377 results about "Dynamic light scattering" patented technology

The present invention provides an improved light guide with inherently more flexibility for display system designers and higher optical efficiency. By using a light guide containing substantially aligned non-spherical particles, more efficient control of the light scattering can be achieved. One or more regions containing ellipsoidal particles may be used and the particle sizes may vary between 2 and 100 microns in the smaller dimension. The light scattering regions may be substantially orthogonal in their axis of alignment. Alternatively, one or more asymmetrically scattering films can be used in combination with a backlight light guide and a reflector to produce an efficient backlight system. The light guides may be manufactured by embossing, stamping, or compression molding a light guide in a suitable light guide material containing asymmetric particles substantially aligned in one direction. The light scattering light guide or non-scattering light guide may be used with one or more light sources, collimating films or symmetric or asymmetric scattering films to produce an efficient backlight that can be combined with a liquid crystal display or other transmissive display. By maintaining more control over the scattering, the efficiency of the recycling of light by using reflective polarizers can also be increased.

Provided are a delivery system that is useful in delivering a double-stranded ribonucleic acid that functions in gene silencing in glomeruli, particularly in mesangial cells and the like, to the tissue or cells, and the like. A polyion complex in the form of a non-polymeric micelle consisting of a double-stranded ribonucleic acid and a block copolymer represented by the formula (I) or (II) below, which are electrostatically bound together, wherein the polyion complex has an average particle diameter of less than 100 nm as measured by a dynamic light scattering measuring method:

wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

A system, method and medical tool are presented for use in non-invasive in vivo determination of at least one desired parameter or condition of a subject having a scattering medium in a target region. The measurement system comprises an illuminating system, a detection system, and a control system. The illumination system comprises at least one light source configured for generating partially or entirely coherent light to be applied to the target region to cause a light response signal from the illuminated region. The detection system comprises at least one light detection unit configured for detecting time-dependent fluctuations of the intensity of the light response and generating data indicative of a dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement. The control system is configured and operable to receive and analyze the data indicative of the DLS measurement to determine the at least one desired parameter or condition, and generate output data indicative thereof.

In one implementation, a device detects multiple vital signs from sensors such as a digital infrared sensor, a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor and at least one micro dynamic light scattering (mDLS) sensor, and thereafter in some implementations the vital signs are transmitted to, and stored by, an electronic medical record system.

Methods and systems for using dynamic light scattering, for investigating local rheological responses of complex fluids over a frequency range larger than that provided by standard instrumentation. A low-coherence radiation source is used with fiber optics to allow measurements of small volume spacing of up to approximately 1/10 of a picoliter. The methods and systems are based on dynamic light scattering, for investigating the local rheological response of a complex fluid over a frequency range larger than that provided by standard mechanical instrumentation. The low-coherence radiation used in a fiber optics configuration allows the measurements to be confined to a small volume around a tenth of a picoliter. The ability of the method to accurately measure both loss and storage moduli has been tested using both simple Newtonian liquids and viscoelastic, complex fluids. Monitoring liquid-gel transitions in polymer solutions has also been demonstrated. The unique capability of the technique to localize the measurement volume can be used for three-dimensional mapping of rheological properties in heterogeneous systems. Other embodiments can use open-air setups instead of optical fibers to transmit and receive the low coherence light.

A binder resin for a nonaqueous secondary battery electrode of the invention satisfies I_s≧30 (I_s indicates a sum of scattering intensities observed in a particle size range of from 1 to 100 nm) when a solution is formed by dissolving the binder resin in water at a concentration of 5% by mass and particle size distribution is measured by a dynamic light scattering method at 25° C. The binder resin contains a polymer (B) having a structural unit represented by the following Formula (11) and a specific structural unit. The binder resin also contains a polymer (α) having a specific structural unit and a structural unit represented by the following Formula (22), and/or a mixture of a polymer (β1) having a specific structural unit and a polymer (β2) having a structural unit represented by the following Formula (22).

Apparatus are described for measuring the characteristics of colloidal particles suspended in transparent media by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering (DDLS) into regions where conventional measurements are difficult or impractical. Matching the diameter of an illuminating beam and an intersecting diameter of a field stop image extends measurements into regions that include concentrated turbid suspensions that frequently appear so visually opaque that multiple scattering typically gives a falsely low estimate of particle size. At the opposite extreme, where insufficient signal is available to determine either or both of the translational and/or rotational relaxation times of the particles, typically where they are too small, too few, or of insufficient refractive index difference from the medium to scatter enough light, measurements can be improved by: a) using a sufficiently large aperture such that many coherence areas fall upon the detector; and b) optical homodyne amplification of the scattered signal.

The present invention provides a hologram recording medium which is suitable for volume hologram record and can attain high refractive index change, flexibility, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low dimensional change (low shrinkage) and high multiplicity in holographic memory record using not only a green laser but also a blue laser. A hologram recording medium (11) comprising at least a hologram recording layer (21), wherein the hologram recording layer contains a metal oxide matrix comprising metal oxide fine particles, and a photopolymerizable compound; the metal oxide fine particles comprise metal oxide fine particles containing Ti as a metallic element; and at the time of subjecting the hologram recording layer before exposure to light to an extraction operation in n-butyl alcohol having a mass 100 times the mass (W) of said recording layer, thereby yielding a sol solution; filtrating the sol solution to obtain a filtrated sol solution; and measuring particle diameter distribution of sol particles in the filtrated sol solution by a dynamic light scattering method; and obtaining an average particle diameter thereof, the average particle diameter of the sol particles is in the range of 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less.

Procedures and methods for synthesizing biodegradable polymer coated nanoceria result in stable nanoparticle preparations in aqueous systems and physiological relevant colloidal solutions, such as phosphate buffer saline. The coated nanoceria preparations increase the nanoparticle concentration in aqueous or colloidal solutions as most needed for antioxidant, free-radical scavenger, and autocatalytic biomedical applications, including, biological, pharmacological and potential clinical use. To meet this need, a facile synthetic procedure for preparation of a biodegradable polymer-coated nanoceria is disclosed; the preferred biodegradable polymer is dextran. The synthesis method occurs under ambient conditions in an aqueous phase without the use of surfactants and results in a monodispersed preparation that is dextran-coated as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Preliminary characterization of polymer coated nanoceria by XPS, TEM, XRD, and the like shows that these nanoparticles have the necessary physical properties for the desired biological potency, such as Ce⁺⁴/Ce⁺³ mixed valence state.

A system and method for measuring one or more light-absorption related blood analyte concentration parameters of a mammalian subject, is disclosed. In some embodiments, the system comprises: a) a photoplethysmography (PPG) device configured to effect a PPG measurement by illuminating skin of the subject with at least two distinct wavelengths of light and determining relative absorbance at each of the wavelengths; b) a dynamic light scattering measurement (DLS) device configured to effect a DLS measurement of the subject to rheologically measure a pulse parameter of the subject; and c) electronic circuitry configured to: i) temporally correlating the results of the PPG and DLS measurements; and ii) accordance with the temporal correlation between the PPG and DLS measurements, assessing value(s) of the one or more light-absorption related blood analyte concentration parameter(s).

Copper microparticles that are fine and contain substantially none of agglomerated particles. For example, there are provided copper microparticles of 0.005 to 2.0 μm average particle diameter (D) as measured by an electron microscope, 0.005 to 2.0 μm average particle diameter (d) as measured by a dynamic light scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus and 0.7 to 2 d/D ratio. There is provided a process comprising mixing a divalent copper oxide with a reducing agent in the presence of a complexing agent and a protective colloid in a liquid medium to thereby produce copper microparticles without formation of a univalent copper oxide from the divalent copper oxide. Further, there is provided a process comprising reducing a divalent copper oxide in the presence of a complexing agent and a protective colloid, such as a protein, to thereby form metallic copper microparticles, adding a protective colloid scavenger, such as a protease, to thereby remove the protective colloid and effect agglomeration of metallic copper microparticles, and filtering the mixture by means of a pressure filter, a vacuum filter, a suction filter, etc.

The invention discloses a particle size analyzer which is characterized in that a microscope objective is arranged below an area array sensor; a sample tank is arranged on the focusing plane of the microscope objective; two light sources, namely a transmission light source and a scattering light source are arranged below the sample tank; when micron-grade particles are measured, the transmission light source emits illumination light to illuminate particle samples to be detected, particle images are amplified by the microscope objective to be imaged on an image plane, and image signals obtained after receiving of the images by the area array sensor are transmitted to a computer to be processed to obtain particle size distribution; when nano particles are measured, the transmission light source is turned off while the scattering light source is turned on, laser emitted by the transmission light source is irradiated to nano particle samples, dynamic light scattering signals generated by Brownian movement of the nano particles are received by the area array sensor through the microscope objective, and the obtained signals are transmitted to the computer to be processed to obtain the particle size distribution. According to the particle size analyzer, the particles with the size range from nanometers to hundreds of microns can be measured by only one image sensor, so as to meet the requirements of wide-range particle measurement.

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring ultrafine grains based on dynamic light scattering signal time coherence degree. An incidence light path consists of a laser, a convex lens and a sample cell; a receiving light path consists of a sample cell, a pinhole diaphragm and an optical filter; and an acquisition and processing unit for scattering signals consists of a photoelectric detector, a photon counting plate and a computer. The measuring method comprises the following steps: 1, using the laser as a light source to irradiate the sample cell filled with the grains; 2, using a photoelectric multiplier tube as the photoelectric detector to continuously measure scattered light signals generated by the grains at a scattering angle of 90 degrees; 3, using the photon counting plate to count impulse signals output by the photoelectric multiplier tube, wherein the time coherence degree of the signals is gradually reduced along with the improvement of a sampling cycle; and 4, calculating the grain sizes of the grains by the computer according to the change of the calculated signal time coherence degree. The device and the method have the advantages of low cost, simple steps, quick measuring speed, and simple device.

The present invention provides nano particle size measuring method and device with scattered dynamic low-strength laser. The method includes: radiating liquid sample with monochromic laser beam of proper length to produce scattered light signal; collecting and transmitting to light signal with single-modular fiber with gradient refractive index; recording with single-photon counter module the scattered photons and converting into output electric pulse signal; and processing the signal in an autocorrelator. The device includes: light source, polarizer, focusing lens, two-layered refractive index sample matching pool, fiber, single-photon counter module, autocorrelator and computer. The present invention can measure nano particle size fast and accurately.

In one implementation, a multi-vital-sign smartphone system detects multiple vital signs from sensors such as a digital infrared sensor, a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor and at least one micro dynamic light scattering (mDLS) sensor, and thereafter in some implementations the vital signs are transmitted to, and stored by, an electronic medical record system.