Electric spark machining method for deep and narrow vent groove of guide vane and guide vane

Abstract

The invention provides an electric spark machining method for a deep and narrow vent groove of a guide vane and the guide vane. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, electric spark high-speed small hole machining is adopted, and a plurality of bottom holes are machined in the guide vane to be machined through a first electrode; a second electrode is manufactured, and the forming electrode and the corresponding clamping auxiliary part are installed on the electric spark forming machine; and electric spark forming oil immersion machining is adopted, lateral flushing liquid of the guide vane to be machined is increased, machining parameters of an electric spark forming machine are set, and deep and narrow vent grooves are machined. Part of the bottom holes are pre-machined in the position to be machined in the guide vane, the deep and narrow vent grooves are machined in the bottom holes through the method that the hollow forming electrode is used for machining the forming grooves in an electric spark forming mode, and the oil flushing and chip removal conditions during forming of the deep and narrow vent grooves are improved; and the electric spark forming machining efficiency and the surface machining quality of the guide vane are improved. And the device can be applied to machining of various deep holes, grooves and runners, and is good in applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of machining guide vane ventilation grooves, and in particular relates to an electric spark machining method for deep and narrow guide vane ventilation grooves, and a guide vane. Background Art

[0002] For the guide vanes of aircraft engines made of LD2 aluminum alloy, in order to enhance cooling, the middle part of the guide vanes is processed with deep and narrow ventilation grooves, inner cavity grooves and exhaust holes, and the head position is welded with inlay strips to form a cold air channel. The deep and narrow ventilation groove located in the middle of the shaft neck on the root side of the guide vane is located inside the blade body of the guide vane. Its size is small and it is relatively difficult to achieve by mechanical processing.

[0003] At present, the electrospark forming process is generally used. Due to the narrow width and deep depth of the guide vane groove, and the blind cavity processing, the electrospark forming process is relatively difficult to flush and remove chips, the electro-erosion products of the processing part are not removed smoothly, and carbon deposition and abnormal discharge are easy to occur during processing, resulting in processing stagnation and time extension, affecting the processing speed. The normal processing of the groove may take about 30 minutes, but if there are abnormal conditions of carbon deposition and discharge, the processing time of the groove may exceed 1 hour. In addition, the blade is made of aluminum alloy LD2, which has fast thermal conductivity and low melting point. Compared with electrospark processing, the processability is poor, and the surface is prone to defects, including too thick remelting layer, cracks in the remelting layer, arc burns, etc. The blade surface cracks were caused by electrospark surface defects during installation and use. In summary, the current guide vane groove may have oil flushing and chip removal during forming processing, resulting in low processing efficiency, and the processing quality of the blade surface needs to be further optimized. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane and a guide vane, aiming to solve the problem that the groove of the guide vane may have oil flushing and chip removal during the forming process, resulting in low machining efficiency and the machining quality of the blade surface needs to be further optimized.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The present invention provides an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane, comprising the following steps: S1, using high-speed electric spark small hole machining, setting machining parameters and selecting the first electrode, machining a plurality of bottom holes along the journal position on the blade root side of the guide blade to be machined toward the inside thereof; The deep and narrow ventilation groove formed by the guide blade to be processed is a groove extending from the journal position on the blade root side to the inside of the guide blade to be processed; S2. According to the groove parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove, a second electrode is manufactured, and the second electrode and corresponding auxiliary components are installed on the electric spark forming machine; wherein the cross section of the second electrode is adapted to the cross section shape of the deep and narrow ventilation slot; S3, installing the second electrode on the chuck and the electrode clamp, and then installing it on the electric spark forming machine; installing the guide blade to be processed with a plurality of bottom holes on the electric spark forming machine through the blade fixture, and making the shaft journal position on the root side of the guide blade to be processed correspond to the second electrode, flushing the side of the guide blade to be processed, adding oil to the electric spark forming machine, setting the processing parameters of the electric spark forming machine, and processing the deep and narrow ventilation groove; The guide vane to be processed has an inner cavity groove opening along the head position, and at least a part of the bottom hole is connected to the inner cavity groove.

[0006] In some embodiments, in S1, the high-speed electric spark small hole machining specifically includes: A fixture is fixed on the high-speed electric spark small hole machine, and the guide vane to be processed is clamped on the fixture; a first electrode with required size parameters is installed on the high-speed electric spark small hole machine, and processing parameters of the high-speed electric spark small hole machine are set; When the operation is required, turn on the EDM high-speed small hole machine and the high-pressure working fluid supply switch. The first electrode makes a rotary motion and the high-pressure working fluid flushes at the same time. The EDM high-speed small hole machine performs pulse spark discharge and drills holes on the guide vanes to be processed, and forms several bottom holes in sequence.

[0007] Further, in S1, in the high-speed electric spark small hole machining, the parameters of the bottom hole are set as follows: the depth of the bottom hole is 5-6 mm smaller than the depth of the deep and narrow ventilation groove.

[0008] In some embodiments, in S1, during processing, if the bottom hole is processed to penetrate the inner cavity groove, the high-speed electric spark small hole machine is controlled to complete the processing of the bottom hole.

[0009] In some embodiments, in S1, the first electrode is a hollow copper tube electrode, and in operation, a high-pressure working fluid is introduced into the interior of the hollow copper tube electrode.

[0010] Furthermore, in S1, the radial dimension of the hollow copper tube electrode is controlled to be 1.93 mm-1.95 mm, and the flushing pressure inside the hollow tube is controlled to be 8 MPa-10 MPa.

[0011] In some embodiments, in S2, the second electrode is a hollow formed electrode, and the copper tube is pressed and formed based on the size parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation grooves to form the hollow formed electrode.

[0012] Furthermore, in S3, during the installation process, the hollow forming electrode is installed in the chuck and electrode clamp, and then the chuck and electrode clamp is connected to the electrospark forming machine. The chuck and electrode clamp can be connected to an external dielectric oil flushing pipe so that electrospark oil can be flushed into the part where the deep and narrow ventilation groove is processed under the processing state.

[0013] In some embodiments, S3 further includes adjusting the processing parameters of the electric spark forming machine, performing secondary finishing on the deep narrow ventilation grooves processed in S3, and completing the electric spark machining of the deep narrow ventilation grooves of the blade.

[0014] The present invention also provides a guide vane having a deep and narrow ventilation groove, and the deep and narrow ventilation groove is machined by the above-mentioned electric spark machining method for the deep and narrow ventilation groove of the guide vane.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the electric spark machining method for deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes and the guide vanes of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide blade, comprising the following steps: S1, using electrospark high-speed small hole machining, setting machining parameters and selecting a first electrode, machining a plurality of bottom holes from the shaft neck position on the blade root side of the guide blade to be machined to the inside thereof; wherein the deep and narrow ventilation groove machined and formed in the guide blade to be machined is a groove from the shaft neck position on the blade root side of the guide blade to the inside thereof; S2, making a second electrode according to the groove parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove, installing the second electrode and corresponding auxiliary components to an electrospark forming machine; wherein the transverse direction of the second electrode is The cross-section is adapted to the cross-section shape of the deep and narrow ventilation groove; S3, installing the second electrode on the chuck and the electrode clamp, and then installing it on the electrospark forming machine; installing the guide blade to be processed with a plurality of bottom holes on the electrospark forming machine through the blade clamp, and the shaft neck position on the root side of the guide blade to be processed corresponds to the second electrode, flushing the side of the guide blade to be processed, adding oil to the electrospark forming machine, setting the processing parameters of the electrospark forming machine, and processing the deep and narrow ventilation groove; wherein, the guide blade to be processed has an inner cavity groove opening along the head position, and at least a part of the bottom holes are connected to the inner cavity groove. Based on the above, the present invention pre-processes part of the bottom hole at the position to be processed of the forming groove in the guide vane, and then adopts the method of forming the groove by electrospark forming with a hollow copper electrode, processes and forms the deep and narrow ventilation grooves on several bottom holes, and combines the full immersion liquid assisted hollow electrode oil flushing and lateral oil flushing for forming processing, thereby improving the oil flushing and chip removal conditions during the forming processing of the deep and narrow ventilation grooves, and improving the electrospark forming processing efficiency and surface processing quality of the guide vane. The present invention utilizes the electrospark high-speed small hole processing and electrospark forming processing technology, through the method of processing the prefabricated bottom hole, and then processing, and designs the corresponding electrospark forming electrode structure, solves the problems of slow electrospark processing speed, unstable processing, and defects in the remelting layer of the guide vane, effectively improves the processing quality and processing efficiency of the deep and narrow ventilation grooves of the aluminum alloy guide vanes of the aircraft engine, and the processing method of the present invention can be extended to the electrospark processing of other parts with similar structural characteristics, and can also be extended to the processing of deep holes, grooves, and flow channels with similar structural characteristics, and has better applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide vane in a guide vane according to an electrospark machining method of a deep and narrow ventilation groove of the guide vane of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of a guide vane according to the present invention, and a schematic diagram of the position structure of the deep and narrow ventilation grooves in the guide vane; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane and a structure of an inner cavity groove in a guide vane according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane, and a chuck and electrode clamping in a guide vane according to the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane and a structure of a hollow forming electrode in the guide vane.

[0018] Among them, 1. guide vane, 2. deep and narrow ventilation groove, 3. inner cavity groove, 4. exhaust hole, 5. sealing part, 6. hollow formed electrode, 7. tightening screw, 8. electrode clamp, 9. rivet, 10. oil nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] How to improve the oil flushing and chip removal conditions during the forming of deep and narrow ventilation grooves, improve the efficiency and surface processing quality of electrospark forming when processing deep and narrow ventilation grooves in guide vanes, and thus improve the quality of guide vanes.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides an electrospark machining method for deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes, comprising the following steps: S1, using high-speed electric spark small hole machining, setting machining parameters and selecting the first electrode, machining a plurality of bottom holes along the journal position on the blade root side of the guide blade to be machined toward the inside thereof; Among them, the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 formed by the guide blade to be processed is a groove extending from the journal position on the blade root side of the guide blade to the inside; S2, making a second electrode according to the groove parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2, and installing the second electrode and the corresponding auxiliary components into the electric spark forming machine, Wherein, the cross section of the second electrode is adapted to the cross section shape of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2; S3, installing the second electrode on the chuck and the electrode clamp, and then installing it on the EDM forming machine; installing the guide blade to be processed with a plurality of bottom holes on the EDM forming machine through the blade fixture, and making the shaft neck position on the root side of the guide blade to be processed correspond to the second electrode, using EDM forming oil immersion processing, the guide blade to be processed is completely immersed in the EDM oil, flushing the side of the guide blade to be processed, adding oil to the EDM forming machine, setting the processing parameters of the EDM forming machine, and processing the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2; The guide blade to be processed has an inner cavity groove 3 opened along the head position, and at least a part of the bottom hole is connected to the inner cavity groove 3.

[0027] The present invention adopts the high-speed electric spark small hole processing technology to process a plurality of bottom holes in the internal direction of the shaft neck position on the root side of the guide vane to be processed. The plurality of bottom holes are the basis for the subsequent formation of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2. The second electrode is made according to the groove parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2, and it is installed on the electric spark forming machine with the auxiliary components. The cross section of the second electrode matches the cross-sectional shape of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2. The second electrode and the guide vane to be processed are installed on the electric spark forming machine, and the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 is processed by lateral flushing and setting processing parameters. The guide vane to be processed has an inner cavity groove 3, and some bottom holes are connected to the inner cavity groove 3. The method can accurately and efficiently process the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 to meet the complex structural requirements of the guide vane. The present invention is suitable for a large number of processing materials, and there is no significant mechanical stress during the processing, which avoids damage to the guide vane. The method reduces the processing time, improves the oil flushing and chip removal conditions during the groove forming process, and improves the processing quality.

[0028] The present invention uses electric spark to process the bottom hole at high speed, which is highly efficient and improves the processing quality and efficiency. High-speed electric spark small hole processing uses high-pressure water flushing, which has a fast processing speed, a large advantage in processing blind holes, and a high processing accuracy. It only takes about 10 minutes to process four bottom holes. The depth of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 is generally 56mm, and the bottom hole processing depth set by the hollow copper tube electrode is generally 5-6mm less than the depth of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2. The radial dimension of the hollow copper tube electrode is controlled to be 1.93mm-1.95mm, and the flushing pressure inside the hollow is controlled to be 8MPa-10Mpa. The present invention provides sufficient space for the subsequent processing of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 by reasonably setting the bottom hole depth, while avoiding the subsequent forming groove that cannot completely cover the processed bottom hole due to excessive processing. The hollow copper tube electrode can provide better cooling and chip removal effects, which helps to improve processing efficiency and electrode life. The stability and accuracy of the electric spark processing are ensured by accurately controlling the electrode size and flushing pressure.

[0029] The four prefabricated bottom holes are processed into rows of bottom holes with their edges close to each other but not connected. This can not only maintain the high-pressure water pressure during the EDM high-speed small hole processing, and prevent pressure release due to the connection of small holes, thereby giving full play to the high efficiency of EDM high-speed small hole processing, but also remove as much material as possible, eliminating most of the processing allowance for the forming of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2. In actual operation, the original forming processing time can be shortened from 30 to 40 minutes to 10 minutes.

[0030] The second electrode of the present invention is a hollow formed electrode 6 formed by pressing a hollow copper tube. The copper electrode has good discharge, good ductility and is easy to form. The center of the hollow formed electrode 6 is made hollow to allow flowing dielectrics to increase the discharge of electro-erosion products, improve the discharge conditions, and improve the surface quality of the electrospark forming. The hollow formed electrode 6 is designed to have a wall thickness of 1 mm and a center gap of about 0.5 mm. It can be pressed using a copper tube with an outer diameter of 10 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm. The outer shape is ground into a hollow formed electrode 6 of 2.5 mm × 14.5 mm. The single-sided discharge gap of the hollow formed electrode 6 is about 0.20 mm, ensuring that the processed groove size is qualified. The present invention ensures the correct installation and stable processing of the hollow formed electrode 6, while providing the necessary cooling and chip removal conditions.

[0031] The inner cavity groove 3 milled in the previous process is fully utilized, and a flushing channel is formed by connecting with the bottom hole of the high-speed small hole processing, increasing the flushing liquid in the core of the copper electrode, strengthening the oil flushing and chip removal, and timely flushing and removing the electro-erosion products and carbon deposits generated during the processing to ensure sufficient cooling during the processing, improve the carbon deposits and abnormal discharge during the EDM forming process, accelerate the discharge of discharge products, and improve the efficiency and surface quality of the EDM forming process. By adjusting the EDM forming process parameters, the rough and fine processing are combined and the translation is increased to improve the final electro-processing surface quality of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2.

[0032] The present invention also provides a guide vane, which has the above-mentioned deep and narrow ventilation grooves, and the deep and narrow ventilation grooves are formed by the electric spark machining method of the deep and narrow ventilation grooves of the guide vane of the present invention. The middle part of the guide vane 1 finally formed is processed with a deep and narrow ventilation groove 2, an inner cavity groove 3 and an exhaust hole 4, and the head position is welded with a strip to seal to form a cold air channel. The guide vane of the present invention has a deep and narrow ventilation groove accurately machined by the electric spark machining method, which can meet complex work requirements and improve the performance and reliability of the guide vane.

[0033] The following is a further detailed description of an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane and a guide vane of the present invention through specific embodiments.

[0034] EDM machining method for deep and narrow grooves of aluminum alloy guide vanes: Pre-process the bottom hole; like Figure 1 As shown, during the EDM groove process, the inner groove on the side of the guide vane head, which is finally sealed by the welding insert, has been milled to form a narrow gap of 2 mm wide. At this time, the insert has not been assembled and welded, forming an open space.

[0035] In order to solve the problem of poor cooling effect of oil flushing in EDM forming, the milled inner cavity groove 3 is used, and a high-speed EDM small hole machine is used to pre-process the bottom hole from the journal side. The bottom hole is processed in the 3mm×15mm area of ​​the groove position, and is connected with the milled inner cavity groove. Oil is flushed from the side of the milling cutter groove gap to improve chip removal and cooling effects through the open channel formed. In order to facilitate small hole processing, four adjacent small holes with a diameter of 2mm are processed side by side. The holes are not connected to each other, which is conducive to the discharge of high-speed EDM processing and can remove more processing materials for subsequent processing. like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in actual operation, the present invention can use copper electrodes to process hollow formed electrodes 6, make the center of the hollow electrode, add an oil flushing channel on the electrode chuck 8, flush and cool the EDM machining part through the hollow electrode, flush the discharge products in time, and form a good discharge environment.

[0036] Specifically: Fix the fixture and blade on the high-speed electric spark small hole machine, align and press them.

[0037] The high-speed EDM small-hole machine is installed with a copper tube electrode of 1.95 mm in diameter, and high-pressure water flushing is started to machine four bottom holes of 2 mm in diameter in the journal hole of the guide vane 1 at the position of the positive groove. The machining depth is set to 50 mm, and the machining depth is adjusted based on the penetration of the inner cavity groove, that is, visual water flow.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the electrode shaft of the EDM forming machine is connected by a rivet 9, the electrode chuck 8 and the hollow formed electrode 6 are installed on the EDM forming machine, the tightening screw 7 tightens the hollow formed electrode 6, an oil flushing channel is added to the electrode chuck 8, an oil nozzle 10 is installed on the electrode chuck to connect the dielectric oil flushing pipe (not shown in the figure), and the EDM oil is flushed to the part where the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 is processed through the channel of the oil nozzle 10 and the hollow formed electrode 6.

[0039] The blade fixture is installed on the EDM forming machine, the guide vane 1 is installed, and the lateral oil flushing pipe is aligned with the milling cutter mouth of the cavity groove 3 to flush liquid from the side. The EDM forming machine is refueled until the liquid level immerses the guide vane 1, and the forming process is performed by full immersion auxiliary hollow electrode oil flushing and lateral oil flushing.

[0040] The present invention first selects the electromachining parameters to form the rough-machined deep and narrow ventilation grooves 2 by electrospark forming, and after the rough-machined deep and narrow ventilation grooves 2 are completed, the parameters are adjusted to fine-machine the deep and narrow ventilation grooves 2, while increasing the translation to improve the accuracy of the inner surface of the groove, and finally forming a finely machined guide vane.

[0041] The present invention discloses an electrospark machining method for a deep and narrow ventilation groove of a guide vane, and a guide vane. The machining method solves the defects of a certain type of aero-engine guide vane ventilation groove, such as a long machining time, a thick remelting layer on the electrospark machining surface, arc burns on the surface, and a rough surface. By optimizing the electrospark machining parameters, the problems of slow electrospark machining speed, unstable machining, and defects in the remelting layer of the guide vane 1 are improved. In practical applications, the machining time of the deep and narrow ventilation groove 2 is reduced from 40 minutes to less than 20 minutes, and the production efficiency is more than doubled. The machining method can be applied to the electrospark machining of other parts with similar structural features, and can also be applied to the machining of deep holes, grooves, and flow channels with similar structural features. The flushing channel is prefabricated at the electrospark forming part of the part, and the advantage of high machining efficiency of the electrospark high-speed small hole machining method can be used to remove part of the material, and the problems of poor flushing and abnormal discharge in the electrospark forming process can also be improved, which can greatly improve the production efficiency and has better applicability.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the specification and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrospark machining method for deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, using high-speed electric spark small hole machining, setting machining parameters and selecting the first electrode, machining a plurality of bottom holes along the journal position on the blade root side of the guide blade to be machined toward the inside thereof; The deep narrow ventilation groove (2) formed by machining the guide blade to be machined is a groove extending from the journal position on the blade root side to the inside of the guide blade to be machined; S2, manufacturing a second electrode according to the groove parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2), and installing the second electrode and corresponding auxiliary components into the electric spark forming machine; The cross section of the second electrode is adapted to the cross section of the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2); S3, installing the second electrode on the chuck and the electrode clamp, and then installing it on the electric spark forming machine; installing the guide blade to be processed with a plurality of bottom holes on the electric spark forming machine through the blade clamp, and aligning the shaft journal position on the root side of the guide blade to be processed with the second electrode, flushing the side of the guide blade to be processed, adding oil to the electric spark forming machine, setting the processing parameters of the electric spark forming machine, and processing the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2); The guide blade to be processed has an inner cavity groove (3) which is open along the head position, and at least a part of the bottom hole is in communication with the inner cavity groove (3).

2. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the high-speed electric spark small hole machining specifically includes: A fixture is fixed on the high-speed electric spark small hole machine, and the guide vane to be processed is clamped on the fixture; a first electrode with required size parameters is installed on the high-speed electric spark small hole machine, and processing parameters of the high-speed electric spark small hole machine are set; When the operation is required, turn on the EDM high-speed small hole machine and the high-pressure working fluid supply switch. The first electrode makes a rotary motion and the high-pressure working fluid flushes at the same time. The EDM high-speed small hole machine performs pulse spark discharge and drills holes on the guide vanes to be processed, and forms several bottom holes in sequence.

3. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the S1, in the high-speed electric spark small hole machining, the parameters of the bottom hole are set as follows: the depth of the bottom hole is 5-6 mm smaller than the depth of the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2).

4. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, during machining, if the bottom hole is machined to penetrate the inner cavity groove (3), the high-speed electric spark small hole machine is controlled to complete the machining of the bottom hole.

5. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S1, the first electrode is a hollow copper tube electrode, and in the working state, a high-pressure working fluid is introduced into the interior of the hollow copper tube electrode.

6. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the S1, the radial dimension of the hollow copper tube electrode is controlled to be 1.93 mm-1.95 mm, and the flushing pressure inside the hollow tube is controlled to be 8 MPa-10 MPa.

7. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S2, the second electrode is a hollow formed electrode (6), which is formed by pressing a copper tube based on the size parameters of the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2) to form the hollow formed electrode (6).

8. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S3, during the installation process, the hollow forming electrode (6) is installed in the chuck and electrode clamp, and then the chuck and electrode clamp is connected to the electric spark forming machine. The chuck and electrode clamp can be connected to an external dielectric oil flushing pipe so that electric spark oil can be flushed to the part where the deep and narrow ventilation groove (2) is processed in the processing state.

9. The method for electrospark machining of deep and narrow ventilation grooves of guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 also includes adjusting the machining parameters of the electric spark forming machine, performing secondary finishing on the deep narrow ventilation groove (2) machined by S3, and completing the electric spark machining of the deep narrow ventilation groove (2) of the blade.

10. A guide vane, characterized in that: The guide vane has a deep narrow ventilation groove (2), and the deep narrow ventilation groove (2) is machined by the electric spark machining method for the deep narrow ventilation groove of the guide vane according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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