Dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on a dual-mode communication technology, and belongs to the technical field of electric power. A beacon frame between the CCO module and the STA module is utilized, a broadcast timing command sent by the master station to an electric meter through a concentrator is synthesized, and synchronization of an STA module clock and a master station clock is achieved. And the STA after clock synchronization updates the clock in real time through a software timer, reads a specified real-time data item from the electricity meter and stores response content and a timestamp of the data item. The STA module judges a downlink reading protocol type after receiving a concentrator timing freezing data reading command or a load recording data reading command, searches storage data at a corresponding time point, constructs an uplink timing freezing data or load curve data response message according to the downlink reading protocol type, and responds the storage data to the concentrator. The method is simple in field operation, low in cost and high in field application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electric power technology, and in particular relates to a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology. Background Art

[0002] The replacement cycle of smart meters is about 8-10 years. Most of the built-in batteries of the 2009 version of electric energy meters that have been running for a long time are already in a state of low power. Once the line is out of power, the clock circuit of the battery-powered electric energy meter cannot operate normally, resulting in the inability to initialize the clock after the power is restored, resulting in clock deviation. The clock deviation of the electric energy meter will have two effects: first, the meter data is not frozen or the frozen data value is biased; second: if the electricity price adopts the time-sharing and segmented billing mode, the meter clock error will cause the peak, flat and valley time periods to be misaligned, affecting the accuracy of electricity bill settlement.

[0003] With the continuous development of the in-depth application of the intelligent electricity information collection system, the application requirements such as the assessment and calculation of line loss in the substation area and the promotion of time-of-use tariffs have put forward higher requirements for the time accuracy of the energy meter. The abnormality of the smart energy meter clock not only makes it impossible to effectively control the line loss rate in the substation area, affects the operation assessment of the substation area and damages the economic benefits of the power supply company; it also affects the customer's electricity settlement and electricity fee deduction, forming an accumulated electricity deviation due to non-human reasons, causing data abnormalities when customers inquire about electricity fees, affecting the normal collection of electricity fees, and causing customer complaints and service risks. Therefore, the power grid company urgently needs a soft clock meter reading technology that can freeze the meter data without relying on the meter clock.

[0004] Dual-mode communication technology is an upgrade of HPLC single-carrier communication technology and is the most critical communication technology in the low-voltage power grid field. In the future, all local communication modules in the intelligent electricity information collection system within the State Grid will be equipped with dual-mode communication devices, but there is no soft clock meter reading mechanism based on dual-mode communication technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Generally speaking, the service life of smart meters for residential users is 8-10 years. However, in actual application, due to factors such as high cost of replacing meters and large workload of manual replacement, the replacement of smart meters is progressing very slowly. At present, there are still hundreds of millions of 09 version electricity meters running beyond their service life on site. These meters that have exceeded their service life have abnormal clocks due to insufficient clock battery power, which in turn affects the success rate of electricity information collection and line loss rate. If such abnormal clock electricity meters appear in large quantities in the substation area, the only existing solution is to replace the electricity meters. At present, the State Grid's bidding price for single-phase smart meters is about 200 yuan, and for three-phase meters is about 500 yuan, while the price of the dual-mode communication module bid by the State Grid is only 50 yuan. At the same time, with the progress of meter rotation, there are mixed installations of 09-edition meters and meters that meet the general technical specifications of smart meters (2020 edition) (referred to as 20-edition meters) in some substations. At the same time, the upgrade and promotion of the 2.0 system master station of the power grid company adopts the DL\T698 protocol for reading meters in the substations. The 09-edition meters do not support the DL\T698 protocol, and there are different readings. The communication module is embedded in the smart meter, which is easy to install and plug and play. The workload of manual replacement is greatly reduced, and it can automatically adapt to the reading protocol issued by the master station, supporting the reading of frozen data and curve data of the DL\T645 protocol and the DL\T698 protocol. Compared with replacing the energy meter, the use of a dual-mode communication module with a soft clock meter reading mechanism is more conducive to on-site promotion and has higher economic benefits.

[0008] With the continuous advancement of the construction of the electricity information collection system, the communication technology used in the automatic reading technology of smart meter data has been continuously evolving. At present, the research on dual-mode communication technology has matured. The State Grid has promulgated the corresponding communication standards and will start large-scale bidding for dual-mode communication modules in the future. The dual-mode communication module is embedded in the smart meter. On the basis of the link layer protocol of HPLC, the networking routing mechanism of the HRF channel is added to support the two channels to route each other and form a network. For the general STA module, after receiving the freeze data reading or curve data reading command issued by the CCO, the command is directly transmitted to the meter, and the data is returned to the CCO after the meter responds to the data to achieve the purpose of low-voltage power line data collection. For a large number of 09-version electric energy meters that have been running for more than the service life on site, the meter clock is abnormal due to battery undervoltage, resulting in the meter being unable to perform daily freezing or responding to the daily freezing data error, which ultimately causes the daily freezing of the entire area to be missing and the line loss rate is high. On the other hand, because the 09 version of the electric energy meter does not support the DL\T645 load curve reading command and the DL\T698 protocol meter reading command, the master station cannot obtain the power load curve information of the electric energy meter. This technical shortcoming cannot meet the needs of further deepening the application of low-voltage power line acquisition. The dual-protocol soft clock meter reading mechanism proposed in this invention can well solve these two problems. The HPLC+HRF technology dual-mode technical standard with independent intellectual property rights of the State Grid has been officially released in 2020. This patent is based on the State Grid dual-mode technical standard and proposes a dual-protocol software meter reading mechanism. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:

[0009] A dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology includes the following steps, and the following steps are performed in sequence:

[0010] Step 1: Synchronize the STA (station) module with the concentrator clock

[0011] Step 2: STA's own clock maintenance

[0012] STA preferentially uses the perpetual calendar time in the beacon extension domain as its own soft clock. If it has never received a perpetual calendar beacon or has not received a perpetual calendar beacon for more than 12 hours, it uses the broadcast time synchronization clock as its own soft clock. STA ensures that it can synchronize with the concentrator clock by complementing the beacon perpetual calendar and broadcast time synchronization commands. After completing clock synchronization, STA maintains the local soft clock through its own crystal ticks. STA also needs to periodically read the energy meter clock, calculate and power off the storage of the difference between the energy meter clock and the local soft clock. If STA is reset and restarted, it can restore the module local soft clock by reading the energy meter clock and based on the difference to ensure the continuity of the STA clock after reset.

[0013] Step 3: STA real-time data acquisition

[0014] After STA obtains the concentrator clock, it starts the software timer through its own crystal ticking to update the clock in seconds to ensure that the clock is continuously synchronized with the concentrator clock, and reads the specified real-time data items from the meter at 0min, 15min, 30min, and 45min every hour, and saves the response content and timestamp information of the data item to the FLASH memory (Flash Memory non-volatile memory); STA estimates the size of the storage space according to the length of the response content corresponding to the data collected at each time point and reserves FLASH space; in order to meet the needs of field applications, FLASH needs to store at least 5 days of data. After all the reserved FLASH data is used up, the latest data to be written will overwrite the earliest data, thereby achieving the purpose of circular storage;

[0015] The 09 version of the electric energy meter only supports DL\T645 protocol reading. In order to save reading time and storage space, all real-time data are read in data blocks first. After receiving the reading response from the meter, STA also stores the data and timestamp in data blocks. If the corresponding data block reading meter has no response or the response is a denial frame, STA will continue to copy the corresponding phase data identifier of the data block after reading all the data blocks to ensure that all real-time data can be collected successfully;

[0016] Step 4: STA freeze data and read curve data

[0017] Different from the common STA module that directly forwards the meter reading command of the concentrator to the meter, the STA that supports the dual-protocol soft clock meter reading mechanism needs to parse the content of the data field to extract the reading data identifier and reading time point information after receiving the meter reading command of the carrier application layer, and then find the data content corresponding to the reading data identifier and reading time point from the flash, and construct an uplink message to reply to the concentrator. At this time, the data obtained by the concentrator comes from the STA module. Because the STA clock is strictly synchronized with the concentrator clock, the real-time data of the meter read by the STA at the specified time can ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0018] Further, step 1: for the station area that supports the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the CCO (central coordinator) module sends the AFN14F2 request concentrator clock uplink command to the concentrator after power-on, and waits for the concentrator to respond to the clock. The CCO maintains the clock and periodically requests the concentrator clock to ensure that the clock is synchronized with the concentrator. After the CCO and the concentrator achieve clock synchronization, the CCO fills the time into the carrier beacon frame extension field, and the STA obtains the clock information through the received beacon frame to complete the clock synchronization.

[0019] Further, step 1: for the station area that does not support the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the master station is required to send a broadcast time synchronization command to the concentrator at 23:50 every day according to the current master station clock. The concentrator forwards the broadcast time synchronization command to the CCO. After receiving the command, the CCO sends a synchronization message to the STA in the entire network via broadcast. The STA that receives the synchronization message obtains the clock information according to the clock in the message to complete the clock synchronization.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 4, STA freezing data and curve data reading specifically include the following steps:

[0021] Step 4-1: Concentrator downstream meter reading command parsing and protocol conversion

[0022] Step 4-1-1: The concentrator's downstream meter reading command is a DL\T645 protocol message. STA parses the message to extract the data identifier. If the data identifier is the last settlement day or the last timed frozen data, STA converts the specific data freezing time according to the current clock. STA searches for the actual data stored at this time point in the FLASH and converts it into frozen data to reply to the concentrator. If the data identifier is the load record data for a given time block, the corresponding real-time data is directly searched according to the time given in the message as the load record data to reply to the concentrator.

[0023] Step 4-1-2: The concentrator's downstream meter reading command is DL\T698 protocol. You need to convert the DL\T698 protocol data identifier into DL\T645 protocol data identifier first, and then process it according to the DL\T645 protocol process after the conversion is completed;

[0024] Step 4-2: Query STA storage real-time data at a specified time point

[0025] STA uses 4K FLASH space as a block to store curve data. Each block consists of a block header Flash_4K_Area structure and several block content Grpah_Data_s structures. The block header indicates the relevant information of the 4K data storage block, and the block content records the curve data of different data items at each time point. When there is no space in the current block to continue to store data, the timestamp of the last real-time data is written into the block header Flash_4K_Area structure.

[0026] In order to obtain the real-time data at a specified time point stored in FLASH, STA traverses the entire FLASH storage space with 4K as a block, and queries the block with the largest time, that is, the closest to the specified time, among all 4K blocks that are less than or equal to the specified time according to the timestamp of the block header structure Flash_4K_Area; after obtaining the location information of the block, STA traverses the 4K data block again to find the data with a storage time equal to the specified time in the block, and determines whether the data content meets the requirements through CRC check. If the requirements are met, it is considered that the query of the real-time data at the specified time point is successful, and the data can be returned to CCO as frozen data or load curve data.

[0027] Step 4-3: Construct an uplink response frame reply message to the concentrator

[0028] After finding the real-time data at the specified time point, STA needs to convert the real-time data into frozen data or load curve data. According to the meter reading protocol type sent by the concentrator, STA first converts the DL\T645 real-time data identifier into DL\T645 / DL\T698 frozen data or load curve data items, and then constructs a DL\T645 / DL\T698 protocol uplink response message, and responds the message to the concentrator, so as to replace the meter frozen data with real-time data, thereby ensuring that the concentrator can obtain the meter frozen data and load curve data in the case of meter clock abnormality, thereby improving the meter reading success rate and reducing the line loss rate.

[0029] The dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention has the following advantages: the on-site pilot results of the substation area show that after replacing the dual-mode module with the soft clock meter reading function, the daily freezing success rate of the substation area is significantly improved, the line loss rate is significantly reduced and reaches the assessment index, and the technology can solve the problem caused by the clock error of the 09 version of the electric energy meter when only the communication module of the electric meter is replaced, and can also support the DL\T698 protocol to read the frozen data and load curve data, and realize the support of the DL\T698 protocol without replacing the electric meter, and can better be compatible with the master station reading system in the substation area where the DL\T645 protocol and DL\T698 protocol electric meters are mixed. The on-site operation is simple, the cost is low, and it has a high on-site application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a perpetual calendar clock synchronization method of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology.

[0031] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of broadcast time correction clock synchronization in mode 2 of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology.

[0032] Figure 3This is a flow chart of step 2 of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of step 3 of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of step 4 of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of step 4-2 of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following is a further detailed description of a dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As time goes by, the 2009 version of electricity meters installed earlier have reached the 8-year rotation period. At present, there are still a large number of 2009 version electricity meters on site that are running beyond their service life. These electricity meters are at risk of insufficient power supply from the built-in batteries. Insufficient battery power will cause abnormalities in the clock circuit of the electricity meter, resulting in inaccurate meter time or inability to complete daily data freezing, which will lead to high line loss rates in the substation area and errors in time-sharing and segmented electricity price billing. These problems will not only affect the operation assessment of the power grid company, but also affect the accuracy of electricity bill settlement, trigger customer complaints, and create service risks.

[0038] At present, the standards for broadband carrier communication technology (HPLC) and wireless (RF) dual-mode communication technology have been officially released. The subsequent bidding and centralized procurement of local communication modules within the scope of the State Grid will be based on dual-mode communication modules. Therefore, this patent proposes a soft clock meter reading mechanism based on dual-mode communication technology. Its core idea is to use the beacon frame between the CCO module (concentrator communication module) and the STA module (electricity meter communication module), and integrate the broadcast time calibration command sent by the master station to the meter through the concentrator to achieve synchronization between the STA module clock and the master station clock. After clock synchronization is achieved, the STA updates the clock in real time through a software timer, and reads the specified real-time data items from the meter at 0min, 15min, 30min, and 45min every hour, and saves the response content and timestamp of the data item. After receiving the command of the concentrator to freeze the data or read the load record data, the STA module determines whether the downlink reading protocol type is DL\T645 or DL\T698, searches for the stored data at the corresponding time point, and then constructs the uplink timed freezing data or load curve data response message according to the downlink reading protocol type, and responds the stored data to the concentrator, thereby automatically adapting to the meter type set by the master station to ensure the accuracy of the data collected by the concentrator. The results of the on-site pilot area show that after replacing the dual-mode module with the soft clock meter reading function, the daily freezing success rate of the area is significantly improved, the line loss rate is significantly reduced and reaches the assessment index. This technology can solve the problem caused by the clock error of the 09 version of the electric energy meter by only replacing the meter communication module. At the same time, it can also support the DL\T698 protocol to read the frozen data and load curve data, and realize the support of the DL\T698 protocol without replacing the meter. In the area where the DL\T645 protocol and DL\T698 protocol meters are mixed, it can be better compatible with the master station reading system. The on-site operation is simple, the cost is low, and it has a high on-site application value.

[0039] The present invention proposes a dual-protocol software meter reading mechanism based on the State Grid dual-mode technical standard. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Synchronize the STA module with the concentrator clock

[0041] According to existing technologies, there are two ways to achieve this synchronization:

[0042] Method 1 (such as Figure 1 As shown), for the station area that supports the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the CCO module sends the AFN14F2 request concentrator clock uplink command to the concentrator after power-on, waiting for the concentrator to respond to the clock. The CCO maintains the clock and periodically requests the concentrator clock to ensure that the clock is synchronized with the concentrator. After the CCO and the concentrator achieve clock synchronization, the CCO fills the time into the carrier beacon frame extension field. The STA obtains the clock information through the received beacon frame to complete the clock synchronization;

[0043] Method 2 (such as Figure 2 As shown), for the station area that does not support the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the master station is required to send a broadcast time synchronization command to the concentrator at 23:50 every day according to the current master station clock. The concentrator forwards the broadcast time synchronization command to the CCO. After receiving the command, the CCO sends a synchronization message to the STAs in the entire network by broadcasting. The STAs that receive the synchronization message obtain the clock information according to the clock in the message and complete the clock synchronization.

[0044] Step 2: STA's own clock maintenance (such as Figure 3 (shown)

[0045] STA gives priority to using the perpetual calendar time of the beacon extension domain as its own soft clock. If it has not received a perpetual calendar beacon or has not received a perpetual calendar beacon for more than 12 hours, it will use the broadcast time synchronization clock as its own soft clock. STA ensures that it can synchronize with the concentrator clock by complementing the beacon perpetual calendar and broadcast time synchronization commands. After completing clock synchronization, STA maintains the local soft clock through its own crystal ticks. STA also needs to read the energy meter clock periodically, calculate and power off and store the difference between the energy meter clock and the local soft clock. If STA is reset and restarted, it can restore the module's local soft clock by reading the energy meter clock and based on the difference, ensuring the continuity of the STA clock after reset;

[0046] Step 3: STA real-time data acquisition (such as Figure 4 (shown)

[0047] After STA obtains the concentrator clock, it starts the software timer through its own crystal ticking to update the clock in seconds to ensure that the clock continues to be synchronized with the concentrator clock, and reads the specified real-time data items from the meter at 0min, 15min, 30min, and 45min every hour, and saves the response content and timestamp information of the data item to FLASH. STA estimates the size of the storage space and reserves FLASH space based on the length of the response content corresponding to the data collected at each time point. In order to meet the needs of field applications, FLASH needs to store at least 5 days of data. After all the reserved FLASH data is used up, the latest data to be written will overwrite the earliest data, thereby achieving the purpose of circular storage.

[0048] The 09 version of the energy meter only supports DL\T645 protocol reading. In order to save reading time and storage space, all real-time data are read in data blocks first. After receiving the reading response from the meter, STA also stores the data and timestamp in data blocks. If the corresponding data block reading meter has no response or response denial frame, STA will continue to copy the corresponding phase data identification of the data block after reading all the data blocks to ensure that all real-time data can be collected successfully. For example: if the module reads the voltage data block meter and has no response or response denial frame, it will continue to read the A phase voltage, B phase voltage, and C phase voltage. The data blocks and corresponding supplementary data identifications read by STA every 15 minutes are shown in Table 1 below:

[0049] Table 1.

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] As can be seen from Table 1, by giving priority to reading data blocks, the number of interactions between STA and the meter is reduced from 28 to 7 times every 15 minutes. Based on the calculation that each interaction takes 2 seconds, at least 40 seconds can be saved. At the same time, the number of timestamp records is reduced from 28 to 7. Each timestamp requires at least 4 bytes of storage space in the flash. Only one 15-minute data storage timestamp can save 84 bytes of space. This processing method can maximize the storage capacity of 15-minute data when the STA hardware FLASH space is limited, and also reserve space for subsequent STAs to support more data items.

[0053] Step 4: STA freezes data and reads curve data: Different from the common STA module that directly forwards the meter reading command of the concentrator to the meter, the STA that supports the dual-protocol soft clock meter reading mechanism needs to parse the content of the data field to extract the reading data identifier and reading time point information after receiving the meter reading command of the carrier application layer, and then find the corresponding time and corresponding data identifier content from the flash to construct an uplink message response to the concentrator. At this time, the data obtained by the concentrator comes from the STA module. Because the STA clock is strictly synchronized with the concentrator clock, the real-time data of the meter read by the STA at the specified time can ensure the accuracy of the data. STA freezes data and reads curve data through the following three steps:

[0054] Step 4-1: Concentrator downlink meter reading command parsing, protocol conversion (such as Figure 5 (shown)

[0055] 1) The downlink meter reading command of the concentrator is a DL\T645 protocol message. The STA parses the message to extract the data identifier. If the data identifier is the last settlement day or the last timed frozen data, the STA converts the specific data freezing time according to the current clock. For example, the STA soft clock time is 8:05 on January 12, 2024. After receiving the last settlement day or the last timed frozen data reading message, the STA calculates that the data freezing time of the current meter reading message is 0:00 on January 12, 2024. The STA searches for the actual data stored at this time point in the FLASH and converts it into frozen data to reply to the concentrator. If the data identifier is the load record data of a given time block, the corresponding real-time data is directly searched according to the time given in the message as the load record data to reply to the concentrator;

[0056] 2) The downstream meter reading command of the concentrator is DL\T698 protocol. Since the 09 version of the electric energy meter does not support DL\T698 protocol, it is necessary to convert the DL\T698 protocol data identifier into DL\T645 protocol data identifier first, and then process it according to the DL\T645 protocol process after the conversion is completed.

[0057] The STA converts the DL\T698 protocol data identifier to the DL\T645 protocol data identifier according to the corresponding method in Table 2 below:

[0058] Table 2.

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Step 4-2: Query the real-time data stored in STA at a specified time point (such as Figure 6 (shown)

[0063] STA uses 4KFLASH space as a block to store curve data. Each block consists of a block header Flash_4K_Area structure and several block content Grpah_Data_s structures. The block header indicates the relevant information of the 4K data storage block, and the block content records the curve data of different data items at each time point. When there is no space in the current block to continue to store data, the timestamp of the last real-time data is written into the block header Flash_4K_Area structure.

[0064] In order to obtain the real-time data at a specified time point stored in FLASH, STA traverses the entire FLASH storage space with 4K as a block, and queries the block with the largest time, that is, the closest to the specified time, among all 4K blocks that are less than or equal to the specified time according to the timestamp of the block header structure Flash_4K_Area. After obtaining the location information of the block, STA traverses the 4K data block again to find the data in the block with a storage time equal to the specified time, and uses CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check: Cyclic Redundancy Check Code) to determine whether the data content meets the requirements. If the requirements are met, it is considered that the query of the real-time data at the specified time point is successful, and the data can be returned to CCO as frozen data or load curve data.

[0065] Step 4-3: Construct an uplink response frame reply message to the concentrator: After finding the real-time data at the specified time point, the STA needs to convert the real-time data into frozen data or load curve data. According to the meter reading protocol type sent by the concentrator, the STA first converts the DL\T645 real-time data identifier into DL\T645 / DL\T698 frozen data or load curve data items, and then constructs a DL\T645 / DL\T698 protocol uplink response message, and responds the message to the concentrator, so as to replace the meter frozen data with real-time data, thereby ensuring that in the case of meter clock abnormality, the concentrator can obtain the meter frozen data and load curve data, improve the meter reading success rate, and reduce the line loss rate.

[0066] Embodiment 1:

[0067] In order to verify the feasibility of the soft clock meter reading mechanism, with the support of Changchun Power Supply Company, a residential electricity meter area was selected in Changchun Chaoyang Power Supply Branch for performance testing. There were 319 electricity meter files in the community (including 5 DL\T698 meters, 45 13-edition electricity meters, and 269 09-edition electricity meters). Among all the electricity meters, 260 09-edition electricity meters had battery undervoltage problems and the meter clocks were incorrect.

[0068] Since the pilot area was installed and debugged on May 9, 2023, the daily freezing success rate of the area has been 100%. Table 3 shows the detailed meter reading data 5 days before and 9 days after the transformation:

[0069] Table 3.

[0070]

[0071] As shown in Table 3, the line loss rate before and after the transformation is as high as 57.05% before the transformation, and about 1% after the transformation. Because the lines in the substation are aging and the household meters are connected to the substation, the line loss rate can be further reduced by identifying the substation and finding the meters in the connected substation. After the meters in the connected substation are reassigned to the correct substation, the line loss rate can be further reduced.

[0072] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology, characterized in that: The following steps are included: And the following steps are performed in sequence: Step 1: Synchronize the station module with the concentrator clock Step 2: STA's own clock maintenance STA preferentially uses the perpetual calendar time in the beacon extension field as its own soft clock. If it has never received a perpetual calendar beacon or has not received a perpetual calendar beacon for more than 12 hours, it uses the broadcast time calibration clock as its own soft clock. After clock synchronization is completed, STA maintains the local soft clock through its own crystal ticks. STA also needs to read the energy meter clock periodically, calculate and store the difference between the energy meter clock and the local soft clock after power-off. Step 3: STA real-time data acquisition After STA obtains the concentrator clock, it starts the software timer through its own crystal tick to update the clock in seconds to ensure that the clock is continuously synchronized with the concentrator clock, and reads the specified real-time data items from the meter at 0min, 15min, 30min, and 45min every hour, and saves the response content and timestamp information of the data item to the FLASH memory, Flash Memory non-volatile memory; STA estimates the size of the storage space according to the length of the response content corresponding to the data collection identifier at each time point and reserves the FLASH space; All real-time data of the 09 version of the electric energy meter are read in data blocks first. After receiving the reading response from the meter, the STA also stores the data and timestamp in data blocks. If the corresponding data block reading meter has no response or the response denies the frame, the STA will continue to copy the corresponding phase data identifier of the data block after reading all the data blocks to ensure that all real-time data can be collected successfully. Step 4: STA freeze data and read curve data After receiving the meter reading command from the carrier application layer, the STA supporting the dual-protocol soft clock meter reading mechanism parses the content of the data field to extract the meter reading data identifier and the meter reading time point information, then searches the flash for the data content corresponding to the meter reading data identifier and the meter reading time point, and constructs an uplink message to respond to the concentrator.

2. The dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 1: for the station area that supports the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the central coordinator module sends the AFN14F2 request concentrator clock uplink command to the concentrator after power-on, waits for the concentrator to respond to the clock, the CCO maintains the clock, and periodically requests the concentrator clock to ensure that the clock is synchronized with the concentrator. After the CCO and the concentrator achieve clock synchronization, the CCO fills the time into the carrier beacon frame extension field, and the STA obtains the clock information through the received beacon frame to complete the clock synchronization.

3. The dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step 1: For the station area that does not support the carrier beacon perpetual calendar, the master station is required to send a broadcast time synchronization command to the concentrator at 23:50 every day according to the current master station clock. The concentrator forwards the broadcast time synchronization command to the CCO. After receiving the command, the CCO sends a synchronization message to the STAs in the entire network by broadcasting. The STAs that receive the synchronization message obtain clock information according to the clock in the message to complete clock synchronization.

4. The dual-protocol soft clock meter reading method based on dual-mode communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, STA freezing data and curve data reading specifically include the following steps: Step 4-1: Concentrator downstream meter reading command parsing and protocol conversion Step 4-1-1: The concentrator's downstream meter reading command is a DL\T645 protocol message. STA parses the message to extract the data identifier. If the data identifier is the last settlement day or the last timed frozen data, STA converts the specific data freezing time according to the current clock. STA searches for the actual data stored at this time point in the FLASH and converts it into frozen data to reply to the concentrator. If the data identifier is the load record data for a given time block, the corresponding real-time data is directly searched according to the time given in the message as the load record data to reply to the concentrator. Step 4-1-2: The concentrator's downstream meter reading command is DL\T698 protocol. You need to convert the DL\T698 protocol data identifier into DL\T645 protocol data identifier first, and then process it according to the DL\T645 protocol process after the conversion is completed; Step 4-2: Query STA storage real-time data at a specified time point STA uses 4K FLASH space as a block to store curve data. Each block consists of a block header Flash_4K_Area structure and several block content Grpah_Data_s structures. The block header indicates the relevant information of the 4K data storage block, and the block content records the curve data of different data items at each time point. When there is no space in the current block to continue to store data, the timestamp of the last real-time data is written into the block header Flash_4K_Area structure. STA traverses the entire FLASH storage space with 4K as a block, and queries the block with the largest time, that is, the closest to the specified time, among all 4K blocks that are less than or equal to the specified time according to the timestamp of the block header structure Flash_4K_Area; after obtaining the location information of the block, it traverses the 4K data block again to find the data in the block with a storage time equal to the specified time, and determines whether the data content meets the requirements through CRC check. If the requirements are met, it is considered that the real-time data at the specified time point is queried successfully, and the data is returned to CCO as frozen data or load curve data; Step 4-3: Construct an uplink response frame reply message to the concentrator After finding the real-time data at the specified time point, STA needs to convert the real-time data into frozen data or load curve data. According to the meter reading protocol type sent by the concentrator, STA first converts the DL\T645 real-time data identifier into DL\T645 / DL\T698 frozen data or load curve data items, and then constructs a DL\T645 / DL\T698 protocol uplink response message and responds the message to the concentrator.

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