Analysis method and system for day-ahead unit start and stop reasons and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a day-ahead unit start-stop reason analysis method and system and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the steps: screening thermal power units in a first state according to a power grid topological structure, and obtaining a first unit set; the first unit set is divided according to the operation state, and an operation unit set and a shutdown unit set are obtained; on the basis of the acquired clearing data and unit data, performing start-stop state judgment on the running unit set, and outputting a start-stop unit number of the running unit set; on the basis of the acquired clearing data and unit data, performing start-stop state judgment on the shut-down unit set, and outputting start-stop unit numbers of the shut-down unit set; and detecting whether a power plant corresponding to the start-stop unit number is changed or not to obtain a unit start-stop reason. According to the method, the starting and stopping units in the unit combination are systematically analyzed to obtain the accurate starting and stopping reasons of the units, so that the production efficiency of a power plant and the operation stability of a power grid are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of electric power dispatching automation, and specifically relates to a method, system and terminal device for analyzing the causes of starting and stopping a unit a day ago. Background Art

[0002] The unit combination problem is a core issue in power dispatch optimization, which involves determining which generating units should be put into operation within a given time (i.e., which units should be "combined") to meet load demand while minimizing operating costs and meeting other technical and market constraints. With the market-oriented reform of electricity, the unit combination problem has become more complicated in the market environment, and it is necessary to consider many factors such as market mechanisms, electricity price fluctuations, and contractual constraints. For power plants participating in the market, the daily power generation plan has a decisive impact on their revenue, especially for some thermal power units that are started and stopped in the unit combination results. Therefore, after the spot clearing calculation of the power market is completed, in order to explain the rationality of the unit plan to the market players, the staff of the control center needs to conduct certain qualitative or quantitative analysis on the thermal power units that are started and stopped, and obtain the reasons that affect the start and stop of the units.

[0003] Under the complex grid relations, physical operation constraints and market constraints, the analysis of the reasons for the start and stop of thermal power units often has the problems of high labor costs and low analysis efficiency. In addition, the existing technology lacks an automated analysis process for the results of unit combination, which makes it impossible to quickly obtain the reasons for the start and stop of units under the given boundary conditions and unit combination model, reducing the production efficiency of the power plant and the operational stability of the power grid. Summary of the invention

[0004] This application proposes a method, system and terminal equipment for analyzing the reasons for the start and stop of the units a day ago. By systematically analyzing the units that have started and stopped in the unit combination, accurate reasons for the start and stop of the units are obtained, which are used to improve the production efficiency of the power plant and the operating stability of the power grid.

[0005] A first aspect of the present application provides a method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a day ago, the method comprising:

[0006] According to the topology of the power grid, thermal power generating units in a first state are screened to obtain a first generating unit set;

[0007] Dividing the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set;

[0008] Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start and stop status of the operating unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the operating unit set are output;

[0009] Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start-stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start-stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output;

[0010] Detect whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtain the start / stop reason of the unit.

[0011] The above scheme first screens out the thermal power units that actually participate in the quotation and market transactions, and then divides the first unit set according to the originally set operating status, and obtains the operating unit set and the shutdown unit set respectively. Then, based on the obtained clearing data and unit data, the actual start and stop status of each operating unit and shutdown unit is first judged to obtain the unit number that actually has the start and stop changes, and based on these numbers, the corresponding power plant is retrieved to see whether the unit has been started and stopped due to a machine change, and the accurate reasons for the start and stop of the unit are obtained. Because the above-mentioned systematic judgment process standard does not rely on manual participation, it improves the efficiency of data analysis and reduces the consumption of labor costs. The accurate reasons for the start and stop of the unit are helpful to find unreasonable places where the unit starts and stops during operation to improve the production efficiency of the power plant and the operation stability of the power grid.

[0012] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, thermal power generating units in a first state are screened according to a power grid topology structure to obtain a first generating unit set, specifically:

[0013] Based on the power grid topology, identifying whether the thermal power generating unit in the first state is located in a main island in the power grid topology;

[0014] If the thermal power generation unit is located on the main island, the thermal power generation unit is divided into a first unit set;

[0015] If the thermal power unit is not located on the main island, the start and stop reasons of the thermal power unit are output.

[0016] In the above scheme, because the main island contains the main loads and transmission lines of the power grid and is closely related to the clearing activities of the electricity market, it is necessary to first filter out other unnecessary information and determine the thermal power units located on the main island of the power grid, so as to reduce the data running volume for subsequent system judgment and improve data processing efficiency.

[0017] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start / stop state of the operating unit set is judged, and the start / stop unit number of the operating unit set is output, specifically:

[0018] Based on the clearing data and unit data, obtaining the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the operating unit set;

[0019] According to the electricity price data and the output data, obtaining price winning bid information of each unit in the operating unit set;

[0020] According to the start-stop change information, the actual start-stop status of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained;

[0021] Obtaining restricted information of each unit in the operating unit set according to preset network security constraints, the start / stop change information, and the unit operation information;

[0022] The start / stop status of the operating unit set is judged according to the price winning bid information, the actual start / stop status and the restricted information, and the start / stop unit number of the operating unit set is output.

[0023] The above scheme first obtains the clearing data and unit data, and obtains the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information related to the unit respectively. Then, based on the electricity price data, it is judged whether the start-stop of the unit is due to the electricity price; then, based on the start-stop change information, the actual operating status of the unit is judged; then, based on the network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information, it is judged whether the start-stop of the unit is due to the section sensitivity, the set positive spare capacity and the set minimum start-stop time. Through the above systematic and standardized judgment process, the reasons for the start-stop of the unit during the power generation process can be comprehensively and accurately obtained, providing data support for the subsequent solution of unreasonable start-stop to improve the stability of system operation.

[0024] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, according to the preset network security constraint, the start / stop change information, and the unit operation information, the restricted information of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained, specifically:

[0025] Based on the network security constraint and the unit operation information, judging whether the unit is restricted by a section through the section sensitivity of the unit;

[0026] If the unit is not restricted by the section, judging whether the unit is restricted by the preset positive reserve capacity according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the restriction information of the unit;

[0027] If the unit is not limited by the positive reserve capacity, judging whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the limiting information of the unit;

[0028] If the unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time, the limitation information of the unit is output.

[0029] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start / stop state of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start / stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output, specifically:

[0030] Based on the clearing data and unit data, obtaining the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the shutdown unit set;

[0031] According to the electricity price data and the output data, obtaining price winning bid information of each unit in the shutdown unit set;

[0032] Obtaining restricted information of each unit in the shutdown unit set according to preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information, and the unit operation information;

[0033] The start / stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged according to the price winning bid information, the actual start / stop status and the restricted information, and the start / stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output.

[0034] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, restricted information of each unit in the shutdown unit set is obtained according to preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information, and the unit operation information, specifically:

[0035] Based on the network security constraint and the unit operation information, judging whether the unit is restricted by a section through the section sensitivity of the unit;

[0036] If the unit is not restricted by the section, judging whether the unit is restricted by the preset negative reserve capacity according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the restriction information of the unit;

[0037] If the unit is not limited by the negative spare capacity, judging whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the limiting information of the unit;

[0038] If the unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time, the limitation information of the unit is output.

[0039] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, it is detected whether a power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever been replaced, and the start / stop reason of the unit is obtained, specifically:

[0040] Determine the corresponding power plant according to the thermal power unit corresponding to the start / stop unit number;

[0041] Detect whether the power plant has ever had a unit replacement; if a unit replacement has occurred, output the corresponding unit name and obtain the unit start and stop reasons.

[0042] In a possible implementation method of the first aspect, the method further includes:

[0043] If a replacement has occurred, the cost of replacing the device and the cost of not replacing the device are calculated and compared based on the preset time interval;

[0044] If the replacement cost is lower, the reasons for starting and stopping the output units are reasonable;

[0045] If the cost of not replacing the unit is lower, then the reasons for starting and stopping the output units are unreasonable.

[0046] After detecting that a machine replacement is required in a power plant, the above scheme calculates and compares the cost of machine replacement and the cost of not replacing the machine within a certain period of time to determine whether the machine replacement is reasonable, thereby improving the economic efficiency of the power generation plan in which the power plant participates.

[0047] The second aspect of the present application provides a system for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a day ago, the system comprising: a unit screening module, a unit division module, an operating unit determination module, a shutdown unit determination module and a start and stop cause analysis module;

[0048] The unit screening module is used to screen the thermal power units in the first state according to the power grid topology structure to obtain a first unit set;

[0049] The unit division module is used to divide the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set;

[0050] The operating unit determination module is used to determine the start and stop status of the operating unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and output the start and stop unit number of the operating unit set;

[0051] The shutdown unit determination module is used to determine the start and stop status of the shutdown unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and output the start and stop unit number of the shutdown unit set;

[0052] The start-stop reason analysis module is used to detect whether the power plant corresponding to the start-stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtain the start-stop reason of the unit.

[0053] A third aspect of the present application provides a terminal device, the device comprising: a terminal device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor implementing the steps of a method for analyzing the causes of start and stop of a unit a day ago as described in any one of the embodiments of the present application when executing the computer program. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation manner will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation manners of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0055] Figure 1This is a specific flow chart of a method for analyzing the causes of starting and stopping a unit a few days ago provided in a certain embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a specific structural diagram of a system for analyzing the causes of starting and stopping a unit a few days ago provided in a certain embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a terminal device is provided for a certain embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] It should be understood that the step numbers used in this article are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are executed.

[0060] First embodiment

[0061] In power plants participating in power market transactions, the daily power generation plan has a decisive impact on their revenue, especially for some thermal power units that have started and stopped in the unit combination results. If the thermal power units are frequently started and stopped during operation, it will not only affect the economic benefits of the power plant, but also bring additional peak load pressure. Moreover, the start-up and shutdown process of thermal power units is a rather complicated process. The start-up and shutdown process is very critical to the life of the unit and is also a process that is particularly prone to safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reasons that affect the start-up and shutdown of the unit and find the reasons for the start-up and shutdown of the unit, which is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A specific flow chart of a method for analyzing the cause of the start and stop of a unit a day ago is provided for a certain embodiment of the present application. The method for analyzing the cause of the start and stop of a unit a day ago in this embodiment includes steps S1 to S5, which are described in detail as follows:

[0063] Step S1, screening the thermal power generating units in a first state according to the topology of the power grid to obtain a first unit set.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, because the analysis of the reasons for start-up and shutdown is only for all freely optimized thermal power units, the first state is set to free optimization, and the thermal power units in free optimization are selected from all thermal power units, and the remaining thermal power units are marked with the corresponding states and do not participate in subsequent analysis.

[0065] Specifically, the input data of the day-ahead clearing algorithm contains a field that represents the operation plan of the thermal power unit, which is called the designated state of the unit. The designated state of the thermal power unit on the day before is allowed to be set to: free optimization, maintenance, and debugging, etc. The setting of the designated state is based on the actual situation of the unit's operation day. The freely optimized unit can decide whether to operate based on the previous day's operation state and the actual situation of the day. It is the thermal power unit that truly quotes quantity and participates in the market, and is also the main object of analyzing the reasons for start and stop. For units in other designated states, since the start and stop plan has been decided in advance according to the actual situation, it is only necessary to output the unit state and type information for reference.

[0066] Then, according to the grid topology, it is identified whether all freely optimized thermal power units are on the main island in the grid topology.

[0067] Among them, the main island refers to the main part of the power system, which usually includes most generators, loads and main transmission lines. Under normal operating conditions, the main island is connected to other topological islands, enabling power transmission and scheduling. In contrast, an island refers to a part of the network in the power system that can operate independently under certain specific circumstances, but is completely isolated from the external power grid. This state is usually caused by faults, equipment problems or human operations. For units that are not on the main island, they do not participate in the congestion management of day-ahead clearing. When such units are identified, they will no longer be judged due to their abnormal connection status.

[0068] When a freely optimized thermal power unit is identified to be located on the main island, the thermal power unit is divided into the first unit set. Otherwise, the start and stop reasons of the thermal power unit are directly output, which are generally equipment failure and human operation error.

[0069] After the location judgment of all freely optimized thermal power units is completed, the complete first unit set is obtained. Among them, because the main island contains the main loads and transmission lines of the power grid, which is closely related to the clearing activities of the power market, it is necessary to first filter out other unnecessary information and determine the thermal power units located in the main island of the power grid, so as to reduce the amount of data operation for subsequent system judgment and improve data processing efficiency.

[0070] Step S2, dividing the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the thermal power units in the first unit set that are in operation are classified into the operating unit set, and the thermal power units that are not in operation are classified into the shutdown unit set.

[0072] Step S3, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start and stop status of the operating unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the operating unit set are output.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the start and stop reasons of the operating units in operation are mainly analyzed.

[0074] First, obtain the clearing data and unit data. The clearing data is obtained according to the daily day-ahead clearing algorithm, and the unit data is mainly obtained through the optimization results output by the preset safety constraint unit combination model. According to the clearing data and unit data, the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information, unit operation information and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit can be obtained. Among them, the unit operation information includes the unit specified state, initial operation state, minimum continuous operation time and minimum downtime, etc.

[0075] The second step is to determine whether the quotation corresponding to the unit output of the thermal power unit is less than the node electricity price of the node where the thermal power unit is located, and less than the set electricity energy price, based on the electricity price data and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit, as well as the output data. If so, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a normal low price and is started and stopped normally; otherwise, it is necessary to analyze the actual start and stop status of the thermal power unit.

[0076] In the third step, based on the start-stop change information, it is determined whether the thermal power unit in the operating unit concentration is actually in the start-stop state. If so, the process of the thermal power unit being in the start-up or shutdown state is output; otherwise, the restricted information of the thermal power unit needs to be analyzed.

[0077] In the fourth step, firstly, the section sensitivity of the thermal power unit is obtained according to the preset network security constraints and the unit operation information, and then it is determined whether the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section.

[0078] Specifically, first find the blocked section with a negative sensitivity relationship with the thermal power unit. If the output of the thermal power unit drops to 0 (indicated as shutdown) based on the original clearing optimization result, and there is a positive over-limit of the flow in a certain section (the flow value is greater than the specified upper limit of the flow in the section), then it means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the positive blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section. Conversely, if the sensitivity relationship with a certain section is positive, when the output of the unit is reduced, the negative over-limit is exceeded when the flow of the section is recalculated, which means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the negative blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section.

[0079] If it is determined that the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section, it means that the thermal power unit is started and stopped because of the restriction of the positive / negative section.

[0080] If the thermal power units in the operating unit concentration are not restricted by the section, it is determined whether the thermal power units are restricted by the preset positive and standby capacity according to the unit operation information.

[0081] Specifically, system reserve refers to the additional generating capacity in the power system used to deal with load fluctuations, generator failures or other emergencies. The purpose of system reserve is to ensure that the power supply can maintain reliability and stability in the event of an unexpected event. System reserve is generally divided into two categories: positive reserve and negative reserve. Positive reserve refers to the additional generating capacity that can be immediately dispatched in the power system, which exceeds the current load demand. Its main function is to deal with possible future load increases or failures of generator sets, and is referred to as positive reserve capacity in the embodiments of the present application. Negative reserve refers to the generating capacity that can be immediately reduced in the power system, mainly used to deal with load reduction or unexpected exit of generator sets from operation. Negative reserve ensures that the system can adjust the power generation in time when the load is reduced to avoid system overload and frequency fluctuations. Corresponding positive and negative reserve demands will be set during the day-ahead clearing, and corresponding positive and negative reserve constraints will be set.

[0082] For example, if a thermal power unit is shut down and its re-counted system positive reserve is lower than the preset positive reserve capacity, it can be explained that the thermal power unit is started up due to limited positive reserve.

[0083] Next, if the thermal power unit is not limited by the positive standby capacity, it is determined whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the operation information of the thermal power unit.

[0084] For example, if the operation maintenance time of a thermal power unit is less than the minimum continuous operation time, it can be determined that the thermal power unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time and remains on and cannot be shut down. Otherwise, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a high price and is started and stopped without reason.

[0085] Finally, according to the above judgment, the restricted information of the thermal power unit is obtained. The restricted information, the price winning information and the actual start and stop status are combined to obtain the start and stop status of each thermal power unit in the operating unit set, and the start and stop unit number of the operating unit set is output.

[0086] Step S4, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start / stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start / stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the electricity price data, output data, start / stop change information and unit operation information obtained in step S3, the start / stop reasons of the shutdown unit set are analyzed.

[0088] First, based on the electricity price data and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit, as well as the output data, determine whether the unit minimum power generation cost of the thermal power unit is greater than the node electricity price of the node where the thermal power unit is located, and greater than the set electricity energy price. If so, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a normal high price and is started and stopped normally; otherwise, it is necessary to analyze the restricted information of the thermal power unit.

[0089] In the first step, according to the preset network security constraints and the unit operation information, the section sensitivity of the thermal power unit is obtained, and then it is determined whether the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section.

[0090] Specifically, first find the blocked section with a negative sensitivity relationship with the thermal power unit. If the output of the thermal power unit drops to 0 (indicated as shutdown) based on the original clearing optimization result, and there is a positive over-limit of the flow in a certain section (the flow value is greater than the specified upper limit of the flow in the section), then it means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the positive blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section. Conversely, if the sensitivity relationship with a certain section is positive, when the output of the unit is reduced, the negative over-limit is exceeded when the flow of the section is recalculated, which means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the negative blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section.

[0091] If it is determined that the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section, it means that the thermal power unit is started and stopped because of the restriction of the positive / negative section.

[0092] If the thermal power units in the shutdown unit concentration are not restricted by the section, it is determined whether the thermal power units are restricted by the preset negative reserve capacity according to the unit operation information.

[0093] For example, if a thermal power unit is started and its re-counted system negative reserve is lower than the preset negative reserve capacity, it can be said that the thermal power unit is shut down due to limited negative reserve.

[0094] Next, if the thermal power unit is not limited by the negative reserve capacity, it is determined whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the operation information of the thermal power unit.

[0095] For example, if the continuous downtime of a thermal power unit is less than the minimum continuous downtime, it can be determined that the thermal power unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time and remains shut down and cannot be started. Otherwise, it is considered that the thermal power unit failed to win the bid at a low price and was started and stopped without reason.

[0096] Finally, according to the above judgment, the restricted information of the thermal power unit is obtained. The restricted information, the price winning information and the actual start and stop status are combined to obtain the start and stop status of each thermal power unit in the shutdown unit set, and the start and stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output.

[0097] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the restricted information of a thermal power unit is empty, the corresponding start / stop unit number is output.

[0098] Step S5, detecting whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtaining the start / stop reason of the unit.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding thermal power unit and power plant are determined according to the acquired start-stop unit number. Then, it is searched whether there is a machine replacement in the power plant. If a machine replacement has occurred, the corresponding machine replacement unit name is output and it is determined whether the sensitivity of the unit is the same; otherwise, the start-stop analysis is terminated.

[0100] Among them, the situations of machine replacement include the thermal power units being started up one after another and one being shut down and the other being started up.

[0101] Furthermore, if a machine replacement has occurred, the cost difference between replacing the machine and not replacing the machine during the period from shutdown to startup is calculated. If the cost of replacing the machine is lower, the output reasons for starting and stopping the unit are reasonable. If the cost of replacing the machine is higher, the output reasons for starting and stopping the unit are unreasonable.

[0102] Implementing the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0103] The embodiment of the present application first screens out the thermal power units that actually participate in the quotation and market transaction, and then divides the first unit set according to the originally set operating status, and obtains the operating unit set and the shutdown unit set respectively. Then, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the actual start and stop status of each operating unit and shutdown unit is first judged to obtain the unit number that actually undergoes start and stop changes, and based on these numbers, it is retrieved whether the corresponding power plant has caused the unit to start and stop because of a machine change, and the accurate cause of the unit start and stop is obtained. Because the above-mentioned systematic judgment process standard does not rely on manual participation, the efficiency of data analysis is improved and the consumption of labor costs is reduced. The accurate cause of unit start and stop is helpful to discover unreasonable places where the unit starts and stops during operation to improve the production efficiency of the power plant and the operation stability of the power grid.

[0104] Second embodiment

[0105] Further, in order to execute the analysis system of the cause of the start and stop of the unit corresponding to the above method embodiment to achieve the corresponding functions and technical effects, Figure 2 A structural diagram of a system for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a day ago is provided. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown. The system for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a day ago provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0106] The unit screening module 201 is used to screen the thermal power units in the first state according to the power grid topology structure to obtain a first unit set.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the power grid topology, it is identified whether the thermal power generating unit in the first state is located in the main island in the power grid topology.

[0108] If the thermal power generation unit is located on the main island, the thermal power generation unit is divided into a first unit set;

[0109] If the thermal power unit is not located on the main island, the start and stop reasons of the thermal power unit are output.

[0110] The unit division module 202 is used to divide the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, the thermal power units in the first unit set that are in operation are classified into the operation unit set, and the thermal power units that are not in operation are classified into the shutdown unit set.

[0112] The operating unit determination module 203 is used to determine the start and stop status of the operating unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and output the start and stop unit numbers of the operating unit set.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the clearing data and unit data, the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the operating unit set are obtained.

[0114] According to the electricity price data and the output data, the price winning bid information of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained.

[0115] According to the start / stop change information, the actual start / stop status of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained.

[0116] According to the preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information, the restricted information of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained.

[0117] The start / stop status of the operating unit set is judged according to the price winning bid information, the actual start / stop status and the restricted information, and the start / stop unit number of the operating unit set is output.

[0118] The shutdown unit determination module 204 determines the start and stop status of the shutdown unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and outputs the start and stop unit numbers of the shutdown unit set.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the clearing data and unit data, the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the shutdown unit set are obtained.

[0120] According to the electricity price data and the output data, the price winning bid information of each unit in the shutdown unit set is obtained.

[0121] According to the preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information, the restricted information of each unit in the shutdown unit set is obtained.

[0122] The start / stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged according to the price winning bid information, the actual start / stop status and the restricted information, and the start / stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output.

[0123] The start / stop reason analysis module 205 is used to detect whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtain the start / stop reason of the unit.

[0124] In an embodiment of the present application, the corresponding power plant is determined based on the thermal power unit corresponding to the start / stop unit number; it is detected whether the power plant has ever had a unit replacement; if a unit replacement has occurred, the corresponding unit replacement name is output and the reason for the unit start / stop is obtained.

[0125] In some embodiments, the unit screening module 201 is specifically:

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, because the analysis of the reasons for start-up and shutdown is only for all freely optimized thermal power units, the first state is set to free optimization, and the thermal power units in free optimization are selected from all thermal power units, and the remaining thermal power units are marked with the corresponding states and do not participate in subsequent analysis.

[0127] Specifically, the input data of the day-ahead clearing algorithm contains a field that represents the operation plan of the thermal power unit, which is called the designated state of the unit. The designated state of the thermal power unit on the day before is allowed to be set to: free optimization, maintenance, and debugging, etc. The setting of the designated state is based on the actual situation of the unit's operation day. The freely optimized unit can decide whether to operate based on the previous day's operation state and the actual situation of the day. It is the thermal power unit that truly quotes quantity and participates in the market, and is also the main object of analyzing the reasons for start and stop. For units in other designated states, since the start and stop plan has been decided in advance according to the actual situation, it is only necessary to output the unit state and type information for reference.

[0128] Then, according to the grid topology, it is identified whether all freely optimized thermal power units are on the main island in the grid topology.

[0129] Among them, the main island refers to the main part of the power system, which usually includes most generators, loads and main transmission lines. Under normal operating conditions, the main island is connected to other topological islands, enabling power transmission and scheduling. In contrast, an island refers to a part of the network in the power system that can operate independently under certain specific circumstances, but is completely isolated from the external power grid. This state is usually caused by faults, equipment problems or human operations. For units that are not on the main island, they do not participate in the congestion management of day-ahead clearing. When such units are identified, they will no longer be judged due to their abnormal connection status.

[0130] When a freely optimized thermal power unit is identified to be located on the main island, the thermal power unit is divided into the first unit set. Otherwise, the start and stop reasons of the thermal power unit are directly output, which are generally equipment failure and human operation error.

[0131] After the location judgment of all freely optimized thermal power units is completed, the complete first unit set is obtained. Among them, because the main island contains the main loads and transmission lines of the power grid, which is closely related to the clearing activities of the power market, it is necessary to filter out other unnecessary information and determine the thermal power units located in the main island of the power grid, so as to reduce the amount of data operation for subsequent system judgment and improve data processing efficiency.

[0132] In some embodiments, the operating unit determination module 203 is specifically:

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, the start and stop reasons of the operating units in operation are mainly analyzed.

[0134] First, obtain the clearing data and unit data. The clearing data is obtained according to the daily day-ahead clearing algorithm, and the unit data is mainly obtained through the optimization results output by the preset safety constraint unit combination model. According to the clearing data and unit data, the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information, unit operation information and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit can be obtained. Among them, the unit operation information includes the unit specified state, initial operation state, minimum continuous operation time and minimum downtime, etc.

[0135] The second step is to determine whether the quotation corresponding to the unit output of the thermal power unit is less than the node electricity price of the node where the thermal power unit is located, and less than the set electricity energy price, based on the electricity price data and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit, as well as the output data. If so, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a normal low price and is started and stopped normally; otherwise, it is necessary to analyze the actual start and stop status of the thermal power unit.

[0136] In the third step, based on the start-stop change information, it is determined whether the thermal power unit in the operating unit concentration is actually in the start-stop state. If so, the process of the thermal power unit being in the start-up or shutdown state is output; otherwise, the restricted information of the thermal power unit needs to be analyzed.

[0137] In the fourth step, firstly, the section sensitivity of the thermal power unit is obtained according to the preset network security constraints and the unit operation information, and then it is determined whether the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section.

[0138] Specifically, first find the blocked section with a negative sensitivity relationship with the thermal power unit. If the output of the thermal power unit drops to 0 (indicated as shutdown) based on the original clearing optimization result, and there is a positive over-limit of the flow in a certain section (the flow value is greater than the specified upper limit of the flow in the section), then it means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the positive blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section. Conversely, if the sensitivity relationship with a certain section is positive, when the output of the unit is reduced, the negative over-limit is exceeded when the flow of the section is recalculated, which means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the negative blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section.

[0139] If it is determined that the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section, it means that the thermal power unit is started and stopped because of the restriction of the positive / negative section.

[0140] If the thermal power units in the operating unit concentration are not restricted by the section, it is determined whether the thermal power units are restricted by the preset positive and standby capacity according to the unit operation information.

[0141] Specifically, system reserve refers to the additional generating capacity in the power system used to deal with load fluctuations, generator failures or other emergencies. The purpose of system reserve is to ensure that the power supply can maintain reliability and stability in the event of an unexpected event. System reserve is generally divided into two categories: positive reserve and negative reserve. Positive reserve refers to the additional generating capacity that can be immediately dispatched in the power system, which exceeds the current load demand. Its main function is to deal with possible future load increases or failures of generator sets, and is referred to as positive reserve capacity in the embodiments of the present application. Negative reserve refers to the generating capacity that can be immediately reduced in the power system, mainly used to deal with load reduction or unexpected exit of generator sets from operation. Negative reserve ensures that the system can adjust the power generation in time when the load is reduced to avoid system overload and frequency fluctuations. Corresponding positive and negative reserve demands will be set during the day-ahead clearing, and corresponding positive and negative reserve constraints will be set.

[0142] For example, if a thermal power unit is shut down and its re-counted system positive reserve is lower than the preset positive reserve capacity, it can be explained that the thermal power unit is started up due to limited positive reserve.

[0143] Next, if the thermal power unit is not limited by the positive standby capacity, it is determined whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the operation information of the thermal power unit.

[0144] For example, if the operation maintenance time of a thermal power unit is less than the minimum continuous operation time, it can be determined that the thermal power unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time and remains on and cannot be shut down. Otherwise, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a high price and is started and stopped without reason.

[0145] Finally, according to the above judgment, the restricted information of the thermal power unit is obtained. The restricted information, the price winning information and the actual start and stop status are combined to obtain the start and stop status of each thermal power unit in the operating unit set, and the start and stop unit number of the operating unit set is output.

[0146] In some embodiments, the shutdown unit determination module 204 is specifically:

[0147] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the electricity price data, output data, start / stop change information and unit operation information obtained in step S3, the start / stop reasons of the shutdown unit set are analyzed.

[0148] First, based on the electricity price data and unit quotation information of the thermal power unit, as well as the output data, determine whether the unit minimum power generation cost of the thermal power unit is greater than the node electricity price of the node where the thermal power unit is located, and greater than the set electricity energy price. If so, it is considered that the thermal power unit has won the bid at a normal high price and is started and stopped normally; otherwise, it is necessary to analyze the restricted information of the thermal power unit.

[0149] In the first step, according to the preset network security constraints and the unit operation information, the section sensitivity of the thermal power unit is obtained, and then it is determined whether the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section.

[0150] Specifically, first find the blocked section with a negative sensitivity relationship with the thermal power unit. If the output of the thermal power unit drops to 0 (indicated as shutdown) based on the original clearing optimization result, and there is a positive over-limit of the flow in a certain section (the flow value is greater than the specified upper limit of the flow in the section), then it means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the positive blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section. Conversely, if the sensitivity relationship with a certain section is positive, when the output of the unit is reduced, the negative over-limit is exceeded when the flow of the section is recalculated, which means that the operation of the unit can alleviate the negative blockage of the section. At this time, it is judged that the thermal power unit is restricted by the negative section.

[0151] If it is determined that the thermal power unit is restricted by the positive / negative section, it means that the thermal power unit is started and stopped because of the restriction of the positive / negative section.

[0152] If the thermal power units in the shutdown unit concentration are not restricted by the section, it is determined whether the thermal power units are restricted by the preset negative reserve capacity according to the unit operation information.

[0153] For example, if a thermal power unit is started and its re-counted system negative reserve is lower than the preset negative reserve capacity, it can be said that the thermal power unit is shut down due to limited negative reserve.

[0154] Next, if the thermal power unit is not limited by the negative reserve capacity, it is determined whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the operation information of the thermal power unit.

[0155] For example, if the continuous downtime of a thermal power unit is less than the minimum continuous downtime, it can be determined that the thermal power unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time and remains shut down and cannot be started. Otherwise, it is considered that the thermal power unit failed to win the bid at a low price and was started and stopped without reason.

[0156] Finally, according to the above judgment, the restricted information of the thermal power unit is obtained. The restricted information, the price winning information and the actual start and stop status are combined to obtain the start and stop status of each thermal power unit in the shutdown unit set, and the start and stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output.

[0157] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the restricted information of a thermal power unit is empty, the corresponding start / stop unit number is output.

[0158] In some embodiments, the start / stop reason analysis module 205 is specifically:

[0159] In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding thermal power unit and power plant are determined according to the acquired start-stop unit number. Then, it is searched whether there is a machine replacement in the power plant. If a machine replacement has occurred, the corresponding machine replacement unit name is output and it is determined whether the sensitivity of the unit is the same; otherwise, the start-stop analysis is terminated.

[0160] Among them, the situations of machine replacement include the thermal power units being started up one after another and one being shut down and the other being started up.

[0161] Furthermore, if a machine replacement has occurred, the cost difference between replacing the machine and not replacing the machine during the period from shutdown to startup is calculated. If the cost of replacing the machine is lower, the output reasons for starting and stopping the unit are reasonable. If the cost of replacing the machine is higher, the output reasons for starting and stopping the unit are unreasonable.

[0162] Implementing the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0163] The embodiment of the present application first screens out the thermal power units that actually participate in the quotation and market transaction, and then divides the first unit set according to the originally set operating status, and obtains the operating unit set and the shutdown unit set respectively. Then, based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the actual start and stop status of each operating unit and shutdown unit is first judged to obtain the unit number that actually undergoes start and stop changes, and based on these numbers, it is retrieved whether the corresponding power plant has caused the unit to start and stop because of a machine change, and the accurate cause of the unit start and stop is obtained. Because the above-mentioned systematic judgment process standard does not rely on manual participation, the efficiency of data analysis is improved and the consumption of labor costs is reduced. The accurate cause of unit start and stop is helpful to discover unreasonable places where the unit starts and stops during operation to improve the production efficiency of the power plant and the operation stability of the power grid.

[0164] Third embodiment

[0165] Furthermore, Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device 3 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 30 (in Figure 3 Only one is shown) and a memory 31 and a computer program 32 stored in the memory 31 and executable on the at least one processor. When the processor 30 executes the computer program 32, the steps of a method for analyzing the causes of starting and stopping a unit a few days ago as described in any one of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented.

[0166] The terminal device 3 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a cloud server, or a laptop computer. The computing device may include but is not limited to a processor 30 and a memory 31 . Figure 3 This is merely an example of the terminal device 3 and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device 3 , which may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure.

[0167] The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a few days ago, characterized in that: include: According to the topology of the power grid, thermal power generating units in a first state are screened to obtain a first generating unit set; Dividing the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set; Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start and stop status of the operating unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the operating unit set are output; Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start-stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start-stop unit number of the shutdown unit set is output; Detect whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtain the start / stop reason of the unit.

2. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit a day ago according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal power generating units in the first state are screened according to the power grid topology structure to obtain the first unit set, specifically: Based on the power grid topology, identifying whether the thermal power generating unit in the first state is located in a main island in the power grid topology; If the thermal power generation unit is located on the main island, the thermal power generation unit is divided into a first unit set; If the thermal power unit is not located on the main island, the start and stop reasons of the thermal power unit are output.

3. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit in the previous day according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start and stop status of the operating unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the operating unit set are output, specifically: Based on the clearing data and unit data, obtaining the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the operating unit set; According to the electricity price data and the output data, obtaining price winning bid information of each unit in the operating unit set; According to the start-stop change information, the actual start-stop status of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained; Obtaining restricted information of each unit in the operating unit set according to preset network security constraints, the start / stop change information, and the unit operation information; The start / stop status of the operating unit set is judged according to the price winning bid information, the actual start / stop status and the restricted information, and the start / stop unit number of the operating unit set is output.

4. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit in the previous day according to claim 3, characterized in that: The restricted information of each unit in the operating unit set is obtained according to the preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information, specifically: Based on the network security constraint and the unit operation information, judging whether the unit is restricted by a section through the section sensitivity of the unit; If the unit is not restricted by the section, judging whether the unit is restricted by the preset positive reserve capacity according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the restriction information of the unit; If the unit is not limited by the positive reserve capacity, judging whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the unit operation information; Otherwise, outputting the restricted information of the unit; If the unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time, the limitation information of the unit is output.

5. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit in the previous day according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, the start and stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the shutdown unit set are output, specifically: Based on the clearing data and unit data, obtaining the electricity price data, output data, start-stop change information and unit operation information of the shutdown unit set; According to the electricity price data and the output data, obtaining price winning bid information of each unit in the shutdown unit set; Obtaining restricted information of each unit in the shutdown unit set according to preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information; According to the price winning bid information and the restricted information, the start and stop status of the shutdown unit set is judged, and the start and stop unit numbers of the shutdown unit set are output.

6. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit in the previous day according to claim 5, characterized in that: The restricted information of each unit in the shutdown unit set is obtained according to the preset network security constraints, the start-stop change information and the unit operation information, specifically: Based on the network security constraint and the unit operation information, judging whether the unit is restricted by a section through the section sensitivity of the unit; If the unit is not restricted by the section, judging whether the unit is restricted by the preset negative reserve capacity according to the unit operation information; otherwise, outputting the restriction information of the unit; If the unit is not limited by the negative spare capacity, judging whether the unit is limited by a preset minimum start-up and shutdown time according to the unit operation information; Otherwise, outputting the restricted information of the unit; If the unit is limited by the minimum start-stop time, the limitation information of the unit is output.

7. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit a day ago according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detecting whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtaining the start / stop reason of the unit, specifically: Determine the corresponding power plant according to the thermal power unit corresponding to the start-stop unit number; Detect whether the power plant has ever had a unit replacement; if a unit replacement has occurred, output the corresponding unit name and obtain the unit start and stop reasons.

8. The method for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of the unit a day ago according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: If a replacement has occurred, the cost of replacing the device and the cost of not replacing the device are calculated and compared based on the preset time interval; If the cost of replacing the unit is lower, then the reasons for starting and stopping the output unit are reasonable; If the cost is lower without replacing the unit, the reasons for starting and stopping the output units are unreasonable.

9. A system for analyzing the causes of the start and stop of a unit a few days ago, characterized in that: include: Unit screening module, unit classification module, operating unit determination module, shutdown unit determination module and start-stop reason analysis module; The unit screening module is used to screen the thermal power units in the first state according to the power grid topology structure to obtain a first unit set; The unit division module is used to divide the first unit set according to the operating status to obtain an operating unit set and a shutdown unit set; The operating unit determination module is used to determine the start and stop status of the operating unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and output the start and stop unit number of the operating unit set; The shutdown unit determination module is used to determine the start and stop status of the shutdown unit set based on the acquired clearing data and unit data, and output the start and stop unit number of the shutdown unit set; The start / stop reason analysis module is used to detect whether the power plant corresponding to the start / stop unit number has ever had a unit replacement, and obtain the start / stop reason of the unit.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a method for analyzing the causes of starting and stopping a unit a day ago according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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