Large-size arbitrarily-rotating frame type geomechanical model experiment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-size arbitrary rotating frame type geomechanical model experiment device, which comprises a main body frame, a rotating frame, a rotating frame, a rotating frame and a rotating frame, and is characterized in that the main body frame is built on an experiment device foundation; the rotating frame is rotationally connected to the main body frame, and model clamping plates are symmetrically and detachably connected to the front side and the rear side of the rotating frame; the transmission system is installed on the experiment device foundation through a supporting assembly, and the transmission system is in transmission fit with the rotating frame; the number of the auxiliary building platforms is two, and the two auxiliary building platforms are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the main body frame; the hydraulic lifting system is mounted on the side surface of the main body frame; and the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit and a monitoring unit. According to the invention, the defects that a horizontal frame type physical model experiment is only suitable for a horizontal stratum and an observation system is single are overcome, the application range of a geomechanics physical model experiment is greatly expanded, and the observation automation degree and the measurement parameter precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of research on the formation and evolution process of geological disasters and their disaster-causing mechanisms, and in particular to a large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Geological disasters (such as landslides, debris flows, collapses, etc.) are natural phenomena that seriously threaten human life and property safety worldwide. Physical model experiments are one of the basic methods for studying geological disasters. By establishing a scaled-down experimental model, the process and mechanism of disaster occurrence are simulated, providing theoretical basis and engineering measures for disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0003] Model tests mainly include frame model tests, bottom friction model tests, geotechnical centrifuge model tests, etc. Frame model tests are currently the most commonly used geomechanical model tests at home and abroad. The experimenters make models with similar materials in the frame model slot, and measure the deformation, mechanical properties and other parameters of the models when the main boundary conditions are similar. These parameters are used to reveal and explain the occurrence and development mechanism of the prototype engineering geological body. The experiment can visually observe the evolution process of the engineering geological body during deformation and stress, quantitatively obtain the displacement, strain and other parameters of the engineering geological body, and explain the deformation and destruction process and mechanism of the engineering geological body from a qualitative and quantitative perspective.

[0004] Frame model experiments are limited by the fixed model frame and cannot truly restore complex stratigraphic interfaces and topography. The model size is usually 2m×3m. For large geological prototypes, a small scale must be used, and the resulting size effect often cannot be eliminated.

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device, comprising:

[0008] A main frame, wherein the main frame is built on a foundation;

[0009] A rotating frame, wherein the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the main frame, and model clamping plates are symmetrically and detachably connected to the front and rear sides of the rotating frame, and the model clamping plates and the rotating frame are enclosed to form a model building interval, and the geomechanical model is built in the model building interval;

[0010] A transmission system, wherein the transmission system is installed on the experimental device base through a supporting assembly, and the transmission system and the rotating frame are in transmission cooperation;

[0011] Auxiliary building platforms, wherein two groups of the auxiliary building platforms are provided, and the two groups of the auxiliary building platforms are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the main frame;

[0012] A hydraulic lifting system, wherein the hydraulic lifting system is installed on the side of the main frame;

[0013] A monitoring system, the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit and a monitoring unit, the data acquisition unit is arranged in a geomechanical model, and the monitoring unit is arranged corresponding to the geomechanical model.

[0014] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the main frame includes two groups of trusses vertically symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the experimental device foundation, the two groups of trusses are arranged opposite to each other, and cross beams are fixed on the top ends of the two groups of trusses. An inclined beam is fixed between the trusses and the cross beams. The rotating frame is rotatably connected in the interval formed by the two trusses and the two inclined beams, and a guardrail is installed on the top of the cross beam.

[0015] According to the large-scale arbitrary rotating frame type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the rotating frame includes two coaxially arranged outer rotating rings, the two outer rotating rings are rotatably connected between the two trusses, a split toothed hub is fixed between the two outer rotating rings, the transmission system and the split toothed hub are transmission-coordinated, the inner ring of the outer rotating ring is circumferentially fixedly connected to an inner model frame, the model clamping plate is detachably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner column of the truss, and the inner model frame and the model clamping plate are enclosed to form the building interval.

[0016] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the supporting assembly includes a supporting platform fixed on the basis of the experimental device, the supporting platform is located below the outer rotating ring, the top surface of the supporting platform is fixedly connected to a supporting plate, the top surface of the supporting plate is set as an arc surface, the corresponding circular contour of the arc surface is concentric with the outer rotating ring, and a plurality of supporting steel rollers are circumferentially connected to the arc surface, and the supporting steel rollers are in transmission cooperation with the outer rotating ring; support seats are fixedly connected to both sides of the support plate, a transmission seat is fixed to the top surface of the support seat, and the transmission system is installed on the transmission seat.

[0017] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the transmission system includes a transmission gear rotatably connected to the transmission seat, the transmission gear is meshed with the split toothed hub, a transmission motor and a reducer are installed on the transmission seat, the transmission motor is connected to the reducer input shaft, and the reducer output shaft is connected to the transmission gear.

[0018] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the auxiliary construction platform includes a scissor-type lifting platform, two groups of the scissor-type lifting platforms are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame, and the guardrail is installed on the top of the scissor-type lifting platform.

[0019] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, brake modules are respectively installed on the two trusses, and the brake modules include angle adjustment supports, which are fixed to the side faces of the trusses, and a hydraulic rod is installed on the angle adjustment support, and a friction plate is hinged at one end of the hydraulic rod, and an anti-slip rubber pad is provided on the side of the friction plate away from the hydraulic rod.

[0020] According to the large-scale arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, the hydraulic lifting system includes a hydraulic crane installed on the top of one of the trusses, and a storage platform is fixed on the basis of the experimental device, and the storage platform and the hydraulic crane are correspondingly arranged.

[0021] According to the large-size arbitrarily rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device provided by the present invention, a climbing frame is vertically installed at one end of the crossbeam, and the climbing frame is fixedly connected to the truss far away from the hydraulic crane.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] When the present invention is working, the physical model experimental section is first determined according to the geological mining data, the physical model similarity ratio, similar materials and material mix ratio are determined according to the size of the test platform and the physical and mechanical parameters and geometric dimensions of the simulated geological section, the steeply inclined strata are rotated into horizontal strata, and the physical model of the experimental section is built in the building interval according to the horizontal strata. During the model building process, the data acquisition unit is implanted at a predetermined position. After the model building is completed, the model clamping plate is removed, and rotating protective plates are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame. The outer rotating ring is controlled to rotate through the transmission system until the model reaches the actual stratum inclination, and the monitoring unit is arranged. After completion, the actual working condition simulation is carried out, and relevant data are obtained through the data acquisition unit and the monitoring unit respectively, and the experimental data is analyzed by the terminal system.

[0024] The present invention overcomes the defect that the horizontal frame physical model experiment is only applicable to horizontal strata and a single observation system, greatly expands the application scope of the geomechanical physical model experiment, and improves the degree of observation automation and the accuracy of measurement parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a front view of the large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a top view of the large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake module of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. Truss; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Oblique beam; 4. Guardrail; 5. Outer rotating ring; 6. Split toothed hub; 7. Model frame; 8. Support plate; 9. Support steel roller; 10. Support seat; 11. Transmission seat; 12. Transmission gear; 13. Scissor-type lifting platform; 14. Angle adjustment support; 15. Hydraulic rod; 16. Friction plate; 17. Hydraulic crane; 18. Storage table; 19. Climbing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device, comprising:

[0035] The main frame is built on the basis of the experimental device;

[0036] Rotating frame, the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the main frame, the front and rear sides of the rotating frame are symmetrically and detachably connected with model clamping plates, the model clamping plates and the rotating frame are enclosed to form a model building interval, and the geomechanical model is built in the model building interval; the size of the building interval is (5000mm×3000mm×200mm);

[0037] The transmission system is installed on the foundation of the experimental device through the support assembly, and the transmission system and the rotating frame are in transmission coordination;

[0038] Auxiliary building platforms, there are two sets of auxiliary building platforms, the two sets of auxiliary building platforms are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the main frame;

[0039] Hydraulic lifting system: the hydraulic lifting system is installed on the side of the main frame;

[0040] The monitoring system includes a data acquisition unit and a monitoring unit. The data acquisition unit is arranged in the geomechanical model, and the monitoring unit is arranged corresponding to the geomechanical model.

[0041] The data acquisition unit and monitoring unit include a digital dial gauge, a pressure sensor, a distributed strain optical fiber and a demodulator, a model speckle, an industrial camera, and a light compensator. The monitoring system includes a real-time monitoring and acquisition system for the pressure sensor, speckle displacement, optical fiber strain, and digital dial gauge displacement. The data processing system includes data processing of monitoring parameters, including but not limited to data processing of parameters such as pressure, displacement, and strain.

[0042] The terminal system can be set according to the specific usage environment. For example, it can be controlled by a single-chip microcomputer or a PLC, ARM (Advanced RISC Machine), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and other methods, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment; the terminal system is used to aggregate data and draw data change curves, and finally package and save the data for subsequent reference.

[0043] When the present invention is working, the physical model experimental section is first determined according to the geological mining data, and the physical model similarity ratio, similar materials and material mix ratio are determined according to the size of the test platform and the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil body of the simulated geological section and the section geometric dimensions. The steeply inclined strata are rotated into horizontal strata, and the physical model of the experimental section is built in the building interval according to the horizontal strata. During the model building process, the data acquisition unit is implanted at a predetermined position. After the model is built, the model clamping plate is removed, and rotating protective plates are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame. The outer ring is controlled to rotate through the transmission system until the model reaches the actual stratum inclination, and the monitoring unit is arranged. After completion, the model coal seam is excavated, and relevant data are obtained through the data acquisition unit and the monitoring unit, and the experimental data are analyzed by the terminal system.

[0044] The present invention overcomes the defect that the horizontal frame physical model experiment is only applicable to horizontal strata and a single observation system, greatly expands the application scope of the geomechanical physical model experiment, and improves the degree of observation automation and the accuracy of measurement parameters.

[0045] To further optimize the scheme, the main frame includes two groups of trusses 1 vertically symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the foundation of the experimental device, the two groups of trusses 1 are arranged opposite to each other, cross beams 2 are fixed on the top of the two groups of trusses 1, inclined beams 3 are fixed between the trusses 1 and the cross beams 2, the rotating frame is rotatably connected in the interval formed by the two trusses 1 and the two inclined beams 3, and a guardrail 4 is installed on the top of the cross beam 2.

[0046] The truss 1 includes two sets of main columns and one set of inner columns. The main columns are made of square steel of not less than Q345 steel grade, and the inner columns are made of channel steel of not less than Q345 steel grade. Adjacent main columns and main columns and inner columns are connected by steel frames. The cross section forms a triangular structure to ensure the stability of the whole device. The top crossbeam 2 is made of square steel of not less than Q345 steel grade. The inclined beam 3 is made of H-shaped channel steel of not less than Q345 steel grade. The height of the guardrail 4 is not less than 700mm.

[0047] A further optimized solution is that the rotating frame includes two coaxially arranged outer rotating rings 5, the two outer rotating rings 5 ​​are rotatably connected between the two trusses 1, a split toothed hub 6 is fixed between the two outer rotating rings 5, the transmission system and the split toothed hub 6 are transmission-coordinated, the inner circle of the outer rotating ring 5 is circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner model frame 7, the model splint is detachably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner model frame 7, and the inner side columns of the truss and the model splint are enclosed to form a building interval.

[0048] A further optimized solution is that the support assembly includes a support platform fixed on the basis of the experimental device, the support platform is located below the outer rotating ring 5, a support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support platform, the top surface of the support plate 8 is set to an arc surface, the arc surface corresponds to a circular contour concentric with the outer rotating ring 5, and a number of support steel rollers 9 are circumferentially connected to the arc surface for rotation, and the support steel rollers 9 are matched with the outer rotating ring 5 for transmission; support seats 10 are fixedly connected to both sides of the support plate 8, a transmission seat 11 is fixed to the top surface of the support seat 10, and the transmission system is installed on the transmission seat 11.

[0049] In this embodiment, two groups of support plates 8 are provided, and support steel rollers 9 are provided between the two groups of support plates 8. The support steel rollers 9 are connected to the support plates 8 by bearings to ensure rotation stability. At the same time, correcting wheels are provided at both ends of the support steel rollers 9. The diameter of the correcting wheels is larger than the diameter of the support steel rollers 9, and the side walls of the correcting wheels are limitedly matched with the side walls of the rotating ring.

[0050] According to a further optimization scheme, the transmission system includes a transmission gear 12 rotatably connected to a transmission seat 11, the transmission gear 12 meshes with a split toothed hub 6, a transmission motor and a reducer are mounted on the transmission seat 11, the transmission motor is connected to the reducer input shaft, and the reducer output shaft is connected to the transmission gear 12.

[0051] According to a further optimization scheme, the auxiliary construction platform includes a scissor-type lifting platform 13 , two groups of scissor-type lifting platforms 13 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame, and a guardrail 4 is installed on the top of the scissor-type lifting platform 13 .

[0052] Further optimization scheme, brake modules are respectively installed on the two trusses 1, and the brake modules include angle adjustment support 14, which is fixed on the side of truss 1, and hydraulic rod 15 is installed on the angle adjustment support 14, and friction plate 16 is hinged at one end of hydraulic rod 15, and anti-skid rubber pad is arranged on the side of friction plate 16 away from hydraulic rod 15. The angle adjustment support 14 is connected with the end of hydraulic rod 15 by rotation and fixed by bolts, and the angle of hydraulic rod 15 is adjusted by adjusting bolts, and the friction plate 16 and anti-skid rubber pad are pushed by hydraulic rod 15 to abut against split toothed wheel hub 6, so as to ensure the stability of outer rotating ring 5 during construction.

[0053] Further optimizing the scheme, the hydraulic lifting system includes a hydraulic crane 17 installed on the top of one of the trusses 1, and a storage platform 18 is fixed on the basis of the experimental device, and the storage platform 18 and the hydraulic crane 17 are arranged correspondingly. The hydraulic crane 17 adopts the existing technology. In this embodiment, the hydraulic crane 17 is fixed on the top of the truss 1 by a horizontal linear motor, and the horizontal linear motor is built between the two groups of trusses 1. The hydraulic crane 17 and the horizontal linear motor form a vertical state, which is used to move materials to a specified position, reducing the difficulty of construction.

[0054] Further optimizing the scheme, a climbing frame 19 is vertically installed at one end of the beam 2, and the climbing frame 19 is fixedly connected to the truss 1 far away from the hydraulic crane 17. The setting of the climbing frame 19 is convenient for the construction workers to climb up to the top of the beam 2.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0056] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame geomechanical model experimental device, characterized in that: include: A main frame, wherein the main frame is built on the basis of the experimental device; A rotating frame, wherein the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the main frame, and model clamping plates are symmetrically and detachably connected to the front and rear sides of the rotating frame, and the model clamping plates and the rotating frame are enclosed to form a model building interval, and the geomechanical model is built in the model building interval; A transmission system, wherein the transmission system is installed on the experimental device base through a supporting assembly, and the transmission system and the rotating frame are in transmission cooperation; Auxiliary building platforms, wherein two groups of the auxiliary building platforms are provided, and the two groups of the auxiliary building platforms are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the main frame; A hydraulic lifting system, wherein the hydraulic lifting system is installed on the side of the main frame; A monitoring system, the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit and a monitoring unit, the data acquisition unit is arranged in a geomechanical model, and the monitoring unit is arranged corresponding to the geomechanical model.

2. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame comprises two groups of trusses (1) vertically symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the foundation of the experimental device, the two groups of trusses (1) are arranged opposite to each other, the top ends of the two groups of trusses (1) are fixed with crossbeams (2), an inclined beam (3) is fixed between the trusses (1) and the crossbeams (2), the rotating frame is rotatably connected in the interval enclosed by the two trusses (1) and the two inclined beams (3), and a guardrail (4) is installed on the top of the crossbeam (2).

3. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating frame comprises two coaxially arranged outer rotating rings (5), the two outer rotating rings (5) are rotatably connected between the two trusses (1), a split toothed wheel hub (6) is fixed between the two outer rotating rings (5), the transmission system and the split toothed wheel hub (6) are in transmission cooperation, the inner ring of the outer rotating ring (5) is circumferentially fixedly connected with an inner model frame (7), the model clamping plate is detachably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner column of the truss, and the inner model frame (7) and the model clamping plate are enclosed to form the building interval.

4. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a support platform fixed on the base of the experimental device, the support platform is located below the outer rotating ring (5), a support plate (8) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support platform, the top surface of the support plate (8) is set as an arc surface, the arc surface corresponds to a circular contour concentric with the outer rotating ring (5), a plurality of support steel rollers (9) are circumferentially rotatably connected on the arc surface, and the support steel rollers (9) are in transmission cooperation with the outer rotating ring (5); support seats (10) are fixedly connected to both sides of the support plate (8), a transmission seat (11) is fixed to the top surface of the support seat (10), and the transmission system is installed on the transmission seat (11).

5. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission system comprises a transmission gear (12) rotatably connected to the transmission seat (11), the transmission gear (12) meshing with the split toothed hub (6), a transmission motor and a reducer mounted on the transmission seat (11), the transmission motor connected to the reducer input shaft, and the reducer output shaft connected to the transmission gear (12).

6. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary building platform comprises a scissor-type lifting platform (13), two groups of the scissor-type lifting platforms (13) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame, and the guardrail (4) is installed on the top of the scissor-type lifting platform (13).

7. The large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized by: A brake module is respectively installed on the two trusses (1), and the brake module includes an angle adjustment support (14). The angle adjustment support (14) is fixed to the side of the truss (1), and a hydraulic rod (15) is installed on the angle adjustment support (14). One end of the hydraulic rod (15) is hinged with a friction plate (16), and a non-slip rubber pad is arranged on the side of the friction plate (16) away from the hydraulic rod (15).

8. The large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The hydraulic lifting system comprises a hydraulic crane (17) installed at the top of one of the trusses (1), and a storage platform (18) is fixed on the basis of the experimental device, and the storage platform (18) and the hydraulic crane (17) are arranged correspondingly.

9. A large-scale arbitrary rotating frame-type geomechanical model experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A climbing frame (19) is vertically mounted on one end of the crossbeam (2), and the climbing frame (19) is fixedly connected to the truss (1) away from the hydraulic crane (17).

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