TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) stuck machine escape method

Abstract

The invention discloses a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) stuck machine escape method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) supporting a tunneled section in a reinforced manner; (2) confirming a pipe shed workshop and a shield periphery excavation construction range; (3) a pipe shed workshop is excavated at the tail of the shield and supported; (4) a pipe shed drilling machine is assembled, an advanced pipe shed is constructed, and grouting is conducted; (5) long anchor rods are constructed between the advanced pipe sheds, chemical grout is injected, and surrounding rock on the periphery of the pipe sheds of the shield top section is cemented; (6) the pipe shed drilling machine is dismantled, and a down-the-hole excavating device is assembled; (7) the rock mass around the shield is excavated through a down-the-hole excavating device; 8) completing the excavation, assisting the TBM to escape by trying to rotate the cutterhead, stretch and retract the shield and retreat the TBM, and recovering the excavation; according to the method, manual excavation operation above the shield is not needed, only the shield tail pipe shed workshop needs to be excavated, the excavation height is greatly reduced, a down-the-hole excavation device is adopted for excavation around the shield, the radial excavation range is greatly reduced, the machine blocking treatment efficiency is high, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a construction method for a TBM, in particular to a method for releasing a stuck TBM. Background Art

[0002] TBM is increasingly used in long and large tunnel construction due to its safety, high efficiency and environmental protection. As tunnel construction develops towards deeper and longer tunnels, the construction problems of TBM in poor geological sections will become more prominent, especially in fault fracture zones, large deformation and strong rock burst sections. The machine will get stuck and need to be stopped for treatment, which is time-consuming and laborious. The overall efficiency of TBM construction in poor geological zones is low, which restricts the promotion and application of TBM.

[0003] At present, there are two main methods for dealing with TBM jams: one is to manually excavate a pipe shed workshop above the shield and apply advanced pipe shed protection, manually clean and unload the shield and cutterhead load, and then restore the cutterhead or shield to normal and resume excavation. This method requires the construction of an advanced pipe shed and manual excavation and slag removal above the shield. The working space must meet the requirements of manual excavation and pipe shed construction. The pipe shed workshop is constructed at a high height, and the manual excavation work above the shield is large. Large machinery cannot be used, which has low efficiency, long time, and high safety risks. Another method is to expand the pipe shed workshop at the tail of the shield, apply advanced pipe shed protection forward from the tail of the shield, and then manually excavate a small pilot hole on the outer periphery of the shield to gradually clean and unload the shield and cutterhead load, so that the cutterhead and shield can be restored to normal and resume excavation. After the shield tail advance pipe shed is completed, the TBM can only be freed after the shield and cutterhead are manually cleaned. In addition, the manual work must be done through the guide hole above the shield. The pipe shed is installed at a high height, and the manual work needs to be done in the pipe shed workshop and the rock mass around the shield. The manual excavation work is large, and large machinery cannot be used above the shield, resulting in low efficiency and long time. The advance pipe shed is installed far away from the excavation line, and the pipe shed's external insertion angle has an impact, resulting in poor support effect in front of the face. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for TBM stuck machine to get out of trouble, which can effectively reduce the processing time of the stuck machine, improve the construction quality of advanced pipe shed and TBM construction efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through such a technical solution, a method for escaping a stuck TBM, the method comprising the following steps: 1) Strengthen support for the excavated section; 2) Confirm the scope of the pipe shed workshop and the excavation around the shield; 3) Excavate and support the pipe shed workshop at the tail of the shield; 4) Assemble the pipe-roof drilling rig, construct the advanced pipe-roof and perform grouting; 5) Long anchor rods are installed between the advanced pipe sheds and chemical slurry is injected to cement the surrounding rock around the shield top section pipe shed; 6) Dismantle the pipe-roof drilling rig and assemble the down-the-hole excavation device; 7) Use down-the-hole excavation equipment to excavate the rock mass around the shield; 8) After excavation is completed, the TBM is assisted to escape and resume excavation by trying to rotate the cutter head, extend the shield, and retreat the TBM; 9) Repeat 1) to 8) until the TBM excavates through the unfavorable geological section.

[0006] Among them, in the step 7), the shield rock mass is excavated from the arch top, and the drill rod is continuously extended as the drilling is carried out forward. After the first section of the drill rod is drilled, the anti-deviation device is installed, and then the second section of the drill rod is installed and drilled until the drill bit excavates beyond the cutter head, and the excavated rock debris is cleaned up simultaneously; when a hole is excavated, the drill rod is rotated in the opposite direction, the eccentric drill bit is retracted, the drill rod is pulled out backwards, and the drill rod is removed section by section.

[0007] To further describe, after one hole is excavated in step 7), one hole is offset to the side along the outer periphery of the shield, and the rock mass around the shield is continued to be excavated; until the rock mass around the shield and the cutterhead is excavated, the shield and the cutterhead return to normal.

[0008] In the present invention, in the step 6), the down-the-hole excavation device includes a track beam arranged on the main beam, a bracket is arranged on the track beam, a propulsion beam is arranged on the bracket, a hydraulic motor is arranged on the propulsion beam, a drill rod with an eccentric drill bit is arranged on the hydraulic motor, and a spiral blade is arranged on the drill rod.

[0009] In step 7), the anti-deviation device comprises at least three centralizers arranged side by side, the centralizers are connected by a horizontally arranged connecting plate, four legs are evenly distributed on the outer wall of each centralizer, and boot plates are arranged on the outer ends of the legs.

[0010] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost and reliable construction. It does not require manual excavation work above the shield, but only needs to excavate the pipe shed workshop at the tail of the shield. The excavation height of the pipe shed workshop is greatly reduced, and the excavation around the shield is carried out by a down-the-hole excavation device. The radial excavation range is greatly reduced, the efficiency is high, the safety risk is small, the jamming machine processing efficiency is high, the construction period is effectively shortened, and the construction cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows: Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the advanced pipe shed construction of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shield perimeter excavation elevation of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the card machine of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-deflection device of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the use of the anti-bias device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any improvement or substitution based on the basic spirit of the present embodiment still falls within the scope of protection required by the claims of the present invention.

[0013] Example 1: Figure 1 , 2 3. A method for escaping a stuck TBM, the method comprising the following steps: 1) Strengthen support for the excavated section; 2) Confirm the scope of excavation work in pipe shed workshop 1 and around the shield; 3) Excavate and support the pipe shed workshop at the tail of the shield; 4) Assemble the pipe-roof drilling rig 2, construct the advanced pipe-roof and perform grouting; 5) Long anchor rods are installed between the advanced pipe sheds and chemical slurry is injected to cement the surrounding rock around the shield top section pipe shed; 6) Dismantle the pipe-roof drilling rig and assemble the down-the-hole excavation device; 7) Use down-the-hole excavation equipment to excavate the rock mass around the shield; 8) After excavation is completed, the TBM is assisted to escape from the predicament and resume excavation by trying to rotate the cutterhead 4, retract the shield 6, and retreat the TBM; 9) Repeat 1) to 8) until the TBM excavates through the unfavorable geological section.

[0014] Among them, in the step 7), the shield rock mass is excavated from the arch, and the drill rod 3 is continuously extended as the drilling is carried out forward. After the first section of the drill rod 3 is drilled, an anti-deviation device is installed, and then the second section of the drill rod 3 is installed and drilled until the drill bit excavates over the cutter head 4, and the excavated rock debris is cleaned up simultaneously; when a hole is excavated, the drill rod 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, the eccentric drill bit 5 is retracted, the drill rod 3 is pulled out backward, and the drill rod 3 is removed section by section.

[0015] To further describe, in step 7), after one hole is excavated, the hole is offset to the side along the outer periphery of the shield, and the rock mass around the shield is continued to be excavated; until the rock mass around the shield 6 and the cutter head 4 is excavated, the shield 6 and the cutter head 4 return to normal.

[0016] In the present invention, in the step 6), the down-the-hole excavation device includes a track beam 8 arranged on a main beam 7, a bracket 9 is arranged on the track beam 8, a propulsion beam 10 is arranged on the bracket 9, a hydraulic motor 11 is arranged on the propulsion beam 10, a drill rod 3 with an eccentric drill bit 5 is arranged on the hydraulic motor 11, and a spiral blade 12 is arranged on the drill rod 3.

[0017] In the present invention, the eccentric drill bit can be configured as a single hole, double hole or triple hole design, which can be selected according to the site conditions; the outer periphery of the drill rod 3 is welded with a spiral blade 12, which can transport the excavated rock slag to the tail of the shield as the spiral drill rod 3 rotates. According to the thickness of the shield periphery to be expanded, a double-hole or triple-hole eccentric drill bit 5 down-the-hole excavation device can be selected to improve the excavation efficiency around the shield.

[0018] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown in , 6, in step 7), the anti-deviation device includes at least three stabilizers 13 arranged side by side, and the stabilizers 13 are connected by a horizontally arranged connecting plate 14. Four supporting legs 15 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of each stabilizer 13, and boot plates 16 are arranged at the outer ends of the supporting legs 15.

[0019] In the present invention, the anti-deviation device is arranged at the connection between the first and second drill rods at the rear of the drill bit to prevent it from getting stuck outside the shield. Three centralizers form a group, two of which are arranged on two adjacent drill rods 3, and the third is arranged in an adjacent hole 17 that has been excavated in the upper cycle, for real-time correction of the drilling direction of the eccentric drill bit 5. Four boot plates 16 are arranged on the periphery of the centralizer 13. The four boot plates 16 are arranged in an "×" shape. The boot plate legs 15 close to the shield side are close to the periphery of the shield, and the boot plates on the other side are supported on the inner wall of the hole after drilling is completed. The centralizer 13 can slide in the hole where the drilling is completed. The centralizers are connected by connecting plates 14. A single centralizer 13 is arranged between the first and second drill rods, and the centralizer 13 can be driven to move forward and backward through the connecting plate 14. The stabilizer 13 arranged in the drilled hole position can ensure that the hole position being drilled is accurate and the spacing is uniform. The stabilizer 13 arranged in the drilled hole position can serve as a support for the drill rod to ensure that the drill rod will not have problems such as deviation and lowering. The drilling direction of the drill bit 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the tail position; the bottom boot plate 16 is designed in a ship shape. As the drill rod 3 continues to break the rock and vibrate, the broken rock debris can be further loosened and slide to the drill rod 3, and transported to the tail of the shield through the spiral blade 12.

[0020] Since the outer periphery of the shield is excavated with a down-the-hole excavation device, the excavation height is small and manual labor is not possible to clean the slag. Therefore, the part to be excavated around the shield is divided into many excavation sections. The excavation sequence is from the arch to both sides, and the residual rock debris on the outer periphery of the excavated shield can slide along the outer side of the shield to the drill rod under the impact loosening of the boot plate and the action of gravity, and be transported to the tail of the shield through spiral blades.

[0021] After the machine is stuck, the support structure at the tail of the shield is strengthened to prevent the danger from occurring in the excavated section. The construction scope of the pipe-roof workshop 1 and the excavation scope around the shield are determined according to the stuck part of the TBM. The pipe-roof workshop 1 is manually excavated and supported to ensure safety; the track beam 8 is erected through the main beam 7 and the tunnel wall. The track beam 8 is made of I-beam and is used to erect the advanced pipe-roof drilling rig 2 and the down-the-hole excavation device. The pipe-roof drilling rig 2 is installed, the advanced pipe-roof 1 is constructed, and the unfavorable geological section in front of the face is reinforced by grouting. At the same time, long anchor rods are constructed between the completed advanced pipe-roofs 1 and chemical slurry is injected to cement the surrounding rock around the pipe-roof of the shield top section. After the construction of the advanced pipe-roof 1 is completed, the pipe-roof drilling rig 2 is dismantled, the down-the-hole excavation device is installed, and the excavation drill bit is arranged on the outer periphery of the shield. The rock mass around the shield is excavated hole by hole from the arch to both sides until it passes the cutterhead 4. The excavation drill bit uses an eccentric drill bit 5 to reduce the occurrence of drill jams. After the excavation of the rock mass around the shield that caused the machine to get stuck was completed, attempts were made to help the TBM get out of trouble by rotating the cutterhead, retracting the shield, and retreating the TBM. After the TBM was out of trouble, it moved forward.

[0022] In the present invention, when the shield tail space is relatively large, according to the site conditions, 2-3 down-the-hole excavation equipment can be arranged to simultaneously perform shield perimeter excavation, and the excavation efficiency of the equipment is greatly improved compared with manual excavation, which can improve the construction efficiency of the stuck machine disposal.

[0023] This method can also be used to deal with rock burst jams. Analyze the rock burst jam conditions, confirm the scope of the pipe shed workshop or the shield perimeter excavation, and implement advanced pipe shed protection (when the jam range is small, advanced small pipes can be used to cross-lock the rock blocks of rock burst collapse to prevent the explosion pit from continuing to expand), and then use the down-the-hole excavation device to crush and excavate the rock mass pressing on the shield around the shield, so that the TBM can get out of trouble and resume excavation.

Claims

1. A method for escaping a stuck TBM, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Strengthen support for the excavated section; 2) Confirm the scope of the pipe shed workshop and the excavation work around the shield; 3) Excavate and support the pipe shed workshop at the tail of the shield; 4) Assemble the pipe-roof drilling rig, construct the advanced pipe-roof and perform grouting; 5) Long anchor rods are installed between the advanced pipe sheds and chemical slurry is injected to cement the surrounding rock around the shield top section pipe shed; 6) Dismantle the pipe-roof drilling rig and assemble the down-the-hole excavation device; 7) Use down-the-hole excavation equipment to excavate the rock mass around the shield; 8) After excavation is completed, the TBM is assisted to escape and resume excavation by trying to rotate the cutter head, extend the shield, and retreat the TBM; 9) Repeat 1) to 8) until the TBM excavates through the unfavorable geological section.

2. The method for escaping a stuck TBM as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 7), the shield rock mass is excavated from the arch, and the drill rod is continuously extended as the drilling is carried out forward. After the first section of the drill rod is drilled, the anti-deviation device is installed, and then the second section of the drill rod is installed and drilled until the drill bit excavates beyond the cutter head, and the excavated rock debris is cleaned up simultaneously; when a hole is excavated, the drill rod is rotated in the opposite direction, the eccentric drill bit is retracted, the drill rod is pulled out backward, and the drill rod is removed section by section.

3. The method for escaping a stuck TBM as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 7), after one hole is excavated, the shield is shifted to the side by one hole, and the rock mass around the shield is continued to be excavated; until the rock mass around the shield and the cutterhead is excavated, and the shield and the cutterhead return to normal.

4. The method for escaping a stuck TBM as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: In step 6), the down-the-hole excavation device includes a track beam arranged on a main beam, a bracket is arranged on the track beam, a propulsion beam is arranged on the bracket, a hydraulic motor is arranged on the propulsion beam, a drill rod with an eccentric drill bit is arranged on the hydraulic motor, and a spiral blade is arranged on the drill rod.

5. The method for escaping a stuck TBM as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: In step 7), the anti-deviation device includes at least three centralizers arranged side by side, the centralizers are connected by a horizontally arranged connecting plate, four legs are evenly distributed on the outer wall of each centralizer, and boot plates are arranged on the outer ends of the legs.

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