Preparation technology and use method of lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 carbon nanosphere particles

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation technology and a use method of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 carbon nanosphere particles, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil. The fullerene C60 carbon nanosphere particles serve as the main component of the lubricating oil additive, the unique advantage that the C60 spherical morphology is low in rolling friction coefficient is utilized, the friction reduction and resistance reduction effects are achieved, and meanwhile the compressive strength is high; the additive containing the fullerene C60 carbon nanosphere particles is high in viscosity, a lubricating oil film formed in the hole shaft lubricating process is high in thickness, and the protection performance on a hole shaft friction pair is good. The additive and basic lubricating oil are effectively prepared, so that the lubricating effect is obviously improved, frictional wear is reduced, and the additive is clean and pollution-free.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular relates to a preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of science and technology, the field of motor vehicles has also ushered in new changes, and the power performance, service life, economy and environmental protection of motor vehicles have received extensive attention. The transmission system and various transmission parts of motor vehicles, such as transmissions and differentials, cannot do without lubricants.

[0003] Friction will cause a large loss of mechanical energy, and wear is an important cause of failure of mechanical parts. The economic losses caused by parts failure due to friction and wear each year account for 1 / 3 of the world's disposable energy. How to reduce the economic losses caused by friction and wear is an important social and economic benefit issue.

[0004] Lubrication is particularly critical in motor vehicles, which also puts higher requirements on lubricants. In order to improve lubrication conditions and reduce friction losses and fuel consumption, in addition to continuously iteratively optimizing the base lubricant, the use of high-quality lubricant additives is also an effective way. Often, adding a certain amount of additives to the lubricant can greatly improve the performance of the lubricant. Traditional lubricant additives are mainly sulfur, phosphorus and chlorine, but these additives have obvious disadvantages such as corroding friction pair materials and generating waste materials to pollute the environment. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop a new type of efficient and environmentally friendly lubricant additive.

[0005] With the development of nanotechnology, the research on the use of nanomaterials in lubricating oil additives has also been continuously developed. CN109810773A discloses a lubricating oil modifier, which is a spherical / elliptical spherical micro-nanoscale particle, and the interior of the particle is a nano-mesoporous pore structure. The lubricating oil modifier uses the extremely low rolling friction coefficient of spherical objects to reduce the friction coefficient of the workpiece and extend the service life of the modified lubricating oil. The selected aerogel or nanoporous material is specifically a mixture of one or more inorganic oxide aerogels, metal oxide aerogels, volcanic rocks, molecular sieves, organic aerogels, carbon aerogels, cellulose aerogels, and metal organic compound nanoporous materials. Grind into spherical particles. CN109054960A discloses a friction modifier containing nano-mesoporous carbon, especially using spherical and cylindrical mesoporous carbon, which can change sliding friction into rolling friction during the friction process, synergize with nano-artificial graphite, form a stable and long-lasting physical adsorption protective film, effectively reduce the friction coefficient, and reduce wear. However, existing lubricant additives still have problems. They cannot comprehensively reduce friction and wear, improve lubrication effects, and other technical problems when added in small amounts. In view of this, a lubricant additive containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles has been developed.

[0006] Fullerene C60 nano-carbon spheres were first discovered by scientists Kroto and others in 1985. Kroto predicted that fullerene C60 nano-carbon spheres could become "super lubricants". Its structure is a spherical molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms. This molecule has the highest symmetry and roundness in three-dimensional space. This high degree of symmetry allows the carbon atoms on the spherical surface to share a certain amount of external pressure, so it has good mechanical properties. Its special spherical structure is conducive to reducing friction. Therefore, fullerene C60 nano-carbon spheres are an ideal lubricant additive material. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation technology and use method of a lubricant additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles in view of the many defects and shortcomings of existing lubricant additives. The invention aims to improve the lubrication performance of lubricants, reduce friction and wear, extend the service life of mechanical equipment, and meet environmental protection requirements by adding fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles.

[0008] The present invention discloses a preparation technology and a use method of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Use lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive: Use lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive as lubricating oil for the hole and pin of the differential planetary gear, apply it between the rotating hole and pin of the differential planetary gear, and form a thick and dense oil film during the hole-shaft lubrication process, which has strong protective effect on the hole-shaft friction pair.

[0010] By concentration: Fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles 0.002% to 0.038%, base lubricant 98.00% to 99.48%, dispersant 0.50% to 2.00%; the proportion of fullerene C60 nano carbon spheres is adjusted according to the lubrication requirements under specific working conditions;

[0011] The base lubricating oil, which can also be called lubricating oil base oil, is engine oil, differential oil, etc. The base lubricating oil is selected from base oil and conventional lubricating oil. The base oil is natural lubricating oil or synthetic lubricating oil. Conventional lubricating oil refers to lubricating oil containing some conventional additives such as antioxidants, pour point depressants and antifoaming agents but does not contain fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additives;

[0012] The powdered C60 particles are mixed and stirred with three types of base oils, coupling agents, rust inhibitors and antioxidants in a certain proportion to prepare a stable additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles.

[0013] The fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles have a completely symmetrical structure, have rigid molecular ball characteristics, have a diameter of about 0.71 nm, and the molecule is composed of 60 carbon atoms, presents a highly symmetrical hollow spherical structure, and has high compressive strength.

[0014] Fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles are the main component of lubricating oil additives. They take advantage of the unique advantage of C60's spherical morphology and low rolling friction coefficient to reduce friction and resistance, while also having high compressive strength. The fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive has high viscosity, and the lubricating oil film formed during the hole-shaft lubrication process is thick, providing good protection for the hole-shaft friction pair.

[0015] The specific method of using the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive as the lubricating oil for the center hole and the pin shaft of the differential planetary wheel and applying it between the center hole and the pin shaft of the rotating differential planetary wheel is as follows: first, lift the vehicle and find the drain screw and the oil filling screw under the differential; first, unscrew the drain screw to let the old lubricating oil completely drain out, and clean the drain port and the screw; then tighten the drain screw, then unscrew the oil filling screw, use a special oiler to add the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere additive to the hole-shaft gap that needs lubrication, finally tighten the oil filling screw, and check whether there is oil leakage; the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive has a high viscosity, can form a thick and dense oil film between the friction pairs in the shaft gap, and has a strong protective effect on the hole-shaft friction pair; the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive can reduce friction and resistance, so that the lubrication effect is significantly improved, friction and wear can be reduced, and the service life can be extended.

[0016] The method for preparing a lubricating oil containing a fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive provided by the present invention has a simple process and is easy for large-scale industrial production. The base lubricating oil and the additive are fully mixed through mixing and stirring, and the components are evenly integrated. The obtained lubricating oil containing a fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive has more stable performance.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention adds an additive containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles into a base lubricating oil and stirs and mixes the mixture until it is uniformly dispersed, thereby achieving uniform dispersion of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles, and can exert the lubrication performance of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon spheres to the greatest extent; the fullerene C60 nano-carbon spheres have a completely symmetrical ball structure, and have the unique advantage of a low rolling friction coefficient of the ball-shaped structure, which can reduce friction and resistance, thereby significantly improving the lubrication effect, and can also improve the lubrication effect, reduce friction and wear, and extend the service life; the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles have a hollow spherical structure, and will not break or deform under high-pressure conditions, and the lubricating oil to which the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive is added has the characteristic of high compressive strength; the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive has a high viscosity, and the oil film formed during the hole-shaft lubrication process is thick and dense, and has a strong protective effect on the hole-shaft friction pair.

[0019] 2. Fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles are used as additives with a single ingredient, which can improve the operating stability and safety of mechanical equipment under harsh working conditions; when the addition amount is only 0.1‰, the friction coefficient can be reduced by about 69.2%, which is much higher than the friction reduction effect of other additives under the same addition amount, and can achieve a small amount of efficient lubrication.

[0020] 3. The preparation method of the lubricating oil in the present invention has simple process, low cost, safety and environmental protection, is easy to realize industrial production, and has broad market application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lubrication process of applying lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon ball additive between the hole and the pin of the rotating differential planetary gear;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the friction and wear testing machine;

[0023] Figure 3 The relationship between the addition of different concentrations of fullerene C60 nanocarbon particles and their corresponding average friction coefficient under the conditions of temperature 25℃, rotation speed 200, 30min, 300N;

[0024] Figure 4 Comparison of friction and wear scar results under base lubricant and lubricant containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive. (a) is the wear scar morphology under base lubricant condition; (b) is the wear scar morphology under the condition of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive; (c) is the 3D wear scar morphology under base lubricant condition; (d) is the 3D wear scar morphology under the condition of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. On the contrary, the present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

[0026] The raw materials for preparing the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles are easily available and can be commercially available products. Among them, the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles can be commercially available fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles, and the lubricating oil can be any common base lubricating oil on the market.

[0027] A preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles, wherein fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles with a completely symmetrical structure are added to the additive, and the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles have rigid molecular ball characteristics.

[0028] The particle diameter of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere is about 0.71 nm, and the molecule is in a hollow spherical structure.

[0029] Fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles have high compressive strength and can withstand a friction surface pressure of several hundred GPa after a static pressure friction test. Fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles are also resistant to high temperatures, and their carbon cage structure molecules have high thermal stability, with a melting point of over 3000°C. The morphology of fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles is a completely symmetrical ball structure, which has the unique advantage of low rolling friction coefficient of ball spherical structure, and can improve the anti-friction and anti-wear ability of lubricating oil; fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles are highly symmetrical and will not break or deform under high pressure conditions. Lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additives has the characteristics of high compressive strength; lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additives has high viscosity, and a thick and dense oil film is formed between the friction pairs, which has strong protection for the friction pair surface; the kinematic viscosity (40ºC) of fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additives is 747.9mm² / s, and the kinematic viscosity (100ºC) is 89.48mm² / s; it performs well in corrosion experiments (for cast iron, copper, LY12 aluminum, 45# steel); no harmful substances are found in environmental certification, which can reduce environmental pollution and ensure the health of operators.

[0030] The fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is prepared by mixing powdered C60 particles with three types of base oil, a coupling agent, a rust inhibitor, and an antioxidant in a certain proportion to obtain a stable fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive.

[0031] The method of using the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive is as follows: the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles is composed of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive, a dispersant and a base lubricating oil. The base lubricating oil, the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive and the dispersant are mixed by electromagnetic stirring for 45 minutes according to the concentration under normal temperature conditions, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 1-3 hours until the additive is evenly mixed in the base lubricating oil, so as to prepare a stable lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles.

[0032] The lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is characterized by:

[0033] Fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles 0.002% to 0.038%;

[0034] Base lubricant 98.00%~99.48%;

[0035] Dispersant 0.50%~2.00%.

[0036] The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) preparing the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive by mixing and stirring;

[0038] 2) The lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is used as the lubricating oil for the center hole and the pin of the differential planetary gear, and is applied between the center hole and the pin of the rotating differential planetary gear.

[0039] In step 1), the step of preparing the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive may be: electromagnetically stirring and mixing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive, the dispersant, and the base lubricating oil in proportion under normal temperature conditions, and ultrasonically vibrating the additive until the additive is uniformly mixed in the base lubricating oil to prepare a stable lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive. The electromagnetic stirring mixing time is 45 minutes. The ultrasonic vibration time is 1 to 3 hours.

[0040] In step 2), the lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is used as lubricating oil for the differential planetary gear center hole and pin shaft, and is applied between the differential planetary gear center hole and the pin shaft, the lubrication effect is significantly improved, the friction and wear of the gear shaft can be reduced, and the service life can be extended.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lubrication process of applying lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon ball additive between the hole and the pin of the rotating differential planetary gear; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the friction and wear testing machine.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The base lubricant (gearbox oil), fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere additive and dispersant were mixed according to the concentration ratio, wherein the concentration of fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles was 0.002%, the concentration of the base lubricant was 99.48%, and the concentration of the dispersant was 0.50%. The mixture was mixed by electromagnetic stirring for 45 minutes at room temperature, and then subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment for 1 hour to prepare a stable lubricant containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive. The prepared lubricant was added to the gearbox gear for lubrication test. The results showed that the friction coefficient was significantly reduced and the lubrication effect was significantly improved.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The base lubricating oil (gear oil), fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere additive and dispersant were mixed according to the concentration ratio, wherein the concentration of fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles was 0.038%, the concentration of the base lubricating oil was 98.00%, and the concentration of the dispersant was 2.00%. The electromagnetic stirring and mixing were carried out at room temperature for 45 minutes, and then ultrasonic vibration treatment was carried out for 3 hours to prepare a stable lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive. The prepared lubricating oil was added to the gear lubrication and lubrication test was carried out. The results showed that the working friction coefficient of the gear was significantly reduced, the wear was reduced, and the service life was extended.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The base lubricating oil (liquid paraffin), fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere additive and dispersant are mixed according to the concentration ratio, wherein the concentration of fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles is 0.020%, the concentration of the base lubricating oil is 99.00%, and the concentration of the dispersant is 1.00%. Ultrasonication is performed for 5 minutes at room temperature, and then the temperature is raised to and then ultrasonicated for 60 minutes, and fullerene C60 powder / liquid paraffin is added, and then magnetic stirring is performed to prepare a stable lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive.

[0048] The prepared lubricating oil was subjected to lubrication tests. The results showed that it can effectively improve tribological properties, reduce abrasive wear, and facilitate the formation of oil film, thereby further improving lubrication.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to verify the technical effect of the present invention, the following group experiments were conducted.

[0050] Experimental Example 1

[0051] Base lubricant, lubricant containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive.

[0052] Group 1: base lubricant;

[0053] Group 2: Lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive.

[0054] After the running-in process on the transmission assembly life test bench, the test oil temperature was 75℃-85℃, the input speed was 5939rpm, the input torque was 365N·m, the test was divided into 10 cycles, the test time was 9h24min, and the base lubricant and the lubricant containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive were compared to record the wear amount of the shaft connected to the transmission gearbox.

[0055] Table 1 Measured wear amount

[0056]

[0057] As can be seen from Table 1, the lubricating oil with the addition of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive has a significantly reduced wear amount compared to the base lubricating oil without the addition, indicating that the addition of the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive has a good friction reduction effect.

[0058] Experimental Example 2

[0059] Fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive, base lubricating oil, lubricating oil with fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive in different proportions.

[0060] Group 1: lubricating oil + 0‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles;

[0061] Group 2: lubricating oil + 0.1‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon particles;

[0062] Group 3: lubricating oil + 0.2‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles;

[0063] Group 4: lubricating oil + 0.3‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles;

[0064] Group 5: lubricating oil + 0.4‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles;

[0065] Group 6: lubricating oil + 0.5‰ fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles;

[0066] The percentage of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles is the concentration of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles in the lubricating oil containing the additive.

[0067] The friction and wear test machine test was carried out. The test temperature was 25℃, the upper ball speed was 200 rpm, the test time was 30min, the fixed load was 300N, the test material was GCr15, and the ball-disc friction and wear test was carried out. The measured friction coefficient is shown in the table.

[0068] Table 2 Average friction coefficient measured

[0069]

[0070] It can be seen from Table 2 that when the addition amount of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles is only 0.1‰, the average friction coefficient is 31.1% of that without adding fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles, and as the addition amount further increases to 0.2‰, 0.3‰, 0.4‰, and 0.5‰, the average friction coefficient value is almost stable, which is 31% of that without adding. When the addition amount is 0.3‰, the average friction coefficient is the smallest, which is 0.0871. It can be seen that fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particles have a significant effect on the performance of lubricating oil. Figure 3 This is the relationship between the addition of different concentrations of fullerene C60 nanocarbon particles and their corresponding average friction coefficient under the conditions of temperature 25°C, rotation speed 200, 30min, and 300N. Figure 4 Comparison of friction and wear scar results under base lubricant and lubricant containing fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive. Among them, (a) is the wear scar morphology under base lubricant condition; (b) is the wear scar morphology under the condition of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive; (c) is the 3D wear scar morphology under base lubricant condition; (d) is the 3D wear scar morphology under the condition of fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive. Figure 4 It can be seen that the wear scar becomes significantly shallower and narrower after adding fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere particles.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles, characterized in that: Fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles with a completely symmetrical structure are added into the additives, and the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles have the characteristics of rigid molecular rolling balls.

2. The preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The particle diameter of the fullerene C60 nanocarbon sphere is about 0.71 nm, the molecule is a hollow spherical structure, and has high compressive strength.

3. A preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by adding a fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive and a dispersant into a base lubricating oil and mixing and stirring.

4. A preparation technology of a lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: By concentration: Fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles 0.002%~0.038%, base lubricating oil 98.00%~99.48%, dispersant 0.50%~2.00%.

5. The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) preparing a lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive as claimed in claim 3 by mixing and stirring; 2) The lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is used as the lubricating oil for the center hole and the pin of the differential planetary gear, and is applied between the center hole and the pin of the rotating differential planetary gear.

6. The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that In step 1), the step of preparing the lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive can be: electromagnetically stirring and mixing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive, dispersant, and base lubricating oil in proportion under room temperature conditions, and ultrasonically vibrating until the additive is evenly mixed in the base lubricating oil to prepare a stable lubricating oil containing the fullerene C60 nano-carbon sphere particle additive.

7. The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The electromagnetic stirring mixing time is 45 minutes.

8. The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The ultrasonic vibration time is 1 to 3 hours.

9. The method for using the lubricating oil additive containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particles as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that In step 2), the lubricating oil containing fullerene C60 nano carbon sphere particle additive is used as lubricating oil for the differential planetary gear center hole and pin shaft, and is applied between the differential planetary gear center hole and the pin shaft, the lubrication effect is significantly improved, the friction and wear of the gear shaft can be reduced, and the service life can be extended.

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