Arc heater arc ignition wire mounting device and arc heating equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an arc heater arc ignition wire mounting device and arc heating equipment, and belongs to the technical field of aerodynamic heat ground simulation tests of aerospace crafts. The installation device comprises an adapter nozzle, a ball head, a ball head nut, a connecting piece, an adjusting piece, a piston, a pressing nut clamping head and a clamping nut which are coaxially installed in sequence, and further comprises an arc striking wire, the arc striking wire penetrates through the whole arc striking wire installation device, and the arc striking wire installation device is connected with the outer surface of an installation flange of the arc heating equipment through the adapter nozzle. The device solves the problems that an existing arc striking wire installation process is complex, consumed time is long and the like, has the advantages of being convenient to operate and install, high in arc striking success rate, good in flow field purity and the like, and improves test quality and efficiency. In addition, an original arc striking wire internal installation mode is changed into an external installation mode, the tedious installation process is omitted, manual labor is reduced, and flow field pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to arc-starting installation of an arc heater, in particular to an arc-starting wire installation device of an arc heater and arc heating equipment, belonging to the technical field of aerodynamic thermal ground simulation test of aerospace vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The main task of the arc heating test facility is to simulate the corresponding aerodynamic heating environment on the ground according to the needs of thermal protection research on different aircraft, and to evaluate or verify the protective materials and thermal structures.

[0003] my country's aircraft thermal protection aerodynamic heating test equipment mainly uses arc heaters to provide high-temperature gas. Figure 1 As shown, under normal pressure, before establishing a complete arc, an arc needs to be struck. An arc-strike wire is installed between the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode to make the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode conductive. The arc-strike wire is ignited and arc-strike is completed through a high-voltage power supply. The gas entering the arc heater is ionized to form a plasma arc containing high temperature and high pressure, thus forming a complete arc. The existing arc-strike wire installation method is to turn on the arc heater before each test, install and fix an arc-strike wire of appropriate length on the anode end surface of the arc heater, one person pushes the arc heater anode until the arc-strike wire is against the arc heater cathode, and another person tightens the arc heater. It should be noted that: the arc-strike wire that is too long or too short will affect the conduction of the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode, and then determine the success of the arc-strike. The length of the arc-strike wire that is ignited each time is about one-third of the installed arc-strike wire, and the remaining part is either left inside the arc heater or blown out of the flow field with the airflow. Before the next test, open the arc heater, clean the remaining part of the arc-starting wire after the explosion and the excess debris such as the plasticine that fixes the arc-starting wire, and then install the arc-starting wire for the next test. The entire installation process requires two people to ensure that the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode are coaxially tightened. The explosion-ignited arc-starting wire will leave welding points on the end surfaces of the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode. When installing the arc-starting wire again, the length of the arc-starting wire needs to be adjusted appropriately; when the test state of the air intake flow is large, the arc-starting wire is easily blown away by the introduced gas, resulting in unsuccessful arcing, and the arc-starting wire needs to be reinstalled. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide an arc heater arc starting wire installation device, which solves the problems of complicated and time-consuming installation process of the existing arc starting wire, and has the advantages of easy operation, convenient installation, high arc starting success rate, good flow field purity, etc., thereby improving the test quality and efficiency.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an arc heating device comprising the arc-starting wire installation device.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An arc-starting wire installation device for an arc heater comprises an adapter nozzle, a ball head, a ball head nut, a connecting piece, an adjusting piece, a piston, a pressing nut, a clamping head and a clamping nut which are coaxially installed in sequence, and also comprises an arc-starting wire, which enters from one end of the adapter nozzle or the clamping nut and exits from one end of the clamping nut or the adapter nozzle, passing through the entire arc-starting wire installation device. The arc-starting wire installation device is connected to the outer surface of the mounting flange of the arc heating equipment through the adapter nozzle, and the arc-starting wire passes through the mounting flange and contacts the anode of the arc heater of the arc heating equipment.

[0008] The arc heater arc-starting wire installation device further comprises a sealing gasket, which is arranged between the adjusting member and the piston, with one end of the sealing gasket abutting against the groove of the piston and the other end extending into the groove of the adjusting member.

[0009] In the above arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, the cross-section of the sealing gasket along the axial direction is a combination of a rectangle and a trapezoid, the inner hole diameter of the sealing gasket is ±10% of the arc-starting wire diameter, and the material is polyurethane.

[0010] The arc heater arc wire installation device further comprises a sealing ring, which serves as a lateral sealing member and surrounds the outer surface of the piston.

[0011] In the above-mentioned arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, a tapered hole is provided on one end face of the adapter nozzle, which is connected to one end of the ball head, the ball head nut is flexibly connected to the ball head, and the other end of the ball head is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

[0012] In the above-mentioned arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, the connecting piece is a hollow cavity structure with one end open and the other end having an external hexagonal shape. The adjusting piece, sealing gasket and piston are installed in the hollow cavity structure in sequence, and the clamping nut is connected to the connecting piece by threaded matching.

[0013] In the above-mentioned arc heater strike wire installation device, the depth of the hollow cavity structure in the connecting piece is 5 to 8 mm less than the sum of the lengths of the adjusting piece, the sealing gasket and the piston.

[0014] In the above-mentioned arc heater starting wire installation device, the piston is made of nitrile rubber.

[0015] In the above-mentioned arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, the circumferential surface of one side of the clamping nut is an external thread and has a conical inner cavity, which is threadedly connected to the clamping nut, and the other side has an external hexagonal shape and has an internal thread, which is threadedly connected to the connecting piece, and the material is brass.

[0016] In the above-mentioned arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, the clamping head is provided with a clamping groove and both ends are cone heads, the clamping range is 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and the material is spring steel.

[0017] In the above-mentioned arc heater strike wire installation device, the roughness of the strike wire is no more than Ra3.2, the length passing through the clamping nut is 5 to 8 times the deflagration length, and the material is stainless spring steel wire.

[0018] An arc heating device comprises the above-mentioned arc-starting wire installation device, an arc heater anode, a mounting flange, an arc heater cathode and an electrode connector, wherein the mounting flange is connected to the end face of one side of the electrode connector, the arc heater cathode passes through the through hole inside the mounting flange and is fixedly connected to one side of the electrode connector, the arc heater anode is fixedly connected to the other side of the electrode connector, and the arc-starting wire of the arc-starting wire installation device passes through the mounting flange and the electrode connector in sequence to contact the arc heater anode.

[0019] In the above arc heating device, threaded holes are provided on both sides of the electrode connector, and the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode are fastened to the electrode connector by screwing.

[0020] In the above-mentioned arc heating equipment, a plurality of circumferentially arranged grooves are provided on the end face of the arc heater anode, and the arc-starting wire passes through the mounting flange and the electrode connector in sequence, extends into one of the grooves on the end face of the arc heater anode and contacts with the bottom of the groove; the arc heater anode and the arc heater cathode are coaxially installed, and the angle between the arc-starting wire and the axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0021] In the above-mentioned electric arc heating device, a plurality of oblique through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the mounting flange, and the arc-starting wire passes through one of the through holes.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The arc heater arc-starting wire installation device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is different from the existing arc-starting wire installation method. The arc-starting wire installation method is optimized from internal installation to external installation, and the arc-starting wire is preferably clamped to achieve the effect of continuous use of one arc-starting wire for multiple times. At the same time, it also reduces the residual impurities after the arc-starting wire deflagration, and improves the arc flow field quality. The device only requires one person to complete the installation of the arc-starting wire, and the arc-starting wire can be installed without opening the arc heater. The operation is simple, and the test efficiency is improved. Under special large flow test conditions, the arc-starting wire can also successfully complete the arc-starting operation.

[0024] (2) The embodiment of the present invention changes the original internal installation method of the arc-starting wire to external installation, thereby eliminating the cumbersome installation process, reducing manual labor, and eliminating the need to use plasticine to fix the arc-starting wire on the anode end surface of the arc heater, thereby reducing flow field pollution.

[0025] (3) The embodiment of the present invention can achieve the effect of continuously feeding an arc-starting wire by clamping the arc-starting wire, without the need to accurately control the length of the arc-starting wire before each test. Not only can the arc-starting operation be completed smoothly, but also the arc-starting success rate can be improved under high-flow test conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of arc-starting wire installation in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the arc-starting wire in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an arc heater arc-starting wire installation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A front view of a clamping head in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] 1-arc heater anode; 2-mounting flange; 3-arc heater cathode; 4-arc-starting wire mounting device; 5-electrode connector; 401-adapter nozzle; 402-ball head; 403-ball head nut; 404-connector; 405-adjusting piece; 406-sealing gasket; 407-clamping nut; 408-clamping head; 409-pressing nut; 410-sealing ring; 411-piston; 412-arc-starting wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the arc heating device of the present invention comprises an arc heater anode 1, a mounting flange 2, an arc heater cathode 3, an arc-starting wire installation device 4 and an electrode connector 5. The arc-starting wire installation device 4 comprises a switching nozzle 401, a ball head 402, a ball head nut 403, a connector 404, an adjusting member 405, a sealing gasket 406, a clamping nut 407, a clamping head 408, a clamping nut 409, a sealing ring 410, a piston 411 and an arc-starting wire 412, which is formed by a switching nozzle 401-ball head 402-ball head nut 403-connector 404-adjusting member 405-sealing gasket 406-piston 411-clamping nut Cap 409, clamping head 408 and clamping nut 407 are coaxially installed in sequence from one end to the other end, and sealing ring 410 is installed around the outer surface of piston 411 as a lateral seal. Arc-starting wire 412 enters from one end of adapter nozzle 401 or clamping nut 407, and exits from one end of clamping nut 407 or adapter nozzle 401, passing through the entire arc-starting wire installation device 4. Arc-starting wire installation device 4 is externally placed on the circumferential surface of mounting flange 2 through adapter nozzle 401.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, threaded holes are provided on both sides of the electrode connector 5, the mounting flange 2 is connected to the end face of one side of the electrode connector 5, the arc heater cathode 3 passes through the through hole inside the mounting flange 2 and is screwed and fixed to one side of the electrode connector 5 by threads, the arc heater anode 1 is screwed and fixed to the other side of the electrode connector 5 by threads, and the end face of the arc heater anode 1 is provided with a plurality of annularly arranged grooves, the arc-starting wire 412 passes through the mounting flange 2 and the electrode connector 5 in sequence, extends into one of the grooves on the end face of the arc heater anode 1 and contacts the bottom of the groove, wherein the arc heater anode 1 is coaxially mounted with the arc heater cathode 3, and the arc-starting wire 412 forms a certain angle with the axis, which is greater than 0° and less than 90°. The annular groove design on the end face of the arc heater anode 1 allows the arc-starting wire 412 to contact different positions on the end face of the arc heater anode 1 as needed.

[0034] The outer surface of the mounting flange 2 is evenly distributed with a number of oblique elliptical through holes in the circumferential direction, and the arc-starting wire 412 passes through one of the through holes, providing an introduction channel for the arc-starting wire 412 to directly reach the end face of the arc heater anode 1. The adapter nozzle 401 is welded on the mounting flange 2, and the entire device forms an equipotential with the arc heater cathode 3.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a conical hole is provided on one end face of the adapter nozzle 401 of the arc heater arc-starting wire installation device, which is connected to one end of the ball head 402, the ball head nut 403 is flexibly connected to the ball head 402, and the other end of the ball head 402 is coaxially welded and fixed to the connecting piece 404. The ball head 402 and the adapter nozzle 401 form a conical seal, and the entire device is threadedly connected to the adapter nozzle 401 through the ball head nut 403, and can be flexibly installed.

[0036] The connector 404 is a hollow cavity structure with one end open and the other end in an external hexagonal shape. The adjusting member 405, the sealing gasket 406 and the piston 411 are sequentially installed in the hollow cavity structure. The compression nut 409 is connected to the connector 404 by threaded fitting, and a 2-4 mm fitting clearance is reserved. In an optional embodiment, the depth of the hollow cavity structure of the connector 404 is less than 5-8 mm, which is the sum of the lengths of the adjusting member 405, the sealing gasket 406 and the piston 411.

[0037] A positioning groove is provided on one side of the piston 411, and an O-ring 410 is installed on the side, and its material is preferably nitrile rubber.

[0038] The sealing gasket 406 is arranged between the adjusting member 405 and the piston 411, with one end abutting against the groove of the piston 411 and the other end penetrating into the groove of the adjusting member 405. In an optional embodiment, the cross section of the sealing gasket 406 along the axial direction is a combination of a rectangle and a trapezoid, and the depth of the inner groove of the adjusting member 405 is preferably greater than 30% of the height of the trapezoidal end of the sealing gasket 406; the inner hole diameter of the sealing gasket 406 is ±10% of the diameter of the arc-starting wire 412, and the sealing gasket 406 has good compressibility and elasticity, and is temperature-resistant above 80°C, and the material is preferably polyurethane. In this embodiment, a conical hole is provided inside the adjusting member 405 to cooperate with the sealing gasket 406, and the sealing gasket 406 is bullet-shaped in shape. When the sealing gasket 406 is squeezed, the cone head of the sealing gasket 406 will gradually shrink toward the surface of the arc-starting wire 412 after being stressed, and the gas passing through the surface of the arc-starting wire 412 is sealed by the sealing gasket 406.

[0039] The circumferential surface of the clamping nut 409 on one side is externally threaded and provided with a conical inner cavity, which is threadedly connected to the clamping nut 407, and the outer shape of the other side is externally hexagonal and provided with an internal thread, which is threadedly connected to the connector 404. The material of the clamping nut 409 is preferably brass, which is different from the material of the connector 404 and the clamping nut 407, to avoid mechanical locking with the connector 404 and the clamping nut 407 during frequent disassembly.

[0040] The clamping head 408 is provided with a slot and both ends are cone heads, the clamping range is 0.8-1.5 mm, and arc-starting wires 412 of different diameters can be selected according to the test state of different flow rates. The cone head staggeredly cuts the strip holes but does not reach the bottom surface, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cone head has a plurality of slots, and the directions of adjacent slots are different (ie the first slot is from top to bottom, and the second slot is from bottom to top), but none of them runs through the entire cone head to maintain structural strength and basic clamping performance. The material is preferably spring steel.

[0041] The arc-starting wire 412 has a smooth surface, a roughness of no more than Ra3.2, and a length extending out of the clamping nut 407 that is 5-8 times the length of the deflagration, which is more conducive to the sealing gasket 406 sealing the airflow; stainless steel spring wire is preferred.

[0042] The entire arc heating device of the present invention is welded to the mounting flange through an adapter nozzle and is integrally installed on the cathode of the arc heater. Before the test, the arc-starting wire runs through the entire device, one end passes through the clamping nut, and the other end presses against the anode end face of the arc heater. At this time, the anode of the arc heater and the cathode of the arc heater are conductive, and the clamping nut is tightened to the bottom of the thread. The piston squeezes the sealing gasket under the action of the clamping nut, and the sealing gasket is deformed and shrinks toward the surface of the arc-starting wire to form a seal. The clamping nut is tightened, and the clamping head clamps the arc-starting wire. During the test, the high-voltage power supply causes the arc-starting wire to explode to complete the arc-starting step, and the gas entering the arc heater is ionized to form a plasma arc containing high temperature and high pressure, forming a complete arc. Before the next test, first loosen the clamping nut, then loosen the clamping nut, move the remaining arc-starting wire toward the anode direction of the arc heater until it presses against the anode end face of the arc heater, and repeat the last arc-starting wire installation step. This process is repeated until the remaining arc-starting wire is about to be submerged in the clamping nut, and the remaining length is insufficient for the next arc-starting test, and a new arc-starting wire can be replaced. The present invention can realize the external installation of the arc-starting wire, and the "continuous" use of the arc-starting wire can be realized through one arc-starting wire, which is simple to operate, has a high arc-starting success rate, and improves the test quality and efficiency.

[0043] The invention can be applied to the installation of arc-starting wires of arc heaters in aerodynamic thermal ground simulation tests of aerospace vehicles.

[0044] The above description is only the best specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of the professionals in this field.

Claims

1. An arc heater arc wire installation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a switching nozzle (401), a ball head (402), a ball head nut (403), a connecting piece (404), an adjusting piece (405), a piston (411), a clamping nut (409), a clamping head (408) and a clamping nut (407) which are coaxially installed in sequence, and also comprises an arc-starting wire (412). The arc-starting wire (412) penetrates from one end of the switching nozzle (401) or the clamping nut (407), and passes out from one end of the clamping nut (407) or the switching nozzle (401), and runs through the entire arc-starting wire installation device. The arc-starting wire installation device is connected to the outer surface of the installation flange (2) of the arc heating device through the switching nozzle (401), and the arc-starting wire (412) passes through the installation flange (2) and contacts the arc heater anode (1) of the arc heating device.

2. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing gasket (406), which is arranged between the adjusting member (405) and the piston (411), with one end of the sealing gasket abutting against the groove of the piston (411) and the other end deeply inserted into the groove of the adjusting member (405).

3. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the sealing gasket (406) along the axial direction is a combination of a rectangle and a trapezoid. The inner hole diameter of the sealing gasket (406) is ±10% of the diameter of the arc-starting wire (412), and the material is polyurethane.

4. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a sealing ring (410), wherein the sealing ring (410) surrounds the outer surface of the piston (411) as a lateral sealing member.

5. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tapered hole is provided on one end surface of the adapter nozzle (401) and is connected to one end of a ball head (402). The ball head nut (403) is flexibly connected to the ball head (402), and the other end of the ball head (402) is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting piece (404).

6. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece (404) is a hollow cavity structure with one end open and the other end having an external hexagonal shape. The adjusting piece (405), the sealing gasket (406) and the piston (411) are sequentially installed in the hollow cavity structure. The clamping nut (409) is connected to the connecting piece (404) by threaded matching.

7. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the hollow cavity structure of the connecting piece (404) is 5 to 8 mm less than the sum of the lengths of the adjusting piece (405), the sealing gasket (406) and the piston (411).

8. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (411) is made of nitrile rubber.

9. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression nut (409) has an outer thread on one side and a conical inner cavity, which is threadedly connected to the clamping nut (407). The other side has an outer hexagonal shape and an inner thread, which is threadedly connected to the connecting piece (404). The material is brass.

10. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping head (408) is provided with a clamping groove and has cone heads at both ends, with a clamping range of 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and is made of spring steel.

11. The arc heater arc wire installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-starting wire (412) has a roughness of no more than Ra3.2, a length passing through the clamping nut (407) of 5 to 8 times the deflagration length, and is made of stainless spring steel wire.

12. An arc heating device, characterized in that: It comprises an arc-starting wire installation device (4) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, an arc heater anode (1), a mounting flange (2), an arc heater cathode (3) and an electrode connector (5), wherein the mounting flange (2) is connected to an end face of one side of the electrode connector (5), the arc heater cathode (3) passes through a through hole inside the mounting flange (2) and is fixedly connected to one side of the electrode connector (5), the arc heater anode (1) is fixedly connected to the other side of the electrode connector (5), and the arc-starting wire (412) of the arc-starting wire installation device (4) passes through the mounting flange (2) and the electrode connector (5) in sequence and contacts the arc heater anode (1).

13. The arc heating device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Threaded holes are provided on both sides of the electrode connector (5), and the arc heater anode (1) and the arc heater cathode (3) are fixed to the electrode connector (5) by screwing.

14. The arc heating device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The end surface of the arc heater anode (1) is provided with a plurality of grooves arranged in an annular direction, and the arc-starting wire (412) passes through the mounting flange (2) and the electrode connector (5) in sequence, extends into one of the grooves on the end surface of the arc heater anode (1) and contacts the bottom of the groove; the arc heater anode (1) and the arc heater cathode (3) are coaxially mounted, and the angle between the arc-starting wire (412) and the axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

15. The arc heating device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The outer surface of the mounting flange (2) is evenly distributed in a circumferential direction with a plurality of oblique through holes, and the arc-starting wire (412) passes through one of the through holes.

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