Anti-balling PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) bit

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-balling PDC drill bit, and belongs to the technical field of exploration equipment. Comprising a PDC drill bit body, an auxiliary rod, a drill rod and an adjusting and adapting assembly which are sequentially connected. Spiral blades are arranged on the outer wall of a rod body of the auxiliary rod, and the spiral direction of the spiral blades is the same as that of the spiral blades of the PDC drill bit body; the adjusting and adapting assembly comprises a sliding sleeve and an adapting ring which are connected, and the adapting ring is matched with the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body. The sliding sleeve is arranged on the drill rod in a sliding and sleeving mode in the axial direction of the drill rod so that the adaptive ring can reciprocate between the first position and the second position. In the first position, the adaptive ring slidably sleeves and abuts against the outer wall of the auxiliary rod, and the adaptive ring abuts against the side, close to the drill rod, of the spiral blade; and in the second position, the adaptive ring surrounds the drill rod in a spaced mode, and a material passing gap channel for rock debris to pass through is formed between the adaptive ring and the drill rod. By additionally arranging the auxiliary rod and the adjusting and adapting assembly, the problem that impurities such as rock debris in a drill hole settle and wrap the PDC drill bit body can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of exploration equipment, and in particular to an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling operation, the PDC drill bit contacts the rock and breaks it by cutting and impacting. As the mining depth increases, the geological structure becomes more and more complex, and there are more and more complex situations. In addition, there may be unexpected external situations, which may cause temporary suspension of the drilling process.

[0003] The faster the PDC drill bit is, the faster it will be pushed down and the slower it will be pushed away. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit, which can improve the problem of impurities such as cuttings in the borehole settling and wrapping around the PDC drill bit body.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: The embodiment of the present application provides an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit, including a PDC drill bit body, a drill rod, an auxiliary rod, and an adjustment adapter assembly; A nozzle is provided at the end of the PDC drill bit body, and a plurality of spiral blades are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the PDC drill bit body, and the spiral blades are connected with cutting teeth; The outer diameter of the drill pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body; The auxiliary rod is connected between the drill rod and the PDC drill bit body. The outer wall of the auxiliary rod is provided with a plurality of spiral blades at intervals. The spiral direction of the spiral blades is the same as the spiral direction of the spiral blades. The adjustment adapter assembly includes a sliding sleeve and an adapter ring that are connected to each other, and the outer diameter of the adapter ring matches the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body; the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the drill rod along the axial direction of the drill rod, so that the adapter ring can reciprocate between a first position and a second position; wherein, when the adapter ring is in the first position, the adapter ring is slidably mounted and abutted against the outer wall of the auxiliary rod, and the adapter ring abuts against the side of the spiral blade close to the drill rod; when the adapter ring is in the second position, the adapter ring is airtightly surrounded outside the drill rod, and a material gap channel for the passage of cuttings is provided between the adapter ring and the drill rod.

[0006] In some embodiments, the pitch of the helical blade is less than the pitch of the helical blade.

[0007] In some embodiments, an annular sleeve is connected to the outer edge of the spiral blade, and the outer diameter of the annular sleeve is the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the adapter ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve and larger than the inner diameter of the annular sleeve; one end of the annular sleeve close to the drill pipe is aligned with one end of the spiral blade close to the drill pipe, so that when the adapter ring is in the first position, the outer edge of the adapter ring is against the end face of the annular sleeve close to the drill pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the drill pipe includes a straight rod section and a reducing rod section that are connected to each other. The reducing rod section is located on the side of the straight rod section close to the PDC drill bit body, and the outer diameter of the reducing rod section gradually increases in the direction away from the straight rod section; the sliding sleeve can be slidably mounted on the outer wall of the straight rod section.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the adapter ring is in the second position, the adapter ring has a first working state and a second working state; when the adapter ring is in the first working state, the adapter ring sleeve surrounds the outside of the reducer rod segment in the air; when the adapter ring is in the second working state, the adapter ring sleeve surrounds the outside of the straight rod segment in the air; A functional cavity is provided in the rod wall of the straight rod section. A moving part and a sensor for detecting the position of the moving part are arranged in the functional cavity. The moving part is connected with the sliding sleeve and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve.

[0011] In some embodiments, the moving part is provided with a first magnet, the sliding sleeve is provided with a second magnet, and the first magnet and the second magnet are magnetically connected so that the moving part is connected to the sliding sleeve and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve.

[0012] In some embodiments, the functional cavity extends to the rod wall of the variable diameter rod segment, and a camera corresponding to the variable diameter rod segment is provided in the functional cavity. The camera is connected to a rotating seat, and the rotating seat can be rotatably installed in the functional cavity for adjusting the pitch angle of the camera; the outer wall of the variable diameter rod segment is provided with an observation window corresponding to the camera.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rotating seat and the moving part are connected by transmission so that when the moving part moves in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body, the rotating seat drives the camera to rotate in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body, and when the moving part moves in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body, the rotating seat drives the camera to rotate in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rotating seat is connected to a winding spring, and a traction rope is connected between the winding spring and the moving part, so that the rotating seat and the moving part are connected in transmission.

[0015] The anti-mud balling PDC drill bit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following beneficial effects: An auxiliary rod is added between the PDC drill bit body and the drill pipe. The outer wall of the auxiliary rod is provided with a spiral blade with the same spiral direction as the spiral blade of the PDC drill bit body. When drilling through the cutting teeth on the spiral blade, the spiral blade can assist in transporting the cuttings generated by drilling upward, avoiding a large amount of cuttings from accumulating around the PDC drill bit body, which is beneficial to improving drilling efficiency. When the drilling process is temporarily suspended, since a large amount of cuttings have been transported upward through the spiral blades during drilling, and the spiral blades can play a certain role in blocking the sedimentation of cuttings, it is beneficial to improve the problem of impurities such as cuttings in the borehole settling and wrapping the PDC drill bit body.

[0016] At the same time, a movable adjustment adapter component is added, which drives the adapter ring to move axially along the drill pipe through the sliding sleeve. When drilling, the adapter ring is adjusted to move to the second position, at which time the adapter ring corresponds to the drill pipe, and rock cuttings flow from bottom to top through the material gap channel between the adapter ring and the drill pipe; when the drilling process is temporarily paused, the adapter ring is adjusted to move to the first position, at which time the adapter ring corresponds to the auxiliary rod, and since the adapter ring sleeve is abutted against the outer wall of the auxiliary rod, the adapter ring forms a seal with the auxiliary rod on the inside, and since the outer diameter of the adapter ring matches the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body, the adapter ring forms a seal with the borehole well drilled by the PDC drill bit body on the outside, thereby effectively preventing impurities such as rock cuttings in the borehole from settling downward and wrapping around the PDC drill bit body through the adapter ring.

[0017] In addition, when the adapter ring is adjusted to move to the first position, the adapter ring abuts against the side of the spiral blade close to the drill pipe. On the one hand, the adapter ring can be supported by the spiral blade, which is conducive to improving the working stability; on the other hand, the contact part between the spiral blade and the adapter ring can also play a sealing role, and the overlapping part of the spiral blade and the adapter ring can also play a double stop to prevent settlement. Therefore, the cooperation of the spiral blade and the adapter ring is conducive to better improving the problem of impurities such as cuttings in the borehole settling and wrapping into the PDC drill bit body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit in a working state provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1A partial enlarged view of position II in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the part III in the middle; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present application in another working state; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle V; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit in another working state provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point VII in the middle.

[0020] icon: 100-anti-mud packing PDC drill bit; 110-PDC drill bit body; 111-spiral blade; 112-cutting tooth; 113-nozzle; 120-drill rod; 121-straight rod section; 122-diameter-reducing rod section; 1221-observation window; 123-functional cavity; 1231-moving part; 1232-sliding rod; 1233-sensor; 1234-camera; 1235-rotating seat; 1236-winding spring; 1237-traction rope; 130- auxiliary rod; 131- spiral blade; 132- annular sleeve; 140 - adjustment adapter assembly; 141 - sliding sleeve; 1411 - second magnet; 142 - adapter ring; 143 - connecting rod body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms “vertical”, “parallel”, etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely vertical or parallel, but may be slightly inclined.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The technical solution of the present application will be exemplarily described below through some embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides an anti-mud balling PDC drill bit 100, including a PDC drill bit body 110, a drill rod 120, an auxiliary rod 130 and an adjustment adapter assembly 140.

[0030] The PDC drill bit body 110 is a polycrystalline diamond composite drill bit, which drills holes by breaking rocks through cutting, impact, etc. Except for the specific description of the embodiment of the present application, the outer diameters of other functional structures in the anti-mud packing PDC drill bit 100 do not exceed the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body, so as to prevent other functional structures from interfering with or even damaging the drilling wellbore drilled by the PDC drill bit body.

[0031] The main part of the PDC drill bit body 110 is the drill bit base, which provides the overall structure and support of the PDC drill bit body. The outer wall of the PDC drill bit body 110 is provided with a plurality of spiral blades 111 at intervals. The spiral blades 111 are connected to cutting teeth 112, which are made of polycrystalline diamond (PDC) and are embedded in the spiral blades 111 for cutting rocks and formations. The spiral blades 111 are surrounded by a chip groove for collecting and discharging the cut rock cuttings to ensure the effective operation of the PDC drill bit body 110 and the smooth drilling. A nozzle 113 is provided at the end of the PDC drill bit body 110 for spraying high-pressure fluid (i.e., drilling fluid) to help cool the drill bit cutting teeth 112 and carry the cut rock cuttings out, which is conducive to keeping the borehole clean. In addition to the above description, the PDC drill bit body can be designed with other conventional functional structures according to conventional needs.

[0032] Except for the specific description of the embodiment of the present application, the drill rod 120 can be designed with conventional functional structures according to conventional needs. As an example, the drill rod 120 mainly includes a hollow anchor rod body and a connecting joint; the connecting joint is located at the end of the hollow anchor rod body, which usually has a connecting thread for connecting with an adjacent working part (such as a PDC drill bit body); the hollow anchor rod body, as the main part of the drill rod 120, is not only a rod body connected to the PDC drill bit body 110, but can also be used, for example, to grout into the PDC drill bit body 110 during the drilling process.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter of the drill pipe 120 is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110. Based on this design, in the borehole well drilled by the PDC drill bit body 110, there is a gap between the outer wall of the drill pipe 120 and the borehole well, which is used to transport the rock cuttings generated by the drilling and the ejected drilling fluid upward.

[0034] Continue to see Figure 1 , the auxiliary rod 130 is connected between the drill rod 120 and the PDC drill bit body 110. As an example, the rod body of the auxiliary rod 130 is integrally connected to the PDC drill bit body 110, and the end of the rod body of the auxiliary rod 130 away from the PDC drill bit body 110 is connected to the drill rod 120 through a connecting joint; as another example, the rod body of the auxiliary rod 130 is integrally connected to the drill rod 120, and the end of the rod body of the auxiliary rod 130 away from the rod body is connected to the PDC drill bit body 110 through a connecting joint.

[0035] The outer wall of the auxiliary rod 130 is provided with a plurality of spiral blades 131 at intervals; the spiral direction of the spiral blade 131 is the same as the spiral direction of the spiral blade 111, that is, when the spiral blade 111 is set to be left-handed, the spiral blade 131 is also set to be left-handed, and when the spiral blade 111 is set to be right-handed, the spiral blade 131 is also set to be right-handed.

[0036] The anti-mud packing PDC drill bit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has an auxiliary rod 130 added between the PDC drill bit body 110 and the drill rod 120. Since the outer wall of the auxiliary rod 130 is provided with a spiral blade 131 having the same spiral direction as the spiral blade 111 of the PDC drill bit body 110, when drilling through the cutting teeth 112 on the spiral blade 111, the spiral blade 131 can assist in conveying the rock cuttings generated by drilling upward, avoiding a large amount of rock cuttings from accumulating around the PDC drill bit body 110, which is beneficial to improving the drilling efficiency. When the drilling process is temporarily suspended, since a large amount of rock cuttings have been conveyed upward through the spiral blade 131 during drilling, and the spiral blade 131 can play a certain role in blocking the sedimentation of rock cuttings, it is beneficial to improve the problem of impurities such as rock cuttings in the borehole being deposited and wrapped around the PDC drill bit body 110.

[0037] Continue to see Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The adjustment adapter assembly 140 includes a sliding sleeve 141 and an adapter ring 142 that are connected to each other. As an example, the sliding sleeve 141 and the adapter ring 142 are connected via a connecting rod 143.

[0038] The sliding sleeve 141 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill rod 120 along the axial direction of the drill rod 120, so that the adapter ring 142 can reciprocate between the first position and the second position; as an example, the outer wall of the drill rod 120 is provided with a limit groove extending along the axial direction to prevent the sliding sleeve 141 and the drill rod 120 from rotating relative to each other. In the drilling operation, the first position of the embodiment of the present application is located below the second position. As an example, the sliding sleeve 141 has a certain counterweight, so that when the drilling process is temporarily suspended, the sliding sleeve 141 can fall from the second position to the first position under the action of the counterweight.

[0039] The outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 matches the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110; in the embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 may be the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, or the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 may be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110. Figure 1 When the adapter ring 142 is in the first position, the adapter ring 142 can be slidably mounted on the outer wall of the auxiliary rod 130, and the adapter ring 142 is against the side of the spiral blade 131 close to the drill rod 120; it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the second position is not limited to a fixed position, and the second position can represent a position range, see Figure 4 and Figure 6 When the adapter ring 142 is located at the second position, the adapter ring 142 surrounds the drill rod 120 in the air, and a material clearance channel for cuttings to pass through is provided between the adapter ring 142 and the drill rod 120 .

[0040] The anti-mud packing PDC drill bit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is additionally provided with a movable adjustment adapter assembly 140, in which the sliding sleeve 141 drives the adapter ring 142 to move along the axial direction of the drill pipe 120. When drilling, the adapter ring 142 is adjusted to move to the second position, at which time the adapter ring 142 corresponds to the drill pipe 120, and the cuttings flow from bottom to top through the material gap channel between the adapter ring 142 and the drill pipe 120; when the drilling process is temporarily suspended, the adapter ring 142 is adjusted to move to the first position. The adapter ring 142 is in a position where the adapter ring 142 corresponds to the auxiliary rod 130. Since the adapter ring 142 is sleeved against the outer wall of the auxiliary rod 130, the adapter ring 142 forms a seal with the auxiliary rod 130 on the inner side. Since the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 matches the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, the adapter ring 142 forms a seal with the borehole well drilled by the PDC drill bit body 110 on the outer side. The adapter ring 142 effectively prevents impurities such as cuttings in the borehole from settling downward and wrapping around the PDC drill bit body 110.

[0041] In addition, the anti-mud packing PDC drill bit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, because the auxiliary rod 130 and the adjustment adapter assembly 140 are added at the same time, when the adjustment adapter ring 142 moves to the first position, the adapter ring 142 abuts against the side of the spiral blade 131 close to the drill rod 120. On the one hand, the adapter ring 142 can be supported by the spiral blade 131, which is conducive to improving the working stability; on the other hand, the contact part between the spiral blade 131 and the adapter ring 142 can also play a sealing role, and the overlapping part of the projection of the spiral blade 131 and the adapter ring 142 can also play a double stop to prevent sedimentation. Therefore, through the cooperation of the spiral blade 131 and the adapter ring 142, it is conducive to better improving the problem of impurities such as rock cuttings in the borehole settling and wrapping in the PDC drill bit body 110.

[0042] In some embodiments, the pitch of spiral blade 131 is smaller than the pitch of spiral blade 111, that is, in the working state, compared with spiral blade 111, the angle between spiral blade 131 and the horizontal plane is smaller, and spiral blade 131 is flatter.

[0043] Based on the above design, since the spiral blades 131 are flatter, when the drilling process is temporarily paused, the spiral blades 131 can better block the settlement of rock cuttings; moreover, the spiral blades 131 can more stably support the adapter ring 142, and can also better cooperate with the adapter ring 142 to strengthen the sealing and anti-settling effect.

[0044] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the outer edge of the spiral blade 131 is connected to an annular sleeve 132, and the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 132 is the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110. In the axial direction of the drill pipe 120, the end of the annular sleeve 132 may exceed the end of the spiral blade 131, the end of the annular sleeve 132 may be aligned with the end of the spiral blade 131, and the end of the annular sleeve 132 may also be exceeded by the end of the spiral blade 131.

[0045] Based on the above design, on the one hand, the annular sleeve 132 can strengthen and protect the outer edge of the spiral blade 131; on the other hand, since the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 132 is the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, the annular sleeve 132 can be used to organize and support the drilling shaft drilled by the PDC drill bit body 110, especially in a construction environment where the soil is relatively soft, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity and stability of the drilling shaft.

[0046] In the embodiment with the annular sleeve 132, as an example, the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 132 and larger than the inner diameter of the annular sleeve 132; since the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 132 is the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, that is, the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110. Based on this, the drilling well is prevented from affecting the movement of the adapter ring 142, which is conducive to regulating the reciprocating movement of the adapter ring 142 between the first position and the second position; for example, it is convenient for the adapter ring 142 to fall from the second position to the first position through the counterweight of the sliding sleeve 141.

[0047] In the case where the outer diameter of the adapter ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, in this example, the end of the annular sleeve 132 close to the drill pipe 120 is aligned with the end of the spiral blade 131 close to the drill pipe 120, so that when the adapter ring 142 is in the first position, the outer edge of the adapter ring 142 abuts against the end surface of the annular sleeve 132 close to the drill pipe 120. Based on this, a seal is formed between the annular sleeve 132 and the drilling well, and at the same time, a seal is formed between the annular sleeve 132 and the outer edge of the adapter ring 142, so that the adapter ring 142 forms a better seal with the drilling well on the outside, which is conducive to better preventing impurities such as cuttings from settling downward; in addition, the annular sleeve 132 can strongly support the outer edge of the adapter ring 142, which is conducive to further improving the working stability.

[0048] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the method of regulating the movement of the adapter ring 142 is not limited. As an example, based on the implementation scheme in which the outer diameter of the adapter ring 142 is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body 110, by adjusting the weight of the sliding sleeve 141 and the flow rate of the drilling fluid and other parameters, during drilling, the upward impact force of the drilling fluid and cuttings is used to push the adapter ring 142 from the first position to the second position; when the drilling process is temporarily suspended, the sliding sleeve 141 is caused to fall from the second position to the first position under the action of its own weight. Of course, in other schemes, a power mechanism corresponding to the sliding sleeve 141 can also be configured in the anti-mud balling PDC drill bit 100, and the power mechanism provides power to drive the sliding sleeve 141 to drive the adapter ring 142 to move.

[0049] Continue to see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the drill pipe 120 includes a straight rod section 121 and a reducing rod section 122 connected to each other. As an example, the straight rod section 121 and the reducing rod section 122 are connected as one piece.

[0050] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 The straight rod section 121 refers to a rod section with a substantially constant outer diameter, and serves as the main body of the drill rod 120. The sliding sleeve 141 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the straight rod section 121.

[0051] The reducing rod segment 122 is located on the side of the straight rod segment 121 close to the PDC drill bit body 110, and the outer diameter of the reducing rod segment 122 gradually increases in the direction away from the straight rod segment 121; as an example, the outer side wall of the reducing rod segment 122 is a conical surface. Of course, in other embodiments, the outer side wall of the reducing rod segment 122 can also be an arc-shaped surface that bulges outward or is recessed inward.

[0052] In the above technical solution, a smooth transition between the PDC drill bit body 110 and the main body of the drill pipe 120 (i.e., the straight rod section 121) can be performed through the reducer section 122. In addition, when the adapter ring 142 moves to the position range corresponding to the reducer section 122 during drilling operation, as the adapter ring 142 moves from bottom to top, the width of the material gap channel gradually increases. When the fluid during drilling pushes the adapter ring 142 to move from bottom to top, when the supply speed of the drilling fluid at the nozzle 113 gradually increases, the flow rate through the material gap channel gradually increases, and a wider material gap channel is required. Correspondingly, the fluid will push the adapter ring 142 to gradually rise. Therefore, the supply speed of the drilling fluid can be judged by the relative position of the adapter ring 142 and the reducer section 122.

[0053] Furthermore, when the adapter ring 142 is in the second position, the adapter ring 142 has a first working state and a second working state; when the adapter ring 142 is in the first working state, the adapter ring 142 is wrapped around the outside of the variable diameter rod section 122; when the adapter ring 142 is in the second working state, the adapter ring 142 is wrapped around the outside of the straight rod section 121. In other words, the sliding sleeve 141 has a large sliding stroke on the straight rod section 121, so that the sliding sleeve 141 can drive the adapter ring 142 to move to correspond to the variable diameter rod section 122, and can also drive the adapter ring 142 to move to correspond to the straight rod section 121.

[0054] See also Figure 3 The straight rod section 121 has a functional cavity 123 in its rod wall. A moving part 1231 and a sensor 1233 for detecting the position of the moving part 1231 are arranged in the functional cavity 123. The moving part 1231 is connected to the sliding sleeve 141 and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve 141.

[0055] Among them, the moving part 1231 is, for example, in a block shape. Optionally, a sliding rod 1232 extending along the axial direction of the drill rod 120 is also provided in the functional cavity 123. The moving part 1231 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 1232 along the axial direction of the drill rod 120, so that the moving part 1231 and the sliding sleeve 141 have better stability when moving synchronously.

[0056] The configuration of the sensor 1233 is not limited. As an example, the sensor 1233 is a distance sensor 1233, which is fixed to the top of the moving part 1231 and is used to detect the distance from the top of the functional cavity 123. The position of the moving part 1231 is determined by the detection result, so as to know the relative position of the adapter ring 142 connected to the sliding sleeve 141 and the drill pipe 120.

[0057] Based on the above technical solution, when the adapter ring 142 is pushed from bottom to top by the fluid during drilling, by adjusting the weight of the sliding sleeve 141, the flow rate of the drilling fluid, the slope and axial length of the reducer section 122 and other parameters, the anti-mud balling PDC drill bit 100 can be configured so that when the supply speed of the drilling fluid at the nozzle 113 is the maximum, the adapter ring 142 corresponds to the end of the reducer section 122 close to the straight section 121, such as Figure 5As shown, at this time, the adapter ring 142 is aligned with the end of the reducer rod section 122 close to the straight rod section 121, or the adapter ring 142 is aligned with the end of the straight rod section 121 close to the reducer rod section 122, or the adapter ring 142 is aligned at the junction of the adapter ring 142 and the reducer rod section 122; based on this, under normal working conditions, one drilling fluid supply speed corresponds to a theoretical relative height of the adapter ring 142 and the reducer rod section 122. The drilling fluid supply speed and the corresponding theoretical relative height are stored in the control system of the anti-mud balling PDC drill bit 100. During the drilling operation, the actual relative height of the adapter ring 142 and the reducer rod section 122 is detected by the sensor 1233 and compared with the theoretical relative height. If the actual relative height deviates significantly from the theoretical relative height, it is usually an abnormality in the drilling operation, which can be used to assist in analyzing the drilling operation status and regulating the drilling operation operation, so as to better ensure the good operation of the drilling operation. Specifically, when the drilling well collapses, the collapsed part will affect the adapter ring 142 to follow the overall downward movement of the system, causing the relative position of the reducer rod section 122 to be too high. Figure 7 When cracks appear at the bottom of the well, causing fluid loss, the actual fluid flowing upward will become less, causing the reducer section 122 to be relatively low in position.

[0058] Continue to see Figure 3 Optionally, the moving part 1231 is provided with a first magnet. As an example, the moving part 1231 itself is a magnetic material, and the moving part 1231 is composed of the first magnet. The sliding sleeve 141 is provided with a second magnet 1411. The first magnet and the second magnet 1411 are magnetically connected, so that the moving part 1231 is connected to the sliding sleeve 141 and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve 141.

[0059] In the above technical solution, the moving part 1231 and the sliding sleeve 141 are connected by magnetic force, which facilitates the sealing of the functional cavity 123 in the rod wall of the straight rod section 121, and prevents the rock debris in the drilling well from entering the functional cavity 123 and affecting the operation of the functional structure configured in the functional cavity 123. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the moving part 1231 and the sliding sleeve 141 can also be mechanically connected through a connecting structure that penetrates the rod wall of the straight rod section 121.

[0060] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, at least a portion of the functional cavity 123 is opened in the rod wall of the straight rod section 121 , but the functional cavity 123 is not limited to being opened only in the rod wall of the straight rod section 121 .

[0061] See also Figure 2As an example, the functional cavity 123 extends to the rod wall of the variable diameter rod section 122, and a camera 1234 corresponding to the variable diameter rod section 122 is arranged in the functional cavity 123, and the camera 1234 is connected to a rotating seat 1235, and the rotating seat 1235 is rotatably installed in the functional cavity 123 to adjust the pitch angle of the camera 1234; the outer wall of the variable diameter rod section 122 is provided with an observation window 1221 corresponding to the camera 1234. Among them, the camera 1234 or the observation window 1221 is exemplarily configured with an LED lighting unit.

[0062] In the above technical solution, the drilling situation at the bottom of the rotary well can be directly observed by configuring the camera 1234. The camera 1234 is rotatably arranged to facilitate the observation of the drilling well corresponding to the PDC drill bit body 110 and the drilling well corresponding to the drill rod 120 from bottom to top; at the same time, since the height range of the drilling well corresponding to the drill rod 120 is relatively large, the camera 1234 is arranged on the reducer section 122, so that the camera 1234 has a larger observation angle and range upward, and can better observe the situation in the drilling well corresponding to the drill rod 120.

[0063] Continue to see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the rotating seat 1235 and the moving part 1231 are connected in a transmission manner so that when the moving part 1231 moves in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body 110, the rotating seat 1235 drives the camera 1234 to rotate in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body 110, and when the moving part 1231 moves in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body 110, the rotating seat 1235 drives the camera 1234 to rotate in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body 110.

[0064] Exemplarily, the transmission connection between the rotating seat 1235 and the moving member 1231 is configured such that when the adapter ring 142 is located at the first position, the shooting angle of the camera 1234 is tilted downward, such as Figure 2 When the adapter ring 142 is in the second position, and the adapter ring 142 corresponds to the end of the variable diameter rod segment 122 close to the straight rod segment 121, the shooting angle of the camera 1234 is horizontally forward, as shown Figure 5 When the adapter ring 142 is in the second position, and the adapter ring 142 corresponds to the main body of the straight rod segment 121, the shooting angle of the camera 1234 is tilted upward, as shown Figure 7 shown.

[0065] Based on the above technical solution, the rotating seat 1235 and the camera 1234 are driven to move by the moving part 1231, and there is no need to configure a separate power mechanism, so that the structure is simpler and the control is more convenient. Moreover, on the one hand, under normal operation, when the height of the adapter ring 142 is low, the system is in a drilling working state with a low drilling fluid supply speed or a suspended construction state. At this time, it is necessary to observe the rock debris deposition near the PDC drill bit body 110 more downward, and the camera 1234 rotates downward through the transmission effect to better observe the construction situation; on the other hand, when cracks appear in the drilling well and the actual relative height of the adapter ring 142 is low, the cracks usually appear below the adapter ring 142 at this time, and the camera 1234 rotates downward through the transmission effect to better observe the abnormal cracks in the drilling well; on the other hand, when the drilling well collapses and causes the adapter ring 142 to be blocked, the actual relative height of the adapter ring 142 is high at this time, and the camera 1234 rotates upward through the transmission effect to better observe the collapse of the drilling well near the adapter ring 142.

[0066] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the transmission method between the rotating seat 1235 and the moving part 1231 is not limited. Unless otherwise specified, it can be conventional methods such as but not limited to conveyor belts, gears, racks, etc.

[0067] Continue to see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As an example, the rotating seat 1235 is connected to a winding spring 1236, and a traction rope 1237 is connected between the winding spring 1236 and the moving part 1231, so that the rotating seat 1235 and the moving part 1231 are connected in transmission.

[0068] In the above technical solution, the elastic restoring force of the winding spring 1236 and the pulling force of the moving part 1231 on the pull rope respectively provide power for the reciprocating motion of the rotating seat 1235. Compared with the gear, the winding spring 1236 can achieve a greater transmission ratio in a smaller space; and compared with the meshing methods such as gears and racks, the force required to pull the winding spring 1236 is relatively small, avoiding affecting the stability of the magnetic connection between the sliding sleeve 141 and the moving part 1231.

[0069] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An anti-mud balling PDC drill bit, characterized in that: include: A PDC drill bit body, wherein a nozzle is provided at the end of the PDC drill bit body, and a plurality of spiral blades are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the PDC drill bit body, wherein the spiral blades are connected with cutting teeth; A drill pipe, wherein the outer diameter of the drill pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body; An auxiliary rod, the auxiliary rod being connected between the drill rod and the PDC drill bit body, a plurality of spiral blades being arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the auxiliary rod, and the spiral direction of the spiral blades being the same as the spiral direction of the spiral blades; and An adjusting adapter assembly, the adjusting adapter assembly comprises a sliding sleeve and an adapter ring which are connected to each other, the outer diameter of the adapter ring matches the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body; the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the drill rod along the axial direction of the drill rod, so that the adapter ring can reciprocate between a first position and a second position; wherein, when the adapter ring is located at the first position, the adapter ring is slidably mounted and abutted against the outer wall of the auxiliary rod, and the adapter ring abuts against the side of the spiral blade close to the drill rod; when the adapter ring is located at the second position, the adapter ring is airtightly surrounded by the outside of the drill rod, and a material clearance channel for the passage of cuttings is provided between the adapter ring and the drill rod.

2. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch of the spiral blade is smaller than the pitch of the spiral blade.

3. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the spiral blade is connected with an annular sleeve, and the outer diameter of the annular sleeve is the same as the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit body.

4. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the adapter ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve and larger than the inner diameter of the annular sleeve; one end of the annular sleeve close to the drill pipe is aligned with one end of the spiral blade close to the drill pipe, so that when the adapter ring is in the first position, the outer edge of the adapter ring abuts against the end face of the annular sleeve close to the drill pipe.

5. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The drill rod comprises a straight rod section and a reducing rod section connected to each other, the reducing rod section is located on a side of the straight rod section close to the PDC drill bit body, and the outer diameter of the reducing rod section gradually increases in a direction away from the straight rod section; the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the straight rod section.

6. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the adapter ring is located at the second position, the adapter ring has a first working state and a second working state; when the adapter ring is in the first working state, the adapter ring sleeve surrounds the outside of the reducer rod segment; when the adapter ring is in the second working state, the adapter ring sleeve surrounds the outside of the straight rod segment; A functional cavity is provided in the rod wall of the straight rod section. A moving part and a sensor for detecting the position of the moving part are arranged in the functional cavity. The moving part is connected to the sliding sleeve and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve.

7. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving part is provided with a first magnet, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a second magnet. The first magnet and the second magnet are magnetically connected, so that the moving part is connected to the sliding sleeve and moves synchronously with the sliding sleeve.

8. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The functional cavity extends to the rod wall of the reducing rod section, and a camera corresponding to the reducing rod section is provided in the functional cavity. The camera is connected to the rotating seat, and the rotating seat is rotatably installed in the functional cavity for adjusting the pitch angle of the camera; the outer wall of the reducing rod section is provided with an observation window corresponding to the camera.

9. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating seat and the moving part are transmission connected so that when the moving part moves in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body, the rotating seat drives the camera to rotate in a direction away from the PDC drill bit body, and when the moving part moves in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body, the rotating seat drives the camera to rotate in a direction close to the PDC drill bit body.

10. The anti-balling PDC drill bit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotating seat is connected with a winding spring, and a traction rope is connected between the winding spring and the moving part, so that the rotating seat and the moving part are connected in transmission.

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