Flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit and modularized thermoelectric power generation heat collector

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit and a modularized thermoelectric power generation heat collector. The smoke waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit comprises a graphite water-cooling plate radiator with through holes, thermoelectric power generation pieces and a smoke heat exchange cavity. A plurality of smoke heat exchange cavities are formed in the side faces of the two sides of the graphite water-cooling plate radiator, and set gaps are reserved between the smoke heat exchange cavities and the graphite water-cooling plate radiator. First heat conduction gaskets are attached to the lower surface of the upper smoke heat exchange cavity and the upper surface of the lower smoke heat exchange cavity respectively, and second heat conduction gaskets are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the graphite water cooling plate radiator respectively. The plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets are distributed in a matrix between the first heat-conducting gasket and the second heat-conducting gasket, and the two surfaces of the thermoelectric power generation sheets are connected to the first heat-conducting gasket and the second heat-conducting gasket; the graphite water-cooling plate radiator is in circulating connection with an external water path, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is connected to an external flue gas pipeline. The device has the advantages of being good in heat conduction performance, high in reliability and high in universality, the waste heat power generation efficiency is effectively improved, and meanwhile the device can be suitable for more scenes through modular recombination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation, and in particular to a flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group and a modular thermoelectric power generation collector. Background Art

[0002] The hot flue gas produced during the sintering process of steel enterprises has the characteristics of high calorific value. At present, the recovery rate of high-temperature flue gas is relatively high. Generally, boilers are used to produce steam for power generation or hot water preparation to recover the heat in the flue gas. However, there is little recovery and utilization of medium and low-temperature flue gas, resulting in energy waste, making the waste heat recovery of the sintering process still at a low level.

[0003] Thermoelectric power generation technology is a direct power generation technology that uses the physical properties of thermoelectric materials to convert thermal energy into electrical energy. Due to its simple structure, no restrictions on space and temperature conditions, and no maintenance, it can be applied to various forms of heat sources.

[0004] At present, many literatures and patents have studied waste heat recovery thermoelectric power generation devices, but there are problems such as low heat exchange efficiency of the radiator, small temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, single device structure and fixed number of modules. Therefore, how to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator, increase the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and enable the thermoelectric power generation device to be modularly combined to adapt to a variety of heat source environments has become a research direction for technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group and a modular thermoelectric power generation collector are provided, which have the characteristics of good thermal conductivity, high reliability and strong universality. While effectively improving the efficiency of waste heat power generation, it can also be applied to more scenarios through modular reorganization.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: In a first aspect, a flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group includes a graphite cold plate radiator with through holes, a thermoelectric generating sheet, and a flue gas heat exchange cavity; a plurality of flue gas heat exchange cavities are provided on both sides of the graphite cold plate radiator, and a set gap is left between the flue gas heat exchange cavity and the graphite cold plate radiator; a first thermal conductive gasket is respectively attached to the lower surface of the upper flue gas heat exchange cavity and the upper surface of the lower flue gas heat exchange cavity, and a second thermal conductive gasket is respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the graphite cold plate radiator; a plurality of thermoelectric generating sheets are distributed in a matrix between the first thermal conductive gasket and the second thermal conductive gasket, and two sides of the thermoelectric generating sheets are connected to the first thermal conductive gasket and the second thermal conductive gasket; the graphite cold plate radiator is connected to an external water circuit, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is connected to an external flue gas pipeline.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the flue gas heat exchange cavity is provided with an air inlet, a cavity body and an air outlet; a plurality of fins are provided in the cavity body, and the fins divide the flue gas heat exchange cavity into a plurality of independent flue gas heat exchange channels.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the chamber body adopts a closed cavity structure, a plurality of fins are arranged in parallel, and the top and bottom of the fins are respectively connected between the top wall and the bottom wall of the chamber body.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the thermoelectric generating sheets between the first thermally conductive gasket and the second thermally conductive gasket are divided into multiple groups; the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are arranged in a row between the first thermally conductive gasket and the second thermally conductive gasket, and the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are connected in series; different groups are connected in parallel.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the cold end radiator uses soft water as a cold source.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the thermoelectric generating sheet is composed of a plurality of pairs of p-type thermoelectric materials and n-type thermoelectric materials.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the thickness of a single first thermally conductive gasket is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness of a single second thermally conductive gasket is 1.5 mm to 3 mm.

[0013] In a second aspect, a modular thermoelectric power generation collector is characterized in that it includes any flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group as described above, and multiple flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are connected in parallel.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, a plurality of flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are distributed in an array, and adjacent flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are arranged close to each other; a thermal insulation gasket is provided on the side wall surface of the modular thermoelectric power generation collector.

[0015] According to the above technical scheme, it also includes a water pool, a pipeline connected between the water pool and the graphite cold plate radiator, and a circulating water pump arranged on the pipeline; in the modular thermoelectric power generation collector, the water inlet of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is respectively connected to the branches of the soft water main pipe; the water outlet of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is connected to another soft water pipeline and flows into the soft water pool.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In a single flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group, the cold end radiator adopts a water-cooled graphite plate with through holes, which has better heat dissipation performance than the traditional water-cooled plate. Secondly, a first thermal conductive gasket is set between the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the flue gas heat exchange cavity, and a second thermal conductive gasket is set between the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the graphite cold plate radiator. Compared with the thermal conductive silicone grease in the prior art, the thermal conductive gasket can withstand a higher operating temperature, has a higher thermal conductivity and a longer service life. Finally, the flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group can be modularly reorganized according to the installation position and size, and the number of thermoelectric power generation groups and multiple thermoelectric power generation collectors can be adjusted to generate electricity together. It has the characteristics of simple structure, modular composition and strong universality; it is simple and easy to operate in engineering implementation, has strong temperature resistance, is suitable for environments with high heat source temperatures such as steel plants, and does not involve high-precision instruments, so the cost is relatively low; it can effectively recycle the waste heat of the heat source to achieve the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction.

[0017] 2. The fins divide the chamber body into several separate flue gas heat exchange channels, increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the heat source (flue gas) and effectively improving the efficiency of transferring heat from the heat source to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module.

[0018] 3. Soft water has stronger insulation and contains fewer impurities, which reduces the precipitation of calcium and magnesium salts and reduces heat transfer obstacles. 4. Install heat-insulating gaskets on the sides of the modular thermoelectric collector to prevent heat loss from the sides.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the series-parallel connection of the thermoelectric generating sheets of the embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a modular thermoelectric power generation collector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of a modular thermoelectric power generation collector according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, 1. Graphite cold plate radiator; 2. Thermoelectric power generation sheet; 3. Flue gas heat exchange cavity; 4. First thermal conductive gasket; 5. Second thermal conductive gasket; 6. Modular thermoelectric power generation collector; 7. Water tank; 8. Water inlet; 9. Water outlet; 10. Medium and low temperature flue gas; 11. External electrical equipment; 12. Circulating soft water; 13. Flue gas; 14. Electric energy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0025] Reference Figure 1~Figure 4 As shown, the flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group provided by the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 It comprises a graphite cold plate radiator 1 with through holes, a thermoelectric generating sheet 2, and a flue gas heat exchange cavity 3; a plurality of flue gas heat exchange cavities are arranged on both sides of the graphite cold plate radiator, and a set gap is left between the flue gas heat exchange cavity and the graphite cold plate radiator; a first thermal conductive pad 4 is respectively attached to the lower surface of the upper flue gas heat exchange cavity and the upper surface of the lower flue gas heat exchange cavity, and a second thermal conductive pad 5 is respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the graphite cold plate radiator; a plurality of thermoelectric generating sheets are distributed in a matrix between the first thermal conductive pad and the second thermal conductive pad, and two sides of the thermoelectric generating sheets are connected to the first thermal conductive pad and the second thermal conductive pad; the graphite cold plate radiator is connected to an external water circuit, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is connected to an external flue gas pipeline.

[0027] In a single flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit, the cold end radiator uses a water-cooled graphite plate with through holes, which has better heat dissipation performance than the traditional water-cooled plate. Secondly, a first thermally conductive gasket is set between the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the flue gas heat exchange cavity, and a second thermally conductive gasket is set between the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the graphite cold plate radiator. Compared with the thermally conductive silicone grease in the prior art, the thermally conductive gasket can withstand higher operating temperatures, has a higher thermal conductivity, and has a longer service life. Example 2 The structure and principle of Example 2 are similar to those of Example 1, except that: the flue gas heat exchange cavity is provided with an air inlet, a cavity body and an air outlet; a plurality of fins are provided in the cavity body, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is divided into a plurality of independent flue gas heat exchange channels by the fins. The fins divide the cavity body into a plurality of independent flue gas heat exchange channels, thereby increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the heat source (flue gas 13) and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment 2, the chamber body adopts a closed cavity structure, a plurality of fins are arranged in parallel, and the top and bottom of the fins are respectively connected between the top wall and the bottom wall of the chamber body.

[0029] Example 3 The structure and principle of Example 3 are similar to those of Examples 1 and 2, except that: a preferred distribution method of the thermoelectric generating sheets is provided; the thermoelectric generating sheets between the first thermally conductive gasket and the second thermally conductive gasket are divided into multiple groups; the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are arranged in a row between the first thermally conductive gasket and the second thermally conductive gasket, and the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are connected in series; and different groups are connected in parallel.

[0030] As shown in the figure, there are 50 thermoelectric generating sheets arranged between the first thermally conductive pad and the second thermally conductive pad, arranged in a matrix of 5 (columns) × 10 (rows). The positive and negative electrodes of the 10 thermoelectric generating sheets in a single row are connected in series, and the thermoelectric generating sheets in the five columns are connected in parallel. The positive and negative connecting lines between the multiple thermoelectric generating sheets are connected in sequence, and the positive connecting line of the first thermoelectric generating sheet and the negative connecting line of the last thermoelectric generating sheet are connected to the external circuit.

[0031] In Examples 1-3, the preferred cold end radiator uses soft water as a cold source. Soft water has stronger insulation properties and contains fewer impurities, which reduces the precipitation of calcium salts and magnesium salts and reduces heat transfer obstacles.

[0032] In embodiments 1-3, the thermoelectric generating sheet is composed of several pairs of p-type thermoelectric materials and n-type thermoelectric materials. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the single thermoelectric generating sheet adopts the model of TEG thermal insulation gasket 1-19913, with a size of 50mm×50mm, including 199 pairs of p-type thermoelectric materials and n-type thermoelectric materials.

[0033] In embodiments 1-3, the thickness of a single first thermally conductive gasket is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness of a single second thermally conductive gasket is 1.5 mm to 3 mm; in the embodiment in the figure, the thickness of a single first thermally conductive gasket is 1 mm, and the thickness of a single second thermally conductive gasket is 2 mm.

[0034] The present invention further provides a modular thermoelectric power generation collector 6, comprising any of the flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups as described above, wherein a plurality of flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are connected in parallel.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are arranged in an array, and adjacent flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are arranged close to each other; a heat insulating gasket is provided on the side wall surface of the modular thermoelectric power generation collector. A heat insulating gasket is provided on the side of the modular thermoelectric power generation collector to prevent heat loss from the side.

[0036] The modular thermoelectric power generation collector also includes a water pool 7, a pipeline connected between the water pool and the graphite cold plate radiator, and a circulating water pump arranged on the pipeline; in the modular thermoelectric power generation collector, the water inlet 8 of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is respectively connected to each branch of the soft water main pipe; the water outlet 9 of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is connected to another soft water pipeline and flows into the soft water pool, and the soft water in the soft water pool is circulated.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the medium and low temperature flue gas 10 enters the modular thermoelectric collector, and the thermoelectric sheet uses the waste heat to generate electricity 14, which is used to power external electrical equipment 11. In this process, the water pool provides circulating soft water 12 for the modular thermoelectric collector.

[0038] The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group can be modularly reorganized according to the installation location and size, and the number of thermoelectric power generation groups can be adjusted and multiple thermoelectric collectors can be combined together to generate electricity. It has the characteristics of simple structure, modular composition, and strong universality. It is simple and easy to operate in engineering implementation, has strong temperature resistance, and is suitable for environments with high heat source temperatures such as steel mills. It does not involve high-precision instruments, so the cost is relatively low. It can effectively recycle and utilize the waste heat from the heat source to achieve the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. Flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit, characterized by: It includes a graphite cold plate radiator with through holes, a thermoelectric generating sheet, and a flue gas heat exchange cavity; a plurality of flue gas heat exchange cavities are arranged on both sides of the graphite cold plate radiator, and a set gap is left between the flue gas heat exchange cavity and the graphite cold plate radiator; a first thermal conductive pad is respectively attached to the lower surface of the upper flue gas heat exchange cavity and the upper surface of the lower flue gas heat exchange cavity, and a second thermal conductive pad is respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the graphite cold plate radiator; a plurality of thermoelectric generating sheets are distributed in a matrix between the first thermal conductive pad and the second thermal conductive pad, and two sides of the thermoelectric generating sheets are connected to the first thermal conductive pad and the second thermal conductive pad; the graphite cold plate radiator is connected to an external water circuit, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is connected to an external flue gas pipeline.

2. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas heat exchange cavity is provided with an air inlet, a cavity body and an air outlet; a plurality of fins are provided in the cavity body, and the flue gas heat exchange cavity is divided into a plurality of independent flue gas heat exchange channels by the fins.

3. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chamber body adopts a closed cavity structure, a plurality of fins are arranged in parallel, and the top and bottom of the fins are respectively connected between the top wall and the bottom wall of the chamber body.

4. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoelectric generating sheets between the first thermally conductive pad and the second thermally conductive pad are divided into multiple groups; the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are arranged in a row between the first thermally conductive pad and the second thermally conductive pad, and the thermoelectric generating sheets of the same group are connected in series; different groups are connected in parallel.

5. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold end radiator uses soft water as the cooling source.

6. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoelectric power generation sheet is composed of several pairs of p-type thermoelectric materials and n-type thermoelectric materials.

7. The flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of a single first thermally conductive pad is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness of a single second thermally conductive pad is 1.5 mm to 3 mm.

8. Modular thermoelectric collector, characterized by: It comprises a flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation group as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are connected in parallel.

9. The modular thermoelectric collector according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are distributed in an array, and adjacent flue gas waste heat thermoelectric power generation groups are arranged close to each other; a heat insulating gasket is provided on the side wall surface of the modular thermoelectric power generation collector.

10. The modular thermoelectric power generation collector according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a water pool, a pipeline connected between the water pool and the graphite cold plate radiator, and a circulating water pump arranged on the pipeline; in the modular thermoelectric power generation collector, the water inlet of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is respectively connected to the branches of the soft water main pipe; the water outlet of the graphite cold plate radiator of each thermoelectric power generation group is connected to another soft water pipeline and flows into the soft water pool.

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