Supplementary feeding method for improving mutton quality and prolonging shelf life

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a supplementary feeding method for improving mutton quality and prolonging shelf life, which comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing melatonin, rumen protective 5-hydroxytryptophan and 45-55g of concentrated feed, averagely dividing into two parts, feeding one part in the morning and one part in the evening, and then providing other basic ration after the mutton is completely eaten. By feeding melatonin and rumen protective 5-hydroxytryptophan in a supplementary manner, the drip loss and volatile basic nitrogen content of sheep muscles can be remarkably reduced, and the amino acid content in mutton is increased, so that the meat quality is improved, and the shelf life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry and breeding production, and specifically relates to a supplementary feeding method for improving mutton quality and extending the shelf life. Background Art

[0002] Mutton is highly favored by consumers for its high-quality protein, tender texture and delicious taste. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for mutton is gradually changing from quantity to quality. Consumers often associate the poor color of mutton with factors such as long storage time and increased microorganisms, which leads to a decrease in the market value of mutton. Therefore, it is very important to extend the shelf life of mutton and ensure the quality of mutton. Meat quality is largely related to the oxidation level of muscle, which is related to the content or activity of antioxidant substances in the body. After the animal is slaughtered, various oxidation reactions are still taking place in the muscle. The degree of muscle oxidation reaction after slaughter is closely related to meat color, water retention, shelf life, etc. Improving muscle antioxidant capacity is one of the important ways to improve meat quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a supplementary feeding method for improving mutton quality and extending the shelf life. Specifically, supplementary feeding of melatonin and rumen-pass 5-hydroxytryptophan can improve the quality of mutton and extend the shelf life, especially can reduce the drip loss of mutton, increase the amino acid content and extend the shelf life.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is a supplementary feeding method for improving the quality of mutton and extending the shelf life. The supplementary feeding method comprises first mixing melatonin and rumen-protective 5-hydroxytryptophan with 45-55g of concentrate and evenly dividing the mixture into two portions, feeding one portion each in the morning and evening, and then providing the remaining basic diet after the sheep have finished eating, wherein the supplementary feeding amount for each sheep is 2-6 mg / head of melatonin, 111-222 mg / head of rumen-protective 5-hydroxytryptophan, and 111-222 mg / head of rumen-protective 5-hydroxytryptophan. mg / (kg·BW); the basic diet comprises, by mass, 8.00-12.00 parts of cotton hulls, 28.00-32.00 parts of corn silage, 13.00-17.00 parts of tofu dregs, 20.00-24.00 parts of corn flakes, 2.00-3.00 parts of soybean meal, 6.00-8.50 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.00-2.60 parts of rapeseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of linseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of bran, 1.30-2.00 parts of lysine slag, 3.00-5.00 parts of corn, 0.20-0.30 parts of salt and 0.50-1.00 parts of premix.

[0005] Furthermore, the effective content of 5-hydroxytryptophan is 40.00-50.00%, and the rumen bypass rate is 85.00-90.00%.

[0006] Furthermore, in terms of mass proportions, the basic diet is preferably 9.00-11.00 parts of cotton hulls, and 29.00-11.00 parts of corn silage; 14.00-16.00 parts of tofu dregs, 21.00-23.00 parts of corn flakes, 2.50-2.90 parts of soybean meal, 7.00-8.00 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.20-2.40 parts of rapeseed meal, 1.50-1.90 parts of linseed meal, 1.50-1.90 parts of bran, 1.45-1.70 parts of lysine residue, 3.50-4.50 parts of corn, 0.22-0.26 parts of salt, and 0.70-0.90 parts of premix.

[0007] Furthermore, the sheep are Hu sheep rams.

[0008] Furthermore, the concentrate and basic diet material components are all commercially available. Beneficial Effects

[0009] The present invention provides a supplementary feeding method for improving mutton quality and extending shelf life, and specifically provides supplementary feeding amounts of supplementary feeding materials, wherein the supplementary feeding amounts are 2-6 mg / head of melatonin and 111-222 mg / (kg·BW) of rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan. The present invention can significantly reduce the drip loss and volatile basic nitrogen content of sheep muscle by supplementary feeding of melatonin and rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan, and increase the amino acid content in mutton, thereby improving the meat quality and extending the shelf life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Attached Figure 1 To investigate the effects of melatonin and rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan on the content of TVB-N in mutton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] Example 1: A supplementary feeding method for improving the quality of mutton and extending the shelf life, wherein the supplementary feeding comprises melatonin, rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan and a basic diet; the supplementary feeding amount of the present invention is 2-6 mg / head of melatonin, 111-222 mg / (kg·BW) of rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan, 40.00-50.00% of effective content of 5-hydroxytryptophan, and 85.00-90.00% of rumen-passing rate. First, melatonin and rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan are mixed with 45-55 g of concentrate and divided into two portions, one portion is fed in the morning and one portion is fed in the evening, and the rest of the basic diet is provided after the feeding is completed.

[0013] The basic diet of the present invention preferably includes a basic diet for sheep; the basic diet preferably includes the following components in parts by mass: 8.00-12.00 parts of cotton hulls, 28.00-32.00 parts of corn silage, 13.00-17.00 parts of bean curd dregs, 20.00-24.00 parts of corn flakes, 2.00-3.00 parts of soybean meal, 6.00-8.50 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.00-2.60 parts of rapeseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of linseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of bran, 1.30-2.00 parts of lysine slag, 3.00-5.00 parts of corn, 0.20-0.30 parts of salt and 0.50-1.00 parts of premix. The total mass of each component in the basic diet of the present invention preferably satisfies 100% of the total mass amount, that is, in terms of mass percentage, the basic diet preferably includes the following components in mass percentage: 8.00-12.00% cotton hulls, 28.00-32.00% corn silage, 13.00-17.00% tofu dregs, 20.00-24.00% corn flakes, 2.00-3.00 parts soybean meal, 6.00-8.50% cottonseed meal, 2.00-2.60% rapeseed meal, 1.30-2.10% linseed meal, 1.30-2.10% bran, 1.30-2.00% lysine residues, 3.00-5.00% corn, 0.20-0.30% salt and 0.50-1.00% premix.

[0014] In terms of mass, the basic diet of the present invention preferably includes 8.00 to 12.00 parts of cotton hulls, more preferably 9.00 to 11.00 parts; preferably includes 28.00 to 32.00 parts of corn silage, more preferably 29.00 to 11.00 parts; preferably includes 13.00 to 17.00 parts of tofu dregs, more preferably 14.00 to 16.00 parts; preferably includes 20.00 to 24.00 parts of corn flakes, more preferably 21.00 to 23.00 parts; preferably includes 2.00 to 3.00 parts of soybean meal, more preferably 2.50 to 2.90 parts; preferably includes 6.00 to 8.50 parts of cottonseed meal, more preferably 7.00 to 8.00 parts; preferably includes 10.00 to 11.00 parts of corn silage, more preferably 11.00 to 11.00 parts of corn silage, more preferably 12.00 to 13.00 parts of tofu dregs, more preferably 14.00 to 16.00 parts of corn flakes, more preferably 21.00 to 23.00 parts of corn flakes; preferably includes 2.00 to 3.00 parts of soybean meal, more preferably 2.50 to 2.90 parts of soybean meal; preferably includes 6.00 to 8.50 parts of cottonseed meal, more preferably 7.00 to 8.00 parts of cottonseed meal; preferably includes 15.00 to 16.00 parts of corn silage, more preferably 16.00 to 17.00 parts of tofu dregs, more preferably 16.00 to 17.00 parts of tofu dregs; preferably includes 18.00 to 19.00 parts It includes 2.00 to 2.60 parts of rapeseed meal, more preferably 2.20 to 2.40 parts; it preferably includes 1.30 to 2.10 parts of linseed meal, more preferably 1.50 to 1.90 parts; it preferably includes 1.30 to 2.10 parts of bran, more preferably 1.50 to 1.90 parts; it preferably includes 1.30 to 2.00 parts of lysine residue, more preferably 1.45 to 1.70 parts; it preferably includes 3.00 to 5.00 parts of corn, more preferably 3.50 to 4.50 parts; it preferably includes 0.20 to 0.30 parts of salt, more preferably 0.22 to 0.26 parts; it preferably includes 0.50 to 1.00 parts of premix, more preferably 0.70 to 0.90 parts.

[0015] The present invention provides a supplementary feeding method for improving the quality of mutton and extending the shelf life, thereby improving the quality of animal meat and extending the shelf life, including reducing the drip loss and volatile basic nitrogen content of animal muscle, and increasing the amino acid content of mutton. The animal described in the present invention preferably includes Hu sheep, and more preferably fattening Hu sheep. In the present invention, supplementary feeding of melatonin and rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan reduces the drip loss and volatile basic nitrogen content of mutton, and increases the amino acid content of mutton, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the quality of mutton, improving the umami taste of mutton and extending the shelf life.

[0016] In specific practice, 30 Hu sheep rams weighing about 30 kg and in good health were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with 10 rams in each group.

[0017] A control group, experimental group I and experimental group II were set up. All experimental sheep were fed a basal diet. On this basis, experimental group I was supplemented with rumen-protected 5-HTP 222 mg / (kg·BW), and experimental group II was supplemented with 4 mg / head MT. Other conditions were the same. The composition and nutrition of the basal diet are shown in Table 1.

[0018] The experimental animals were housed in individual pens and allowed free access to water. The experimental period was 37 days, including a pre-feeding period of 7 days and a formal period of 30 days.

[0019] Table 1 Basic diet composition and nutritional level (dry matter basis) Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet(DM basis)

[0020] Note: Premix provides VA 4200 IU, VB 1 0.4mg, VB 2 2mg, VB 6 1.2 mg, VC20 mg, VD 3 880 IU, VE 500 lU, pantothenic acid 10 mg, copper 25 mg, iron 107 mg, manganese 81 mg, zinc 74 mg, iodine 6 mg, selenium 14 mg, cobalt 3 mg, niacinamide 100 mg, choline chloride 120 mg.

[0021] At the beginning and end of the experiment, all experimental sheep were weighed on an empty stomach, and the initial and final body weights, feed amount and remaining feed amount were recorded. The average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain were calculated based on feed consumption, initial and final body weights, as shown in Table 2.

[0022]

[0023] Table 3 Effects of supplementing melatonin or rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan on feed intake and weight gain of sheep (n=10)

[0024] After the experiment, 6 Hu sheep were randomly selected from each treatment for slaughter, and the longissimus dorsi muscle was taken to test the meat quality (meat color, pH value, drip loss, cooking loss and shear force), amino acid content and shelf life (volatile basic nitrogen content). The test results are shown in Tables 3, 4 and Figure 1 shown.

[0025] Table 4 Effects of supplementing melatonin or rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan on the amino acid content of mutton (n=6)

[0026] As shown in Table 2, feeding the feed and feeding method of the present invention to Hu sheep during the fattening period had no significant effect on the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of the experimental group and the control group. As shown in Table 3, feeding the feed and feeding method of the present invention to Hu sheep during the fattening period significantly reduced the drip loss of mutton, and had no effect on the pH, shear force, cooking loss and meat color of the mutton. As shown in Table 4, feeding the feed and feeding method of the present invention to Hu sheep during the fattening period, the test group II significantly increased the amino acid content in the mutton and improved the umami taste of the mutton, and the test group I also significantly increased the amino acid content in the mutton and improved its umami taste. Figure 1 It can be seen that the shelf life of Hu sheep in groups I and II was extended by 21.6 h and 45.12 h respectively when fed with the feed and feeding method of the present invention during the fattening period compared with the control group.

Claims

1. A method for supplementing feeding to improve the quality of mutton and extend the shelf life, characterized in that: The supplementary feeding method is to first mix melatonin and rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan with 45-55g of concentrate and divide it into two portions, feed one portion in the morning and one portion in the evening, and then provide the rest of the basic diet after the sheep have finished eating. The supplementary feeding amount for each sheep is 2-6 mg of melatonin per sheep, 111-222 mg of rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan per sheep, and 100-250 mg of rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan per sheep. mg / (kg·BW); the basic diet comprises, by mass, 8.00-12.00 parts of cotton hulls, 28.00-32.00 parts of corn silage, 13.00-17.00 parts of tofu dregs, 20.00-24.00 parts of corn flakes, 2.00-3.00 parts of soybean meal, 6.00-8.50 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.00-2.60 parts of rapeseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of linseed meal, 1.30-2.10 parts of bran, 1.30-2.00 parts of lysine slag, 3.00-5.00 parts of corn, 0.20-0.30 parts of salt and 0.50-1.00 parts of premix.

2. The method for supplementary feeding for improving the quality of mutton and extending its shelf life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The effective content of 5-hydroxytryptophan is 40.00-50.00%, and the rumen bypass rate is 85.00-90.00%.

3. A method for supplementary feeding to improve the quality of mutton and extend the shelf life according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight, the basic diet is preferably 9.00-11.00 parts of cotton hulls, and 29.00-11.00 parts of corn silage; 14.00-16.00 parts of tofu dregs, 21.00-23.00 parts of corn flakes, 2.50-2.90 parts of soybean meal, 7.00-8.00 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.20-2.40 parts of rapeseed meal, 1.50-1.90 parts of linseed meal, 1.50-1.90 parts of bran, 1.45-1.70 parts of lysine residue, 3.50-4.50 parts of corn, 0.22-0.26 parts of salt, and 0.70-0.90 parts of premix.

4. A method for supplementary feeding to improve the quality of mutton and extend the shelf life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheep mentioned are Hu sheep rams.

5. The method for supplementary feeding for improving the quality of mutton and extending the shelf life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrate and basic diet material components are all commercially available.

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