Design method and device of multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for designing a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a magnetic field sensing unit, a multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit and a singlechip intelligent switching system; the magnetic field sensing unit is used for testing a surrounding environment magnetic field to obtain a magnetic field signal; the multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit comprises at least three different feedback loops, and each feedback loop corresponds to one measuring range; and the single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system is used for automatically switching the used feedback loop according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, so that adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer is realized. Through the technical scheme of the invention, the single fluxgate magnetometer can adaptively switch multiple measuring ranges, and magnetometer equipment with multiple different measuring ranges does not need to be carried, so that the detection efficiency and the use convenience are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor design and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a design method and device for a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer. Background Art

[0002] In many fields of magnetic engineering technology, such as detection and identification of weak magnetic targets of UAVs and underwater vehicles, residual magnetism measurement of ferromagnetic objects, oil drilling, geological exploration, etc., high-precision fluxgate magnetometers of different ranges are needed to meet the needs of different magnetic field measurement ranges in different application fields. The magnetic field of a magnetic target decays according to the cube of the detection distance. When a fluxgate magnetometer is used to detect a magnetic target at close range, the target magnetic field is large and a large-range magnetometer is required. When detecting at long distances, the target magnetic field is small and a small-range magnetometer is required. Since the measurement accuracy of a large-range magnetometer is lower than that of a small-range magnetometer, in order to achieve high-precision measurement at different ranges, a single large-range magnetometer cannot be simply used to solve the problem of high-precision detection and identification.

[0003] The existing fluxgate magnetometer range is mostly ±100μT, which is mainly used in small-range applications such as geomagnetic field monitoring and long-distance detection. For close-range detection and identification of ferromagnetic targets such as cars, ships, tools, and oil well pipelines, a large-range fluxgate magnetometer is required with a measurement range of ±1mT. The detection process of magnetic targets is from far to near. To ensure high-precision detection, the magnetometer needs to switch the range adaptively. Otherwise, the operator needs to pay attention to the actual magnetic field measurement size in real time and change the product or range.

[0004] The magnetic field of a magnetic target decays as the cube of the detection distance. When a fluxgate magnetometer is used to detect a magnetic target at close range, the target magnetic field is large and a large-range magnetometer is required. When detecting at long distances, the target magnetic field is small and a small-range magnetometer is required. In a measurement process from far to near, magnetometers with multiple ranges are required at the same time.

[0005] 1. When using a traditional magnetometer, it is necessary to carry magnetometers with multiple ranges to meet the measurement needs at different distances. The technical solution of the present invention can solve the problem of different measurement ranges at different distances by using one magnetometer.

[0006] 2. Traditional magnetometers have no intelligent range switching system. First, with the rise of unmanned detection platforms, such as drones and unmanned aerial vehicles, multi-range compatible magnetometers can adapt to the test environment on unmanned platforms. Secondly, under other detection needs such as address exploration, the use of a single-range magnetometer test process requires operators to pay real-time attention to the magnetic field output value. When the magnetic field environment is complex, the environmental magnetic field value changes quickly and greatly, and a single-range magnetometer cannot work effectively. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a design method for a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer, comprising:

[0008] A magnetic field sensitive unit, a multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit and a single chip microcomputer intelligent switching system are provided;

[0009] The magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field to obtain a magnetic field signal;

[0010] The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range;

[0011] The single chip intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

[0012] In particular, the single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system includes: a data acquisition unit for acquiring magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal;

[0013] Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range;

[0014] An analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system.

[0015] In particular, the method also includes setting up a signal conditioning unit, which is used to amplify and filter the magnetic field signal obtained from the magnetic field sensitive unit to obtain a magnetic field voltage signal; and send the magnetic field voltage signal as the magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal to the data acquisition unit of the single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system.

[0016] In particular, when the data analysis and decision system determines that the magnetic field data reaches the saturation state of the current range, it controls the analog switch to switch to a feedback loop corresponding to a larger range of the next level.

[0017] In particular, when the data analysis and decision system determines that the magnetic field data is smaller than a lower range and greater than a threshold of a lower range, the data analysis and decision system controls the analog switch to switch to a feedback loop corresponding to the lower range.

[0018] In particular, the multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes three feedback loops corresponding to three ranges of ±100 μT, ±500 μT and ±1 mT respectively.

[0019] Particularly, the analog switch is an analog switch with a plurality of control channels to control switching of each feedback loop in the multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit.

[0020] In particular, the analog switches are three high and low level control analog switches, which can control 8 channels simultaneously.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer device, comprising:

[0022] The magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field to obtain the magnetic field signal;

[0023] The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range;

[0024] The single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

[0025] In particular, the single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system includes: a data acquisition unit for acquiring magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal;

[0026] Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range;

[0027] An analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] Through the technical solution of the present invention, a single fluxgate magnetometer can adaptively switch between multiple measuring ranges, without the need to carry multiple magnetometer devices with different ranges, thereby greatly improving detection efficiency and ease of use.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention solves the problem that the traditional single-range magnetometer cannot meet the high-precision detection requirements in complex application environments, and can adapt to the detection requirements of magnetic targets at different distances.

[0031] Through the technical solution of the present invention, the magnetometer can adaptively switch the measurement range on unmanned detection platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aircraft, etc., without manual intervention, thereby improving the reliability of automated detection.

[0032] Through the technical solution of the present invention, the measurement range of the magnetometer can be further refined according to actual application requirements, such as ±200μT, ±300μT, etc., to meet the needs of more complex and diverse detection scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural design of the multi-channel compatible fluxgate magnetometer system in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] The present invention provides a design method for a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the magnetic field sensitive unit and the signal conditioning unit are common circuit units of a traditional standard fluxgate magnetometer, wherein the magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field, and the signal conditioning unit is used to process the magnetic field voltage signal, and a single feedback loop is used to realize a single-range fluxgate magnetometer.

[0036] The present invention adopts a multi-channel negative feedback loop, which includes 00: feedback loop I, 01: feedback loop II, 10: feedback loop III, etc. Among them, feedback loop I realizes a range of ±100μT, feedback loop II realizes a range of ±500μT, and feedback loop III realizes a range of ±1mT.

[0037] The design method comprises: setting a magnetic field sensitive unit, a multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit and a single-chip intelligent switching system; the magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding environment magnetic field to obtain a magnetic field signal;

[0038] The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range;

[0039] The single chip intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

[0040] The single-chip intelligent switching system comprises: a data acquisition unit, used to collect magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal;

[0041] Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range;

[0042] An analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system.

[0043] The multi-range fluxgate magnetometer is designed with three channels, including ±100μT, ±500μT, and ±1mT, covering traditional small-range to maximum-range application scenarios. The feedback coefficient can also be further refined into more ranges according to actual application scenarios. When the data analysis and judgment system determines that the magnetic field data reaches the saturation state of the current range, it controls the analog switch to switch to the feedback loop corresponding to the next level of larger range.

[0044] When the data analysis and decision system determines that the magnetic field data is smaller than a lower range and larger than a threshold of a lower range, the analog switch is controlled to switch to a feedback loop corresponding to the lower range.

[0045] The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes three feedback loops corresponding to three measuring ranges of ±100 μT, ±500 μT and ±1 mT respectively.

[0046] The analog switch is an analog switch with multiple control channels to control the switching of each feedback loop in the multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit.

[0047] The analog switches are three high and low level control analog switches, which can control 8 channels simultaneously.

[0048] At the same time, data acquisition and single-chip computer control systems are added. Through real-time measurement and analysis of magnetic field data, when the magnetometer works normally in the small range of ±100μT, the output magnetic field reaches the saturation state of ±100μT, and automatically switches to the next large range of ±500μT; when the magnetometer works normally in the small range of ±500μT, the output magnetic field reaches the saturation state of ±500μT, and automatically switches to the next large range of ±1mT.

[0049] Similarly, when the magnetometer works normally in the large range of ±1mT, when the output magnetic field is less than ±500μT and greater than ±100μT, it automatically switches to ±500μT; when the output magnetic field is less than ±100μT, it automatically switches to ±100μT. Ultimately, the magnetometer can achieve high-precision real-time detection by intelligently switching the range in an environment with a large magnetic field measurement range.

[0050] The feedback loop can adjust the feedback coefficient according to the actual application and further refine it to ±200μT, ±300μT, etc., and accordingly, an analog switch with more control channel capabilities can be selected. For example, eight channels can be controlled simultaneously through three high and low level controlled analog switches, such as: 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111.

[0051] The method also includes setting a signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit is used to amplify and filter the magnetic field signal obtained from the magnetic field sensitive unit to obtain a magnetic field voltage signal; the magnetic field voltage signal is sent to the data acquisition unit of the single-chip intelligent switching system as the magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal. The single-chip intelligent switching system of this scheme realizes the switching of multi-channel negative feedback loops through analog switches, thereby realizing range switching. Alternative solutions include switching multi-channel negative feedback loops through switching methods of other electronic switches such as relays.

[0052] The present invention also discloses a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer device, comprising:

[0053] The magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field to obtain the magnetic field signal;

[0054] The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range;

[0055] The single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

[0056] The single-chip intelligent switching system comprises: a data acquisition unit, used to collect magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal;

[0057] Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range;

[0058] The analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system. This solution corresponds to the solution in the previous method embodiment, so it will not be repeated.

[0059] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the embodiments of the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units, modules or devices stated in the system, device or terminal claims can also be implemented by the same unit, module or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementation modes, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer, characterized in that: include: A magnetic field sensitive unit, a multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit and a single chip microcomputer intelligent switching system are provided; The magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field to obtain a magnetic field signal; The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range; The single chip intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

2. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-chip intelligent switching system comprises: a data acquisition unit, used to collect magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal; Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range; An analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system.

3. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method also includes setting up a signal conditioning unit, which is used to amplify and filter the magnetic field signal obtained from the magnetic field sensitive unit to obtain a magnetic field voltage signal; and send the magnetic field voltage signal as magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal to the data acquisition unit of the single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system.

4. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the data analysis and decision system determines that the magnetic field data reaches the saturation state of the current range, the data analysis and decision system controls the analog switch to switch to a feedback loop corresponding to a next-level larger range.

5. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the data analysis and decision system determines that the magnetic field data is smaller than a lower range and larger than a threshold of a lower range, the analog switch is controlled to switch to a feedback loop corresponding to the lower range.

6. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes three feedback loops corresponding to three measuring ranges of ±100 μT, ±500 μT and ±1 mT respectively.

7. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analog switch is an analog switch with multiple control channels to control the switching of each feedback loop in the multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit.

8. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer design method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The analog switches are three high and low level control analog switches, which can control 8 channels simultaneously.

9. A multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer device, comprising: The magnetic field sensitive unit is used to test the surrounding magnetic field to obtain the magnetic field signal; The multi-channel negative feedback circuit unit includes at least three different feedback loops, each feedback loop corresponding to a measurement range; The single-chip microcomputer intelligent switching system is used to automatically switch the feedback loop used according to the magnetic field signal measured in real time, thereby realizing adaptive switching of different ranges of the magnetometer.

10. The multi-range compatible fluxgate magnetometer device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The single-chip intelligent switching system comprises: a data acquisition unit, used to collect magnetic field data corresponding to the magnetic field signal; Data analysis and judgment system, used to analyze whether the collected magnetic field data has reached the saturation state of the current range; An analog switch is used to switch the feedback loop used under the control of the data analysis and decision system.

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