Stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-on-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch

Abstract

The invention relates to a laminated broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-on-fire antenna based on a vanadium dioxide switch, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a first radiation main body, a second radiation main body, a third radiation main body, a vanadium dioxide switch, a strip line, a coaxial feed, a dielectric substrate I and a dielectric substrate II. The first radiation main body and the second radiation main body are equivalent electric dipoles, the third radiation main body is equivalent magnetic dipoles, and the electric dipoles and the magnetic dipoles form complementary antennas and jointly form directional radiation. And the current change of the third radiator is controlled through the working state of the vanadium dioxide switch, so that the frequency switching of the antenna between two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz is realized. The antenna provided by the invention has the advantages of good radiation characteristic, low profile height and compact structure, the antenna frequency is controlled through the vanadium dioxide switch, an additional bias circuit is not needed, and the complexity of antenna design is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on a vanadium dioxide switch, belonging to the technical field of antennas. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, modern communication systems and equipment, including antennas, are moving towards miniaturization. Traditional end-fire antennas have a complex structure, a certain profile height, about a quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency, and a large reflector, which is not suitable for large-area use. At the same time, with the emergence of 5G technology, traditional end-fire antennas can no longer meet the actual application requirements of working in the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the problems and shortcomings of traditional end-fire antennas, the present invention provides a stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on a vanadium dioxide switch. The antenna of the present invention has good radiation characteristics as well as the advantages of a wide operating frequency band, a compact structure, and a low profile height. The use of a vanadium dioxide switch eliminates the need to design a complex bias circuit, reduces the complexity of the antenna, and enables the antenna to switch between the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands while maintaining end-fire radiation characteristics in both frequency bands.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch, comprising a first radiating body 1, a second radiating body 2, a third radiating body 3, a vanadium dioxide switch 4, a strip line 5, a coaxial feed 6, a dielectric substrate I 7, and a dielectric substrate II 8;

[0005] The first radiation body 1 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅰ7; the second radiation body 2 and the third radiation body 3 are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅱ8 respectively; the dielectric substrate Ⅰ7 is superimposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅱ8;

[0006] A vanadium dioxide switch 4 is provided at the slit of the third radiation body 3, and the vanadium dioxide switch 4 includes a switch I 41 and a switch II 42; the third radiation body 3 is connected to the strip line 5;

[0007] The coaxial feed 6 includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected to the strip line 5, and the inner conductor penetrates the dielectric substrate II 8 and is connected to the second radiation body 2.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the first radiating body 1 and the second radiating body 2 are equivalent electric dipoles, and the third radiating body 3 is an equivalent magnetic dipole. The electric dipole and the magnetic dipole constitute complementary antennas to form directional radiation together.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the current change of the third radiator 3 is controlled by the working state of the vanadium dioxide switch 4, so as to realize the frequency switching of the antenna between the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the first radiating body 1 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate I7 ​​is a discontinuous semicircular ring; the second radiating body 2 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate II8 is an F-type dipole, and the third radiating body 3 printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate II8 is a discontinuous semicircular ring.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the first radiation body 1 is loaded with a Z-shaped gap and a rectangular gap at the same time; the third radiation body 3 is loaded with a Z-shaped gap, and the gap angle α=7°.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the second radiating body 2 includes a first radiating arm 21 and a second radiating arm 22; the first radiating arm 21 is loaded with a 4×11 rectangular slot array with a rectangular side length of 0.8 mm; the second radiating arm 22 is loaded with a 5×10 rectangular slot array with a rectangular side length of 0.6 mm.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the dielectric substrate I7 ​​and the dielectric substrate II8 are both made of Rogers 5880 plate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, the loss tangent angle is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the dielectric substrate I7 ​​and the dielectric substrate II8 are pressed plates.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. A stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch adopts a double-layer structure, but has a low profile height, compact structure, and is easy to process and integrate;

[0016] 2. The present invention uses a vanadium dioxide switch to control the two frequency bands of the antenna, without the need to design a complex bias circuit, thus reducing the complexity of the antenna design;

[0017] 3. The working frequency bands covered by the present invention are 2.2-2.44GHz and 4.08-6.42GHz, which can cover the WiFi frequency band and the Sub-6G frequency band, and the working frequency band is wide;

[0018] 4. The present invention has end-fire radiation characteristics formed by complementary electromagnetic dipoles in both working frequency bands;

[0019] 5. In the radiation structure of the present invention, a discontinuous semicircular ring is used as an equivalent magnetic dipole, which reduces the size of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a top view of the first radiation body of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of the second radiation body of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a top view of a third radiation body of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the surface current distribution of one cycle when the antenna of the present invention is in working state I;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the surface current distribution of the antenna of the present invention in one cycle when it is in working state II;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna of the present invention in working state I;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna of the present invention in working state II;

[0028] Fig. 9 is the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention in working state I;

[0029] Fig.10 It is the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention in working state II.

[0030] Figure 1 The numbers in the figure are: 1-first radiation body, 2-second radiation body, 21-first radiation arm, 21-second radiation arm, 3-third radiation body, 4-vanadium dioxide switch, 41-switch I, 42-switch II, 5-strip line, 6-coaxial feed, 7-dielectric substrate I, 8-dielectric substrate II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, a stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch is characterized by comprising a first radiating body 1, a second radiating body 2, a third radiating body 3, a vanadium dioxide switch 4, a strip line 5, a coaxial feed 6, a dielectric substrate I 7, and a dielectric substrate II 8;

[0033] The first radiation body 1 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅰ7; the second radiation body 2 and the third radiation body 3 are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅱ8 respectively, the first radiation body 1 and the second radiation body 2 are equivalent electric dipoles, and the third radiation body 3 is an equivalent magnetic dipole, and the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole constitute complementary antennas to form directional radiation together; the dielectric substrate Ⅰ7 is superimposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate Ⅱ8;

[0034] A vanadium dioxide switch 4 is provided at the slit of the third radiating body 3, and the current change of the third radiating body 3 is controlled by the working state of the vanadium dioxide switch 4, so as to realize the frequency switching of the antenna in the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz; the vanadium dioxide switch 4 includes a switch I 41 and a switch II 42; the third radiating body 3 is connected to the strip line 5;

[0035] The coaxial feed 6 includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected to the strip line 5, and the inner conductor penetrates the dielectric substrate II 8 and is connected to the second radiation body 2.

[0036] As a further solution of the present invention, the first radiating body 1 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate I7 ​​is a discontinuous semicircular ring; the second radiating body 2 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate II8 is an F-type dipole, and the third radiating body 3 printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate II8 is a discontinuous semicircular ring.

[0037] As a further solution of the present invention, the first radiation body 1 is loaded with a Z-shaped gap and a rectangular gap at the same time; the third radiation body 3 is loaded with a Z-shaped gap, and the gap angle α=7°.

[0038] As a further solution of the present invention, the second radiating body 2 includes a first radiating arm 21 and a second radiating arm 22; the first radiating arm 21 is loaded with a 4×11 rectangular slot array with a rectangular side length of 0.8 mm; the second radiating arm 22 is loaded with a 5×10 rectangular slot array with a rectangular side length of 0.6 mm.

[0039] As a further solution of the present invention, the dielectric substrate I7 ​​and the dielectric substrate II8 are both made of Rogers 5880 plate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, the loss tangent angle is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the dielectric substrate I7 ​​and the dielectric substrate II8 are pressed plates.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] The present invention determines the working frequency band of the antenna at 5.8 GHz through the dielectric substrate II, the second radiator 2 and the third radiator 3, loads a rectangular gap on the second radiator 2 to reduce the current of the second radiator 2, and ensures that the surface current of the second radiator 2 and the third radiator 3 are roughly the same; loads a Z-shaped gap on the third radiator 3 to equivalent a magnetic dipole, and the F-type electric dipole is roughly the same as the discontinuous semicircular current, with a phase difference of 180°, which can form an electromagnetic dipole complementary end-fire radiation characteristic.

[0042] The first radiator 1 is printed on the dielectric substrate I to increase the effective current path and reduce the antenna frequency. The dielectric substrate I7 ​​is superimposed on the dielectric substrate II8 to reduce the coupling effect of the first radiator 1 on the second radiator 2 and the third radiator 3, thereby ensuring the complementary end-fire radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic dipole. The structure of the third radiator 3 is controlled by the working state of the vanadium dioxide switch 4 to achieve frequency switching of the antenna in the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz.

[0043] Different shapes of slots are added to the first radiator 1 to improve the impedance matching of the antenna in two frequency bands; Z-shaped slots are added to the third radiator 3 to make the current distribution on the surface of the discontinuous semicircular ring more uniform, so as to be equivalent to a magnetic dipole.

[0044] like Figure 5 When the antenna works at 2.4GHz, at t=0 and t=T / 2, the current on the third radiator 3 is the largest and flows along the discontinuous semicircle, and the current on the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 reaches the minimum value; at t=T / 4 and t=3T / 4, the current on the third radiator 3 is the smallest and does not flow along the discontinuous semicircle, the current on the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 reaches the maximum value, and the current on the first radiator 1 is along the y-axis direction, and the current generated in the x-axis direction on the second radiator 2 cancels each other, leaving only the current along the y-axis direction. Therefore, the electric dipole and the discontinuous semicircle have a phase difference of 90°, and the discontinuous semicircle and the equivalent magnetic dipole have a phase difference of 90°, which satisfies the phase difference for generating a complementary end-fire pattern.

[0045] like Figure 6 When the antenna works at 5.8GHz, at t=0 and t=T / 2, the current on the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 is the largest and flows along the y-axis, and the current on the third radiator 3 is the smallest and does not flow along the discontinuous semicircle; at t=T / 4 and t=3T / 4, the current on the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 is the smallest, and the current on the third radiator 3 is the largest and flows along the discontinuous semicircle. Similar to when the antenna works at 2.4GHz, the phase difference between the electric dipole and the discontinuous semicircle is also 90°, and the antenna meets the phase condition of the complementary electromagnetic dipole to produce an end-fire radiation pattern.

[0046] The on-off combination of the switch in the two working states of the antenna described in this embodiment is shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1

[0048] Working status Switch I Switch II Ⅰ Conductivity Conductivity Ⅱ disconnect disconnect

[0049] like Figure 7 and Fig. 9 When switch Ⅰ 41 and switch Ⅱ 42 are turned on at the same time, the antenna is in working state Ⅰ, the working frequency band of the antenna is 2.2-2.44 GHz, and the 3dB beam width of the antenna on the E plane and the H plane is 168° and 146° respectively.

[0050] like Figure 8 and Fig.10 When switch Ⅰ 41 and switch Ⅱ 42 are disconnected at the same time, the antenna is in working state Ⅱ, the working frequency band of the antenna is 4.08-6.42 GHz, and the 3dB beam width of the antenna on the E plane and the H plane is 86° and 158° respectively.

[0051] In summary, the present invention has good radiation characteristics, a low cross-sectional height and a compact structure. The antenna frequency is controlled by a vanadium dioxide switch, and no additional bias circuit is required, thereby reducing the complexity of the antenna design. The antenna has electromagnetic dipole complementary end-fire radiation characteristics in the two frequency bands controlled by the vanadium dioxide switch.

[0052] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch, characterized in that: It comprises a first radiation body (1), a second radiation body (2), a third radiation body (3), a vanadium dioxide switch (4), a strip line (5), a coaxial feed (6), a dielectric substrate I (7), and a dielectric substrate II (8); The first radiation body (1) is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate I (7); The second radiation body (2) and the third radiation body (3) are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate II (8) respectively; the dielectric substrate I (7) is superimposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate II (8); A vanadium dioxide switch (4) is provided at the slit of the third radiation body (3), and the vanadium dioxide switch (4) comprises a switch I (41) and a switch II (42); the third radiation body (3) is connected to a strip line (5); The coaxial feed (6) comprises an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected to the strip line (5), and the inner conductor penetrates the dielectric substrate II (8) and is connected to the second radiation body (2).

2. According to claim 1, a stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on a vanadium dioxide switch is characterized in that: The first radiating body (1) and the second radiating body (2) are equivalent electric dipoles, and the third radiating body (3) is an equivalent magnetic dipole. The electric dipole and the magnetic dipole constitute complementary antennas and together form directional radiation.

3. The stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current change of the third radiator (3) is controlled by the working state of the vanadium dioxide switch (4), thereby realizing the frequency switching of the antenna between the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz.

4. The stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation body (1) printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate I (7) is a discontinuous semicircular ring; the second radiation body (2) printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate II (8) is an F-type dipole, and the third radiation body (3) printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate II (8) is a discontinuous semicircular ring.

5. The stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first radiation body (1) is loaded with a Z-shaped slit and a rectangular slit at the same time; the third radiation body (3) is loaded with a Z-shaped slit, and the slit opening angle α=7°.

6. The stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second radiation body (2) comprises a first radiation arm (21) and a second radiation arm (22); the first radiation arm (21) is loaded with a 4×11 rectangular slot array, the rectangular side length of which is 0.8 mm; the second radiation arm (22) is loaded with a 5×10 rectangular slot array, the rectangular side length of which is 0.6 mm.

7. The stacked broadband frequency reconfigurable electromagnetic complementary end-fire antenna based on vanadium dioxide switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate I (7) and the dielectric substrate II (8) are both made of Rogers 5880 plate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, the loss tangent angle is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the dielectric substrate I (7) and the dielectric substrate II (8) are pressed plates.

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