Negative plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper

Abstract

The invention provides a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic copper equipment. A stainless steel plate A (the texture direction is in the rolling direction), a copper foil and a stainless steel plate B (the texture direction is perpendicular to the rolling direction) are subjected to high-pressure vacuum compounding and edge ion beam welding, and then the stainless steel plate A, the copper foil and the stainless steel plate B are welded with a conducting rod to form an integral cathode plate structure. The method can not only effectively prevent electrode plate conductivity reduction and uneven charge distribution caused by passivation of the inner surface of the electrode plate, greatly improve the electrolytic efficiency and the current utilization rate, but also effectively prevent deformation or short circuit of the cathode plate, and realize green energy-saving production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic copper equipment, and in particular to a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper. Background Art

[0002] Cathode copper is a metal material with wide applications and important value. In the production process, crude copper plates are used as anodes and stainless steel sheets are used as cathodes, which are immersed in copper sulfate electrolyte. After low-voltage direct current is applied, the crude copper ions on the anode plates gradually dissolve and become free in the electrolyte, and then migrate to the cathode plates, accept electrons and precipitate high-purity copper (cathode copper) on the cathode plates. The purity of cathode copper can usually reach more than 99.99%.

[0003] The preparation of high-purity copper by electrolysis requires huge energy consumption. It usually takes 2000-2500 kWh of electricity to produce one ton of cathode copper. In the production process of cathode copper, the distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is usually between 5-15 mm. The temperature rise of the plate and the solution caused by the high resistance of the stainless steel sheet not only leads to a continuous increase in energy consumption and unstable electrolysis efficiency, but also the bottom of the plate is easily deformed due to thermal deformation, which can cause contact short circuits and lead to electrolysis failure. Therefore, reducing the cell voltage, suppressing the heating of the plate and preventing the deformation of the plate are the main means to improve the current utilization efficiency and reduce the energy consumption per unit of electrolytic copper. It is to improve the efficiency of electrolytic copper, reduce energy consumption and achieve green and energy-saving production.

[0004] However, in the process of preparing high-purity copper by electrolysis, there are common problems such as high energy consumption, deformation of cathode plates and low electrical efficiency utilization. Patent 201220675554.8 discloses an electrolytic copper cathode plate, which improves the overall strength and service life of the plate panel by setting reinforcing ribs, but this method will lead to an increase in the volume of the equipment, increase manufacturing costs, and cause the effective area of ​​electrolytic copper to be precipitated to decrease. Patent 202210252209.1 discloses a titanium-aluminum-titanium cathode plate, which improves the strength of the plate panel by welding an aluminum plate in the middle of two titanium plates. However, in the cathode plate, the titanium plate is a load-bearing component, and aluminum is a conductive body, and aluminum is very easy to passivate in a copper sulfate solution, thereby causing a decrease in electrolysis efficiency. Therefore, the component is not only expensive, but also has an unsatisfactory electrolysis efficiency. Patent 202111180874.6 discloses an electrolytic copper cathode plate, which is composed of a composite of stainless steel plate-copper plate-stainless steel plate. The current utilization efficiency is higher than that of the previous two patents, but due to the large amount of cathode plates used, the higher price of copper plates becomes the main cost of the cathode plates. Moreover, due to the use of non-sealed technology, it cannot fundamentally solve the fundamental problem of reduced electrolysis efficiency and deformation of cathode plates over time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper, so as to solve the technical problems of low electrolysis efficiency and easy deformation of the existing cathode plate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper, which mainly comprises a plate panel 1 and a conductive rod 2, wherein the plate panel 1 comprises n stainless steel plates 5 and a copper foil 6 arranged between two adjacent stainless steel plates 5, wherein n≥2;

[0008] The conductive rod 2 is a rectangular strip, and is welded to one side of the electrode panel 1 along the length direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive rod 2 includes a copper core 3 and a stainless steel layer 4 coated on the surface of the copper core 3. The copper core 3 is a rectangular strip. Two length × height surfaces and one length × width surface of the copper core 3 are coated with stainless steel. The conductive rod 2 is formed as a whole by drawing the copper core 3 coated with the stainless steel layer 4.

[0010] Furthermore, the uncoated length×width surface of the copper core 3 is connected to the copper foil 6 in the electrode panel 1 through a conductive tape.

[0011] Furthermore, the stainless steel plate 5 is 316L stainless steel or SUS304 stainless steel, and the texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates 5 is 45°, 90° or 180°.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the stainless steel plate 5 is 2-2.5 mm, and the thickness of the copper foil 6 is 10-20 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the stainless steel plate 5 and the copper foil 6 are bonded by conductive adhesive, the plate panel 1 is formed by hot pressing, and the side edges of the plate panel 1 are sealed by ion beam welding.

[0014] Furthermore, the conductive rod 2 and the electrode panel 1 are annealed at 400-450° C. for 20-40 minutes after being welded together.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper foil 6 is in the shape of a long strip, and the copper foil 6 is laid flat on the stainless steel plate in the shape of a grid.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention combines copper foil with double stainless steel sheets to fully utilize the high conductivity of copper foil, thereby greatly improving the conductivity of the cathode plate, reducing the potential difference between various parts of the cathode plate, and making the charge distribution on the surface of the cathode plate more uniform, thereby effectively improving the electrolysis efficiency and the utilization rate of the current, and reducing the heat loss of electric energy by more than 20%.

[0018] According to the rolling texture distribution of stainless steel plates, two (or more) layers are vertically stacked, which can suppress the overall deformation of the laminated plates due to the strain antagonism of the single thin plate, avoid short circuits, and significantly reduce labor maintenance costs.

[0019] Ion beam welding and edge sealing can not only prevent oxidation or passivation inside the electrode plate, improve electrolysis efficiency, and significantly reduce energy consumption, but also maintain stable operation of the electrolysis process.

[0020] According to the cathode plate structure of the present invention, the conductivity of the cathode plate mainly relies on the copper foil with low resistivity, and no longer relies on the stainless steel sheet with high resistivity, which can significantly suppress the heating of the cathode plate and improve the electrolysis efficiency. The test found that the surface voltage of the plate panel is completely equal after power is turned on, and there is no potential difference, indicating that the current and charge distribution uniformity during the electrolysis process is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a front view of the cathode plate of Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 is a side view of the cathode plate of Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 is a front view of the cathode plate of Example 2;

[0024] Figure 4 is a side view of the cathode plate of Example 2;

[0025] Figure 5 to Figure 7 Schematic diagram of grain orientation of stainless steel plate;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of welding seal;

[0027] Among them, 1-electrode plate panel, 2-conductive rod, 3-copper core, 4-stainless steel layer, 5-stainless steel plate, 6-copper foil, 7-longitudinal copper foil strip, 8-transverse copper foil strip, 9-10-welding seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention provides a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper, which mainly comprises a plate panel 1 and a conductive rod 2, wherein the plate panel 1 comprises n stainless steel plates 5 and a copper foil 6 arranged between two adjacent stainless steel plates 5, wherein n≥2;

[0029] The conductive rod 2 is a rectangular strip, and is welded to one side of the electrode panel 1 along the length direction.

[0030] In the present invention, n is preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

[0031] In the present invention, the conductive rod 2 comprises a copper core 3 and a stainless steel layer 4 coated on the surface of the copper core 3. The copper core 3 is a rectangular strip. Two length × height faces and one length × width face of the copper core 3 are coated with stainless steel. The conductive rod 2 is formed as a whole by drawing the copper core 3 coated with the stainless steel layer 4.

[0032] In the present invention, the uncoated length×width surface of the copper core 3 is connected to the copper foil 6 in the plate panel 1 through a conductive tape to form a high conductive layer in the inner layer of the cathode plate.

[0033] In the present invention, the stainless steel plate 5 is 316L stainless steel or SUS304 stainless steel, preferably 316L stainless steel; the texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates 5 is 45°, 90° or 180°, preferably 45° or 180°. In the present invention, the texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates 5 is 45°, 90° or 180°, so that the plates can suppress each other due to internal stress, thereby preventing deformation of the electrode plate during electrolysis.

[0034] In the present invention, the thickness of the stainless steel plate 5 is 2-2.5 mm, preferably 2.1-2.4 mm, and more preferably 2.2-2.3 mm; the thickness of the copper foil 6 is 10-20 μm, preferably 12-18 μm, and more preferably 13-16 μm.

[0035] In the present invention, the stainless steel plate 5 and the copper foil 6 are bonded by conductive adhesive, and the plate panel 1 is formed by hot pressing. After the internal air is completely removed, the side of the plate panel 1 is sealed by ion beam welding to prevent electrolyte and air from entering the plate to form a passivation layer, causing the conductivity of the plate to decrease.

[0036] In the present invention, the conductive rod 2 and the plate panel 1 are annealed at 400-450° C. for 20-40 min, preferably at 420° C. for 30 min, after being welded together, to eliminate the initial stress of the welded integral component and the plate.

[0037] In the present invention, the copper foil 6 is in the shape of a long strip, and the copper foil 6 is laid flat on the stainless steel plate in the shape of a grid.

[0038] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper comprises a plate panel 1 and a conductive rod 2. The plate panel 1 is made of a 316L stainless steel plate, a copper foil 6 and a SUS304 stainless steel plate bonded by a conductive adhesive, and its structure is 316L stainless steel-copper foil-SUS304 stainless steel. The copper foil 6 is in the shape of a long strip, and the copper foil 6 is laid flat on the stainless steel plate in a grid shape, such as Figure 3 As shown. The formed plate panel is compacted by hot pressing, and after the internal air is completely removed, the side of the plate panel is sealed by ion beam welding to prevent the electrolyte and air from entering the plate to form a passivation layer, causing the plate conductivity to decrease. The rolling texture direction angle of 316L stainless steel plate and SUS304 stainless steel plate is 90°. Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0041] The conductive rod 2 is a composite structure made of stainless steel 4 coated with a copper core 3. The uncoated length×width surface of the copper core 3 in the conductive rod 2 is connected to the copper foil 6 in the plate panel 1 through a conductive tape, forming a high conductive layer in the inner layer of the cathode plate. The contact surface between the conductive rod 2 and the plate panel 1 is welded and sealed 9, such as Figure 8 After welding into a whole, annealing is carried out in an annealing furnace at 400°C for 30 minutes to appropriately eliminate the initial stress of the welded overall components and plates.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper comprises a plate panel 1 and a conductive rod 2. The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0044] The structure of the cathode panel 1 is 316L stainless steel-copper foil-SUS304 stainless steel-copper foil-316L stainless steel, wherein the rolling texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates is 45°. Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 .

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper comprises a plate panel 1 and a conductive rod 2. The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0047] The structure of the cathode panel 1 is 316L stainless steel-copper foil-SUS304 stainless steel-copper foil-316L stainless steel-copper foil-SUS304 stainless steel, wherein the rolling texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates is 45°.

[0048] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper. The present invention uses stainless steel A plate (texture direction along the rolling direction) - copper foil - stainless steel B plate (texture direction perpendicular to the rolling direction), through high-pressure vacuum compounding and edge ion beam welding, and then welded with conductive rods to form the overall structure of the cathode plate. Not only can it effectively prevent the reduction of the conductivity of the plate and the uneven charge distribution caused by passivation on the inner surface of the plate, greatly improve the electrolysis efficiency and current utilization, but it can also effectively prevent the deformation or short circuit of the cathode plate, and achieve green and energy-saving production.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper, characterized in that: It includes a plate panel and a conductive rod, wherein the plate panel includes n stainless steel plates and a copper foil arranged between two adjacent stainless steel plates, wherein n≥2; The conductive rod is a rectangular strip, and is welded to one side of the electrode panel in the length direction along the length direction.

2. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive rod comprises a copper core and a stainless steel layer coated on the surface of the copper core. The copper core is a rectangular strip. Two length×height surfaces and one length×width surface of the copper core are coated with stainless steel. The conductive rod is formed as a whole by drawing the copper core coated with the stainless steel layer.

3. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The uncoated length×width surface of the copper core is connected to the copper foil in the plate panel in the form of a conductive tape.

4. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel plate is 316L stainless steel or SUS304 stainless steel, and the texture direction angle between two adjacent stainless steel plates is 45°, 90° or 180°.

5. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the stainless steel plate is 2-2.5 mm, and the thickness of the copper foil is 10-20 μm.

6. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stainless steel plate and the copper foil are bonded by conductive adhesive, the plate panel is formed by hot pressing, and the side of the plate panel is sealed by ion beam welding.

7. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the conductive rod and the electrode panel are welded together, they are annealed at 400-450° C. for 20-40 minutes.

8. The cathode plate for efficiently preparing electrolytic copper according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The copper foil is in the shape of long strips and is laid flat on the stainless steel plate in the shape of a grid.

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