When the thermoelectric particles are P-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth antimonide; when the thermoelectric particles are N-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth selenide.

[0034] Furthermore, the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6 includes a plurality of P-type thermoelectric particles and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric particles, and the P-type thermoelectric particles and the N-type thermoelectric particles are alternately connected in series.

[0035] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the thermoelectric particles include P-type thermoelectric particles and N-type thermoelectric particles. When the thermoelectric particles are P-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth antimonide; when the thermoelectric particles are N-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth selenide. A plurality of P-type thermoelectric particles and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric particles are alternately connected in series in the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 In a possible implementation, the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet 6 includes: P-type thermoelectric particles 7, N-type thermoelectric particles 8, a ceramic upper substrate 9, a ceramic upper substrate 10, a wire 11, and a transmitting module 12. The P-type thermoelectric particles 7 and the N-type thermoelectric particles 8 are both long cubes, having a head end and a tail end in the length direction, and the P-type thermoelectric particles 7 and the N-type thermoelectric particles 8 are alternately arranged, and the head end of the first P-type thermoelectric particle 7 is connected to the head end of the first N-type thermoelectric particle 8 through an electrode, and the tail end of the first N-type thermoelectric particle 8 is connected to the tail end of the second P-type thermoelectric particle 7 through an electrode, ..., until it is connected to the last thermoelectric particle, forming a thermoelectric particle group in which the P-type thermoelectric particles 7 and the N-type thermoelectric particles 8 are alternately connected in series, and the thermoelectric particle group can sense the temperature difference of the concrete and convert the temperature difference into a temperature voltage. The ceramic upper substrate 9 is arranged above the electrode at the head end of the thermoelectric particle, and the ceramic upper substrate 10 is arranged below the electrode at the tail end of the thermoelectric particle. The ceramic upper substrate 9 and the ceramic upper substrate 10 are used as insulating media to prevent the thermoelectric particle group from short-circuiting. The wire 11 is welded to the positive and negative ends of the thermoelectric particle group and is connected to the sending module 12. The sending module 12 modulates the temperature voltage into a radio wave and sends it to the router of the data acquisition module 2, and sends it to the field monitoring and forwarding module 3 through the multi-hop transmission of the router.

[0037] Furthermore, the weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is between 1:2-4; the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to the alkali activator is between 100:20-35; and the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is between 100:20-40.

[0038] Furthermore, the cementitious material comprises: 70-90wt% of metakaolin, 5-20wt% of slag and 5-10wt% of silica fume.

[0039] Furthermore, the specific surface area of ​​slag is between 600-800m 2 / kg, the residue on a 45μm square sieve is less than 1%, the total content of alumina and silicon dioxide in the slag is greater than or equal to 50wt%; the particle size of silica fume is between 0.1-0.3μm, and the specific surface area is between 15000-30000m 2 / kg.

[0040] Furthermore, the alkali activator includes a mixed solution of a strong alkali solution and a water glass solution; wherein the weight ratio of the strong alkali solution to the water glass solution is between 3:6-8.

[0041] Such a ratio can not only improve the ductility of thermoelectric particles, allowing the thermoelectric particles to extend along with the deformation of concrete, but also improve the compressive strength of thermoelectric particles, allowing the thermoelectric particles to detect the temperature of concrete for a long time, and can also improve the electrical conductivity of thermoelectric particles and improve the accuracy of concrete temperature detection.

[0042] The preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet includes the following steps: S1: Mixing metakaolin, slag and silica fume, then adding bismuth telluride powder and type material, and finally adding alkali activator; S2: transferring the intermediate material obtained in step S1 into a thermoelectric particle mold for curing, and then demolding and polishing to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: first uniformly electroplating a 6-8 μm nickel layer on the outside of the thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2, and then electroplating a 6-8 μm tin layer to metallize the surface of the thermoelectric particles; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the metal stage groove to cover the upper end of the thermoelectric particles; S7: using the prepared mask to evenly apply solder paste on the copper electrode, then taking out the mask, and then using the previous method of loading thermoelectric particles to load and fix the thermoelectric particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on the heating table and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on the water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to complete the preparation of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the mixing method of step S1 is stirring, the stirring rate is between 300-500 r / min, and the stirring time is between 3-5 min; specifically, the stirring rate can be 300 r / min, 350 r / min, 400 r / min, 450 r / min or 500 r / min; the stirring time can be 3 min, 4 min or 5 min.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the curing temperature in step S2 is between 10-30°C, and the curing time is between 12-36h; specifically, the curing temperature can be 10°C, 20°C or 30°C; the curing time can be 12h, 24h or 36h.

[0045] Example 1: Preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A1: S1: The river sand and the cementitious material were mixed at a rate of 400 r / min for 3 min, and then the polybismuth telluride powder and the new material were added, and finally the alkali activator was added; The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is 1:4, in the cementitious material, the content of kaolin is 70wt%, the content of slag is 20wt%, the content of silica fume is 10wt%, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is 100:20, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is 100:30, and the alkali activator is prepared by mixing 8 mol / L NaOH solution and water glass solution in a weight ratio of 3:7; S2: the intermediate material obtained in step S1 is transferred into an electrode mold and cured at a temperature of 20° C. for 24 hours, and then demolded and polished to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: The thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2 are first uniformly electroplated with a 6-8 μm nickel layer, and then electroplated with a 6-8 μm tin layer to metallize the surface of the thermoelectric particles; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the thermoelectric particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the metal stage groove to cover the upper end of the particles; S7: Use the prepared mask to evenly apply the solder paste on the copper electrode, then take out the mask, and then use the previous method of loading particles to load and fix the particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on the heating table and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the thermoelectric particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on the water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to obtain the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A1.

[0046] S10: placing the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A1 at a predetermined location and pouring concrete.

[0047] Example 2: Preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A2: S1: The river sand and the cementitious material were mixed at a rate of 400 r / min for 3 min, then the bismuth telluride powder and the type material were added, and finally the alkali activator was added; The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is 1:4, in the cementitious material, the content of kaolin is 70wt%, the content of slag is 20wt%, the content of silica fume is 10wt%, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is 100:30, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is 100:30, and the alkali activator is prepared by mixing 8 mol / L NaOH solution and water glass solution in a weight ratio of 3:7; S2: the intermediate material obtained in step S1 is transferred into an electrode mold and cured at a temperature of 10° C. for 36 hours, and then demolded and polished to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: The thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2 are first uniformly electroplated with a 6-8 μm nickel layer, and then electroplated with a 6-8 μm tin layer to metallize the surface of the thermoelectric particles; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the thermoelectric particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the groove of the metal stage and covered on the upper end of the thermoelectric particles; S7: using the prepared mask to evenly apply solder paste on the copper electrode, then taking out the mask, and then using the previous method of loading particles to load and fix the thermoelectric particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on a heating platform and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the thermoelectric particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on a water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to obtain the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A2.

[0048] S10: placing the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A2 at a predetermined location and pouring concrete; Example 3: Preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A3: S1: The river sand and the cementitious material were mixed at a rate of 400 r / min for 3 min, then the bismuth telluride powder and the type material were added, and finally the alkali activator was added; The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is 1:4, in the cementitious material, the content of kaolin is 70wt%, the content of slag is 20wt%, the content of silica fume is 10wt%, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is 100:40, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is 100:30, and the alkali activator is prepared by mixing 8 mol / L NaOH solution and water glass solution in a weight ratio of 3:7; S2: the intermediate material obtained in step S1 is transferred into an electrode mold and cured at a temperature of 30° C. for 12 hours, and then demolded and polished to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: uniformly electroplating the thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2 with a 6-8 μm nickel layer, and then electroplating with a 6-8 μm tin layer, so that the surface of the thermoelectric particles is metallized; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the metal stage groove to cover the upper end of the thermoelectric particles; S7: Use the prepared mask to evenly apply the solder paste on the copper electrode, then take out the mask, and then use the previous method of loading thermoelectric particles to load and fix the particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on the heating table and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the thermoelectric particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on the water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to obtain the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A3.

[0049] S10: placing the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A3 at a predetermined location and pouring concrete; Example 4: Preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A4: S1: The river sand and the cementitious material were mixed at a rate of 400 r / min for 3 min, then the bismuth telluride powder and the type material were added, and finally the alkali activator was added; The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is 1:4, in the cementitious material, the content of kaolin is 80wt%, the content of slag is 20wt%, the content of silica fume is 10wt%, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is 100:30, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is 100:30, and the alkali activator is prepared by mixing 8 mol / L NaOH solution and water glass solution in a weight ratio of 3:7; S2: the intermediate material obtained in step S1 is transferred into an electrode mold and cured at a temperature of 20° C. for 24 hours, and then demolded and polished to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: The thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2 are first uniformly electroplated with a 6-8 μm nickel layer, and then electroplated with a 6-8 μm tin layer to metallize the surface of the thermoelectric particles; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the thermoelectric particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the groove of the metal stage and covered on the upper end of the thermoelectric particles; S7: using the prepared mask to evenly apply solder paste on the copper electrode, then taking out the mask, and then using the previous method of loading thermoelectric particles to load and fix the thermoelectric particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on the heating table and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the thermoelectric particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on the water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to obtain the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A4.

[0050] S10: placing the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A4 at a predetermined location and pouring concrete; Example 5: Preparation of geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A5: S1: The river sand and the cementitious material are mixed at a rate of 400 r / min for 3 min, then the bismuth telluride powder type material is added, and finally the alkali activator is added; The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is 1:4, in the cementitious material, the content of kaolin is 90wt%, the content of slag is 5wt%, the content of silica fume is 5wt%, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is 100:30, the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is 100:30, and the alkali activator is prepared by mixing 8 mol / L NaOH solution and water glass solution in a weight ratio of 3:7; S2: the intermediate material obtained in step S1 is transferred into an electrode mold and cured at a temperature of 30° C. for 24 hours, and then demolded and polished to obtain thermoelectric particles; S3: The thermoelectric particles obtained in step S2 are first uniformly electroplated with a 6-8 μm nickel layer, and then electroplated with a 6-8 μm tin layer to metallize the surface of the thermoelectric particles; S4: placing the copper-clad ceramic lower substrate on a matching metal table, printing lead-free solder, and then placing two layers of molds (the upper mold is turned upside down to fill in P / N type thermoelectric particles respectively, and the lower mold is used to screen P / N type particles to ensure that the two types of particles are not filled incorrectly and are accurately positioned on the copper electrodes of the ceramic substrate), evenly sprinkle one type of thermoelectric particles, and vibrate the mold to make the thermoelectric particles fall accurately into the designated position; S5: remove the upper layer of the mold, remove the excess thermoelectric particles, remove the upper and lower molds, turn them over to the other side and put them back on the metal table, and repeat another thermoelectric particle filling process; S6: After all the thermoelectric particles are filled, the fixed mold is removed, and then the upper substrate is positioned through the groove of the metal stage and covered on the upper end of the thermoelectric particles; S7: using the prepared mask to evenly apply solder paste on the copper electrode, then taking out the mask, and then using the previous method of loading thermoelectric particles to load and fix the thermoelectric particles; S8: After the above process is completed, the entire device is placed on the heating table and fixed, and then the temperature is raised to 350°C to ensure that the temperature of the upper end of the thermoelectric particles reaches the melting temperature of the solder paste. After a period of heat preservation, the entire device together with the fixed mold is placed on the water heat dissipation platform for cooling; S9: Weld the wires to the positive and negative terminals to obtain the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A5.

[0051] S10: placing the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet A5 at a predetermined location and pouring concrete; The above five embodiments are respectively placed at a large-volume concrete pouring site of a bridge cap anchor ingot, and the concrete temperature monitoring system is used throughout the whole process to monitor the temperature of the large-volume concrete of the bridge cap anchor ingot. Figure 3 As shown in Table 1, a total of 168 hours of temperature monitoring data were recorded. Physical performance tests were performed on the embodiment to obtain the data shown in Table 1. 2 *T*σ / K, where S is the Seebeck coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, k is the thermal conductivity, and T is the temperature. Table 1 shows that the compressive strength, electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, ZT value, and output voltage of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheets of Examples 1-5 are all good.

[0052] Table 1

[0053] A second aspect of the present invention provides a concrete structure, comprising the concrete temperature monitoring system described above.

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0056] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A concrete temperature monitoring system, characterized in that: The concrete temperature monitoring system comprises: A temperature sensing module, the temperature sensing module comprises a plurality of geopolymer thermoelectric sheets embedded in concrete; the geopolymer thermoelectric sheets are used to detect the temperature difference of the concrete, and generate and output a temperature voltage signal based on the temperature difference of the concrete; wherein each geopolymer thermoelectric sheet comprises thermoelectric particles, and the thermoelectric particles are made of a type material and a base material; the type material comprises bismuth antimonide or bismuth selenide; the base material comprises: river sand, a gelling material, an alkali activator and bismuth telluride powder; A data acquisition module, connected to the temperature sensing module, for receiving the temperature and voltage signal of the geopolymer thermoelectric sheet sent from the temperature sensing module, and forwarding the temperature and voltage signal; The field monitoring and forwarding module is connected to the data acquisition module, and is used to receive the temperature and voltage signals forwarded from the data acquisition module, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature and voltage signals, and perform field monitoring of the concrete temperature difference in real time.

2. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete temperature monitoring system also includes: A transmission module, connected to the field monitoring and forwarding module, for forwarding temperature and voltage signals; The remote monitoring module is connected to the transmission module and is used to receive the temperature and voltage signals forwarded from the transmission module, determine the concrete temperature difference based on the temperature and voltage signals, and remotely monitor the concrete temperature difference in real time.

3. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensing module is connected to the data acquisition module via a ZigBee network.

4. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoelectric particles include P-type thermoelectric particles and N-type thermoelectric particles. When the thermoelectric particles are P-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth antimonide; when the thermoelectric particles are N-type thermoelectric particles, the type material includes bismuth selenide.

5. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The geopolymer thermoelectric sheet comprises a plurality of P-type thermoelectric particles and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric particles, and the P-type thermoelectric particles and the N-type thermoelectric particles are alternately connected in series.

6. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of river sand to cementitious material is between 1:2-4; the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to alkali activator is between 100:20-35; the weight ratio of the total weight of river sand and cementitious material to bismuth telluride powder is between 100:20-40.

7. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cementitious material comprises: 70-90wt% of metakaolin, 5-20wt% of slag and 5-10wt% of silica fume.

8. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific surface area of ​​slag is between 600-800m 2 / kg, the residue on 45μm square sieve is less than 1%, and the total content of alumina and silica in the slag is greater than or equal to 50wt%; The particle size of silica fume is between 0.1-0.3μm, and the specific surface area is between 15000-30000m 2 / kg.

9. The concrete temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali activator comprises a mixed solution of a strong alkali solution and a water glass solution; wherein the weight ratio of the strong alkali solution to the water glass solution is between 3:6-8.

10. A concrete structure, characterized in that: The concrete structure comprises the concrete temperature monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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