Arch breaking scraper and scraper conveyor

Abstract

The invention discloses an arch breaking scraper and a scraper conveyor, and belongs to the technical field of belt conveyor cleaning equipment. The arch breaking plate comprises an arch breaking plate body, a plurality of arch breaking teeth which are continuously distributed are formed at the bottom of the arch breaking plate body, the arch breaking teeth are used for conducting arch breaking treatment on hardened materials, and the materials after arch breaking can freely pass through gaps between the adjacent arch breaking teeth; wherein the ratio of the tooth root width H to the tooth height h of the arch breaking tooth is controlled to be 1-3 times. According to the arch-breaking scraper blade, the tooth height and the tooth root width of the arch-breaking teeth are optimally designed, so that the situation that the service life of the arch-breaking teeth is affected due to the fact that the strength of the arch-breaking teeth is reduced due to the fact that the arch-breaking teeth are too sharp can be effectively prevented; the situation that the space between every two adjacent arch breaking teeth is too large, the arch breaking operation on hardened materials with small hardened areas is missed, and then the arch breaking efficiency is affected can be prevented; therefore, the arch breaking efficiency and the service life can be well considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of belt conveyor cleaning equipment, and more specifically, relates to an arch-breaking scraper and a scraper machine. Background Art

[0002] Belt conveyors are widely used in modern large-scale industrial production to transport materials. They have large flow and uninterrupted working characteristics, which can effectively ensure the continuous stability of industrial production. However, in the actual production process, due to various reasons, the belt conveyor head often has material falling, which not only wastes raw materials but also is not conducive to clean production. Traditional operations often arrange manual cleaning, which not only increases labor costs, but also due to the limited space at the bottom of the belt conveyor, it is difficult to clean manually and is prone to safety accidents.

[0003] In order to solve the problem that manual cleaning of belt falling materials is time-consuming, labor-intensive and low in safety, a series of scraper cleaning machines applied to the bottom of belt conveyors have appeared on the market to replace manual cleaning and collection of belt conveyor falling materials. At the same time, the applicant has also been committed to the research and development, design and structural optimization of scraper cleaning machines. For example, the applicant disclosed a scraper for breaking the arch of the bottom cleaning machine of the belt conveyor in the patent CN209367201U. The scraper cleaning machine of the application is equipped with an arch-breaking scraper and a scraper scraper, wherein the arch-breaking scraper and the scraper scraper are connected in series in a parallel state through a chain, and reciprocate at the bottom of the belt conveyor through the chain. After the scraper scraper scrapes the material on the belt, it is easy to form an arch at the bottom of the belt. After the arch is dredged by the arch-breaking scraper, it is taken out of the cleaning machine by the scraper scraper, thereby achieving the purpose of breaking the arch. However, after using it for a period of time, it was found that there was a phenomenon of piled materials under the chain, which easily led to floating chains, so that the falling could not be scraped cleanly.

[0004] Based on the above shortcomings, the applicant continued to optimize the design. In the patent CN216548062U, a combined scraper for the anti-floating chain of a belt sweeper is disclosed. The application includes a first scraper body and a second scraper body, and a first reinforcing plate is welded at both ends of the first scraper body, and the first reinforcing plate is connected to the chain interface; the chain interfaces on both sides of the first scraper body and the second scraper body are connected to the chain. The combined scraper for the anti-floating chain of the belt sweeper is used for arch breaking by welding and breaking the arch through the teeth first, and then the accumulated waste is broken. After the arch breaking of the two teeth is completed, when the remaining material is scraped away by the toothless scraper, the extensions on both sides of the toothless scraper directly scrape away the material under the chain. With the movement of the toothless scraper, the remaining material can be scraped clean, avoiding the floating chain problem caused by accumulation. By combining the two scrapers together, the arch breaking is more complete, and the floating chain problem is avoided at the same time. However, this application also has certain problems, that is, the service life of the scraper is short, especially the tooth part, which needs to be replaced after a period of use, which not only affects the continuity of production but also increases the cost of accessories. Therefore, designing an arch-breaking scraper that takes into account both arch-breaking efficiency and service life is of great significance in production practice. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Problems to be solved

[0006] In view of at least some of the problems existing in the above prior art, the present invention proposes an arch-breaking scraper and a scraper machine, which aims to solve the problem that the arch-breaking scraper of the existing scraper machine cannot well balance the arch-breaking efficiency and service life.

[0007] 2. Technical solution

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention provides an arch-breaking scraper, comprising an arch-breaking plate body, wherein a plurality of continuously distributed arch-breaking teeth are formed at the bottom of the arch-breaking plate body, wherein the arch-breaking teeth are used to perform arch-breaking processing on compacted materials, and the arch-broken materials can freely pass through the gaps between adjacent arch-breaking teeth; wherein the tooth height h of the arch-breaking teeth is 5-15 mm; the tooth root width H of the arch-breaking teeth is 15-25 mm, and the ratio of the tooth root width H to the tooth height h is controlled to be 1-3 times.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross section of the arch-breaking tooth is an axisymmetric figure, and the angle between the two side surfaces is 80-100°.

[0011] Furthermore, a hard layer is formed on the outer surface of the arch-breaking tooth, and the hardness of the hard layer is 300-600 HB.

[0012] Furthermore, the arch breaking teeth are made of wear-resistant steel.

[0013] Furthermore, two arch-breaking plate bodies are arranged in parallel in front and back, and the two arch-breaking plate bodies are connected by a connecting plate; wherein the upper and lower end surfaces of the arch-breaking plate bodies are processed with the arch-breaking teeth, and a spacing is left between the two arch-breaking plate bodies.

[0014] Furthermore, the arch-breaking teeth of the two arch-breaking plate bodies located on the end surface on the same side of the connecting plate are of equal height and staggered distribution.

[0015] Furthermore, the arch-breaking teeth of the two arch-breaking plate bodies located on the end surface on the same side of the connecting plate are aligned and distributed at unequal heights.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the two broken arch plate bodies is 20-50 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the arch-breaking plate body and the connecting plate are integrally formed of hot-rolled H-shaped steel, the web of the H-shaped steel forms the connecting plate, and the wing plates on both sides form the arch-breaking plate body.

[0018] Furthermore, the arch-breaking teeth are overall in the shape of an isosceles triangle, an isosceles trapezoid, or a truncated cone.

[0019] The present invention discloses an arch-breaking scraper, comprising an arch-breaking plate body, wherein a plurality of continuously distributed arch-breaking teeth are formed at the bottom of the arch-breaking plate body, wherein the arch-breaking teeth are used to perform arch-breaking treatment on compacted materials, and the arch-broken materials can freely pass through the gaps between adjacent arch-breaking teeth; wherein a hard layer is formed on the outer surface of the arch-breaking teeth, and the hardness of the hard layer is 360-450 HB; and the tooth root width H of the arch-breaking teeth is 1.5-2.5 times the tooth height h of the arch-breaking teeth.

[0020] A scraper machine of the present invention comprises a scraper machine body and a scraper assembly arranged on the scraper machine body; wherein the scraper assembly comprises toothed scrapers and toothless scrapers arranged at intervals, and the toothless scraper is any of the above-mentioned arch-breaking scrapers.

[0021] 3. Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The arch-breaking scraper of the present invention can effectively prevent the arch-breaking teeth from being too sharp and reducing their own strength, thereby affecting their service life, by optimizing the design of the tooth height and tooth root width of the arch-breaking teeth; it can also prevent the spacing between adjacent arch-breaking teeth from being too large, thereby missing the arch-breaking operation of some compacted materials with smaller compacted areas, thereby affecting the arch-breaking efficiency; thereby, it can well take into account both the arch-breaking efficiency and the service life.

[0024] (2) In the arch-breaking scraper of the present invention, the arch-breaking teeth are designed as an axisymmetric figure, and the angle between the two isosceles sides is controlled at 80-100°, which can make the arch-breaking teeth bear more uniform force during the arch-breaking process, and is also beneficial to extending their service life.

[0025] (3) In the arch-breaking scraper of the present invention, the upper and lower end faces of the arch-breaking scraper body are both processed with arch-breaking teeth. When the arch-breaking teeth on one end face are damaged, the arch-breaking teeth on the other end face can be replaced and continued to be used, thereby effectively extending the service life of the arch-breaking scraper body.

[0026] (4) In the arch-breaking scraper of the present invention, the arch-breaking teeth on the two arch-breaking plate bodies are of equal height and staggered distribution, which can effectively avoid the limitation and omission of arch breaking to ensure the arch-breaking efficiency; and the arch-breaking teeth on the two arch-breaking plate bodies are aligned and distributed in high and low positions, so that arch breaking can be carried out in steps for some severely compacted materials, while ensuring the arch-breaking efficiency, the damage of the arch-breaking teeth can be minimized.

[0027] (5) The arch-breaking scraper of the present invention is directly processed using H-shaped steel without the need for welding operations, which not only makes the processing more convenient and quicker; at the same time, the H-shaped steel has higher strength and rigidity, which is also beneficial to extending the service life of the arch-breaking scraper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an arch-breaking scraper of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at the center A;

[0030] Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of an arch-breaking scraper of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arch-breaking teeth on the two arch-breaking plate bodies of the present invention being of equal height and staggered distribution;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the arch-breaking teeth on the two arch-breaking plate bodies of the present invention are distributed in high and low positions;

[0033] Figure 6 This is an implementation method of the arch breaking tooth in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the contact between the arch-breaking teeth and the upper conveying belt in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. arch-breaking plate body; 11. arch-breaking teeth; 2. connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an arch-breaking scraper of this embodiment includes an arch-breaking plate body 1, the lower end surface (with Figure 1 The arch-breaking teeth 11 are formed with a plurality of continuously distributed arch-breaking teeth 11 (the direction of the paper in the figure is taken as the standard). The arch-breaking teeth 11 are mainly used to break the arch of the compacted materials, or to break up the materials that are piled together but not compacted, and the arch-breaking or broken up materials can freely pass through the gaps between adjacent arch-breaking teeth 11, so as to facilitate the subsequent toothless scraper to clean the materials. At the same time, it is worth mentioning that the continuous distribution here means that there is no gap between the tooth roots of two adjacent arch-breaking teeth 11.

[0040] In this embodiment, the ratio of the tooth root width H to the tooth height h of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is controlled to be 1-3 times, preferably 1.5-2.5 times. For example, 1.6 times, 1.9 times, 2.4 times, etc., to take into account the strength and arch-breaking efficiency of the arch-breaking tooth 11. This is because, when the tooth height h is constant, if the tooth root width H is too small, the tooth shape of the entire arch-breaking tooth 11 will appear more sharp, which is not conducive to ensuring its own strength. At the same time, since the arch-breaking teeth 11 are continuously distributed, too small tooth root width H will lead to a smaller spacing between adjacent arch-breaking teeth 11, which is prone to material jamming. If the tooth root width H is too large, the spacing between adjacent arch-breaking teeth 11 will also increase, although the self-strength of the arch-breaking tooth 11 can be guaranteed, while avoiding the phenomenon of material jamming. However, for some small hardened areas, the hardened materials will pass between the two arch-breaking teeth 11 and will not contact the arch-breaking teeth 11, so that the arch-breaking purpose cannot be completed, thereby affecting the arch-breaking efficiency of the entire arch-breaking scraper.

[0041] Among them, the selection of tooth height generally needs to be higher than the height of the plate material; at the same time, based on the consideration of the strength of the arch-breaking tooth 11 itself, the tooth height should be as low as possible. The selection of tooth root width directly affects the tooth spacing of adjacent teeth. Therefore, the tooth root width should be smaller than the distance occupied by the plate material along the length direction of the arch-breaking plate body 1 (this distance can be defined as the width of the plate material) to prevent missing part of the plate material; at the same time, considering the strength of the arch-breaking tooth 11 itself, the tooth root width should be as large as possible. In other words, the tooth height should be as small as possible on the premise that it is greater than the height of the plate material. And the tooth root width should be as large as possible on the premise that it is less than the width of the plate material.

[0042] Preferably, the tooth height of the arch breaking tooth 11 is 5-15 mm, such as 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, etc. The tooth root width of the arch breaking tooth 11 is 15-25 mm, such as 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm, etc. Of course, the tooth height and tooth root width can be adjusted according to the compaction of different materials under different working conditions.

[0043] Furthermore, the cross section of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is an axisymmetric shape, such as a triangle, a trapezoid, a cone, a truncated cone, etc. At the same time, the angle between the two side surfaces of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is preferably 80-100°, so that the arch-breaking tooth 11 is subjected to more uniform force during the arch-breaking process, thereby helping to reduce the degree of damage. It should be noted that the above-mentioned symmetrical structure is not strictly geometrically symmetrical, but allows for a certain degree of processing error.

[0044] Specifically in this embodiment, the root width H of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is 20 mm, the tooth height h is 10 mm, and the ratio between the two is 2. At the same time, the arch-breaking tooth 11 is an isosceles triangle as a whole, and the angle α between the two isosceles sides is 90°.

[0045] refer to Figure 7 As shown, generally speaking, in order to ensure the arch-breaking efficiency of the arch-breaking tooth 11, its top is usually designed to be spike-shaped. However, when the arch-breaking scraper in this embodiment is used in conjunction with a scraper cleaning machine, it is installed under the belt conveyor. Due to the limited space below the belt conveyor, it is generally around 300mm (the distance between the return belt and the ground). In some extreme spaces, it is less than 300mm. At the same time, due to the long length of the conveyor belt, it is generally several meters or even tens of meters. Generally speaking, there are rollers for V-shaped support in the conveying section of the conveyor belt, and due to limited space, the conveyor belt on the return journey is generally spread out flat. Therefore, the conveyor belt on the return journey will sink to a certain extent. In addition, in order to increase the strength of the conveyor belt, steel wire is generally added to the belt, thereby increasing the deadweight of the conveyor belt and further increasing the sinking amount of the conveyor belt. At this time, the arch-breaking teeth 11 are prone to contact between the conveyor belts. If the tooth tip of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is too sharp, it is easy to scratch or even tear the surface of the belt. Therefore, refer to Figure 6As shown, the arch-breaking tooth 11 can adopt a trapezoidal structure, so that the top of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is a surface, rather than a line or a point, thereby reducing the damage to the belt. Preferably, the top width of the arch-breaking tooth 11 is 3-8 mm. In this way, the arch-breaking efficiency can be guaranteed and the damage to the ground belt can be minimized. Furthermore, the edge of the top of the arch-breaking tooth 11 can be rounded to make the edge of the top more rounded, which can further reduce the damage to the belt.

[0046] In addition, during the arch breaking process, the arch breaking tooth 11 needs to have a certain scraping strength to overcome the cohesion and friction between the materials and complete the arch breaking operation; on the other hand, it is necessary to prevent its hardness from being too high, which will lead to a decrease in toughness, making the arch breaking tooth 11 brittle and easy to break when the arch is broken. Therefore, a hard layer is formed on the outer surface of the arch breaking tooth 11, and the hardness of the hard layer (i.e., the surface hardness of the arch breaking tooth 11) can be controlled within the range of 300 to 600 HB, preferably 360 to 450 HB, for example, 380 HB, 400 HB, 420 HB, etc. Therefore, the arch breaking tooth 11 has a certain toughness and is not easy to be broken under the premise of having a certain scraping strength.

[0047] In fact, the arch-breaking teeth 11 are usually formed by processing on the arch-breaking plate body 1. That is to say, the surface hardness of the arch-breaking teeth 11 is the surface hardness of the arch-breaking teeth 11. At this time, the arch-breaking plate body 1 can directly adopt wear-resistant steel. For example, NM400 wear-resistant steel, etc. Of course, the arch-breaking teeth 11 can also be subjected to surface treatment to improve their hardness, for example, such as carburizing, nitriding, plating, etc.

[0048] The arch-breaking scraper of this embodiment can well balance the arch-breaking efficiency and service life by optimizing the tooth height h and tooth root width H of the arch-breaking teeth 11. It can effectively prevent the arch-breaking teeth 11 from being too sharp and reducing their own strength, thereby ensuring their service life; it can also prevent the spacing between adjacent arch-breaking teeth 11 from being too large, thereby missing the arch-breaking operation of some compacted materials with smaller compacted areas, thereby ensuring the arch-breaking efficiency.

[0049] refer to Figure 3 As shown, as another implementation of an arch-breaking scraper of this embodiment, two arch-breaking plate bodies 1 are arranged in parallel in front and back, and the two arch-breaking plate bodies 1 are connected by a connecting plate 2, and a certain distance is left between the two arch-breaking plate bodies 1. The existence of this distance forms a buffer area between the two arch-breaking plate bodies 1, and preferably, the distance between the buffer area is 20-50mm. On the one hand, it prevents the accumulation of materials in the buffer area; on the other hand, it can ensure the overall structural strength of the arch-breaking scraper as much as possible.

[0050] Furthermore, arch breaking teeth 11 are processed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the two arch breaking plate bodies 1. When the arch breaking teeth 11 of one end surface are damaged, the arch breaking teeth 11 of the other end surface can be replaced for continued use, thereby effectively extending the service life of the arch breaking plate body 1.

[0051] That is to say, the arch-breaking scraper in this embodiment is an "I"-shaped structure as a whole. Preferably, the "I"-shaped structure can be directly selected as hot-rolled H-shaped steel. That is, the web of the H-shaped steel forms the above-mentioned connecting plate 2, and the wing plates on both sides form the above-mentioned arch-breaking plate body 1. In this way, no additional welding operation is required between the arch-breaking plate body 1 and the connecting plate 2, which not only simplifies the processing; at the same time, since the hot-rolled H-shaped steel is integrally formed, the internal stress is less, and it has higher strength and rigidity, which is also conducive to extending the service life of the arch-breaking scraper.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, as an arrangement mode of the arch-breaking teeth 11, in this embodiment, the arch-breaking teeth 11 on the same side end surface of the two arch-breaking plate bodies 1 of the connecting plate 2 are of equal height and staggered distribution. In other words, the tooth shapes of the front and rear rows of arch-breaking teeth 11 are consistent, but the overall staggered distance is a certain distance. Preferably, the staggered distance is half the root width of the tooth.

[0053] It should be noted that the front and back here are based on the moving direction of the arch-breaking scraper, that is, the front arch-breaking teeth 11 first break the compacted materials. If a small area of ​​compacted materials passes through the tooth spacing of the front row of arch-breaking teeth 11 and is not broken, the back row of arch-breaking teeth 11 can be used to break the arches, thereby effectively preventing missed arches and ensuring the arch-breaking effect. Alternatively, although the front arch-breaking teeth 11 have completed the arch-breaking of the compacted materials, they have not been completely crushed; at this time, the back row of arch-breaking teeth 11 can also be used for secondary crushing to further improve the success rate of arch-breaking, thereby ensuring the arch-breaking efficiency.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, as another distribution method of the arch-breaking teeth 11, the arch-breaking teeth 11 on the same side end surface of the connecting plate 2 of the two arch-breaking plate bodies 1 are aligned, but distributed in high and low. That is, the front row of arch-breaking teeth 11 and the back row of arch-breaking teeth 11 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the tooth root width is the same, but the tooth height is different. Among them, the tooth height of the front row of arch-breaking teeth 11 is lower than the tooth height of the back row of arch-breaking teeth 11. When encountering a material with more serious compaction, the arch is broken once by the front row of arch-breaking teeth 11 with low tooth height; and then the arch is broken twice by the back row of arch-breaking teeth 11 with high tooth height. In this way, while ensuring the arch-breaking efficiency, the damage to the front row of arch-breaking teeth 11 can be minimized.

[0055] The arch-breaking scraper of the present embodiment can further ensure the arch-breaking efficiency and extend the service life of the arch-breaking scraper by performing arch-breaking in stages through the front and rear groups of arch-breaking teeth 11 and the replacement of the upper and lower groups of arch-breaking teeth 11.

[0056] In addition, this embodiment also provides a scraper, which includes a scraper body and a scraper assembly arranged on the scraper body. The scraper body can adopt a structure of the technology, such as CN218173684U, CN211225108U, etc. The scraper assembly includes toothed scrapers and toothless scrapers arranged at intervals. The toothed scrapers can also adopt existing technologies, such as CN216511068U, CN216548062U, etc. The toothless scraper adopts the above-mentioned arch-breaking scraper.

[0057] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arch-breaking scraper, comprising an arch-breaking scraper body (1), characterized in that: A plurality of continuously distributed arch-breaking teeth (11) are formed at the bottom of the arch-breaking plate body (1), and the arch-breaking teeth (11) are used to break the arch of compacted materials, and the arch-broken materials can freely pass through the gaps between adjacent arch-breaking teeth (11); wherein the tooth height h of the arch-breaking teeth (11) is 5-15 mm; the tooth root width H of the arch-breaking teeth (11) is 15-25 mm, and the ratio of the tooth root width H to the tooth height h is controlled to be 1-3 times.

2. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the arch-breaking tooth (11) is an axisymmetric figure, and the angle between the two side surfaces is 80-100°.

3. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hard layer is formed on the outer surface of the arch-breaking tooth (11), and the hardness of the hard layer is 300-600 HB.

4. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arch breaking teeth (11) are made of wear-resistant steel.

5. An arch-breaking scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The arch-breaking plate bodies (1) are provided in parallel in front and back, and the two arch-breaking plate bodies (1) are connected by a connecting plate (2); wherein the upper and lower end surfaces of the arch-breaking plate bodies (1) are processed with the arch-breaking teeth (11), and a spacing is left between the two arch-breaking plate bodies (1).

6. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arch-breaking teeth (11) of the two arch-breaking plate bodies (1) located on the same side end surface of the connecting plate (2) are of equal height and staggered distribution.

7. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arch-breaking teeth (11) of the two arch-breaking plate bodies (1) located on the same side end surface of the connecting plate (2) are aligned and distributed at unequal heights.

8. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the two broken arch plate bodies (1) is 20-50 mm.

9. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arch-breaking plate body (1) and the connecting plate (2) are integrally formed of hot-rolled H-shaped steel, the web of the H-shaped steel forms the connecting plate (2), and the wing plates on both sides form the arch-breaking plate body (1).

10. The arch-breaking scraper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arch-breaking teeth (11) are in the shape of an isosceles triangle, an isosceles trapezoid, or a truncated cone as a whole.

11. An arch-breaking scraper, comprising an arch-breaking scraper body (1), characterized in that: A plurality of continuously distributed arch-breaking teeth (11) are formed at the bottom of the arch-breaking plate body (1), and the arch-breaking teeth (11) are used to break the arch of compacted materials, and the arch-broken materials can freely pass through the gaps between adjacent arch-breaking teeth (11); wherein a hard layer is formed on the outer surface of the arch-breaking teeth (11), and the hardness of the hard layer is 360-450 HB; and the tooth root width H of the arch-breaking teeth (11) is 1.5-2.5 times the tooth height h of the arch-breaking teeth (11).

12. A scraper, comprising a scraper body and a scraper assembly arranged on the scraper body; wherein: The scraper assembly comprises a toothed scraper and a toothless scraper which are arranged at intervals, and is characterized in that the toothless scraper is an arch-breaking scraper as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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