Provided is a technique for making two-dimensional magnetic measurement with high sensitivity possible at normal temperature in the
atmosphere. The
diamond crystal pertaining to the present invention is characterized by having an NV region including a complex (NV center) of
nitrogen substituted for a
carbon atom and a vacancy adjacent to the
nitrogen on or near the surface thereof, the NV region having a donor concentration equal to or greater than the concentration of the NV center, or the
crystal in the NV region being the (111) face or a face having an off angle no more than + / -10 degrees of the (111) face, and the principal axis of the NV center being a < 111 > axis orthogonal to the (111) face. Through such
a diamond crystal, substantially 100% of the NV center can be placed in a negatively charged state (NV-), the spin state of the NV- center can be aligned in one direction, and ODMR
signal peaks also become sharp. Through the
sensor array pertaining to the present invention, the NV center generated in the
diamond crystal can be maintained in the negatively charged state (NV-).