Wind wave flow model device suitable for single-pile fan integrated model test

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile fan integrated model test, and the device comprises a wind wave flow model groove, a fan model, a displacement sensor, a force sensor, a strain sensor, an acceleration sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a wave height sensor, and an anemograph. The wind wave flow model tank comprises an upper water tank and a lower sand settling tank, a pile foundation of the fan model is locally embedded in the lower sand settling tank, the displacement sensor is used for measuring fan displacement, the force sensor is arranged between a fan and a tower of the fan model, and the strain sensor is arranged on the tower and the pile foundation of the fan model. The acceleration sensor is arranged on the face, extending out of the water surface and facing the wind load, of the tower barrel, the soil pressure sensor is arranged on the portion, embedded in the lower sand setting groove, of the pile foundation, and the pore water pressure sensor is embedded in the lower sand setting groove. The wind and wave flow model device can simulate the actual working condition of a fan, the safety margin is compressed as much as possible on the premise of safety and reliability, and cost is reduced and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine model experiments, and in particular to a wind-wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test. Background Art

[0002] At present, for the design and experimental research of offshore wind turbines, since the upper wind turbine structure and the lower foundation structure are calculated independently, not only there are certain safety differences in the design and experiment, but also the engineering workload increases simultaneously, thereby increasing the design and experimental costs. Especially for the lower foundation structure, simply increasing the appropriate load in the experiment cannot fully reflect the vibration response of the overall wind turbine under working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a wind-wave-current model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test, so that it can simulate a more realistic vibration response of the wind turbine and compress the safety margin as much as possible under the premise of safety and reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A wind-wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test, comprising:

[0006] A wind-wave-current model tank, the wind-wave-current model tank comprising an upper water tank and a lower sand settling tank;

[0007] A wind turbine model, wherein the wind turbine model comprises a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine, a tower and a pile foundation, wherein the wind turbine, the tower and the pile foundation are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the pile foundation is partially buried in the lower sand settling tank, and the wind turbine blade is connected to the wind turbine;

[0008] A displacement sensor, wherein two displacement sensors are respectively arranged on one side of the wind turbine along the wind load and on the side perpendicular to the wind load, and are used to measure the two-way displacement of the wind turbine when subjected to the wind load;

[0009] A force sensor, the force sensor is arranged between the wind turbine and the tower, and is used to detect the dynamic response between the wind turbine blades and the tower;

[0010] Strain sensors, wherein the strain sensors are provided in a plurality of groups, each group of the strain sensors is arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the tower and the pile foundation, and each group of the strain sensors includes a plurality of the strain sensors uniformly spaced around the circumference;

[0011] Acceleration sensors, a plurality of which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on a side of the tower extending out of the water surface and facing the wind load:

[0012] A soil pressure sensor is disposed in the pile foundation and is located at a portion of the pile foundation buried in the lower sand settling tank;

[0013] Pore ​​water pressure sensors, a plurality of the pore water pressure sensors are buried in the lower sand settling tank and are located around the pile foundation;

[0014] A wave height sensor, wherein a plurality of the wave height sensors are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction at a position where the edge of the upper water tank is flush with the water surface;

[0015] An anemometer is arranged in the upper water tank and is located in front of the fan blades along the wind load direction.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the force sensor is a strain-type six-axis force sensor.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the strain sensor is a stress strain gauge, and each group of the strain sensors includes 8 stress strain gauges.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, at least three acceleration sensors are provided, and the acceleration sensors are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tower.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, two soil pressure sensors are provided, one of which is flush with the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough, and the other is located in the middle of the part of the tower base buried in the lower sand settling trough.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, four pore water pressure sensors are provided, and the pore water pressure sensors are grouped in pairs. Two pore water pressure sensors in the same group are arranged with an interval between each other, one group of the pore water pressure sensors is arranged close to the pile foundation, and the other group of the pore water pressure sensors is arranged at a preset distance from the pile foundation.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the distance between the upper one of the two pore water pressure sensors in the same group and the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough is equal to the distance between the two pore water pressure sensors in the same group.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, two groups of the wave height sensors are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the tower along the wind load direction, and each group of the wave height sensors includes a plurality of the wave height sensors.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, the anemometer includes a Cobra anemometer.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the plurality of anemometers are arranged at intervals perpendicular to the wind load direction and along the wind load direction.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present invention discloses a wind-wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test, the wind-wave flow model device comprising a wind-wave flow model trough, a wind turbine model, a displacement sensor, a force sensor, a strain sensor, an acceleration sensor, an earth pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a wave height sensor and an anemometer, wherein the wind-wave flow model trough comprises an upper water trough and a lower sand settling trough, the wind turbine model comprises a wind turbine blade, a wind turbine, a tower and a pile foundation, the wind turbine, the tower and the pile foundation are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the pile foundation is partially buried in the lower sand settling trough, the wind turbine blade is connected to the wind turbine, and two displacement sensors are respectively arranged on one side of the wind turbine along the wind load and on the side perpendicular to the wind load, for measuring the wind turbine under wind load. Two-way displacement, the force sensor is arranged between the wind turbine and the tower to detect the dynamic response between the wind turbine blades and the tower. There are multiple groups of strain sensors, and each group of strain sensors is arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the tower and the pile foundation. Each group of strain sensors includes multiple strain sensors that are evenly spaced around the circumference. Multiple acceleration sensors are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the side of the tower that extends out of the water surface and faces the wind load. The earth pressure sensor is arranged in the pile foundation and is located at the part of the pile foundation buried in the lower sand settling trough. Multiple pore water pressure sensors are buried in the lower sand settling trough and are located around the pile foundation. Multiple wave height sensors are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction at the edge of the upper water trough flush with the water surface. The anemometer is arranged in the upper water trough and is located in front of the wind turbine blades along the wind load direction.

[0026] The above-mentioned wind-wave and current model device is equipped with a variety of sensors, which can obtain complex and diverse experimental data from soil, wave loads, flow loads and wind loads. It can simulate a more realistic vibration response of the wind turbine in the presence of a wind turbine and wind turbine blades, and fully detect the impact of various data on the wind turbine. It abandons the traditional experimental method of simply applying simple harmonic loads. The complexity and fit of the experimental data are more in line with the actual working conditions of the wind turbine than traditional experiments. Therefore, in the subsequent design and production, the safety margin can be compressed as much as possible under the premise of safety and reliability, thereby reducing product costs and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1A side view of a wind wave current model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A front view of a wind wave current model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of a wind wave current model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional arrangement of stress and strain gauges of a wind-wave and current model device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1 is a displacement sensor; 2 is an anemometer; 3 is a force sensor; 4 is a stress strain gauge; 5 is a wave height sensor; 6 is an acceleration sensor; 7 is an earth pressure sensor; 8 is a pore water pressure sensor; 9 is a wind-wave flow model tank; 901 is an upper water tank; 902 is a lower sand settling tank; 10 is a wind turbine model; 1001 is a wind turbine blade; 1002 is a wind turbine; 1003 is a tower; 1004 is a pile foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The core of the present invention is to provide a wind-wave-current model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test. The structural design of the wind-wave-current model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test enables it to simulate a more realistic vibration response of the wind turbine and compress the safety margin as much as possible under the premise of safety and reliability.

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A side view of a wind wave current model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A front view of a wind wave current model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 A top view of a wind wave current model device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a wind-wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test, the wind-wave flow model device comprising a wind-wave flow model trough 9, a wind turbine model 10, a displacement sensor 1, a force sensor 3, a strain sensor, an acceleration sensor 6, an earth pressure sensor 7, a pore water pressure sensor 8, a wave height sensor 5 and an anemometer 2.

[0038] Among them, the wind-wave current model trough 9 includes an upper water trough 901 and a lower sand settling trough 902. In a specific embodiment, the overall height of the wind-wave current model trough 9 is 2.0m, the width (horizontally vertical to the wind load direction) is 2.0m, and the length (along the wind load direction) is set by technical personnel in this field according to needs. The lower sand settling trough 902 has a depth of 80cm, a length of 2.0m, and a width of 1.3m. The cross-sectional size of the upper water trough 901 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the lower sand settling trough 902, and the water depth of the upper water trough 901 is 50cm.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the wind turbine model 10 includes a wind turbine blade 1001, a wind turbine 1002, a tower 1003 and a pile foundation 1004. The wind turbine 1002, the tower 1003 and the pile foundation 1004 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The pile foundation 1004 is partially buried in the lower sand settling tank 902. The wind turbine blade 1001 is connected to the wind turbine 1002. The height of the wind turbine model 10 is 2m, the length of the wind turbine blade 1001 is 0.9815m, the height of the pile foundation 1004 and the tower 1003 are 1m respectively, and the buried depth of the pile foundation 1004 is 50cm.

[0040] Two displacement sensors 1 are respectively arranged on one side of the wind turbine 1002 along the wind load and on the side perpendicular to the wind load, and are used to measure the two-way displacement of the wind turbine 1002 when subjected to wind load. A force sensor 3 is arranged between the wind turbine 1002 and the tower 1003, and is used to detect the dynamic response between the wind turbine blades 1001 and the tower 1003. Multiple groups of strain sensors are provided, and each group of strain sensors is arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the tower 1003 and the pile foundation 1004. Each group of strain sensors includes multiple strain sensors evenly spaced around the circumference, and multiple acceleration sensors are arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The sensors 6 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the side of the tower 1003 that extends out of the water surface and faces the wind load. The soil pressure sensor 7 is arranged in the pile foundation 1004 and is located at the part of the pile foundation 1004 buried in the lower sand settling trough 902. A plurality of pore water pressure sensors 8 are buried in the lower sand settling trough 902 and are located around the pile foundation 1004. A plurality of wave height sensors 5 are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction at a position where the edge of the upper water tank 901 is flush with the water surface. The anemometer 2 is arranged in the upper water tank 901 and is located in front of the wind turbine blades 1001 along the wind load direction.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the wind-wave-current model device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a variety of sensors, which can obtain complex and diverse experimental data from soil, wave loads, flow loads and wind loads. It can simulate a more realistic vibration response of the wind turbine 1002 in the presence of the wind turbine 1002 and the wind turbine blades 1001, and fully detect the influence of various data on the wind turbine 1002, abandoning the traditional experimental method of simply applying simple harmonic loads. The complexity and fit of the experimental data are more in line with the actual working conditions of the wind turbine 1002 than the traditional experiments. Therefore, in the subsequent design and production, the safety margin can be compressed as much as possible under the premise of safety and reliability, thereby reducing product costs and improving benefits.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned displacement sensor 1 is a laser displacement sensor 1, and the force sensor 3 is a strain-type six-axis force sensor. Of course, the above-mentioned laser displacement sensor 1 and the strain-type six-axis force sensor are only preferred solutions provided by an embodiment of the present application, and are not actually limited to this. Technical personnel in this field can make choices according to their needs and are not limited here.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present application, the strain sensor is a stress strain gauge 4, and each group of strain sensors includes 8 stress strain gauges 4. Specifically, the cross-sectional arc of the tower 1003 and the pile foundation 1004 is divided into 8 equal parts, and stress strain gauges 4 are set at the contact points between the equally divided arcs with a number of 8 per cross section. The axial spacing of each group of strain sensors is 15 cm.

[0044] To improve the accuracy of acceleration measurement, at least three acceleration sensors 6 are provided, and each acceleration sensor 6 is arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tower 1003. In a specific embodiment, three acceleration sensors 6 are provided, and the distance between two adjacent acceleration sensors 6 along the axial direction is 30 cm.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present application, two earth pressure sensors 7 are provided and both are located on the side of the pile foundation 1004 facing the wind load, wherein one earth pressure sensor 7 is flush with the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough 902, and the other earth pressure sensor 7 is located in the middle of the part of the tower base buried in the lower sand settling trough 902. In the present application, the distance between the earth pressure sensor 7 located in the middle of the part of the tower base buried in the lower sand settling trough 902 and the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough 902 is 25 cm.

[0046] It is foreseeable that the vibration response of the wind turbine model 10 to the wind load will change the pore water pressure of the soil. Therefore, a pore water pressure sensor 8 is provided in the present application to measure the pore water pressure. Specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, four pore water pressure sensors 8 are provided, and two pore water pressure sensors 8 form a group. Two pore water pressure sensors 8 in the same group are arranged at intervals up and down, one group of pore water pressure sensors 8 is arranged close to the pile foundation 1004, and the other group of pore water pressure sensors 8 is arranged at a preset distance from the pile foundation 1004, and the preset distance is 25 cm. Furthermore, the distance between the upper one of the two pore water pressure sensors 8 in the same group and the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough 902 is equal to the distance between the two pore water pressure sensors 8 in the same group. In this case, the buried depths of the two pore water pressure sensors 8 in the same group, that is, the distances from the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough 902 are 25 cm and 50 cm, respectively, which respectively monitor the vertical and horizontal pore water pressure distributions when the wind turbine model 10 is working.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the present application, two groups of wave height sensors 5 are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the tower 1003 along the wind load direction, each group of wave height sensors 5 includes a plurality of wave height sensors 5, and the number of wave height sensors 5 included in each group of wave height sensors 5 is determined by the length of the upper water tank 901. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, each group of wave height sensors 5 includes four wave height sensors 5, and the distances between two adjacent wave height sensors 5 in the same group are equal.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the anemometer 2 includes a cobra anemometer 2. Specifically, a plurality of anemometers 2 are arranged at intervals perpendicular to the wind load direction and along the wind load direction. In the subsequent experimental data processing, the measurement results of each anemometer 2 are averaged as the final result.

[0049] In summary, the wind-wave-current model device provided in the present application includes the wind-wave-current model tank 9, wave height sensor 5, soil pressure sensor 7, and stress sensor 3 used in the water tank experiment, and also includes the anemometer 2 and displacement sensor 1 in the wind tunnel test. At the same time, it also draws on other wind turbine 1002 experiments, and adds a force sensor 3 between the wind turbine 1002 and the tower 1003 to measure and analyze the dynamic load response of the connecting section between the wind turbine 1002 and the tower 1003. At the same time, since the response of the wind turbine model 10 will change the pore water pressure of the soil, a pore water pressure sensor 8 is also provided to measure the pore water pressure, so that the influence of these factors on the integrated wind turbine 1002 can be considered from the aspects of soil, wave load, flow load and wind load as a whole, and the vibration response of the wind turbine 1002 in the working state can be accurately obtained, so as to provide guidance for the subsequent design and production of the wind turbine 1002, compress the safety margin as much as possible, and achieve the purpose of "reducing costs and increasing efficiency".

[0050] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0051] It should be understood that the use of "system", "device", "unit" and / or "module" in this application is only a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the word can be replaced by other expressions.

[0052] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0054] If a flow chart is used in the present application, the flow chart is used to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed accurately in order. On the contrary, each step can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations can be removed from these processes.

[0055] It should also be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such articles or devices. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the above elements.

[0056] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-wave flow model device suitable for a single-pile wind turbine integrated model test, characterized in that: include: A wind-wave-current model tank (9), the wind-wave-current model tank (9) comprising an upper water tank (901) and a lower sand settling tank (902); A wind turbine model (10), the wind turbine model (10) comprising wind turbine blades (1001), a wind turbine (1002), a tower (1003) and a pile foundation (1004), the wind turbine (1002), the tower (1003) and the pile foundation (1004) being connected in sequence from top to bottom, the pile foundation (1004) being partially buried in the lower sand settling tank (902), and the wind turbine blades (1001) being connected to the wind turbine (1002); Displacement sensors (1), two of the displacement sensors (1) being arranged respectively on one side of the wind turbine (1002) along the wind load and on a side perpendicular to the wind load, and used for measuring the two-directional displacement of the wind turbine (1002) when subjected to the wind load; A force sensor (3), the force sensor (3) being arranged between the wind turbine (1002) and the tower (1003) and being used to detect a dynamic response between the wind turbine blades (1001) and the tower (1003); Strain sensors, wherein the strain sensors are provided in a plurality of groups, each group of the strain sensors being arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the tower (1003) and the pile foundation (1004), and each group of the strain sensors comprising a plurality of the strain sensors being evenly spaced around the circumference; Acceleration sensors (6), wherein a plurality of the acceleration sensors (6) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on a side of the tower (1003) extending out of the water surface and facing the wind load: an earth pressure sensor (7), the earth pressure sensor (7) being arranged in the pile foundation (1004) and located at a portion of the pile foundation (1004) buried in the lower sand settling trough (902); Pore ​​water pressure sensors (8), a plurality of the pore water pressure sensors (8) are buried in the lower sand settling tank (902) and are located around the pile foundation (1004); Wave height sensors (5), a plurality of the wave height sensors (5) being arranged at intervals along the direction of water flow at positions where the edge of the upper water tank (901) is flush with the water surface; An anemometer (2), the anemometer (2) being arranged in the upper water tank (901) and located in front of the fan blades (1001) along the wind load direction.

2. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force sensor (3) is a strain-type six-axis force sensor (3).

3. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain sensors are stress strain gauges (4), and each group of the strain sensors comprises eight stress strain gauges (4).

4. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three acceleration sensors (6) are provided, and the acceleration sensors (6) are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tower (1003).

5. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two soil pressure sensors (7) are provided, one of which is flush with the soil surface in the lower sand settling trough (902), and the other soil pressure sensor (7) is located in the middle of the part of the tower base buried in the lower sand settling trough (902).

6. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four pore water pressure sensors (8) are provided, and the pore water pressure sensors (8) are arranged in pairs in a group. Two pore water pressure sensors (8) in the same group are arranged with an interval up and down, wherein one group of the pore water pressure sensors (8) is arranged adjacent to the pile foundation (1004), and the other group of the pore water pressure sensors (8) is arranged at a preset distance from the pile foundation (1004).

7. The wind wave current model device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the upper one of the two pore water pressure sensors (8) in the same group and the soil surface in the lower sand settling tank (902) is equal to the distance between the two pore water pressure sensors (8) in the same group.

8. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of the wave height sensors (5) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the tower (1003) along the wind load direction, and each group of the wave height sensors (5) includes a plurality of the wave height sensors (5).

9. The wind wave current model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anemometer (2) comprises a cobra anemometer (2).

10. The wind wave current model device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of anemometers (2) are arranged at intervals perpendicular to the wind load direction and along the wind load direction.

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