Hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower station ecological flow monitoring, and particularly discloses a hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system and monitoring method. The hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission unit, a central data processing center and an early warning module, the data transmission unit is in signal connection with the data acquisition module, and the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the acquired data to the central data processing center; the central data processing center comprises a data storage unit and a data analysis processing unit, and the early warning module compares data output by the data analysis processing unit with a preset value and then sends a corresponding instruction; the hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system can accurately monitor the flow, can identify and match the ecological flow discharge requirement according to the upstream water level condition of the hydropower station and timely send out early warning information, and can ensure the safe operation of urban and rural resident water, irrigation water or barrage while ensuring the discharge requirement of the ecological flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological flow monitoring of hydropower stations, and in particular relates to an ecological flow monitoring system and a monitoring method for a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] The ecological flow of a hydropower station refers to the flow and process of the hydropower station during operation to meet the basic ecological water requirements for the protection of the downstream river section of the hydropower project. Through the release of ecological flow, the downstream ecosystem is protected and maintained to ensure that its biodiversity and ecological balance are not overly affected. When the supporting reservoir of a hydropower station has a comprehensive utilization function, in order to improve the ecological flow guarantee rate, the reservoir should not only ensure the water use for the comprehensive utilization function, but also pre-store part of the storage capacity to ensure the ecological flow of the river during the dry season. This involves the ecological flow monitoring and management mentioned in this patent. This monitoring system is a very important part of the operation of a hydropower station. It is designed to ensure the safe operation of urban and rural residents' water use, irrigation water or dams while ensuring the release requirements of the ecological flow.

[0003] Most existing monitoring systems do not have early warning functions and need to rely on manual experience to determine whether it is ecological flow. This leads to inaccurate judgments and can easily affect downstream biodiversity and ecological balance. It is also difficult to guarantee the safe operation of urban and rural residents' water use, irrigation water or dams. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system, including a data acquisition module, a data transmission unit, a central data processing center and an early warning module;

[0007] The data acquisition module includes a water level data acquisition module, a water quantity data acquisition module and a water quality data acquisition module, wherein the water level data acquisition module is an upstream water level data acquisition module of a hydropower station;

[0008] The data transmission unit is connected to the data acquisition module via signals, and the data transmission unit is used to transmit the collected data to the central data processing center;

[0009] The central data processing center includes a data storage unit and a data analysis and processing unit. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and then sends a corresponding instruction.

[0010] Furthermore, the upstream water level data acquisition module of the hydropower station includes a water level sensor, which is used to collect current water level data and output the water level data to the data acquisition module; the water quantity data acquisition module includes a flow meter, which outputs real-time flow data to the data acquisition module; the water quality data acquisition module includes a water quality sensor, which is used to detect the pH value, dissolved oxygen and turbidity in the water body to be tested, and output the detection data to the data acquisition module.

[0011] Furthermore, the data transmission unit is arranged in an equipment box, the equipment box is arranged on a bracket, and also includes a first support rod and a second support rod, the water level sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, the flow meter is an ultrasonic flow meter, and both are arranged on the first support rod, the second support rod is connected to a water quality detection box through a control box, and also includes a solar panel for providing the electrical energy required for the system operation.

[0012] Furthermore, a detection area is provided in the water quality detection box, the water quality sensor is provided in the detection area, one end of the detection area is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both arranged outside the water quality detection box, and also include a suction device.

[0013] Furthermore, the suction device includes a negative pressure cylinder, the negative pressure cylinder is connected to the detection area, a through hole is opened at the upper end of the negative pressure cylinder, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder, and also includes a negative pressure column, the negative pressure column is in the shape of an "I";

[0014] One end of the negative pressure column is arranged in the negative pressure cylinder and is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the negative pressure cylinder. The negative pressure column also includes a driving component and a valve component. The driving component is used to drive the negative pressure column to move.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a spring, which is sleeved on the negative pressure column, and the end of the negative pressure column away from the negative pressure cylinder is connected to the upper surface of the negative pressure cylinder through the spring. It also includes a motor, and the output end of the motor is connected to a cam, which is in contact with the upper surface of the negative pressure column.

[0016] Furthermore, the valve assembly includes a first one-way valve arranged in the water outlet pipe from the detection zone to the external environment and a second one-way valve arranged in the water inlet pipe from the external environment to the detection zone.

[0017] Furthermore, a lifting assembly is provided in the control box, and the lifting assembly includes a cylinder. An opening is provided on one side of the control box close to the water quality testing box. The driving end of the cylinder passes through the opening and is connected to the water quality testing box. The cylinder is used to drive the water quality testing box to move up and down.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring ecological flow of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. The supporting reservoirs of the hydropower station shall be equipped with power generation limit water level and ecological water release minimum water level;

[0020] S2, using the data acquisition module to collect water level data, water volume data and water quality data;

[0021] S3, outputting the data information collected by the data collection module to the central data processing center through the data transmission unit;

[0022] S4. The central data processing center stores and analyzes the data, and transmits the data analysis results to the early warning module

[0023] S5. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and sends a corresponding instruction.

[0024] In step S2, water quality data collection specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S201, start the cylinder until the water inlet of the water inlet pipe is in water;

[0026] S202, start the motor until the water to be tested is pumped into the detection area;

[0027] S203, the water quality sensor collects data of the water to be tested and outputs it to the data acquisition module;

[0028] S204, start the motor until the tested water is discharged from the test area.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can accurately monitor the flow rate by synchronously monitoring the water level upstream of the hydropower station and setting an early warning signal, and can adjust the ecological flow discharge requirements according to the water level conditions upstream of the hydropower station and issue early warning information in a timely manner, thereby minimizing the negative impact on the ecological environment, and ensuring the safe operation of urban and rural residents' water, irrigation water or dams, and through water quality testing and the set early warning signal, the gate can be closed in time when the water quality does not meet the standards to prevent leakage into the downstream waters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the internal structure diagram of the water quality detection box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the internal structure of the control box of the storage box of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. solar panel; 3. first support rod; 4. second support rod; 5. equipment box; 6. base; 7. industrial camera; 8. water level sensor; 9. water quality detection box; 10. control box; 1001. opening; 11. motor; 12. water outlet pipe; 1201. first one-way valve; 13. water inlet pipe; 1301. second one-way valve; 14. water quality sensor; 15. negative pressure cylinder; 16. cam; 17. spring; 18. negative pressure column; 19. flow meter; 20. detection area; 21. cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0035] A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system, comprising a data acquisition module, a data transmission unit, a central data processing center and an early warning module;

[0036] The data acquisition module includes a water level data acquisition module, a water quantity data acquisition module and a water quality data acquisition module, wherein the water level data acquisition module is an upstream water level data acquisition module of a hydropower station;

[0037] The data transmission unit is connected to the data acquisition module via signals, and the data transmission unit is used to transmit the collected data to the central data processing center;

[0038] The central data processing center includes a data storage unit and a data analysis and processing unit. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and then sends a corresponding instruction.

[0039] In actual settings, the supporting reservoirs of the hydropower station are set with power generation limit water level and ecological water release minimum water level. The ecological water release minimum water level is the water level control line for stopping ecological flow. When the upstream water level data acquisition module of the hydropower station collects that the current water level is lower than the ecological water release minimum water level, the early warning module issues a corresponding instruction, and the power station should stop discharging ecological flow to ensure the safe operation of the dam. The power generation limit water level is the water level control line for stopping power generation and water intake. When the upstream water level data acquisition module of the hydropower station collects that the current water level is lower than the power generation limit water level, the early warning module issues a corresponding instruction, and power generation and water intake should be stopped at this time to ensure sufficient ecological flow.

[0040] In a specific implementation manner, the upstream water level data acquisition module of the hydropower station includes a water level sensor 8, which is used to collect current water level data and output the water level data to the data acquisition module; the water volume data acquisition module includes a flow meter 19, which outputs real-time flow data to the data acquisition module; the water quality data acquisition module includes a water quality sensor 14, which is used to detect the pH value, dissolved oxygen and turbidity in the water body to be tested, and output the detection data to the data acquisition module. When the detection data reaches the warning value, the warning module issues a corresponding instruction. At this time, the flow should be stopped to prevent the water body from flowing to the downstream waters, and the staff can also deal with the substandard water body in time;

[0041] It should be noted that the normal pH value of river water is generally between 6.5 and 8.5; dissolved oxygen is usually between 6 and 14 milligrams per liter (mg / L); the turbidity of clear rivers is below 1NTU, while the turbidity of turbid water may exceed 100NTU; therefore, the warning value can be set according to the actual situation.

[0042] It should be noted that the water level sensor 8 can be a pressure sensor or an ultrasonic sensor, which outputs water level data in an analog or digital manner, generally using a 4-20mA current signal or an RS485 communication interface for transmission; the flow meter 19 can be an electromagnetic flow meter or an ultrasonic flow meter, wherein the ultrasonic flow meter measures the liquid flow through a sensor without contact, and does not require direct contact with the fluid, thereby avoiding the risk of liquid contamination and equipment damage;

[0043] The water quality sensor 14 includes a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a turbidity sensor, wherein the pH sensor is used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration in the water, usually using the glass membrane electrode principle; the dissolved oxygen sensor measures the dissolved oxygen content in the water by electrochemical or optical methods; the turbidity sensor uses optical principles to measure the concentration of suspended particles in the water, thereby judging the transparency and clarity of the water.

[0044] In a specific implementation manner, Figure 1-3 As shown, the data transmission unit is arranged in an equipment box 5, the equipment box 5 is arranged on a bracket 1, and also includes a first support rod 3 and a second support rod 4, the water level sensor 8 is an ultrasonic sensor, the flow meter 19 is an ultrasonic flow meter, and both are arranged on the first support rod 3, the second support rod 4 is connected to a water quality detection box 9 through a control box 10, and also includes a solar panel 2 for providing the electrical energy required for the system operation.

[0045] In actual use, the water level sensor 8 and the flow meter 19 do not need to be in direct contact with water. Therefore, the first support rod 3 can be set above the second support rod 4, and the water quality detection box 9 needs to extract water. Therefore, it can be set at a position relatively close to the water surface. The bracket 1 is set next to the watershed to be detected through the base 6.

[0046] In a specific implementation, a detection area 20 is provided in the water quality detection box 9, and the water quality sensor 14 is provided in the detection area 20. One end of the detection area 20 is connected to a water inlet pipe 13, and the other end is connected to a water outlet pipe 12. The water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 12 are both provided outside the water quality detection box 9, and also include a suction device.

[0047] In actual use, the water to be tested is extracted by a suction device, and the water to be tested enters the detection area 20 from the water inlet pipe 13, and is tested by the water quality sensor 14, and then the test data is output to the data acquisition module, and finally the tested water is discharged from the water quality detection box 9 through the water outlet pipe 12.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the suction device includes a negative pressure cylinder 15, the negative pressure cylinder 15 is connected to the detection area 20, a through hole is opened at the upper end of the negative pressure cylinder 15, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder 15, and also includes a negative pressure column 18, the negative pressure column 18 is in the shape of an "I";

[0049] One end of the negative pressure column 18 is disposed in the negative pressure cylinder 15 and is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the negative pressure cylinder 15 . The negative pressure column 18 also includes a driving component and a valve component. The driving component is used to drive the negative pressure column 18 to move.

[0050] When water testing is required, the valve assembly in the water inlet pipe 13 is opened, and the driving assembly is started, so that the negative pressure column 18 moves upward. At this time, the detection area 20 is in a negative pressure state, and the water enters the detection area 20 from the water inlet pipe 13. The water quality sensor 14 detects it, and the detected data is output to the data acquisition module. When the water body detection is completed, the valve assembly in the water outlet pipe 12 is opened, and the negative pressure column 18 is driven downward by the driving assembly, so that the water in the detection area 20 is discharged from the water outlet pipe 12, thereby completing the water quality detection operation;

[0051] Among them, the driving component can be an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod can adopt a hydraulic cylinder electric telescopic rod (HydraulicCylinederType), which uses hydraulic pressure as a power source and can provide greater push-pull force and stable motion control.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the driving assembly includes a spring 17, which is sleeved on the negative pressure column 18. The end of the negative pressure column 18 away from the negative pressure cylinder 15 is connected to the upper surface of the negative pressure cylinder 15 through the spring 17. It also includes a motor 11, and the output end of the motor 11 is connected to a cam 16, which is in contact with the upper surface of the negative pressure column 18.

[0053] In actual use, the motor 11 drives the cam 16 to rotate, and under the action of the cam 16 and the spring 17, the negative pressure column 18 moves up and down.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the valve assembly includes a first one-way valve 1201 disposed in the water outlet pipe 12 from the detection zone 20 to the external environment and a second one-way valve 1301 disposed in the water inlet pipe 13 from the external environment to the detection zone 20 .

[0055] In a specific implementation, a lifting assembly is provided in the control box 10, and the lifting assembly includes a cylinder 21. An opening 1001 is provided on the side of the control box 10 close to the water quality testing box 9. The driving end of the cylinder 21 passes through the opening 1001 and is connected to the water quality testing box 9. The cylinder 21 is used to drive the water quality testing box 9 to move up and down.

[0056] In actual use, due to the change of water level, the distance between the water quality detection box 9 and the water surface will also change. When the water level drops, such as in the dry season, the cylinder 21 can be started to reduce the distance between the water quality detection box 9 and the water surface to facilitate water collection and testing. When the water level is high, the cylinder 21 can be used to move the water quality detection box 9 upward to prevent it from being immersed in water for a long time and causing damage to the equipment.

[0057] Industrial cameras 7 may also be provided to monitor water flow conditions and changes in the surrounding environment, and to promptly detect abnormal conditions such as floods, leaks or illegal intrusions, which helps to take timely measures to ensure the safety and stable operation of the hydropower station.

[0058] A method for monitoring ecological flow of a hydropower station comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1. Set the power generation limit water level and the ecological water release minimum water level;

[0060] S2, using the data acquisition module to collect water level data, water volume data and water quality data;

[0061] S3, outputting the data information collected by the data collection module to the central data processing center through the data transmission unit;

[0062] S4. The central data processing center stores and analyzes the data, and transmits the data analysis results to the early warning module

[0063] S5. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and sends a corresponding instruction.

[0064] In step S2, water quality data collection specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S201, start the cylinder 21 until the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 13 is in water;

[0066] S202, start the motor 11 until the water to be tested is pumped into the detection area 20;

[0067] S203, the water quality sensor 14 collects data of the water to be tested and outputs it to the data acquisition module;

[0068] S204 , starting the motor 11 until the detected water is discharged from the detection area 20 .

[0069] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes data acquisition module, data transmission unit, central data processing center and early warning module; The data acquisition module includes a water level data acquisition module, a water quantity data acquisition module and a water quality data acquisition module, wherein the water level data acquisition module is an upstream water level data acquisition module of a hydropower station; The data transmission unit is connected to the data acquisition module via signals, and the data transmission unit is used to transmit the collected data to the central data processing center; The central data processing center includes a data storage unit and a data analysis and processing unit. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and then sends a corresponding instruction.

2. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream water level data acquisition module of the hydropower station comprises a water level sensor (8) for acquiring current water level data and outputting the water level data to the data acquisition module; The water volume data acquisition module comprises a flow meter (19), which outputs real-time flow data to the data acquisition module; The water quality data acquisition module comprises a water quality sensor (14), wherein the water quality sensor (14) is used to detect the pH value, dissolved oxygen and turbidity in the water body to be detected, and output the detection data to the data acquisition module.

3. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data transmission unit is arranged in an equipment box (5), the equipment box (5) is arranged on a bracket (1), and further comprises a first support rod (3) and a second support rod (4), the water level sensor (8) is an ultrasonic sensor, the flow meter (19) is an ultrasonic flow meter, and both are arranged on the first support rod (3), the second support rod (4) is connected to a water quality detection box (9) via a control box (10), and further comprises a solar panel (2) for providing electric energy required for system operation.

4. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water quality detection box (9) is provided with a detection area (20), the water quality sensor (14) is provided in the detection area (20), one end of the detection area (20) is connected to a water inlet pipe (13), and the other end is connected to a water outlet pipe (12), the water inlet pipe (13) and the water outlet pipe (12) are both arranged to pass through the water quality detection box (9), and also include a suction device.

5. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suction device comprises a negative pressure cylinder (15), the negative pressure cylinder (15) is connected to the detection area (20), a through hole is opened at the upper end of the negative pressure cylinder (15), the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the negative pressure cylinder (15), and also comprises a negative pressure column (18), the negative pressure column (18) is in the shape of an "I" character; One end of the negative pressure column (18) is arranged in the negative pressure cylinder (15) and is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the negative pressure cylinder (15). It also includes a driving component and a valve component. The driving component is used to drive the negative pressure column (18) to move.

6. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a spring (17), wherein the spring (17) is sleeved on the negative pressure column (18), wherein one end of the negative pressure column (18) away from the negative pressure cylinder (15) is connected to the upper surface of the negative pressure cylinder (15) via the spring (17), and further comprises a motor (11), wherein the output end of the motor (11) is connected to a cam (16), and the cam (16) is in contact with the upper surface of the negative pressure column (18).

7. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve assembly comprises a first one-way valve (1201) arranged in the water outlet pipe (12) from the detection zone (20) to the external environment, and a second one-way valve (1301) arranged in the water inlet pipe (13) from the external environment to the detection zone (20).

8. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lifting assembly is arranged in the control box (10), and the lifting assembly comprises a cylinder (21). An opening (1001) is provided on a side of the control box (10) close to the water quality detection box (9). A driving end of the cylinder (21) passes through the opening (1001) and is connected to the water quality detection box (9). The cylinder (21) is used to drive the water quality detection box (9) to move up and down.

9. A method for monitoring ecological flow of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. The supporting reservoirs of the hydropower station shall be equipped with power generation limit water level and ecological water release minimum water level; S2, using the data acquisition module to collect water level data, water volume data and water quality data; S3, outputting the data information collected by the data collection module to the central data processing center through the data transmission unit; S4, the central data processing center stores and analyzes the data, and transmits the data analysis results to the early warning module; S5. The early warning module compares the output data of the data analysis and processing unit with the preset value and sends a corresponding instruction.

10. A hydropower station ecological flow monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, water quality data collection specifically includes the following steps: S201, start the cylinder (21) until the water inlet of the water inlet pipe (13) is in water; S202, starting the motor (11) until the water to be tested is pumped into the detection area (20); S203, the water quality sensor (14) collects data of the water to be tested and outputs the data to the data collection block; S204, starting the motor (11) until the tested water is discharged from the testing area (20).

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