Decoration method combining ceramic and lacquer and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of artware preparation, and particularly relates to a ceramic and lacquer combined decoration method and application. The method is a technique for re-creation according to a finished product obtained after ceramic firing, decoration can be carried out according to the fired effect, flaws of the fired finished product can also be decorated, and finally the effect that lacquer and smooth ceramic are firmly colored is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of handicraft preparation, and specifically relates to a decoration method combining ceramics and lacquer and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic products have always been an important material for art, home furnishing and engineering decoration. They have many excellent physical and chemical properties, especially many patterns, rich colors, superior surface texture and many variations, and bright and beautiful decorative effects, which are favored by consumers. With the progress and development of ceramic research and development technology and production technology, ceramic decoration technology is becoming more and more mature, and the surface patterns and colors are becoming more and more abundant, with more layers and colors.

[0003] The glazing process is a kind of ancient ceramic production technology, which refers to the application of glaze slurry on the surface of the formed ceramic body. The main methods include dipping glaze, swinging glaze, pouring glaze, brushing glaze, sprinkling glaze, wheel glaze, etc. Usually, the appropriate glazing method is adopted according to the different shapes and thicknesses of the body. However, no matter which glazing method is used, it is difficult to avoid defects such as bubbling, uneven color, pinholes, and sticking to the bottom of the work glazed with fluid glaze. In addition, due to the different concentrations of the glaze and the thickness of the glaze, it is also easy to make the product glaze color unable to stabilize at the same color level, and even the glaze color is easy to fall off.

[0004] At present, natural lacquer is gradually applied in the decoration of ceramic products. However, the difference between lacquer and glaze is that the main component of lacquer is natural resin, which has a low melting point of only about 220°C, while the melting point of glaze can reach about 1200°C. Therefore, ceramic products decorated with lacquer are not suitable for further firing. Therefore, ceramic products decorated with lacquer generally have poor adhesion of lacquer, and the lacquer is easy to fall off. For example, the patent with publication number CN108030352A and invention name "smooth surface ceramic products decorated with local lacquer and its production process" discloses that lacquer is directly filled into the concave cavity of the ceramic substrate, and the lacquer layer is polished and polished after the lacquer is naturally dried until a smooth surface is presented. However, the lacquer applied in this way has poor adhesion to the ceramic substrate, especially it is easy to fall off after being soaked in water.

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to propose new process methods to improve the decorative effect and quality of the combination of ceramics and lacquer. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a decoration method and application combining ceramics and lacquer, which can partially solve or alleviate the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0007] The present invention provides a process for decorating ceramics with lacquer on one hand.

[0008] A decoration method combining ceramics and lacquer, comprising the following steps: S01: preparing a ceramic substrate, and planning an area to be decorated on the ceramic substrate; S02: grinding the area at a low speed with an electric grinding tool to make a local depression in the ceramic matrix (grinding out a depressed wound surface); during the grinding process, the edge of the area is firstly ground with a fine rotating head, and then a circular or conical rotating head is used to grind out the depressed area; S03: Clean and trim the polished area (remove dust from the surface and surrounding areas); S04: applying an adhesion layer material in the recessed area, wherein the adhesion layer material includes raw lacquer and ash, wherein the mass ratio of the ash in the adhesion layer material is 50%-80%; placing the ceramic substrate coated with the adhesion layer material at a first temperature for a first baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature; the first temperature ranges from 120 to 140° C., and the first baking time is no more than 1 hour; the surface of the baked material is slightly sticky (a person skilled in the art can feel a slightly sticky touch when placing a finger on the surface of the material, and such a slightly sticky touch can be clearly judged by a person skilled in the art); S05: applying lacquer on the adhesive layer material to prepare a first color layer, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a second temperature for a second baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature; the second temperature ranges from 100-120°C, and the second baking time is no more than 1 hour; the surface of the baked material is slightly sticky; S06: applying lacquer on the first color layer to prepare a second color layer, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a third temperature for a third baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature; the third temperature ranges from 100-120°C, and the third baking time is no more than 1 hour; the surface of the baked material is slightly sticky; Wherein, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature; the first baking time is longer than the second baking time; the second temperature is higher than the third temperature; the second baking time is longer than the third baking time; S07: After the painting is completed (after the surface of the material is completely dry), the total height of the painted color layer is higher than the plane of the ceramic substrate, and the color layer is polished with high-grit sandpaper to make the color layer and the surface height of the ceramic substrate basically consistent.

[0009] In some embodiments, the area to be decorated planned on the ceramic substrate may be a defect on the ceramic.

[0010] Further, S06 is repeated to prepare multiple color layers. The number of color layers is no more than 6. In the process of preparing multiple color layers, the baking temperature after painting is not less than 100° C., and the baking time is not less than 40 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the ash material includes tile ash, limestone or silicate cement ash. The ash material and raw lacquer are fully stirred and mixed evenly.

[0012] Furthermore, the ceramic substrate includes unglazed ceramic or defective glazed ceramic.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the unglazed ceramics include unglazed celadon, unglazed white porcelain or unglazed plain porcelain.

[0014] Furthermore, the mesh number of the rotor of the electric grinding tool is 100-500 meshes.

[0015] In some embodiments, the mesh size of the rotor of the electric grinding tool is 100-300 meshes.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the adhesive layer material applied is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the lacquer applied is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer material or the lacquer is 0.2-0.3mm, 0.3-0.4mm or 0.4-0.5mm.

[0019] Furthermore, a diluent may be added to the adhesion layer material or the lacquer to adjust the concentration so that there is no obvious resistance during the brushing process.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the diluent includes high-concentration ethanol or fluid grease; the fluid grease includes kerosene, turpentine or orange oil.

[0021] Furthermore, the mesh number of the sandpaper is not less than 1000 meshes.

[0022] Another aspect of the present invention provides a ceramic handicraft prepared by the above-mentioned decoration method.

[0023] Furthermore, the ceramic handicrafts include practical utensils such as cups, plates or dishes. (Since the lacquer applied by the process of the present invention is color-stable, the prepared ceramic handicrafts can withstand long-term immersion in water).

[0024] Beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a method for firmly coloring lacquer and ceramics and maintaining the bright colors of multiple layers of lacquer for a long time. First, a concave wound surface is created on the surface of the ceramic. The present invention uses a rotary head with a mesh number of 100-500 to grind and obtain a concave wound surface that meets the roughness requirements. When the rotary head mesh number is less than 100 mesh, the concave wound surface is too rough, affecting the subsequent coloring effect; and when the rotary head mesh number is greater than 500 mesh, the concave wound surface is too flat, which is not conducive to the adhesion of subsequent colorants. Secondly, a layer of adhesion layer material with rough particles is filled in the concave part. On the one hand, the particles in the adhesion layer material can fill the tiny missing surface in the wound surface. On the other hand, the raw lacquer in the adhesion layer material and the granular components of the ash therein can also firmly grasp the lacquer of the upper layer, thereby forming a firm adhesion layer between the lacquer and the ceramic substrate. Subsequent experiments have verified that the ceramics decorated by the method of the present invention have a stable color and do not fall off after long-term soaking in water, while the lacquer using the ordinary coloring method can be easily scraped off after soaking in water. Finally, the present invention also adopts a gradient cooling and baking method (see Example 3 for details). On the one hand, this method can make each layer of color material basically dry while remaining slightly sticky, so that it can better adhere to the color material of the previous layer, thereby achieving a firm coloring effect. On the other hand, this gradient cooling and baking method can also ensure that the color material of the lower layer will not be over-baked, so that when the color layer is finally polished to be basically flat with the ceramic substrate, the color exposed in the lower layer can still show a bright and not dull effect.

[0025] 2. The decoration method combining ceramics and lacquer provided by the present invention is a technique for re-creating the finished product after firing ceramics. It can be re-decorated according to the effect of the ceramic products after firing, thereby improving the appearance and artistic value of the ceramic products; it can also be used to decorate the defects of the fired ceramic products, that is, to reprocess and utilize defective ceramics to improve the overall yield rate of ceramic art.

[0026] 3. The ceramic and lacquer decoration method provided by the present invention can achieve long-term color fixation of lacquer and ceramic, and has been verified by experiments to be able to withstand long-term water immersion without fading. Therefore, the decoration method can be widely used in the decoration of practical utensils including cups, saucers or plates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 A flow chart of a decoration method according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of a ceramic product prepared in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A bottom view of a ceramic product prepared in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a coloring method shown in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A real picture of a ceramic product prepared by the coloring method shown in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a picture showing the effect of paint falling off after long-term soaking in water on ceramic handicrafts prepared by the control method; Figure 7 A top view of another handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention; Figure 8 A bottom view of another handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention; Fig. 9 A top view of another handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention; Fig.10 A bottom view of another handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention; Fig.11 A top view of another handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention; Fig.12 The present invention is a bottom view of another kind of handicraft prepared by the decoration method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Herein "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] Herein, "plurality" means two or more than two, ie, it includes two, three, four, five, etc.

[0032] As used in this specification, the term "about" typically means + / - 5% of the stated value, more typically + / - 4% of the stated value, more typically + / - 3% of the stated value, more typically + / - 2% of the stated value, even more typically + / - 1% of the stated value, and even more typically + / - 0.5% of the stated value.

[0033] In this specification, some embodiments may be disclosed in a format of being in a range. It should be understood that this description of "being in a range" is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be interpreted as a rigid limitation on the disclosed range. Therefore, the description of the range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and independent numerical values ​​within this range. For example, the description of the range 1-6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as individual numbers within this range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Regardless of the breadth of the range, the above rules apply.

[0034] Definition of noun: The "lacquer" mentioned in the present invention refers to the oily liquid extracted from the lacquer tree, which is a raw material for making lacquerware and dyeing.

[0035] The "raw lacquer" mentioned in the present invention refers to the material after the lacquer has been initially processed, including filtering, clarifying, heating and other processes to make the lacquer juice purer and more transparent and remove impurities and excess water therein.

[0036] Example 1 This embodiment provides a process for decorating ceramics with lacquer.

[0037] S01: preparing a ceramic substrate, and planning an area to be decorated on the ceramic substrate; S02: grinding the area at a low speed with an electric grinding tool to make a local depression in the ceramic substrate; the grinding process is to first grind the edge of the area with a fine rotor, and then grind out the depressed area with a circular or conical rotor; the mesh number of the rotor of the electric grinding tool is 100-500 mesh (CW); S03: Clean and trim the polished area, including brushing off the excess dust on the surface or around it or trimming the polished area again with high-grit sandpaper; S04: applying an adhesion layer material in the recessed area, with a coating thickness of less than or equal to 0.5 mm, wherein the adhesion layer material comprises raw lacquer and ash, wherein the mass ratio of the ash in the adhesion layer material is 50%-80%; placing the ceramic substrate coated with the adhesion layer material at a first temperature for a first baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature, wherein the surface of the material has a slightly sticky touch after cooling (a person skilled in the art can feel the slightly sticky touch by placing a finger on the surface of the material, and such a slightly sticky touch can be clearly judged by a person skilled in the art); S05: applying lacquer on the adhesion layer material to prepare a first color layer, with a coating thickness of less than or equal to 0.5 mm, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a second temperature for a second baking, and cooling naturally at room temperature, and the surface of the material has a slightly sticky touch after cooling; S06: applying lacquer on the first color layer to prepare a second color layer, with a coating thickness of less than or equal to 0.5 mm, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a third temperature for a third baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature, and the surface of the material has a slightly sticky touch after cooling; repeating this step of applying lacquer to prepare multiple color layers, and baking after each application of lacquer. In the process of preparing multiple color layers, the baking temperature after applying lacquer is not less than 100° C., and the baking time is at least not less than 40 minutes; S07: After applying the last layer of lacquer, the height of the applied color layer is higher than the plane of the ceramic substrate. After the surface of the material is completely dry, the color layer is polished with sandpaper of 1000 mesh (CW) or above to make the color layer and the surface height of the ceramic substrate basically consistent, thereby obtaining the final product. Figure 1 .

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment provides a specific example of decorating ceramics with lacquer.

[0039] S01: Prepare the unglazed celadon base and plan the area to be decorated on it.

[0040] S02: grinding the area with an electric grinder (DEMEL micro electric grinder, 110V / 230V, 50 / 60Hz, 180W, gear set to gear 1) to make a local depression in the ceramic substrate; the grinding process is to first grind the edge of the area with a 100-mesh circular fine rotor, and then grind out the depressed area with a 300-mesh conical rotor; S03: Use a brush to remove excess dust.

[0041] S04: Apply an adhesion layer material in the recessed area with a thickness of about 0.3-0.5 mm, wherein the adhesion layer material comprises raw lacquer, tile ash and a small amount of ethanol (95%), wherein the mass ratio of the tile ash in the adhesion layer material is about 70%; bake the ceramic substrate coated with the adhesion layer material at 140°C for 50 minutes; cool naturally at room temperature, and after cooling, the surface of the material feels slightly sticky when touched by a finger.

[0042] S05: applying lacquer on the adhesion layer material to prepare a first color layer, with a coating thickness of about 0.3-0.4 mm, and baking the painted ceramic substrate at 120° C. for 50 minutes; cooling naturally at room temperature, and after cooling, the surface of the material feels slightly sticky when touched by a finger; S06: Apply lacquer on the first color layer to prepare a second color layer, with a coating thickness of about 0.3-0.4 mm, and the overall height of the painted color layer is higher than the plane of the ceramic substrate; bake the painted ceramic substrate at 110° C. for 40 minutes, and then place it at room temperature until it is completely dry.

[0043] S07: After the surface of the material is completely dry, the color layer is polished with sandpaper of 1000 mesh (CW) or above, so that the color layer and the surface height of the ceramic substrate are basically consistent, and the final product is obtained. Figure 2-Figure 3 .

[0044] Example 3 This embodiment provides an example of the lacquer coloring method of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, 10 represents the concave area that appears on the ceramic substrate due to local grinding, and 11 represents the plane of the ceramic substrate. It can be understood that at this time, the adhesion layer material has been applied in the concave area 10. 20 represents the first layer of lacquer (first color layer) applied, 21 represents the second layer of lacquer (second color layer) applied, 22 represents the third layer of lacquer (third color layer) applied, and the following curves are analogous. It can be understood that the application of each layer of lacquer is not necessarily regular and flat, and can be done by local thickening or even spot coating. Each layer of lacquer needs to be baked at a specific temperature. The later the lacquer is applied, the lower the baking temperature and the shorter the time. This is to ensure that the lacquer applied first is not over-baked and the color is dark.

[0046] After the last coat of lacquer is applied and baked, leave it at room temperature for at least 24 hours to ensure thorough drying. Then use high-grit sandpaper to Figure 4 The dotted line shown is polished. The color layer that is higher than the plane of the ceramic substrate is polished off. At this time, multiple color blocks can appear on the ceramic substrate. Figure 5 .

[0047] A specific example of applying material to the recessed area 10 formed by local grinding on the ceramic substrate and then baking the material is shown below.

[0048] Table 1 Example 4 This embodiment first provides a lacquer-decorated ceramic prepared by a control method, and the specific method is as follows.

[0049] S01: Prepare unglazed white porcelain substrate.

[0050] S02: Apply lacquer on the white porcelain substrate to prepare a first color layer with a thickness of about 0.3-0.4 mm, and place the painted ceramic substrate at room temperature to dry naturally.

[0051] S03: Apply lacquer on the first color layer to prepare a second color layer, with a coating thickness of about 0.3-0.4 mm, and place the painted ceramic substrate at room temperature to dry naturally.

[0052] 20 ceramic products prepared by the above method and 30 ceramic products prepared in Example 2 were immersed in water at room temperature for 30 days. Samples were taken for testing on the 7th day, 15th day and 30th day to observe the paint shedding. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2 Figure 6 The actual picture shows that the paint of two samples in the control method group fell off when tested on the 15th day; while the paint of all ceramic samples prepared in Example 2 was stable and complete, and the appearance did not change.

[0054] It is to be understood that the preparation method shown in the above embodiment is only a specific example. According to the method of the embodiment, ceramic products decorated with lacquer in other colors and shapes can also be prepared. Figure 7-Figure 12 .

[0055] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0056] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decoration method combining ceramics and lacquer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S01: preparing a ceramic substrate, and planning an area to be decorated on the ceramic substrate; S02: grinding the area at a low speed with an electric grinding tool to make a local depression in the ceramic substrate; during the grinding process, the edge of the area is firstly ground with a fine rotary head, and then the depression area is ground with a circular or conical rotary head; S03: Clean and trim the polished area; S04: applying an adhesion layer material to the recessed area, wherein the adhesion layer material includes raw lacquer and ash, wherein the mass ratio of the ash in the adhesion layer material is 50%-80%; placing the ceramic substrate coated with the adhesion layer material at a first temperature for a first baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature; the first temperature ranges from 120 to 140° C., and the first baking time is no more than 1 hour; S05: applying lacquer on the adhesive layer material to prepare a first color layer, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a second temperature for a second baking, and cooling naturally at room temperature; the second temperature ranges from 100 to 120° C., and the second baking time is no more than 1 hour; S06: applying lacquer on the first color layer to prepare a second color layer, placing the painted ceramic substrate at a third temperature for a third baking, and naturally cooling at room temperature; the third temperature ranges from 100 to 120° C., and the third baking time is no more than 1 hour; Wherein, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature; the first baking time is longer than the second baking time; the second temperature is higher than the third temperature; the second baking time is longer than the third baking time; S07: Finish painting so that the total height of the painted color layer is higher than the plane of the ceramic substrate, and grind the color layer with high-grit sandpaper so that the color layer and the surface height of the ceramic substrate are basically consistent.

2. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Repeat S06 to prepare multiple color layers.

3. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash material includes tile ash, limestone or silicate cement ash.

4. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic substrate includes unglazed ceramic or defective glazed ceramic.

5. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh number of the rotary head of the electric grinding tool is 100-500 meshes.

6. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the adhesive layer material applied is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

7. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the lacquer applied is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

8. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diluent may be added to the adhesion layer material or the lacquer to adjust the concentration so that there is no obvious resistance during brushing.

9. The decoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh number of the sandpaper is not less than 1000 meshes.

10. A ceramic handicraft prepared by the decoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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