82results about How to "Improved signal-to-noise ratio performance" patented technology

An apparatus and method for optically inferring an absolute pose of a manipulated object in a real three-dimensional environment from on-board the object with the aid of an on-board optical measuring arrangement. At least one invariant feature located in the environment is used by the arrangement for inferring the absolute pose. The inferred absolute pose is expressed with absolute pose data (φ,θ,ψ,x,y,z) that represents Euler rotated object coordinates expressed in world coordinates (Xo,Yo,Zo) with respect to a reference location, such as, for example, the world origin. Other conventions for expressing absolute pose data in three-dimensional space and representing all six degrees of freedom (three translational degrees of freedom and three rotational degrees of freedom) are also supported. Irrespective of format, a processor prepares the absolute pose data and identifies a subset that may contain all or fewer than all absolute pose parameters. This subset is transmitted to an application via a communication link, where it is treated as input that allows a user of the manipulated object to interact with the application and its output.

The invention relates to an MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) microphone and pressure integration sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The sensor provided by the invention comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first substrate is provided with an induction film of a capacitance pressure sensing unit, a sensitive film of a microphone unit and a first bonding layer on the surface of the first substrate; the second substrate is provided with a dielectric layer between conductors, a conductor wiring layer positioned in the dielectric layer between the conductors and / or a second bonding layer on the surface of the second substrate; the second substrate and the first substrate are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected through the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer; and the patterns of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer correspond to each other and are conductive materials. In the MEMS microphone and pressure sensor and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention, the capacitance pressure sensing unit and the microphone unit through the two substrates, thus the sensor and method provided by the invention are suitable for chip structures produced in a large scale and integrated with various MEMS sensors, are beneficial to the compatibility with an integrated circuit process, have the advantages that the standardization of a manufacturing process and a packaging process is enhanced, the volumes of devices are small, the signal-to-noise ratio performance is excellent, and the interference resistance is high.

An approach for automatic Raman gain and tilt control for a WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) optical communication systems is disclosed. An optical fiber carries a plurality of optical signals, in which at least one of the optical signals are reference signals. An optical gain unit (e.g., Raman pump unit) couples to the optical fiber and adjusts the reference signals to compensate, in part, for losses associated with the optical fiber and gain tilt accumulation. Upon detecting and analyzing the reference signals, a controller controls the optical gain unit and outputs a control signal to the optical gain unit based upon the analyzed reference signals. An optical amplifier is connected to the optical fiber and amplifies the optical signals. The optical gain unit provides a nearly constant power per channel at an input of the optical amplifier. Under this approach, a Raman gain control mechanism, combined with the use of gain controlled EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier), allows high transmission capacity over ultra-long distances without optical regeneration and with high flexibility.

Methods of and apparatuses for optimizing quantization noise cancellation in multi-phase sampled MASH ADCs are disclosed. A test signal is combined with quantization noise produced by a delta-sigma modulator. Two parallel adaptive filters (i.e. even and odd filters) are configured to receive respective even and odd samples of a digital output signal of a MASH ADC analog modulator. Adaptive coefficients for the even adaptive filter are derived from correlation results between the even samples of the test signal and associated even samples of the final digital output signal. Similarly, adaptive coefficients for the odd adaptive filter are derived from correlation results between the odd samples of the test signal and associated odd samples of the final digital output signal. Using the adaptive coefficients, the even and odd adaptive filters are able to independently compensate for analog variations in the two paths. Fixed, slowly varying, and clock rate variations may all be tracked out using the methods and apparatus of the present invention.

Optical microneedles are adapted for near-infrared or mid-infrared in vivo spectroscopic sensing; and provide a MEMS-based spectrometer for continuous lactate and glucose monitoring by means of a near-infrared or mid-infrared optical microneedle array in a transdermal patch.

A patch panel and power distribution system is provided. The system generally includes a chassis, a connector assembly, a power supply and a controller. The connector assembly operates to connect first and second network transmission media. The power supply is adapted to supply output power to remotely located devices. The connector assembly and the power supply are each supported (at least in part) by the chassis, which is generally mounted with respect to a rack. The disclosed patch panel and power distribution system obviates the need to separately mount / locate a power supply and facilitates access to / maintenance of the overall system. Accessory features and functionalities are associated with the disclosed patch panel and power distribution system, e.g., common mode chokes for introduction of DC power to data communication lines and light emitting diodes (LEDs) for indicating the power-related status of one or more ports associated with the patch panel. The disclosed patch panel and power distribution system is advantageously compliant with IEEE 802.3af and TIA / EIA 568B.1-6 standards.

An apparatus for scatterometry measurements is disclosed. The apparatus includes a modulated pump source for exciting the sample. A separate probe beam is directed to interact with the sample and the modulated optical response is measured. The measured data is subjected to a scatterometry analysis in order to evaluate geometrical sample features that induce light scattering.

An apparatus / system for use in coupling power from a power supply to a device over a network transmission medium is provided. The coupling apparatus / system generally includes one or more common mode chokes that feature a first winding and a second winding, the first winding being electrically connected between the first terminal of the power supply and the first electrical conductor of the network transmission medium, and the second winding being coupled between the first terminal of the power supply and the first electrical conductor of the network transmission medium. The common mode choke generally includes at least one core for coupling the first and second windings of the one or more common mode chokes. An RJ45 to 110 IDC modular connector may be connected to a printed circuit board used to transfer high speed signals for telecommunication interface media connections. The printed circuit board is configured to help reduce near-end crosstalk (NEXT) without compromising impedance. DC power is coupled upon the signal line by utilizing a wideband high impedance common mode choke design.

This invention has two synergistic elements for simultaneous use in point-of-care or field analyses of diverse substances important to clinical medicine and other applications. The first element is a sample holder in which are stored the several reagents need for quantification of target molecules. The onboard storage of reagents in a water soluble plastic obviates the need for purchase, storage, measuring and mixing of the required reagents prior to analyses. The second part of the invention is a compact hand-held analyzer made of modern miniature optical components, into which the holder is inserted right after it is loaded with a sample by capillary action. The combination of the holder and analyzer permits analyses that are ten times faster than those done with current analyzers, and equally accurate. Analyses can be performed by diverse people, who require only a few minutes of training in the use of the entire invention.

A receiver for detecting the presence of FM-CW signals emanating from a radio altimeter, and for determining the identity of the source. The received signals are amplified and applied both directly and through a delay circuit to a mixer. The delay is such that the resulting difference signal from the mixer is a low frequency signal in the audio frequency range. This signal is filtered, converted to digital values, and processed by fast Fourier transform techniques. Once processed, the spectral content of the difference signal is analyzed to determine if the signal originated from an airborne altimeter. Characteristics of the original signal modulation are also analyzed to ascertain the identity of the altimeter and its transporting aircraft.

The cost and size of an atomic magnetometer are reduced by attaching together a first die which integrates together a vapor cell, top and side photo detectors, and processing electronics, a second die which integrates together an optics package and a heater for the vapor cell, and a third die which integrates together a VCSEL, a heater for the VCSEL, and control electronics.

A plasmon resonance sensing system includes a light source, a waveguide component and a photon detector. The light source provides an incident light. The waveguide component has a tubular internal wall and a noble metal nanoparticle layer disposed on the tubular internal wall and contacted with a desired testing matter. The waveguide component is made of a light transmitting material for guiding the incident light to have an interaction with the noble metal nanoparticle layer. The photon detector detects an emergent light exiting the waveguide component after the interaction of the noble metal nanoparticle layer with the desired testing matter. The system further includes a first optical fiber installed between the light source and the waveguide component for transmitting the incident light to the waveguide component, a lens and a second optical fiber. The lens collects and transmits the emergent light to the photon detector through the second optical fiber.

Devices, systems, and methods determine the health of oral objects by providing objective measurements using a detachable probe body. The detachable probe body may isolate reusable system components (including an electromagnetic signal detection, signal transmission, energy generation, and or energy transmitting components) from the oral cavity, optionally by encasing at least a portion of one or more of these components in a sheath or the like. A window of the probe body maintains sterile isolation and transmits electromagnetic energy to and / or signals from the oral object. Accuracy can be enhanced by a clamp or other structure for engaging a surface of the oral object so as to maintain a fixed alignment between the signal receiver and the oral object.

Devices, systems, and methods determine the health of oral objects by providing objective measurements using a detachable probe body. The detachable probe body may isolate reusable system components (including an electromagnetic signal detection, signal transmission, energy generation, and or energy transmitting components) from the oral cavity, optionally by encasing at least a portion of one or more of these components in a sheath or the like. A window of the probe body maintains sterile isolation and transmits electromagnetic energy to and or signals from the oral object. Accuracy can be enhanced by a clamp or other structure for engaging a surface of the oral object so as to maintain a fixed alignment between the signal receiver and the oral object.

The invention discloses a China Mobile 4G full band absorbing material, and a preparation method and application thereof. A composite auxiliary agent of a silane coupling agent and a stearate surfactant is added to a carbonyl iron powder, and a high-energy ball milling process is carried out to prepare a sheet-shape carbonyl iron powder absorbing material with excellent impedance matching performance. The material can meet the following requirements: in the frequency range from 1 to 18 GHz, an absorbing coating has thickness of less than or equal to 2mm; the absorbing material has -8dB absorption bandwidth reaching 1.5GHz (1.3-2.8GHz), which completely covers the whole band of China Mobile 4G (1.8GHz-2.8GHz); the proportion of the silane coupling agent and stearate can be adjusted to obtain proper sheet structure and size, thus changing the relationship between the complex permittivity and complex permeability to reach impedance matching, and then adjusting the absorption peak position. The material achieves the purpose of selecting absorption interference noise at three arbitrary main frequencies of China Mobile 4G and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the base station and mobile terminal.

A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) microphone and a forming method therefore. The MEMS microphone comprises: a first substrate, the first substrate is provided with a first bonding face, the first substrate comprises an MEMS microphone component and a first conductive bonding structure arranged on the first bonding face, a second substrate, the second substrate is provided with a second bonding face, the second bonding substrate comprises a circuit and a second conductive bonding structure arranged on the second bonding face; the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely fitted together via the first conductive bonding structure and the second conductive bonding structure. Embodiments of the present invention have a simple packaging technique and a compact size; the MEMS microphone packaging structure formed has a great performance on signal-to-noise ratio, and a great anti-interference capability

Reference signal generators are provided that automatically adjusts a reference signal's amplitude when that signal is delivered into system loads having unknown capacitances. The amplitude is preferably initiated at a maximum amplitude to insure operation of system elements that require the reference signal. It is subsequently adjusted downward to a controlled reference amplitude which is predetermined to be an amplitude sufficient to sustain proper operation of the system elements but sufficiently reduced to minimize the spurious signals typically generated by fast high-level current transitions. In addition, the reduction to the controlled amplitude reduces the system current drain. The level control is realized in a buffer amplifier so that the amplitude level of an oscillator signal can be set independently to maximize its signal-to-noise performance. Accordingly, requirements for the reference amplitude do not compromise requirements for the amplitude level of the oscillator signal.

A touch controller can dynamically balance performance criteria, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds, with power consumption for touch sensitive devices. A touch controller can be configured to reduce power consumption by reconfiguring bank boundaries for an active mode scan so as to reduce the number of banks scanned with a banked active mode scan. Additionally or alternatively, the stimulation signal amplitude and integration time of the touch controller can be dynamically adjusted to balance performance criteria with power consumption. Default integration times and default stimulation signal amplitudes can be increased in higher-noise operating environments to raise SNR, and can be reduced to save power in lower-noise operating environments. Additionally or alternatively, the touch scanning rate of the touch controller can be dynamically adjusted to reduce power consumption of the touch sensitive device or to reallocate touch sensing frames to increase integration times and thereby SNR performance.

The invention relates to a method for processing a beam forming robustness signal on a relay end of a bi-direction multi-relay system, and the method comprises the following steps that a pair of primary users and a pair of secondary users exchange information through a plurality of relays, all clients transmit a training sequence to the relays, and the relays estimate signal channels to obtain an estimated channel between the client and the relay; the relays transmit the training sequence to the clients, and the client estimates the channel to obtain an estimated channel between the relay and the client; a central processor calculates a precode of the relay end according to the state information of the obtained channel; all clients simultaneously transmit a signal to the relays, and the relays receive the signal; each relay node linearly processes the received signal to obtain a transmission signal of the relay and broadcast the transmission signal to the client; and all clients detect the received signals to obtain estimated transmission signal. Due to the adoption of the method, the channel capacity is increased, the interference on the primary users can be controlled, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the secondary users can be maximized.

The invention discloses an implement system of an access network for loading all information business of resident users, which comprises a main unit, an expansion unit and a remote end unit. The invention further discloses an implement method of the access network for bearing all the information business of the resident users, which comprises the following steps: jointing and combining one or more than one kinds of signals which are sent by an information source, transmitting the signals to one or more than one remote ends through optical fiber after converting the signals into light signal branching, carrying out the electric-to-optical conversion to the light signals which are respectively received by each of the remote ends, radiating the signals to a user end through an antenna, transmitting the light signals through the optical fiber after respectively carrying out the electric-to-optical conversion to electrical signals which are received through the antenna by each of the remote ends, respectively converting the received light signals into the electrical signals, transmitting the electrical signals through dividing the signals into business RF electrical signals in different frequency ranges after integrating the electrical signals into the electrical signals. With the invention, the functions of accessing and exiting all types of user information business and the loading transmission function can be realized in resident areas only through building a physical network.

An infrared detector including an array of detection bolometers each having a bolometric membrane suspended above a substrate, and associated with each bolometer: a detection branch, including the bolometer and a circuit performing a biasing according to a voltage set point, a compensation branch, including a compensation bolometer thermalized to the substrate, a circuit performing a biasing according to a voltage set point, an integrator for generating a voltage by integrating a difference between the currents flowing through said branches, a circuit generating a quantity depending on substrate temperature, including: a bolometer thermalized to the substrate, and a circuit for biasing the bolometer, and a circuit for generating the voltage set points according to said quantity. When the array is exposed to a uniform reference scene, the average of the differences between currents flowing through said branches is within the integrator dynamic range for a substrate temperature range from −30° C.-90° C.

A time multiplex arrangement for presenting multiple samples to a single channel of NMR excitation / data acquisition includes means for rapid exchange of physical position between plural samples or sample portions from the measurement volume of the NMR instrument while said samples remain in a substantially the same homogeneous magnetic field. While a delay is imposed upon time evolution or relaxation of an NMR excited sample outside the sensitive volume of an RF resonator, another sample is actively excited within said RF resonator whereby the steps of NMR measurement are overlapped between at least two samples.

The invention belongs to the technical field of radar weak signal detection and particularly relates to a phase-coherent accumulation detecting method capable of revising first-order and second-order range migration at the same time. The method comprises the steps that echo signals are subjected to Fourier transform in a quick time domain, and a quick time frequency domain echo signal expression with only first-order range walking and second-order range curvature considered is obtained; through second-order keystone transform, the quick time frequency domain echo signal expression with only first-order range walking and second-order range curvature considered is subjected to second-order range curvature revising, and echo signals of a two-dimensional time domain obtained after second-order range curvature revising are obtained; through Hough transform, the echo signals of the two-dimensional time domain obtained after second-order range curvature revising are subjected to first-order range walking revising, and echo signals of time domains obtained after two-time range revising are obtained; and the echo signals of the time domains obtained after two-time range revising are subjected to pulse compression and phase-coherent accumulation detecting.

A high-performance single-chip, integrated-optics-based OCT system is disclosed, where the length of the reference arm is digitally variable. The reference arm includes a plurality of switch stages comprising a 2×2 tunable wavelength-independent waveguide switch that can direct an input light signal onto either of two different-length output waveguides. In some embodiments, the directional couplers are thermo-optic based. Some embodiments include a solid-state scanning system for scanning a sample signal along a line of object points on the sample under test.