97results about How to "Less impurities" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant active ingredient extraction, and relates to a segmented enzymolysis-cascade membrane separation extraction method of cyclocarya paliurus combined-state selenium polysaccharide and the combined-state selenium polysaccharide prepared by the method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a first extraction system for a cyclocarya paliurus leaf raw material, carrying out first-stage enzymolysis, inactivation and solid-liquid separation, separating a first liquid phase through a nanofiltration membrane to form a low-molecular selenium-containing component flow, and excluding the low-molecular selenium-containing component flow in a subsequent alcohol precipitation and recovery step; and constructing a second extraction system from the first solid phase, carrying out second-stage enzymolysis, inactivation and solid-liquid separation, sequentially carrying out microfiltration, first ultrafiltration, second ultrafiltration and nanofiltration washing on the second liquid phase, and carrying out ethanol precipitation to obtain the combined-state selenium polysaccharide. The proportion of target molecular weight interval components in the obtained product is increased, the mass fraction of polysaccharide is increased, and the proportion of inorganic selenium, the mass fraction of protein and the ash content are reduced.

The utility model discloses a motor end cover structure, which relates to the technical field of motor end covers and comprises a motor end cover main body, a plurality of fixing plates distributed in an annular array are mounted at the rear part of the outer surface of the motor end cover main body, and mounting holes are formed in the plurality of fixing plates. The upper portion and the lower portion of the front inner wall of the motor end cover body are each provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, the heat dissipation holes extend to the front side of the motor end cover body, the upper portion and the lower portion of the front end of the motor end cover body are each provided with a screen, and the left portion and the right portion of the front end of the motor end cover body are jointly provided with a U-shaped frame. And a connecting shaft is movably arranged in the U-shaped frame in a sleeving manner. According to the utility model, the baffle plate, the brush and the connecting shaft cooperate with each other to block the front of the screen, so that dust, metal chips or other impurities are prevented from passing through the heat dissipation holes to pollute the interior of the motor, and the performance and normal use of the motor are ensured.

The invention discloses a method for breeding, separating and purifying nosema bombycis, which comprises the following steps: infecting 2-year-old silkworms for 6-12 hours by using nosema bombycis with the concentration of 1.0 * 10 < 5 > spores / mL to 5.0 * 10 < 5 > spores / mL, feeding the silkworms with clean mulberry leaves until the silkworms fall asleep at 4 years old, and gradually causing pebrine death when the silkworms grow at 5 years old; the method comprises the following steps: grinding dead silkworms to prepare grinding liquid, filtering the grinding liquid, and separating out filtrate enriched with nosema bombycis; centrifuging the filtrate to obtain a precipitate which comprises grey silkworm body tissues on the upper layer and white nosema bombycis on the lower layer, shaking the centrifuge tube by using a shaking table to release the grey silkworm body tissues to supernate, pouring out the supernate, and retaining the white nosema bombycis at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. According to the method, the nosema bombycis is bred, separated and purified according to the growth rules and characteristics of the bombyx mori and the nosema bombycis, a high-quality sample can be efficiently obtained, and the nosema bombycis is high in content and few in impurity.

This invention discloses a method, control equipment, and apparatus for separating waste welding strip raw materials, relating to the field of welding strip technology. The separation method includes: placing the waste welding strip in a discharge bin; heating the discharge bin to melt the coating, wherein the heating temperature is greater than the melting point of the coating and the difference between the heating temperature and the melting point is any value between 1 and 200°C; and rotating the discharge bin by periodically stopping and starting to allow the molten coating liquid to be ejected through the through-hole of the discharge bin and separated from the metal substrate. This invention avoids the molten coating liquid adhering to the central gaps of the wound metal substrate, ensuring thorough separation and improving the recovery rate.

This invention relates to the field of mining environmental protection equipment technology, and more particularly to a separable mining carbon neutralization device. The separable mining carbon neutralization device provided by this invention solves the technical problem of poor operational stability in existing mining carbon neutralization devices. The separable mining carbon neutralization device includes a pre-stage component for separating carbon dioxide from gas, a post-stage component for adsorbing the carbon dioxide separated by the pre-stage component, and a gas pump. By setting a separation membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gas, the gas entering the post-stage component has a higher carbon dioxide content and lower impurity content, which facilitates rapid adsorption of carbon dioxide by the adsorbent, thereby improving the stability of the mining carbon neutralization device during operation and increasing the gas treatment efficiency.

This invention provides a method for preparing hydrocortisone impurity L, belonging to the field of chemical synthesis technology. The method for preparing hydrocortisone impurity L uses progesterone as a raw material, and proceeds sequentially through etherification, oxidation, reduction, conversion of the 11-position α-hydroxyl group, and oxidation and reduction of the 11-position α-hydroxyl group to obtain hydrocortisone impurity L. In the 11-position α-hydroxyl oxidation reaction, this invention uses photocatalysis to oxidize the hydroxyl group at the 11-position of the steroid compound to a ketone group. The photocatalytic oxidation utilizes holes generated after semiconductor excitation as a strong oxidant to capture electrons from the organic compound, thereby completing the oxidation. The entire reaction route of this invention is novel, the raw materials are readily available, the reaction conditions are mild, and dangerous operations such as the use of highly toxic substances and gases are avoided. The product has few impurities, high purity, and can be industrialized.

The invention belongs to the field of medical intermediate compounds and organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a key intermediate of lotinib and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) in an organic solvent, organic alkali, 2-cyanoethyl 5-acetyl-3-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic ester and 2, 2, 2-trifluoro-1-(3, 4, 5-trichlorobenzene) ethanone react to obtain an intermediate 1; (2) dehydrating the intermediate 1 into double bonds to obtain an intermediate 2; and (3) reacting the intermediate 2 with a ligand to obtain the key intermediate of lotinib. The intermediate is used for synthesizing lotinib. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of extremely high chiral selectivity, mild conditions and stable yield, can be suitable for amplified production, and provides a new technology suitable for industrial production for the key intermediate of lotinia.

The utility model discloses a kind of N, N-diisopropyl ethylamine neutralization distillation device, it is related to neutralization distillation technical field, the N, N-diisopropyl ethylamine neutralization distillation device, including neutralization reaction kettle, stirring mechanism and lye distribution mechanism are equipped in neutralization reaction kettle, lye distribution mechanism is installed in the upper portion of neutralization reaction kettle, it is arranged horizontally annularly, the lower end of lye distribution mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper end of stirring mechanism, and lye distribution mechanism is rotated simultaneously when driving stirring mechanism rotation, it is even sprayed into reaction liquid phase area in circumferential direction multiple points to alkali liquor, the efficient dispersion and mixing of alkali liquor are realized.The utility model is rotated by the synergistic effect of multiple point injection lye distribution mechanism and micro rectifier structure, realize the spatial uniform distribution and rapid mixing of alkali liquor in reaction system, effectively avoid local over-alkali, improve the uniformity, stability and product yield of neutralization reaction.

The application belongs to the technical field of soft magnetic material preparation, and particularly relates to a ferrosilicon magnetic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing ferrosilicon magnetic powder and a passivation agent, and then performing primary heat treatment and cooling to room temperature at a speed of not higher than 30 DEG C / h; (2) mixing the magnetic powder obtained in the step (1) with the passivation agent to obtain passivated magnetic powder; (3) adding a first coating agent to the passivated magnetic powder to perform primary coating, and then performing secondary heat treatment; and (4) adding a second coating agent to the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) to perform secondary coating, pressing, and then performing tertiary heat treatment. The average particle size of the first coating agent is 300 nm-1 mu m; and the second coating agent comprises colloidal particles, and the average particle size of the colloidal particles is not higher than 100 nm. The preparation method can improve the density and effective magnetic permeability of the ferrosilicon magnetic material, so that the ferrosilicon magnetic material has excellent magnetic performance, the loss is greatly reduced, heat generation is reduced, and the device is beneficial to energy saving and high efficiency.

The application discloses a processing method of Mongolian medicine tung furnace base. The tung furnace base is a processing product of mercury. The processing method comprises the following steps: rust removal of mercury, sulfur processing and the like. The rust-removed mercury and the processed sulfur are mixed, crushed and boiled, and the Mongolian medicine tung furnace base is obtained after cooling. The method uses modernized equipment such as a sugar-coating machine, and the processing of the Mongolian medicine tung furnace base can be completed in 2-3 days, which greatly saves time and manpower compared with a traditional method. The soluble mercury salt is not detected in the processed Mongolian medicine tung furnace base, and the mercury sulfide content is greater than 91%, which meets the medicinal standard.

The present application relates to steel and non-ferrous smelting slag comprehensive recovery and iron-making resource utilization comprehensive utilization technical field, disclose a kind of copper slag efficient iron-making method based on magnetic separation pretreatment, comprising: to molten iron-silicate base waste slag input by calcium carbide, sodium fluoride and phosphorus component consisting of conditioning agent, using sodium fluoride to build liquid diffusion field exposure reduction interface, induce calcium carbide and iron silicate in situ reduction to generate metal iron core;Heat treatment promotes iron core polymerization growth;Gradient cooling, using phosphorus component induces silicate matrix crystal transformation to generate expansion stress and break matrix;Grinding powder and weak magnetic separation, extract magnetic enrichment product, the present application breaks iron-oxygen-silicon chemical bond, realizes the conversion of combined state iron to independent metal state, achieves iron and gangue phase decoupling, using endogenous stress induction self-pulverization, reduce grinding energy consumption, output high-grade iron powder and simultaneously remove sulfur zinc impurities.

The utility model relates to a fresh rice production line and a feeding device thereof in the field of automatic rice preparation. The fresh rice production line comprises an elevator, a storage tank, a first conveying mechanism and a first storage conveying mechanism, the first conveying mechanism comprises a pumping machine, a conveying tank and a first conveying pipe, a feeding port of the pumping machine is communicated with a discharging port of the storage tank, a discharging port of the pumping machine is communicated with a feeding port of the conveying tank, and the first conveying pipe is a J-shaped structural pipe. The pipe orifice of the horizontal pipe of the first conveying pipe is communicated with the discharge hole of the conveying tank; after the pumping machine pumps finely-screened rice in the storage tank into the conveying tank, the finely-screened rice is conveyed into the first storage cabin at the high position from the low position through the first conveying pipe. According to the utility model, fine-screened rice is conveyed in an anti-gravity manner, so that impurities in rice grains entering the storage tank are less, the sizes of the grains tend to be consistent, and the taste and the appearance of cooked rice can be effectively improved.

This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, and more specifically, to a portable pH meter with distillation function. The meter includes a main body, a power module, a water storage module, a distillation module, and a controller for controlling the distillation module. Both the water storage module and the distillation module are fixedly connected to the main body, and the distillation module is electrically connected to the controller. Both the distillation module and the main body are electrically connected to the power module. The water storage module has a first inlet for water injection and a first outlet for water delivery to the distillation module. The distillation module has a second inlet and a second outlet for water intake. The first outlet and the second inlet are connected, and a first valve is provided between them. Distilled water can be prepared on-site using the distillation module, eliminating the need for an external pure water source. This effectively solves the problem of pure water shortage in field operations, standardizes water quality sources, reduces measurement errors, and improves data consistency and experimental repeatability.

The invention discloses vanillin alcohol ether and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) by taking vanillin or ethyl vanillin and hydrogen as reactants and alcohol or ethyl acetate (EA) as a solvent, preparing a reactant solution, adding a Raney nickel catalyst as a catalyst, and reacting at the temperature of 40-70 DEG C under the reaction hydrogen pressure of 2-3 MPa for 8-10 hours; and (2) by taking vanillin alcohol or ethyl vanillin alcohol and second alcohol as reactants and lewis acid (such as magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, copper sulfate and other lewis acids) as a catalyst, reacting at 80-100 DEG C to obtain vanillin alcohol ethers, the preparation method disclosed by the invention is mild in reaction condition, few in by-products, green and environment-friendly, high in product yield and suitable for industrial production.

The present application relates to the technical field of gel electrolyte for supercapacitor, in particular to a gel electrolyte based on lysozyme amyloid fibers and application thereof. The ion conductivity of the conventional plant protein-based gel electrolyte is poor, and the electrical performance needs to be further improved. In view of the above problems, the present application provides a gel electrolyte based on lysozyme amyloid fibers. The lysozyme in the formula self-assembles into amyloid fibers under acidic conditions, and the surface of the amyloid fibers is rich in polar groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups, which can effectively promote the dissociation of lithium salt. At the same time, the three-dimensional network structure formed by the self-assembly of the fibers. Glycerol as a small molecule plasticizer inserts between the polymer chains. Lithium perchlorate and other lithium salts can provide high concentration of free lithium ions due to the large anion volume and low dissociation energy. The above components synergize and jointly act, effectively improving the comprehensive electrical performance of the gel electrolyte.

The utility model belongs to the field of wall-breaking crushing devices, and particularly relates to a wall-breaking crushing device for raw materials for preparing plant-based salad dressing, which comprises a tank body, and the top of the tank body is communicated with a feed port; the bottom of the tank body is communicated with a discharge hole; a filter pad is arranged in the tank body; a motor is arranged at the top of the tank body; the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the tank body are arranged in a penetrating manner and are rotationally connected; a plurality of groups of first wall breaking knives are fixedly connected to the middle part of the first rotating shaft; a plurality of second rotating shafts penetrate through the top of the tank body and are rotationally connected with the top of the tank body; and by arranging the cooling pipe, the raw materials in the tank body can be cooled by the cooling pipe, the viscosity increase of grease in the materials caused by high temperature is reduced, and the quality of the device on wall breaking of the materials is improved.

The utility model relates to a graphite riser for casting an electrically-fused brick, which can effectively solve the problems of riser cost control and production efficiency improvement in the casting process of the electrically-fused brick and comprises a riser main body, the riser main body is of a hollow structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, and the upper opening serves as a casting opening of electrically-fused brick feed liquid. The lower opening is communicated with an upper opening of a brick body sand mold of the electrically-fused brick, the whole body of the riser main body is made of a graphite material, an original sand mold riser is replaced by changing the material of the riser main body, and the riser is resistant to high temperature and corrosion and can be repeatedly used, so that the overall cost is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the generation of solid wastes is also reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced; meanwhile, the riser part of the graphite riser cannot be adhered to the inner surface of the graphite riser at a high temperature, sand cleaning operation is not needed, the sand cleaning cost is reduced, a riser casting can be directly crushed and returned to a furnace for use, and product impurities are reduced; and a sand mold riser is not used, so that the use and waste of quartz sand are reduced, and the burden on the environment is reduced.

The application discloses a casting mold, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of heavy rare earth ingot. The casting mold comprises a mold body, a transition layer and a barrier layer, the transition layer covers the inner wall of the mold body, and the barrier layer covers the transition layer; the transition layer contains one of the following element compositions: (a) Ni and Al; (b) Fe and Ni; (c) Ni, Co, Cr, Al and Y; (d) Co, Cr, Al and Y; and the barrier layer contains rare earth oxides selected from one or more of Y2O3, CeO2 and La2Ce2O7. The binding force between the coating of the casting mold and the mold body is strong, and the coating is not easy to fall off.

This invention relates to the field of Eucommia ulmoides rubber technology, specifically to a water-based extraction method for Eucommia ulmoides rubber. The method includes: (1) pretreatment: cleaning the Eucommia ulmoides raw material and freeze-drying it; (2) separation of rubber fibers: mechanically extracting the pretreated Eucommia ulmoides raw material to obtain rubber fibers; (3) sedimentation separation: adding water to the rubber fibers and stirring at high speed, allowing it to stand until it separates into layers, collecting the upper layer to obtain Eucommia ulmoides rubber. The entire extraction process of Eucommia ulmoides rubber uses only water and no organic solvents, truly achieving green and environmentally friendly results. Furthermore, this invention employs mechanical extraction for rubber fiber separation, significantly reducing the lignin and other content in the extracted Eucommia ulmoides rubber and improving its purity.

The utility model relates to garbage can inner bag manufacturing equipment technical field, and disclose a kind of injection mould rapid cooling's garbage can inner bag manufacturing equipment, including base and fixedly installed lower die holder on the upper end of base, the upper end of lower die holder is installed with upper die holder, cooling structure is installed on the lateral wall of lower die holder and upper die holder, injection liquid is introduced from injection port, using the cooperation of mould core and mould cavity can be shaped to injection liquid, the heat conduction layer of cooperation arrangement is favorable to the heat dissipation of mould core, in the process, start suction pump, and cooperate with duct and suction pipe can be drawn into cooling channel, can realize the purpose of air cooling, start a group of pump body simultaneously, and cooperate with water cooling pipe and circulating pipe can extract cooling liquid in water tank to cooling cavity, can carry out cooling to injection liquid, can realize the cooperation cooling of injection liquid air cooling and water cooling, shorten the forming time of injection liquid, effectively improve production efficiency.

The utility model discloses an internal circulation structure of a low-nitrogen gas burner, which particularly relates to the field of burners and comprises a gas inlet pipe, one end of the gas inlet pipe is communicated with a flame tube, one end of the flame tube is communicated with an exhaust pipe, the bottom end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with a first conveying pipe, the bottom end of the first conveying pipe is communicated with a sucking pump, and one end of the sucking pump is provided with a mounting frame. An air supply port is formed in one side of the mounting frame, and a filter screen plate is mounted at the air supply port; a plurality of high-temperature-resistant filter bags are mounted in the mounting frame, one side of the mounting frame is communicated with a conveying pipe II, one end of the conveying pipe II is connected with a circulating pipe, and the circulating pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe. When flue gas exhausted by the exhaust pipe is recycled, the flue gas needs to be primarily filtered by the filter screen plate in the mounting frame, and then dust is filtered by the high-temperature-resistant filter bag, so that impurities in the recycled flue gas are reduced, and the use effect and the service life of a flamethrower in the combustor are prevented from being influenced by the impurities.

The utility model relates to the technical field of cement, and provides a cement clinker machine which comprises a stirring barrel, a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the stirring barrel, springs are fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface, close to the periphery, of the supporting frame, and limiting telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface, close to the periphery, of the supporting frame. The multiple limiting telescopic rods are located in the multiple springs, a sieve plate is fixedly connected to the tops of the outer surfaces of the multiple limiting telescopic rods, and a third motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the supporting frame. At the moment, when the sieve plate vibrates, raw materials in the sieve plate can be vibrated into the stirring barrel, impurities in the raw materials can stay in the sieve plate, the impurities are reduced, and the quality of cement after the cement raw materials are mixed is improved.

This invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, specifically relating to a stable and efficient method for extracting and purifying Rhodiola rosea protoplasts. Using Rhodiola rosea callus tissue as material, this invention establishes a highly efficient separation and purification system for Rhodiola rosea callus protoplasts based on enzymatic hydrolysis, determining the optimal enzyme combination, mannitol concentration, hydrolysis time, and centrifugation speed. Experimental verification shows that the protoplast yield using the Rhodiola rosea protoplast extraction and purification method described in this invention reaches 5.57 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The Rhodiola rosea protoplast extraction and purification system provided by this invention yields a large quantity of Rhodiola rosea protoplasts with minimal damage, few impurities, and high viability, providing experimental materials and technical support for gene function analysis, secondary metabolism regulation, and cell engineering research.

This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to an algae collection device, comprising a first outer shell, a second outer shell fixedly connected to the top of the first outer shell, the first and second outer shells being interconnected, two collecting rollers movably installed inside the first outer shell, two drive shafts movably installed inside the first outer shell, and a cutting blade holder fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive shafts movably; a second drive shaft movably installed inside the second outer shell, multiple stirring blocks fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second drive shaft, an auger movably installed inside the second outer shell, and a drain pipe opened at the bottom of the second outer shell; a drive assembly is installed between the collecting rollers, drive shafts 1 and 2, and the auger. This utility model, through the drive assembly driving the collecting rollers, cutting blade holder, stirring blocks, and auger to work together, achieves the collection of algae with roots, chopping and processing, and separation of chopped algae from sediment, solving the problem of incomplete algae removal in existing algae collection devices, and contributing to the improvement of the river ecological environment.

A coal sorting device for coal power equipment relates to the field of coal sorting and comprises a feeding mechanism and a pneumatic sorting mechanism. The feeding hopper is arranged at the top feeding end of the coarse screening box, the coarse screening plate is arranged in the coarse screening box, a material conveying pipe is arranged at the discharging end of the coarse screening box, the pneumatic sorting mechanism is used for conducting negative-pressure screening on sorted materials and fine materials, a fine material guiding-out assembly is arranged at the discharging end of the negative-pressure fan, and a sorted material guiding-out assembly is arranged at the bottom of the sorting cylinder. According to the coal sorting device for the coal power equipment, sorted materials and fine materials are intensively sucked away and transferred through the negative pressure fan; dust is also absorbed by negative-pressure airflow in the coarse screening process, and dust cannot be generated; fine materials enter the sorting cylinder and are filtered for the second time through the fine material screening plate, and the fine materials are filtered out. The selected materials are stirred and ground by the stirring rod in the separation cylinder, fine materials and edges and corners attached to the surfaces of the selected materials are effectively ground, the fine materials in the selected materials are reduced to the minimum, impurities in the selected materials are reduced, and the purpose of fine separation of the coal materials is achieved.

The present application provides a mine chain welding automatic discharging conveying equipment, and relates to the conveying field.The present application comprises a discharging structure and a discharging pipe fitting, one side of the discharging structure is provided with a conveying structure, the top of the conveying structure is provided with a feeding structure, the conveying structure comprises a conveying track, a fixed plate one, a fixed plate three, a position sensor, a fixed plate four, a gear two and a plurality of clamping pieces one, the inside of the conveying track is provided with a backing plate, two transmission rods two are fixedly connected between the plurality of clamping pieces one and the fixed plate four;one end of the moving mine chain material rod successively penetrates between two polishing pieces two and between two polishing pieces one, the rotating two polishing pieces two remove the deformation and burrs generated due to cutting processing of the mine chain material rod, the rotating two polishing pieces one polish the outside of the mine chain material rod, reduce impurities on the outside of the mine chain material rod, and reduce the cost investment for removing the burrs and protrusions of the circular or elliptical mine chain.

The utility model relates to cement pole production technical field especially can pipeline quick detachable water spraying pole maintenance device, including water storage tank body, the inside slide of water storage tank body is installed with filter screen, the upper end portion rotation of water storage tank body is installed with second rotation gear, the side end portion slide of second rotation gear is installed with two clamping plates, the side end portion slide of water storage tank body is installed with water pump, the left and right sides of fixed frame all slide and install with bolt, the upper end portion of water storage tank body is set up with two reserved holes, the fixed frame is slidably installed on water storage tank body top through bolt and reserved hole cooperation, this device can through bolt, reserved hole, connecting valve and delivery pipe, water storage tank body, fixed frame, water pump etc. portion carries out the mutual cooperation design, reaches device when using can quick assembly use to device, is convenient for subsequent disassembly replacement simultaneously, improves device use efficiency.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for clean production of 5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole. Methyl trifluoroacetate is used as a raw material and reacts with acetone under the conditions of a solvent and a catalyst, a reaction solution is subjected to acidification and negative pressure distillation to obtain a trifluoroacetylacetone methanol solution, the trifluoroacetylacetone methanol solution directly reacts with hydrazine hydrate, and 5-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-lH-pyrazole is obtained. The content of the 5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole obtained through the method reaches 99% or above, the two-step synthesis yield reaches 70%, and the method has the advantages of being high in product content, few in impurities, simple in technological process, convenient in solvent recovery and the like, and meets the requirement of clean production.

The application provides a broadband gap CGSe flexible thin film solar cell and a preparation method thereof. The thin film solar cell comprises a flexible metal substrate layer, a back electrode layer, a CGSe absorption layer doped with sulfur and / or aluminum, a buffer layer, a window layer and a grid electrode. The preparation method of the thin film solar cell comprises the following steps: forming the back electrode layer on the flexible metal substrate layer by direct current magnetron sputtering; using a molecular beam epitaxy device, depositing the CGSe absorption layer by a three-step co-evaporation method while selectively doping aluminum, and selectively annealing in an S atmosphere to form the CGSe absorption layer doped with sulfur and / or aluminum; forming the buffer layer and then annealing; forming the window layer by radio frequency magnetron sputtering; and forming the grid electrode by electron beam evaporation to obtain the thin film solar cell. The broadband gap CGSe flexible thin film solar cell is suitable for being used as an underwater solar cell, and provides a high-efficiency power source for underwater vehicles, autonomous systems and the like.

This disclosure relates to the photovoltaic field, providing a photovoltaic cell and its manufacturing method, a tandem cell, and a photovoltaic module. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic cell includes: providing a cell substrate having two surface sides opposite each other along a first direction; printing a first paste on at least one surface side, the first paste including at least first conductive particles and second conductive particles, both the first and second conductive particles containing silver, and the silver content of the first conductive particles being lower than that of the second conductive particles; modifying the first paste to transform it into a transport layer, the modification treatment including a first stage and a second stage, wherein the energy density provided to the first paste in the first stage is lower than the energy density provided to the first paste in the second stage. This disclosure at least helps to improve the conductivity of the formed transport layer while simplifying the preparation process of the transport layer.