Mining telescopic anchor rod and construction process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining telescopic anchor rod and a construction process thereof, the anchor rod comprises a hollow rod body and a hexagonal rod body, the hollow rod body is a cylindrical pipe, a slurry mixing pipe and the hexagonal rod body are arranged in the hollow rod body, one end of the hexagonal rod body is upset for limiting, and the other end of the hexagonal rod body is provided with a drill bit; the hollow rod body is connected with the hexagonal rod body through extrusion; and a self-locking mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the hollow rod body. The anchor rod is provided with the drill bit, and a drill rod can be replaced for drilling; the rod body can actively extend so as to meet the construction requirements of narrow roadways; and a slurry mixing pipe is integrated inside, so that the pumped grouting type anchor rod anchoring agent can be uniformly mixed. And after drilling is completed, a pouring type anchor rod anchoring agent is pumped immediately, anchoring is completed, rod replacement and rod connection are not needed in the whole process, and the construction time is saved. According to the anchor rod, drilling and pre-tightening are achieved through the forward and reverse rotation function of the onboard anchor rod drilling machine for the coal mine, extension of the rod body is achieved through the advancing and retreating function of the drilling machine, and dependence of the anchor rod on the equipment model is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel anchoring and supporting, and specifically relates to a mining telescopic anchor rod and a construction process thereof, which is helpful to realize mechanized construction in the field of anchoring and supporting. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel excavation footage in my country has exceeded 13,000 km / year, and the anchor support rate has reached more than 90%. With the use of a series of automated construction equipment such as anchor support drilling rigs and integrated digging and anchoring machines, the installation and construction of anchors has gradually changed from manual support to mechanized construction, and the industry has also derived automated construction products such as hollow grouting anchors. According to the survey, the automated anchor products on the market are all designed around large-section tunnels, and their tunnel design dimensions meet the anchor length support requirements. However, there are about 16,000 underground working faces being excavated nationwide, and only more than 1,000 intelligent mining working faces have been built. The excavation space of the remaining tunnels basically cannot meet the working requirements of the integrated digging and anchoring machine, especially in the support construction of the auxiliary anchors, which requires customized modification of the equipment or construction using connecting rods. There is currently no self-drilling anchor with an extension function on the market, which makes it impossible to achieve automated construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a telescopic anchor rod for mining and a construction process thereof.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a telescopic anchor rod for mining, including a hollow rod body and a hexagonal rod body, the hollow rod body is a cylindrical tube, a slurry mixing tube and a hexagonal rod body are arranged in the hollow rod body, one end of the hexagonal rod body is upset for limiting, and a drill bit is installed at the other end; the hollow rod body and the hexagonal rod body are connected by extrusion; a self-locking mechanism is arranged at the end of the hollow rod body.

[0005] Furthermore, a pressure ring is provided at the extrusion fitting position between the hollow rod body and the hexagonal rod body.

[0006] Furthermore, two pins are arranged at the upset end of the hexagonal rod body, and a spring is arranged between the two pins.

[0007] Furthermore, a limiting hole for accommodating two pins is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the hollow rod body.

[0008] Furthermore, a thread is processed on the exposed end of the hollow rod body, and the slurry mixing pipe is installed in the threaded inner hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-locking mechanism includes a limiting ring and a hexagonal nut.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting ring is welded on the hollow rod body.

[0011] Furthermore, the mixing tube is a cross-shaped mixing tube.

[0012] The present invention also provides a construction process of a telescopic anchor for mining, comprising the following steps:

[0013] 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, then place a pad in front of the support plate, and then push the drilling rig to press against the coal wall. At this time, deliver drilling cooling water, and the water flows through the slurry mixing pipe and flows into the inner hole of the hollow rod body and is delivered to the drill bit position;

[0014] 2) Drilling: Drive the anchor drill hydraulic motor to rotate forward, drive the hexagonal nut to retreat and press against the limit ring to form a self-locking, and drive the hollow rod body to rotate and drill;

[0015] 3) Rod extension: After the anchor bolt is drilled into place in the first stage, the drill is driven backward and high-pressure water is introduced. The hexagonal rod is pushed out by utilizing the obstruction of the residual rock and soil in the hole and the thrust of the water flow. After reaching the limit hole, the pin pops out, completing the rod extension, and the drill is continued to cut and drill;

[0016] 4) Ester injection: After the bolt is drilled into place in the second stage, the pumping system pumps the components A and B of the perfusion anchoring agent into the drill sleeve along the rotating shaft. After the perfusion anchoring agent is fully mixed through the slurry mixing pipe, it flows from the inner hole of the hollow bolt to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the ester injection is completed;

[0017] 5) Pre-tightening: After a period of solidification, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the hexagonal nut is forced to rotate along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0019] The anchor rod of the present invention has its own drill bit, which can replace the drill rod for drilling; the rod body can be actively extended to meet the construction needs of narrow tunnels; the internal integrated slurry mixing pipe can mix the pumped cast anchoring agent evenly. After drilling is completed, the cast anchoring agent is immediately pumped in and the anchoring is completed. There is no need to change or connect the rods during the whole process, which saves construction time. The anchor rod of the present invention uses the forward and reverse rotation function of the coal mine airborne anchor drilling rig to achieve drilling and pre-tightening, and uses the push and retreat function of the drilling rig to achieve rod body extension, reducing the anchor rod's dependence on the equipment model.

[0020] The specific advantages are as follows:

[0021] 1. The present invention limits the retreat of the hexagonal nut by welding a limit ring, thereby realizing the drilling drive of the drilling rig, and the limit ring can cooperate with the drill sleeve to form a better seal. Compared with other automation products, the use of sealing components and self-locking nuts can be reduced;

[0022] 2. The present invention uses a method of a large rod sleeved with a small rod. The hollow rod body is a cylindrical tube, and the anchoring section rod body is a regular hexagonal hollow rod. In the retracted state, the hexagonal rod body is sleeved inside the hollow rod body. One end of the hexagonal rod body is thickened, and a drill bit is installed at the other end. The structural feature of the anchoring section rod body being a hexagonal rod is used to achieve torque transmission of the drilling rig. By hiding the anchoring section rod body in the hollow rod body, the rod body length can be halved in the retracted state compared with the extended state.

[0023] 3. The present invention uses spinning to achieve a soft connection between the rod bodies, so that the rod bodies can slide relative to each other in the axial direction but cannot rotate relative to each other in the circumferential direction, and a pressure ring is added at the extrusion fit position to limit the hexagonal rod body from being pulled out of the hollow rod body, thereby achieving an equal strength design at the rod body splicing position;

[0024] 4. The present invention embeds an elastic pin at the end of the hexagonal rod body, and the pin pops out after the rod body is fully extended to fix the position of the hexagonal rod body after extension, ensuring that the rod body cannot automatically return to the hollow rod body after extension, and ensuring that the effective support length of the anchor rod meets the design requirements;

[0025] 5. The present invention can use a one-step construction process, and the supporting highly automated equipment can realize the automated installation of anchor rods, and the anchor rods have an elongation function, which solves the technical problem of automatic support construction in narrow spaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of components in the retracted state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the components in the extended state of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the flow channel of the drilling water supply and the injection type anchor bolt anchoring agent of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention, wherein: (1) forming self-locking; (2) disengaging self-locking;

[0032] The reference numerals in the figure include: a slurry mixing tube 1, a limiting ring 2, a hexagonal nut 3, a pad 4, a hollow rod body 5, a pressure ring 6, a hexagonal rod body 7, a drill bit 8, a spring 9, and a pin 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] A telescopic anchor for mining, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes: a mixing tube 1, a limiting ring 2, a hexagonal nut 3, a pad 4, a hollow rod 5, a pressure ring 6, a hexagonal rod 7, a drill bit 8, a spring 9, a pin 10, etc., wherein:

[0034] The hollow rod body 5 is made of seamless steel pipe, and the exposed end is processed with threads for pre-tightening. The threaded inner hole is installed with a "M-shaped" slurry mixing pipe 1 for mixing the anchoring agent. The remaining part is not processed, and the internal cavity is used to accommodate the hexagonal rod body 7 of the anchoring section; the anchoring section rod body is a hollow rod with an outer hexagon. One end of the rod body is upset for limiting, and the other end is installed with a drill bit 8 for drilling. The regular hexagonal shape structure is used to transmit torque, and the internal hole is used to supply water for slag removal. The hollow rod body 5 is connected to the hexagonal rod body 7 of the anchoring section by extrusion. A pressure ring 6 is added at the extrusion fit position to limit the hexagonal rod body 7 from being pulled out of the hollow rod body 5. During operation, the hexagonal rod body 7 is pushed or pulled out of the inner cavity of the hollow rod body 5 by the liquid, and then the pin 10 pops out and locks it to achieve the elongation of the rod body.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the parts in the retracted state of the present invention (the pad is not drawn), the mixing pipe 1 is stuck in the internal thread of the hollow rod body 5, the hexagonal rod body 7 is integrally built into the inner cavity of the hollow rod body, and the pin 10 is compressed at the end of the hexagonal rod body 7. At this time, only high-pressure water needs to be supplied or the hexagonal rod body 7 needs to be pulled outward to achieve extension;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the components in the extended state of the present invention (the pad is not drawn). When the end of the hexagonal rod body 7 moves to the position of the limit hole opened on the inner wall of the end of the hollow rod body, the pin 10 loses the limit and is ejected by the spring 9, and is stuck between the hollow rod body 5 and the hexagonal rod body 7, thereby limiting the retreat of the hexagonal rod body 7 during the subsequent drilling process.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the flow channel of the drilling water supply and the injection type anchor bolt anchoring agent of the present invention, the water supply flow or the pumping resin flows through the slurry mixing pipe 1, the inner cavity of the hollow rod body 5, the inner cavity of the hexagonal rod body 7 and the water outlet hole of the drill bit 8 in sequence to reach the rock surface;

[0038] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is as follows: the hydraulic motor of the anchor drilling rig is driven to rotate forward, the hexagonal nut 3 retreats and presses against the limit ring 2 (the rod body is processed with left-handed threads) to form a self-locking, and the hollow rod body 5 is driven to rotate and drill. Figure 5 (1) as shown; drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in reverse, at this time the hexagonal nut 3 is screwed in along the hollow rod body, disengaging from the self-locking of the limit ring 2, and realizing the pre-tightening function, such as Figure 5 As shown in (2).

[0039] The construction process of the anchor rod of the present invention is:

[0040] 1) Drilling preparation: The rod body is assembled except the pad when it leaves the factory. The anchor rod is placed in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, and the pad 4 is placed in front of the support plate. The drilling rig can be pushed against the coal wall. At this time, the drilling cooling water is delivered. The water flows through the slurry mixing pipe and flows into the rod body hole and is delivered to the drill bit position;

[0041] 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, drive the hexagonal nut 3 to retreat and press against the limit ring 2 (the exposed end of the rod body is processed with left-handed threads) to form a self-locking, and drive the hollow rod body 5 to rotate and drill;

[0042] 3) Rod elongation: In the first stage, the anchor bolt is drilled into place (the hexagonal nut 3 is close to the pad 4). At this time, the drill is driven backward and high-pressure water is introduced. The hexagonal rod 7 is pushed out by the obstruction of the residual rock and soil in the hole and the thrust of the water flow. After reaching the limit hole, the pin 10 pops out, completing the rod elongation, and the drill continues to cut and drill;

[0043] 4) Ester injection: After the anchor is drilled into place, the pumping system pumps the components A and B of the perfusion anchoring agent into the drill sleeve along the rotating shaft (at this time, the A and B liquids have not been mixed evenly). After the perfusion anchoring agent is fully mixed through the slurry mixing pipe 1 provided in the anchor, it flows from the inner hole of the hollow anchor to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the ester injection is completed;

[0044] 5) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the hexagonal nut 3 cannot drive the rod body to rotate and is forced to rotate along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function (there is no movable space between the nut and the rock wall. During the process of driving the nut to rotate, the rod body will be pulled outward to achieve pre-tightening).

Claims

1. A telescopic anchor for mining, characterized in that: It includes a hollow rod body and a hexagonal rod body. The hollow rod body is a cylindrical tube. A slurry mixing tube and a hexagonal rod body are arranged in the hollow rod body. One end of the hexagonal rod body is upset for limiting, and a drill bit is installed at the other end. The hollow rod body and the hexagonal rod body are connected by extrusion. A self-locking mechanism is arranged at the end of the hollow rod body.

2. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing ring is arranged at the extrusion fitting position between the hollow rod body and the hexagonal rod body.

3. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two column pins are arranged at the upset end of the hexagonal rod body, and a spring is arranged between the two column pins.

4. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the end of the hollow rod body is provided with a limiting hole for accommodating two column pins.

5. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exposed end of the hollow rod body is processed with threads, and the slurry mixing pipe is installed in the threaded inner hole.

6. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking mechanism comprises a limiting ring and a hexagonal nut.

7. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting ring is welded on the hollow rod body.

8. The telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tube is a cross-shaped mixing tube.

9. A construction process for a telescopic anchor for mining, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, then place a pad in front of the support plate, and then push the drilling rig to press against the coal wall. At this time, deliver drilling cooling water, and the water flows through the slurry mixing pipe and flows into the inner hole of the hollow rod body and is delivered to the drill bit position; 2) Drilling: Drive the anchor drill hydraulic motor to rotate forward, drive the hexagonal nut to retreat and press against the limit ring to form a self-locking, and drive the hollow rod body to rotate and drill; 3) Rod extension: After the anchor bolt is drilled into place in the first stage, the drill is driven backward and high-pressure water is introduced. The hexagonal rod is pushed out by utilizing the obstruction of the residual rock and soil in the hole and the thrust of the water flow. After reaching the limit hole, the pin pops out, completing the rod extension, and the drill is continued to cut and drill; 4) Ester injection: After the bolt is drilled into place in the second stage, the pumping system pumps the components A and B of the perfusion anchoring agent into the drill sleeve along the rotating shaft. After the perfusion anchoring agent is fully mixed through the slurry mixing pipe, it flows from the inner hole of the hollow bolt to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the ester injection is completed; 5) Pre-tightening: After a period of solidification, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the hexagonal nut is forced to rotate along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

10. The construction process of the telescopic anchor for mining according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the hexagonal nut is close to the pad, the first stage anchor is drilled into place.

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