Digital speckle preparation tool and method special for ship model deformation field measurement

Abstract

The invention relates to a special digital speckle preparation tool and method for measuring a deformation field of a ship model, and the tool comprises a housing, a first installation pedestal and a second installation pedestal which are vertically distributed at an interval in the housing, and a speckle preparation assembly, a primer preparation assembly, a pose sensing control assembly and a high-pressure gas supply assembly are installed in the housing. Power supply battery packs are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear part of the shell, a high-pressure air hose is connected to the tail part of the shell, and a top plate is arranged on the top surface of the shell; the speckle preparation work can be conveniently completed, the problems that existing speckle preparation tools and methods are low in preparation efficiency, poor in randomness of speckles, inconsistent in size, poor in applicability of large-scale complex structures, large in measurement noise and the like are effectively solved, and harmony and unification of speckle patterns between regular distribution and random characteristics are achieved. And the application of the DIC measurement technology in the field of high-precision deformation field measurement of the ship structure model is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship structure deformation measurement, and in particular to a digital speckle preparation tool and method specially used for ship model deformation field measurement. Background Art

[0002] Ship structures are usually composed of a variety of components, such as hull plates, frames, decks, bulkheads, longitudinals, longitudinal girders and beams, etc. These components are welded and combined in a specific way in space to form a complex hull geometry and stress conditions. In order to study the structural bearing capacity and failure mode of ships in complex marine environments, ship structure models designed and built according to certain reduction criteria are applied. Ship structure models have the characteristics of large main scale (length, width, height can reach tens of meters), thin plate thickness (2 mm to tens of mm), complex structure (variable shape, large change in outer plate curvature, crisscrossing internal components). In the strength test of ship structure models, traditional measurement technology relies on nonlinear finite element calculation to determine the large deformation area of ​​the structure, and then monitors the deformation of key parts through discrete point deformation measurement technology (such as resistive or laser displacement sensors, etc.) or surface meshing methods. These methods can only capture limited discrete deformation data and cannot fully record the continuous deformation field of the structure and its evolution process. In recent years, non-contact full-field deformation optical measurement technology based on the principle of digital image correlation (DIC) has been increasingly widely used in the field of structural deformation measurement because it can provide continuous data on the overall deformation of the structure. This method obtains the full-field deformation information of the structure through optical means, avoiding the limitations of contact measurement and providing a more comprehensive and efficient solution for the study and analysis of structural failure modes.

[0003] In DIC measurement technology, digital speckle, as a carrier of deformation field information of ship structure models, plays a vital role in digital image correlation analysis. High-quality speckle patterns can provide rich surface feature information and enhance the accuracy of image matching, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of full-field deformation measurement. Existing speckle field preparation technologies mainly include manual spray painting, spray gun spraying carbon powder, speckle brushes, and manual drawing with markers. These methods are difficult to ensure the consistency of the size of scattered spots, have low production efficiency, uncontrollable randomness, poor applicability to large-scale complex structures, and are accompanied by large measurement noise. These factors limit their application in deformation measurement of ship structure models. Therefore, it is urgent to develop more efficient, stable and controllable speckle field preparation tools and methods to meet the high-precision requirements of deformation field measurement of ship structure models. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a digital speckle preparation tool and method specifically used for deformation field measurement of ship models, thereby effectively solving the problems of low production efficiency, poor randomness and inconsistent size of speckle spots, poor applicability to large-scale complex structures and large measurement noise existing in the existing speckle preparation tools and methods, achieving a harmonious unity between the regular distribution and random characteristics of the speckle pattern, and promoting the application and development of DIC measurement technology in the field of high-precision deformation field measurement of ship structure models.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A digital speckle preparation tool specially used for measuring deformation field of ship model comprises a shell, wherein a first mounting base and a second mounting base are arranged inside the shell and are spaced apart from each other, a speckle preparation component, a primer preparation component, a posture sensor control component and a high-pressure air supply component are arranged inside the shell, power supply battery packs are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear part of the shell respectively, a high-pressure air hose is connected to the tail of the shell, and a top plate is arranged on the top surface of the shell.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0008] The shell adopts a box-type structure.

[0009] The outer shell includes a shell, a top plate is fixed to the top of the shell with screws, a mounting base 1 is welded to the inner wall of the shell, and a mounting base 2 is fixed to the shell with screws; an atomizing nozzle mounting hole and a speckle template assembly mounting hole are opened at the front end of the shell, a high-pressure air inlet hole is opened at the rear end of the shell, and a flange connector is installed on the outside of the shell, the flange connector is connected to the high-pressure air hose, and an operating handle is installed on the lower surface of the mounting base 1 and close to the rear end of the shell.

[0010] The first mounting base and the second mounting base are both in a cross-shaped structure.

[0011] The high-pressure air supply assembly includes a main valve block, which is installed in the middle of the mounting base 2. One end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe is connected to the high-pressure air inlet hole at the rear end of the shell, and the other end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe is connected to the main valve block. Pipe support frame 1 and pipe support frame 2 are fixed on the mounting base 2 to support and fix the high-pressure air rigid pipe.

[0012] The speckle preparation component includes a matte black paint tank and a pressure-stabilizing tank, which are installed at the front end of a mounting base, and are connected with a pressure-stabilizing air delivery hard pipe to ensure that the pressure in the matte black paint tank is constant during the entire working process of the preparation tool; the black paint hard pipe connects the main valve block and the matte black paint tank, and transmits the high-pressure air in the main valve block to the matte black paint tank; one end of the black paint nozzle is connected to the matte black paint tank, and the other end of the black paint nozzle is connected to the black paint inlet of the pressing block, and the black paint start-stop valve is connected in series to the black paint nozzle to control the spraying or stopping of the matte black paint; one end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe is connected to the main valve block, and the other end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe is connected to the high-pressure air inlet of the pressing block, and the high-pressure air in the main valve block is transmitted to the speckle template component to realize the spraying of scattered spots.

[0013] The transmission assembly includes a servo motor 1, which is installed on the left inner wall of the shell, one end of the transmission shaft 1 is connected to the servo motor 1, and the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 1 is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 2 to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 2 is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 3 to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 3 is meshed with the teeth of the speckle kit 1 to form a transmission gear pair, and a number of bearing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the shell to support the transmission shaft; the servo motor 2 is installed on the right inner wall of the shell, one end of the transmission shaft 6 is connected to the servo motor 2, and the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 6 is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 5 to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 5 is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 4 to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear of the transmission shaft 4 is meshed with the teeth of the speckle kit 2 to form a transmission gear pair, and a number of bearing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the shell to support the transmission shaft.

[0014] The speckle template assembly comprises a speckle kit 1, a retaining ring and a speckle kit 2. The component composition and installation connection sequence of the speckle kit 1 and the speckle kit 2 are completely consistent. One speckle kit comprises a speckle template slot, two nylon plane thrusts, two O-rings, a speckle template and a retaining ring. The speckle template is nested in the speckle template slot and is positioned and clamped by a retaining ring with threaded features. Two nylon plane thrust bearings are respectively interference-fitted in the end faces on both sides of the speckle template slot, and two O-rings are respectively installed in the sealing grooves on both sides of the speckle template slot. The speckle kit 1, the retaining ring, the speckle kit 2 and the clamping block are sequentially installed into the speckle template assembly mounting hole at the front end of the shell, and the clamping block is fixed to the inner wall of the front end of the shell with screws. At this time, the boss at the end of the clamping block will resist the speckle kit 2, giving the speckle template assembly a certain pre-tightening force to ensure that the black paint does not leak out during the whole process.

[0015] The posture sensing control component includes a laser displacement sensor, which is installed at the front end of the shell and is used to sense and obtain the distance L between the ship structure model and the speckle preparation tool. The posture sensor and the controller are arranged at the rear end of the mounting base. The posture sensor is used to sense and obtain the pitch angle α of the speckle preparation tool. The controller is used to control the actions of the main valve block, the black paint start-stop valve and the white paint start-stop valve. The display component is installed on the left side wall of the shell and is used to display the operating status and key parameter information of the preparation tool.

[0016] The primer preparation component includes a matte white paint can, which is installed at the front end of the mounting base. The matte white paint can and the pressure-stabilizing tank are connected by a pressure-stabilizing air transmission hard pipe to ensure that the pressure in the matte white paint can is constant during the entire working process of the preparation tool; the white paint extrusion hard pipe connects the main valve block and the matte white paint can to transport the high-pressure air in the main valve block to the matte white paint can, one end of the white paint spray pipe is connected to the matte white paint can, and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell, the white paint start-stop valve is connected in series to the white paint spray pipe, and is used to control the spraying or stopping of the matte white paint, one end of the white paint spraying high-pressure air pipe is connected to the main valve block, and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell, and the atomizing nozzle is installed in the atomizing nozzle mounting hole at the front end of the shell.

[0017] A method for preparing a digital speckle pattern tool specifically for measuring deformation field of a ship model comprises the following operation procedures:

[0018] S1: Select the area of ​​the ship structure model that needs to be speckled;

[0019] S2: Use a polisher or coarse sandpaper to polish the surface of the selected model area to remove rust, oxides, additional coatings and other debris on the surface of the measurement area, and wipe the polished surface clean with a rag;

[0020] S3: After assembling the digital speckle preparation tool, fill the matte white paint can with matte white paint, and fill the matte black paint can with matte black paint, ensure that the pressure in the pressure regulating tank is the system working pressure P, turn on the speckle preparation tool, and check whether it can work normally to ensure that the matte white paint and matte black paint can be sprayed normally;

[0021] S4: Select a small area in the area to be tested of the ship structure model, calibrate the working distance L1 and pitch angle α1 required for primer preparation, and achieve a thin and uniform matte white primer;

[0022] S5: input the working distance L1, the pitch angle α1 and the system working pressure P into the system through the display assembly, and start the primer preparation mode;

[0023] S6: inputting the working distance L2, the pitch angle α2 and the system working pressure P into the system through the display component, and starting the scattered speckle preparation mode;

[0024] S7: After the speckle preparation is completed, the atomizing nozzle and the speckle template assembly are cleaned and stored with acetone or anhydrous ethanol.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the cooperation between components and assemblies such as a high-pressure air supply component, a speckle preparation component, a transmission component, a speckle template component, a posture sensor control component, a primer preparation component, a power supply battery pack and a high-pressure air hose, the speckle preparation work can be conveniently completed, and the problems of low preparation efficiency, poor randomness and inconsistent sizes of speckle spots, poor applicability to large-scale complex structures and large measurement noise existing in existing speckle preparation tools and methods are effectively solved, and the harmonious unity between regular distribution and random characteristics of speckle patterns is achieved, and the application of DIC measurement technology in the field of high-precision deformation field measurement of ship structure models is promoted.

[0027] The digital speckle preparation tool of the present invention can strictly control the distance L1 between the ship structure model and the preparation tool and the pitch angle α1 of the preparation tool during the primer preparation process, and simultaneously spray the matte white paint at a constant pressure, thereby achieving uniform preparation of a matte white primer with uniform thickness and high bonding strength on the model.

[0028] The digital speckle preparation tool of the present invention can strictly control the distance L2 between the ship structure model and the preparation tool and the pitch angle α2 of the preparation tool during the speckle preparation process, and at the same time, the matte black paint is sprayed with a fixed droplet size and a constant pressure through the speckle template component, so that the size of the prepared speckle spots can be kept as consistent as possible, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and reducing the measurement noise.

[0029] The digital speckle preparation tool of the present invention has the characteristics of small size, compact structure and continuous and uninterrupted operation. Compared with the traditional speckle production method, it has better applicability and higher preparation efficiency for the characteristics of ship structure models (length, width and height can reach tens of meters, shape is varied, outer plate curvature varies greatly, internal components are crisscrossed, etc.), and in particular, it can realize the preparation of speckles in narrow spaces and welds inside ship structure models.

[0030] The digital speckle preparation tool of the present invention can customize the speckle template according to the measurement requirements; in the speckle preparation process, the controller sends a random rotation instruction to the servo motor 1 and the servo motor 2 of the transmission assembly, drives the transmission shaft of the transmission assembly to rotate randomly, and then drives the speckle kit 1 and the speckle kit 2 to rotate randomly, so that the cross-section of the speckle spots sprayed from the speckle template assembly at any time is not repeated, and the randomness of the prepared speckle spots is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shell of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the housing of the present invention from another viewing angle.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-pressure gas supply assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speckle preparation component of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the speckle preparation component of the present invention from another perspective.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speckle template assembly of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speckle kit of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the posture sensing control component of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the primer preparation assembly of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the speckle template of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the speckle template component and the transmission component of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0045] Fig.15This is an engineering practice case of the present invention.

[0046] Wherein: 100, housing; 200, high-pressure air supply assembly; 300, speckle preparation assembly; 400, transmission assembly; 500, speckle template assembly; 600, posture sensor control assembly; 700, primer preparation assembly; 800, power supply battery pack; 900, high-pressure air hose;

[0047] 101. top plate; 102. high-pressure air inlet hole; 103. mounting base 2; 104. mounting base 1; 105. operating handle; 106. mounting hole of speckle template assembly; 107. mounting hole of atomizing nozzle; 108. flange connector; 109. housing;

[0048] 201, main valve block; 202, pipeline support frame 1; 203, high-pressure air hard pipe; 204, pipeline support frame 2;

[0049] 301, compression block; 302, black painted high pressure gas pipe; 303, black painted start-stop valve; 304, black painted hard pipe; 305, matte black paint can; 306, pressure stabilizing tank; 307, black painted spray pipe; 308, pressure stabilizing gas transmission hard pipe 1;

[0050] 401, servo motor 1; 402, transmission shaft 1; 403, transmission shaft 2; 404, transmission shaft 3; 405, transmission shaft 4; 406, transmission shaft 5; 407, transmission shaft 6; 408, servo motor 2;

[0051] 501, speckle kit 1; 502, retaining ring; 503, speckle kit 2;

[0052] 501-1, speckle template slot; 501-2, speckle template; 501-3, retaining ring; 501-4, nylon plane thrust bearing; 501-5, O-ring;

[0053] 601, laser displacement sensor; 602, attitude sensor; 603, controller; 604, display assembly;

[0054] 701. Atomizing nozzle; 702. White paint start-stop valve; 703. White paint spray pipe; 704. White paint extrusion hard pipe; 705. Matt white paint can; 706. Pressure-stabilizing gas transmission hard pipe 2; 707. White paint spraying high-pressure air pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 15As shown, the digital speckle preparation tool dedicated to the deformation field measurement of the ship model of this embodiment comprises a housing 100, wherein a mounting base 104 and a mounting base 2 103 are arranged inside the housing 100 and are spaced apart from each other, a speckle preparation component 300, a primer preparation component 700, a posture sensing control component 600 and a high-pressure air supply component 200 are installed inside the housing 100, power supply battery packs 800 are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear part of the housing 100, a high-pressure air hose 900 is connected to the rear part of the housing 100, and a top plate 101 is provided on the top surface of the housing 100.

[0057] The housing 100 adopts a box-type structure.

[0058] The housing 100 includes a shell 109, a top plate 101 fixed to the top of the shell 109 by screws, a mounting base 104 is welded to the inner wall of the shell 109, and a mounting base 2 103 is fixed to the shell 109 by screws; an atomizing nozzle mounting hole 107 and a speckle template assembly mounting hole 106 are opened at the front end of the shell 109, a high-pressure air inlet hole 102 is opened at the rear end of the shell 109, and a flange connector 108 is installed on the outside of the shell 109, the flange connector 108 is connected to the high-pressure air hose 900, and an operating handle 105 is installed on the lower surface of the mounting base 104 and close to the rear end of the shell 109.

[0059] The first mounting base 104 and the second mounting base 103 are both cross-shaped structures.

[0060] The high-pressure air supply assembly 200 includes a main valve block 201, which is installed in the middle of the mounting base 103. One end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe 203 is connected to the high-pressure air inlet hole 102 at the rear end of the shell 109, and the other end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe 203 is connected to the main valve block 201. The pipeline support frame 1 202 and the pipeline support frame 2 204 are fixed on the mounting base 103 to support and fix the high-pressure air rigid pipe 203.

[0061] The speckle preparation assembly 300 includes a matte black paint tank 305 and a pressure-stabilizing tank 306. The matte black paint tank 305 and the pressure-stabilizing tank 306 are installed at the front end of the mounting base 104. The matte black paint tank 305 and the pressure-stabilizing tank 306 are connected by a pressure-stabilizing gas transmission hard pipe 308 to ensure that the pressure in the matte black paint tank 305 is constant during the whole working process of the preparation tool; the black paint hard pipe 304 connects the main valve block 201 and the matte black paint tank 305, and transmits the high-pressure air in the main valve block 201 to the matte black paint tank 305. One end of the black paint nozzle 307 is connected to the matte black paint tank 305, and the other end of the black paint nozzle 307 is connected to the black paint inlet of the pressing block 301. The black paint start-stop valve 303 is connected in series to the black paint nozzle 307 to control the spraying or stopping of the matte black paint; one end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe 302 is connected to the main valve block 201, and the other end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe 302 is connected to the high-pressure air inlet of the pressing block 301, and the high-pressure air in the main valve block 201 is transported to the speckle template assembly 500 to realize the spraying of scattered spots.

[0062] The transmission assembly 400 includes a servo motor 1 401, which is installed on the left inner wall of the housing 109. One end of a transmission shaft 1 402 is connected to the servo motor 1 401. The bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 1 402 meshes with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 2 403 to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 2 403 meshes with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 3 404 to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 3 404 meshes with the teeth of the speckle kit 1 501 to form a transmission gear pair. A plurality of bearing seats are arranged on the housing 1 09 inner wall, used for supporting the transmission shaft; servo motor 2 408 is installed on the right inner wall of shell 109, one end of transmission shaft 6 407 is connected to servo motor 2 408, and the bevel gear at the other end of transmission shaft 6 407 is meshed with the bevel gear of transmission shaft 5 406 to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear of transmission shaft 5 406 is meshed with the bevel gear of transmission shaft 4 405 to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear of transmission shaft 4 405 is meshed with the teeth of speckle kit 2 503 to form a transmission gear pair, and a number of bearing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the shell, used for supporting the transmission shaft.

[0063] The speckle template assembly 500 includes a speckle kit 1 501, a retaining ring 502 and a speckle kit 2 503. The component composition and installation connection sequence of the speckle kit 1 501 and the speckle kit 2 503 are completely consistent. A speckle kit includes a speckle template slot (501-1), two nylon plane thrusts (501-4), two O-rings (501-5), a speckle template (501-2) and a retaining ring (501-3). The speckle template (501-2) is nested in the speckle template slot (501-1) and is positioned and clamped by a retaining ring (501-3) with threaded features. Two nylon plane thrust bearings (501-4) are respectively interference fitted in the end faces on both sides of the speckle template slot (501-1), and two O-rings (501-5) are respectively installed in the sealing grooves on both sides of the speckle template slot (501-1); the speckle kit 1 501, the retaining ring 502, the speckle kit 2 503 and the clamping block 301 are sequentially installed into the speckle template assembly mounting hole 106 at the front end of the shell 109, and the clamping block 301 is fixed to the inner wall of the front end of the shell 109 with screws. At this time, the boss at the end of the clamping block 301 will press against the speckle kit 2 503, giving the speckle template assembly 500 a certain pre-tightening force to ensure that the black paint does not leak out during the whole process.

[0064] The posture sensing control component 600 includes a laser displacement sensor 601, which is installed at the front end of the housing 109 and is used to sense and obtain the distance L between the ship structure model and the speckle preparation tool. The posture sensor 602 and the controller 603 are arranged at the rear end of the mounting base 104. The posture sensor 602 is used to sense and obtain the pitch angle α of the speckle preparation tool. The controller 603 is used to control the actions of the main valve block 201, the black paint start-stop valve 303 and the white paint start-stop valve 702. The display component 604 is installed on the left side wall of the housing 109 and is used to display the operating status and key parameter information of the preparation tool.

[0065] The primer preparation assembly 700 includes a matte white paint tank 705, which is installed at the front end of the mounting base 104. The matte white paint tank 705 and the pressure regulating tank 306 are connected by a pressure regulating gas transmission hard pipe 2 706 to ensure that the pressure in the matte white paint tank 705 is constant during the whole working process of the preparation tool; the white paint extrusion hard pipe 704 connects the main valve block 201 and the matte white paint tank 705, and transmits the high-pressure air in the main valve block 201 to the matte white paint tank 70 5. One end of the white paint spray pipe 703 is connected to the matte white paint tank 704, and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell 109. The white paint start-stop valve 702 is connected in series to the white paint spray pipe 703 to control the spraying or stopping of the matte white paint. One end of the white paint spray high-pressure air pipe 707 is connected to the main valve block 201, and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell 109. The atomizing nozzle 701 is installed in the atomizing nozzle installation hole 107 at the front end of the shell 109.

[0066] The method of the digital speckle preparation tool for measuring the deformation field of a ship model according to claim 9 of this embodiment includes the following operation procedures:

[0067] S1: Select the area of ​​the ship structure model that needs to be speckled;

[0068] S2: Use a polisher or coarse sandpaper to polish the surface of the selected model area to remove rust, oxides, additional coatings and other debris on the surface of the measurement area, and wipe the polished surface clean with a rag;

[0069] S3: After assembling the digital speckle preparation tool, fill the matte white paint tank 705 with matte white paint, fill the matte black paint tank 305 with matte black paint, ensure that the pressure in the pressure regulating tank 306 is the system working pressure P, turn on the speckle preparation tool, check whether it can work normally, and ensure that the matte white paint and the matte black paint can be sprayed normally;

[0070] S4: Select a small area in the area to be tested of the ship structure model, calibrate the working distance L1 and pitch angle α1 required for primer preparation, and achieve a thin and uniform matte white primer;

[0071] S5: inputting the working distance L1, the pitch angle α1 and the system working pressure P into the system through the display assembly 604, and starting the primer preparation mode;

[0072] S6: inputting the working distance L2, the pitch angle α2 and the system working pressure P into the system through the display assembly 604, and starting the scattered speckle preparation mode;

[0073] S7: After the speckle preparation is completed, the atomizing nozzle 701 and the speckle template assembly 500 are cleaned and stored with acetone or anhydrous ethanol.

[0074] The main valve block 201 of the present invention divides high-pressure air into four parts, which are respectively used for spraying matte white paint, preparing primer, spraying matte black paint, and preparing scattered spots.

[0075] The transmission assembly 400 of the present invention is an important component of the speckle preparation assembly, and its components are installed on the inner wall of the shell to realize the rotational drive of the speckle template assembly 500.

[0076] The actual work process is completed through the following steps:

[0077] (I) Select the area of ​​the ship structure model that needs to be prepared for speckle; polish the surface of the selected model area with a polisher or coarse sandpaper to remove rust, oxides, additional coatings and other debris on the surface of the measurement area, and wipe the polished surface clean with a rag; if the model surface is very smooth, it is advisable to use sandpaper to polish the model surface to increase the adhesion of the white primer.

[0078] (ii) After assembling the digital speckle preparation tool, fill the matte white paint tank 705 with matte white paint, and fill the matte black paint tank 305 with matte black paint; ensure that the pressure in the pressure regulating tank 306 is the system working pressure P; turn on the speckle preparation tool to check whether it can work normally and ensure the normal spraying of the matte white paint and the matte black paint.

[0079] (III) A small area is selected in the area to be measured of the ship structure model, and the working distance L1 and pitch angle α1 required for primer preparation are calibrated to achieve a thin and uniform matte white primer; on this basis, the working distance L2 and pitch angle α2 required for scattered spot preparation are calibrated to achieve a scattered spot size of 3-5 pixels in the digital image of the DIC measurement system (the operator can prepare a small number of scattered spots, enlarge the image in the computer of the DIC measurement system, and estimate the number of pixels occupied by the scattered spots with the naked eye), and the scattered spot size is kept as consistent as possible.

[0080] (IV) Input the working distance L1, pitch angle α1 and system working pressure P into the system through the display component 604, and start the primer preparation mode. The speckle preparation tool is translated at a uniform speed until the selected area and structure to be tested are evenly covered with matte white primer. During the primer preparation process, if the distance between the speckle preparation tool and the model surface is less than (L1-100mm), the red circular light on the display component will flash; if the distance between the speckle preparation tool and the model surface is greater than (L1+100mm), the blue circular light on the display component 604 will flash; if the pitch angle of the speckle preparation tool is less than (α1-2°), the red square light on the display component 604 will flash; if the pitch angle of the speckle preparation tool is greater than (α1+2°), the blue square light on the display component 604 will flash; the operator needs to adjust the working distance and posture of the speckle preparation tool in time according to the above prompts.

[0081] (V) Input the working distance (L2), pitch angle (α2) and system working pressure P into the system through the display component 604, and start the speckle preparation mode; translate the speckle preparation tool at a uniform speed until the selected area and structure to be measured are evenly covered by black speckles. During the speckle preparation process, if the distance between the speckle preparation tool and the model surface is less than (L1-50mm), the red circular light on the display component 604 will flash; if the distance between the speckle preparation tool and the model surface is greater than (L1+50mm), the blue circular light on the display component 604 will flash; if the pitch angle of the speckle preparation tool is less than (α1-1°), the red square light on the display component 604 will flash; if the pitch angle of the speckle preparation tool is greater than (α1+1°), the blue square light on the display component 604 will flash; the operator needs to adjust the working distance and posture of the speckle preparation tool in time according to the above prompts. When the ratio of the area occupied by the speckle in the test area to the total area of ​​the digital speckle image is 50%, the digital speckle preparation is completed, and the operator can check the speckle quality through the speckle quality evaluation tool of the DIC measurement system.

[0082] (VI) After the speckle preparation is completed, the atomizing nozzle 701 and the speckle template assembly 500 are cleaned with acetone or anhydrous ethanol and stored.

[0083] In this embodiment, during the primer preparation process, the digital speckle preparation tool can strictly control the distance (L1) between the ship structure model and the preparation tool and the pitch angle (α1) of the preparation tool, and at the same time spray the matte white paint at a constant pressure, thereby achieving uniform preparation of matte white primer with uniform thickness and high bonding strength on the model.

[0084] In this embodiment, during the speckle pattern preparation process, the digital speckle pattern preparation tool can strictly control the distance (L2) between the ship structure model and the preparation tool and the pitch angle (α2) of the preparation tool. At the same time, the matte black paint is sprayed out with a fixed droplet size and constant pressure through the speckle pattern template assembly, so that the size of the prepared speckle patterns can be kept as consistent as possible, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and reducing the measurement noise.

[0085] In this embodiment, the digital speckle preparation tool has the characteristics of small size, compact structure and continuous and uninterrupted operation. Compared with the traditional speckle production method, it has better applicability and higher preparation efficiency for the characteristics of ship structure models (length, width, height can reach tens of meters, variable shape, large change in outer plate curvature, criss-crossing internal components, etc.), especially it can realize the preparation of speckle in the narrow space and welds inside the ship structure model.

[0086] In this embodiment, the digital speckle preparation tool can customize the speckle template 501-2 according to the measurement requirements; in the speckle preparation process, the controller 603 sends a random rotation instruction to the servo motor 1 401 and the servo motor 2 408 of the transmission assembly 400, driving the transmission shaft of the transmission assembly 400 to rotate randomly, thereby driving the speckle kit 1 501 and the speckle kit 2 503 to rotate randomly, so as to achieve non-repetition of the cross-section of the speckle spots ejected from the speckle template assembly 500 at any time, thereby ensuring the randomness of the prepared speckle spots.

[0087] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital speckle preparation tool specially used for measuring deformation field of ship models, characterized by: The invention comprises a housing (100), wherein a first mounting base (104) and a second mounting base (103) are arranged inside the housing (100) and are spaced apart from each other. A speckle preparation component (300), a primer preparation component (700), a posture sensing control component (600) and a high-pressure air supply component (200) are installed inside the housing (100), power supply battery packs (800) are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear of the housing (100), a high-pressure air hose (900) is connected to the rear of the housing (100), and a top plate (101) is arranged on the top surface of the housing (100).

2. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) adopts a box-type structure.

3. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) comprises a shell (109), a top plate (101) is fixed to the top of the shell (109) by screws, a mounting base 1 (104) is welded to the inner wall of the shell (109), and a mounting base 2 (103) is fixed to the shell (109) by screws; an atomizing nozzle mounting hole (107) and a speckle template assembly mounting hole (106) are opened at the front end of the shell (109), a high-pressure air inlet hole (102) is opened at the rear end of the shell (109), and a flange connector (108) is installed outside the shell (109), the flange connector (108) is connected to a high-pressure air hose (900), and an operating handle (105) is installed on the lower surface of the mounting base 1 (104) and close to the rear end of the shell (109).

4. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first mounting base (104) and the second mounting base (103) are both cross-shaped structures.

5. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure air supply assembly (200) comprises a main valve block (201), which is installed in the middle of the second mounting base (103), one end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe (203) is connected to the high-pressure air inlet hole (102) at the rear end of the shell (109), and the other end of the high-pressure air rigid pipe (203) is connected to the main valve block (201), and the first pipe support frame (202) and the second pipe support frame (204) are fixed on the second mounting base (103) to support and fix the high-pressure air rigid pipe (203).

6. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The speckle preparation assembly (300) comprises a matte black paint tank (305) and a pressure stabilizing tank (306). The matte black paint tank (305) and the pressure stabilizing tank (306) are installed at the front end of the installation base (104). The matte black paint tank (305) and the pressure stabilizing tank (306) are connected by a pressure stabilizing gas transmission hard pipe (308) to ensure that the pressure in the matte black paint tank (305) is constant during the whole working process of the preparation tool. The matte black paint hard pipe (304) connects the main valve block (201) and the matte black paint tank (305), and transmits the high-pressure air in the main valve block (201) to the matte black paint tank (305). 5); one end of the black paint spray pipe (307) is connected to the matte black paint tank (305), the other end of the black paint spray pipe (307) is connected to the black paint inlet of the pressing block (301), and the black paint start-stop valve (303) is connected in series to the black paint spray pipe (307) to control the spraying or stopping of the matte black paint; one end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe (302) is connected to the main valve block (201), and the other end of the black paint spraying high-pressure air pipe (302) is connected to the high-pressure air inlet of the pressing block (301), and the high-pressure air in the main valve block (201) is transported to the speckle template assembly (500) to realize the spraying of scattered spots.

7. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (400) includes a servo motor 1 (401), which is installed on the left inner wall of the housing (109). One end of a transmission shaft 1 (402) is connected to the servo motor 1 (401). The bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 1 (402) meshes with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 2 (403) to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 2 (403) meshes with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft 3 (404) to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear at the other end of the transmission shaft 3 (404) meshes with the teeth of the speckle kit 1 (501) to form a transmission gear pair. A plurality of bearing seats are arranged on the housing. The housing (109) is provided with a servo motor (408) mounted on the inner wall of the housing (109) to support the transmission shaft; a servo motor (408) is mounted on the right inner wall of the housing (109); one end of a transmission shaft (407) is connected to the servo motor (408); the bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft (407) is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft (406) to form a transmission gear pair; the bevel gear of the transmission shaft (406) is meshed with the bevel gear of the transmission shaft (405) to form a transmission gear pair; the cylindrical gear of the transmission shaft (405) is meshed with the teeth of the speckle kit (503) to form a transmission gear pair; a plurality of bearing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the housing to support the transmission shaft.

8. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The speckle template assembly (500) comprises a speckle kit 1 (501), a retaining ring (502) and a speckle kit 2 (503). The component composition and installation connection sequence of the speckle kit 1 (501) and the speckle kit 2 (503) are completely consistent. A speckle kit comprises a speckle template slot (501-1), two nylon plane thrusts (501-4), two O-rings (501-5), a speckle template (501-2) and a retaining ring (501-3) for assembly. The speckle template (501-2) is nested in the speckle template slot (501-1) and is positioned and clamped by a retaining ring (501-3) with threaded features. Two nylon plane thrust bearings (501 -4) are respectively interference-fitted in the end faces on both sides of the speckle template slot (501-1), and two O-rings (501-5) are respectively installed in the sealing grooves on both sides of the speckle template slot (501-1); the speckle kit 1 (501), the retaining ring (502), the speckle kit 2 (503) and the pressing block (301) are sequentially installed into the speckle template assembly mounting hole (106) at the front end of the shell (109), and the pressing block (301) is fixed to the inner wall of the front end of the shell (109) with screws. At this time, the boss at the end of the pressing block (301) will press against the speckle kit 2 (503), giving the speckle template assembly (500) a certain pre-tightening force to ensure that the black paint does not leak out during the whole process.

9. The digital speckle preparation tool for ship model deformation field measurement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The posture sensing control component (600) comprises a laser displacement sensor (601), which is installed at the front end of the housing (109) and is used to sense and obtain the distance (L) between the ship structure model and the speckle preparation tool. The posture sensor (602) and the controller (603) are arranged at the rear end of the mounting base (104). The posture sensor (602) is used to sense and obtain the pitch angle (α) of the speckle preparation tool. The controller (603) is used to control the actions of the main valve block (201), the black paint start-stop valve (303) and the white paint start-stop valve (702). The display component (604) is installed on the left side wall of the housing (109) and is used to display the operating status and key parameter information of the preparation tool. The primer preparation assembly (700) includes a matte white paint tank (705), which is installed at the front end of the mounting base (104). The matte white paint tank (705) and the pressure regulating tank (306) are connected by a pressure regulating gas transmission hard pipe (706) to ensure that the pressure in the matte white paint tank (705) is constant during the whole working process of the preparation tool; the white paint extrusion hard pipe (704) connects the main valve block (201) and the matte white paint tank (705), and transmits the high-pressure air in the main valve block (201) to the matte white paint tank (705). 05), one end of the white paint spray pipe (703) is connected to the matte white paint tank (704), and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell (109), the white paint start-stop valve (702) is connected in series to the white paint spray pipe (703) to control the spraying or stopping of the matte white paint, one end of the white paint spraying high-pressure air pipe (707) is connected to the main valve block (201), and the other end is connected to the primer inlet on the front inner wall of the shell (109), and the atomizing nozzle (701) is installed in the atomizing nozzle installation hole (107) at the front end of the shell (109).

10. A method for preparing a digital speckle pattern tool specifically for measuring deformation field of a ship model as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The following operation procedures are included: S1: Select the area of ​​the ship structure model that needs to be speckled; S2: Use a polisher or coarse sandpaper to polish the surface of the selected model area to remove rust, oxides, additional coatings and other debris on the surface of the measurement area, and wipe the polished surface clean with a rag; S3: After assembling the digital speckle preparation tool, fill the matte white paint tank (705) with matte white paint, and fill the matte black paint tank (305) with matte black paint, ensure that the pressure in the pressure regulating tank (306) is the system working pressure P, turn on the speckle preparation tool, and check whether it can work normally to ensure that the matte white paint and the matte black paint are sprayed normally; S4: Select a small area in the area to be tested of the ship structure model, calibrate the working distance (L1) and pitch angle (α1) required for primer preparation, and achieve a thin and uniform matte white primer; S5: inputting the working distance (L1), the pitch angle (α1) and the system working pressure P into the system through the display assembly (604) to start the primer preparation mode; S6: inputting the working distance (L2), the pitch angle (α2) and the system working pressure P into the system through the display component (604), and starting the scattered speckle preparation mode; S7: After the speckle preparation is completed, the atomizing nozzle (701) and the speckle template assembly (500) are cleaned and stored with acetone or anhydrous ethanol.

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