Post-treatment device for hydrogen internal combustion engine

Abstract

The invention discloses an after-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The after-treatment device is provided with a side-inlet centrifugal water vapor separation device and a catalytic silencing device which are connected with each other. An air inlet pipe is mounted on the side wall of an air inlet cylinder of the side-inlet centrifugal water-vapor separation device; the rotational flow cylinder is installed in the air inlet cylinder, and a rotational flow cavity is formed between the inner wall of the air inlet cylinder and the outer wall of the rotational flow cylinder. The bottom of the rotational flow plate is connected with the outer wall of the rotational flow cylinder, the top of the rotational flow plate is connected with a boundary line of the air inlet pipe and the air inlet cylinder, the rotational flow plate divides a rotational flow cavity, an obtuse angle formed by the rotational flow plate and the rotational flow cylinder faces the air inlet pipe, an acute angle formed by the rotational flow plate and the rotational flow cylinder is adjacent to a perforated area on the rotational flow cylinder, and meshes are formed in the perforated area; and a stainless steel winding net is mounted at the connecting part of the rotational flow cylinder and the catalytic silencing device. Water vapor in the tail gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is condensed into liquid water in advance to be discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell engines, and in particular relates to a post-processing device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] Under the general trend of global energy conservation and emission reduction, it is imperative for the transportation industry to accelerate the process of carbon reduction and decarbonization. As a key factor in promoting energy transformation and upgrading, hydrogen energy has become the focus of competition among commercial vehicle and internal combustion engine companies for diversified technology research and development around hydrogen fuel. Among them, hydrogen internal combustion engines can not only meet the requirements of emission reduction, but also be comparable to traditional internal combustion engines in terms of use cost. A hydrogen internal combustion engine is an internal combustion engine that uses hydrogen as fuel. It generates power by burning hydrogen. It is similar to the working principle of traditional fuel internal combustion engines, but the fuel is different. Traditional internal combustion engines that use gasoline, diesel and natural gas can be adapted to use hydrogen fuel, which may reduce carbon dioxide emissions in exhaust gas by more than 99%. Strengthening the research, development and production of hydrogen internal combustion engines will help accelerate the transition to carbon neutral technology and achieve net zero carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. Hydrogen combustion only produces water, and does not produce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which is environmentally friendly. Hydrogen can be produced by water electrolysis, biomass gasification and other methods, and is a renewable energy source. Compared with fuel cells, hydrogen internal combustion engines are less expensive and can utilize existing internal combustion engine production and supply chains to achieve fuel substitution with minor modifications. In addition to harmless emissions such as water vapor, hydrogen engines also produce harmful emissions such as NOx, which require targeted purification treatment. However, the high exhaust temperature and high water content caused by its working characteristics are severe challenges for the post-treatment catalyst system. Traditional catalysts often suffer from severe performance degradation or even failure under such extreme conditions, which has become a major technical bottleneck restricting the commercialization of hydrogen internal combustion engines. At present, it is still difficult to solve the hydrothermal aging problem only through dedicated H2-SCR catalyst technology. How to condense and discharge the exhaust gas with high water vapor content before it reaches the catalyst has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, the purpose of which is to condense water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine into liquid water in advance for discharge, to avoid premature degradation of the SCR catalyst when a large amount of water vapor flows through the SCR catalyst, to ensure that the post-treatment device can continuously reduce NOx pollutants and to increase the service life.

[0004] The solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, characterized in that: It has a side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device and a catalytic muffler device connected to each other; An air intake pipe is installed on the side wall of the air intake cylinder of the side-inlet centrifugal water vapor separation device; The cyclone cylinder is installed in the air intake cylinder, and a cyclone cavity is formed between the inner wall of the air intake cylinder and the outer wall of the cyclone cylinder; The bottom of the swirl plate is connected to the outer wall of the swirl cylinder, and the top is connected to the boundary line between the air inlet pipe and the air inlet cylinder. The swirl plate separates the swirl chamber. The obtuse angle formed by the swirl plate and the swirl cylinder faces the air inlet pipe. The acute angle formed by the swirl plate and the swirl cylinder is adjacent to the opening area on the swirl cylinder. The opening area is provided with mesh holes. The part where the cyclone cylinder is connected to the catalytic silencer is installed with a stainless steel winding mesh.

[0005] An H2-SCR catalytic unit is installed in the catalytic cylinder of the catalytic muffler; A silencer core is provided at the rear of the catalytic cylinder; An air outlet pipe is installed at the rear end of the catalytic cylinder.

[0006] The supporting cone pipe connects the air intake pipe and the air intake cylinder body.

[0007] The air intake pipe is provided with a temperature sensor seat and a urea nozzle base.

[0008] The stainless steel winding mesh is made of cylindrical stainless steel wires woven into wave crests and troughs and wound layer by layer.

[0009] The catalytic cylinder of the catalytic muffler is provided with a drainage hole.

[0010] A nitrogen oxygen sensor base is arranged on the catalytic cylinder.

[0011] The silencer core is an impedance composite silencer structure. Beneficial Effects

[0012] 1. The side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device is convenient for the layout of the whole vehicle, and can make the exhaust gas form a cyclone. After the centrifugal action, the water vapor is thrown to the inner wall of the cylinder and cooled to form liquid water before being discharged; 2. The water vapor that has not yet formed liquid water after the centrifugal force is further settled after passing through the stainless steel winding mesh assembly (the stainless steel winding mesh has a large specific surface area); 3. After passing through the water vapor separation device, the water vapor content flowing through the H2-SCR catalytic unit can be significantly reduced, reducing the risk of hydrothermal aging, ensuring the activity of the catalyst, and enabling the hydrogen internal combustion engine to meet net zero emissions for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is the appearance of the aftertreatment device for hydrogen internal combustion engine; Figure 2 It is a diagram of a side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine; Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the stainless steel winding mesh. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] The invention is a post-processing device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. A trumpet-mouthed cylinder with a mixed structure cooperates with a hump pipe at the rear end of a particle collector, and the rear end is welded with the front end of a selective catalytic reduction converter.

[0017] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown: The invention provides a post-processing device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the post-treatment device in the present invention includes a side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device 1 and a catalytic muffler 2 which are connected to each other.

[0019] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 The side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device 1 shown: An air intake pipe 4 is installed on the side wall of the air intake cylinder body 9. The air intake end of the air intake pipe 4 has an air intake flange 3 connected to the outside. A supporting cone 5 connects the air intake pipe 4 and the air intake cylinder body 9 to play a supporting role.

[0020] The intake pipe 4 is provided with a temperature sensor seat 6, on which a temperature sensor can be installed to monitor the exhaust temperature, so as to control the injection time of the reducing agent urea; a urea nozzle base 7 is also provided, on which a urea nozzle can be arranged for injecting urea aqueous solution.

[0021] An intake end cover 11 and an intake inner end cover 12 are installed at the end of the intake cylinder 9 away from the catalytic muffler 2 .

[0022] The swirl cylinder 8 is installed in the air intake cylinder 9, and a swirl chamber 82 is formed between the inner wall of the air intake cylinder 9 and the outer wall of the swirl cylinder 8.

[0023] The bottom of the swirl plate 81 is connected to the outer wall of the swirl cylinder 8, and the top is connected to the boundary line between the intake pipe 4 and the intake cylinder 9. The swirl plate 81 separates the swirl chamber 82. The obtuse angle formed by the swirl plate 81 and the swirl cylinder 8 faces the intake pipe 4. The acute angle formed by the swirl plate 81 and the swirl cylinder 8 is adjacent to the opening area on the swirl cylinder 8. The opening area is provided with a mesh 80. The mesh 80 can form a high-speed swirl while ensuring that the resistance of the post-processing device does not increase.

[0024] The portion where the cyclone cylinder 8 is connected to the catalytic muffler 2 is provided with a partition 13, and a through hole of the partition 13 is provided with a Figure 4 The stainless steel winding mesh 10 shown is a wire cake formed by rolling and brazing stainless steel wires. The stainless steel winding mesh 10 is woven into wave crests and troughs by cylindrical stainless steel wires and wound layer by layer. It has the characteristics of large specific surface area, strong heat storage capacity and good sound-absorbing effect.

[0025] After the exhaust gas flows in through the intake pipe 4, it is blocked by the swirl plate 81, and centrifugally rotates around the outer wall of the swirl cylinder 8 in the swirl chamber 82. After about one swirl, it flows into the inner cavity of the swirl cylinder 8 (such as Figure 2 The water vapor in the high-temperature airflow then flows through the stainless steel winding net 10, during which the water vapor in the high-temperature airflow hits the wall on the surface of the air inlet cylinder 9 for pre-cooling and condensation, forming liquid water and settling down, and the airflow settles down again after passing through the stainless steel winding net 10. The water vapor separation device is a side-entry centrifugal structure, which makes the originally smooth airflow form a high-speed vortex, and the water vapor hits the wall for pre-cooling and condenses and settles.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown: The catalytic cylinder 14 is provided with a drainage hole 20 to facilitate timely discharge of the liquid water separated from the water vapor separation device.

[0027] A nitrogen oxide sensor base 17 is provided on the catalytic cylinder 14, which is convenient for installing the nitrogen oxide sensor, and can monitor the nitrogen oxide concentration in the tail exhaust in real time, facilitate reasonable control of the urea injection amount, and perform closed-loop control of the urea injection.

[0028] A liner 15 is installed on the inner wall of the catalyst cylinder 14 , and an H2-SCR catalyst unit 16 for a hydrogen internal combustion engine is installed in the liner 15 .

[0029] A muffler core 18 is disposed at the rear of the catalytic cylinder 14, and the muffler core 18 is an impedance composite muffler structure.

[0030] An outlet pipe 19 is installed at the rear end of the catalyst cylinder 14 .

[0031] The hydrogen internal combustion engine of the present invention uses a water vapor separation post-treatment device, and a side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device is arranged in front of the post-treatment. The tail gas undergoes two condensation and sedimentation in the water vapor separation device, which can minimize the flow of water vapor through the H2-SCR catalytic unit and ensure the long-term activity of the catalyst.

[0032] The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention. For example, the centrifugal water vapor separation structure in the present invention can be arranged separately or adopt radial air intake, and the outer cylinder with a circular cross-section can also be replaced by an elliptical, quasi-elliptical, square, rounded square or other shapes with equivalent functions, which are all regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will comply with the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, characterized in that: It is provided with a side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device and a catalytic silencer device which are connected to each other; an intake pipe is installed on the side wall of an intake cylinder of the side-entry centrifugal water vapor separation device; a cyclone cylinder is installed in the intake cylinder, and a cyclone cavity is formed between the inner wall of the intake cylinder and the outer wall of the cyclone cylinder; the bottom of the cyclone plate is connected to the outer wall of the cyclone cylinder, and the top is connected to the boundary line between the intake pipe and the intake cylinder; the cyclone plate separates the cyclone cavity, the obtuse angle formed by the cyclone plate and the cyclone cylinder faces the intake pipe, and the acute angle formed by the cyclone plate and the cyclone cylinder is adjacent to the opening area on the cyclone cylinder, and mesh holes are provided in the opening area; a stainless steel winding net is installed on the part where the cyclone cylinder is connected to the catalytic silencer; an H2-SCR catalytic unit is installed in the catalytic cylinder of the catalytic silencer; a silencer core is provided at the rear of the catalytic cylinder; and an outlet pipe is installed at the rear end of the catalytic cylinder.

2. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting cone pipe connects the air intake pipe and the air intake cylinder body.

3. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake pipe is provided with a temperature sensor seat and a urea nozzle base.

4. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel winding mesh is made of cylindrical stainless steel wires woven into wave crests and troughs and wound layer by layer.

5. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic cylinder of the catalytic muffler is provided with a drainage hole.

6. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A nitrogen oxygen sensor base is arranged on the catalytic cylinder.

7. A post-treatment device for a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The silencer core is an impedance composite silencer structure.

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