Tea garden waste extraction device and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tea garden waste extraction device and an operation method thereof.The tea garden waste extraction device comprises an extraction tank, a feeding device, a waste residue separation device and a heating device, the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a mounting bottom plate, the heating device is mounted at the top of the extraction tank and can extend into the extraction tank, and the feeding device is mounted on a fixing frame and located at the top of the extraction tank; an outlet of the feeding device can be in butt joint with an upper end inlet of the waste residue separating device immersed in the extraction tank, the waste residue separating device is connected to the fixing frame through the vertical and transverse driving mechanism and can stretch into the extraction tank, the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the mounting bottom plate, and a liquid discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the extraction tank. Tea leaves and tea stem waste materials collected from a tea garden are extracted, recycled and used for preparing an eurotium cristatum culture solution to achieve fruit preservation, the extracted waste materials need to be treated in a centralized mode and can be conveniently returned to the field to serve as organic fertilizer subsequently, effective recycling can be achieved, the preservation cost can be reduced, and the device is compact in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction equipment, relates to a tea garden waste extraction device, and also relates to an operating method of the tea garden waste extraction device. Background Art

[0002] The fruits produced on the market are juicy, sweet, edible, nutritious and easy to digest, but they have seasonal, regional and perishable problems. Due to imperfect preservation technology and insufficient storage capacity, the annual loss of fruit production is as high as nearly 30%. Chemical preservatives have negative effects, physical methods are energy-consuming and require large facilities, and biological preservation technology, especially biological preservatives based on microbial antagonism, can not only inhibit harmful microorganisms, but also be harmless to consumers and the environment, and have broad prospects.

[0003] Chinese tea has a long history and cultural heritage, and its production process and quality vary depending on factors such as region. Black tea undergoes a complex microbial post-fermentation process. The surface and interior of Fuzhuan tea contain the dominant "golden flower" bacteria E. cristatum. Fermentation can improve the aroma and taste of the product and produce a variety of active metabolites with antibacterial, hypoglycemic, intestinal flora regulation, and antioxidant effects. Experimental studies have shown that E. cristatum has a certain inhibitory effect on the post-harvest spoilage rate of passion fruit, mango, pitaya and other fruits, and has the potential to be used as a biological preservation strain.

[0004] In general manual configuration, the process of configuring usage scenarios is quite complicated, involving too many links, requiring a lot of manpower and time costs, and the efficiency is not satisfactory. Therefore, mechanical equipment is needed.

[0005] One of the preparation devices for the resuspension of biological inoculants containing Eurotium cristatum, that is, large-scale devices for tea extraction are basically useless, and are mainly focused on the production and development of small tea-making machines. Since tea is generally only used to brew a small amount of tea, the tea-making machines on the market are generally small in size. For the large amount of tea required for production, they cannot provide the amount of tea required in the production process in time. The tea residue after soaking can be used as field fertilizer after certain treatment, but similar devices that can soak a large amount of tea and treat the tea residue are still relatively rare. The extraction device for tea is generally used in the production process of tea beverages. The initial investment of the overall device is too large. For fruit farmers with medium-sized fruit sales, it is not economically feasible to use this device to extract tea extract.

[0006] It is necessary to design a solution extraction device for extracting old tea extract for preparing a biological preservative solution containing Eurotium cristatum (commonly known as golden flower fungus). Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tea garden waste extraction device and an operation method thereof, which are used to extract old tea extract for recycling. The extract can be used to prepare a biological preservative solution containing Aspergillus cristatus, thereby reducing the preservation cost.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a tea garden waste extraction device, including an extraction tank, a feeding device, a waste residue separation device and a heating device, the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a mounting base plate, the heating device is installed on the top of the extraction tank and can extend into the extraction tank, the feeding device is installed on a fixed frame and is located at the top of the extraction tank, the feeding device outlet can be connected to the upper end inlet of the waste residue separation device after it is immersed in the extraction tank, the waste residue separation device is connected to the fixed frame through a vertical and horizontal driving mechanism and can extend into the extraction tank, the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate, and a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the extraction tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the above-mentioned feeding device includes a hopper, a vertical screw conveying mechanism, an inclined pipe and a horizontal screw conveying mechanism. The hopper is installed on a fixed frame and is located at the front right position above the leaching tank. A vertical screw conveying mechanism is installed at the bottom outlet of the hopper. The rear side of the vertical screw conveying mechanism is connected to the horizontal screw conveying mechanism through an inclined pipe. The horizontal screw conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. A discharge port is set forward at the left end, and the discharge port is connected to a discharge trough. The discharge trough can be connected to the feed port of the waste residue separation device.

[0010] Furthermore, the above-mentioned heating device adopts a PTC ceramic heating device.

[0011] Furthermore, the above-mentioned waste residue separation device includes a static filter screen and a dynamic filter screen. The static filter screen is a cylindrical cylinder with an opening at the upper end. The bottom of the cylindrical cylinder is covered with first filter holes all around. The center of the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder is fixedly connected to the vertical transverse driving mechanism through a vertical cantilever rod. The dynamic filter screen is a semicircular sheet structure, covered with second filter holes near the bottom, and fits onto the inner side of the static filter screen. The upper end of the static filter screen is extended and connected to a driving mechanism that drives it to rotate along the cantilever rod. The driving mechanism is installed on the vertical transverse driving mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the above-mentioned driving mechanism includes a vertical connecting rod, a horizontal driving arm, a connecting rod and a crank. The lower end of the vertical connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the dynamic filter screen and maintains a distance from the cantilever rod. The upper end of the vertical connecting rod is rotatably connected to the cantilever rod through a rotating sleeve. One end of the horizontal driving arm is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod near the upper end, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the crank. The other end of the crank is fixedly connected to the servo shaft of the servo. The servo is installed on the vertical and horizontal driving mechanism through a mounting frame.

[0013] Furthermore, an auxiliary fork is arranged between the vertical connecting rod and the cantilever rod. One end of the auxiliary fork is provided with an arc-shaped groove plate with a cross-section no larger than a semicircular section, and the other end is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod. The arc-shaped groove plate rests on the cantilever rod and is located below the rotating sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, both sides of the moving filter in the rotation direction are provided with blade structures, and an auxiliary roller is provided on the inner side of the bottom, and the auxiliary roller abuts against the inner bottom of the static filter.

[0015] Furthermore, the above-mentioned tea garden waste extraction device also includes a waste residue collecting bucket, which is installed on the left side of the extraction tank, a pull-out hopper is arranged on the side of the waste residue collecting bucket, a filter mesh hole is arranged at the bottom of the pull-out hopper, and the bottom of the waste residue collecting bucket is connected to the drain pipe through a pipe. The vertical and horizontal driving mechanism can move the waste residue separation device to the top of the waste residue collection bucket, and an opening plate is arranged at the bottom of one side of the static filter screen of the waste residue separation device.

[0016] Furthermore, a material collection chute is provided on the right side of the waste residue collecting hopper, and the material collection chute extends to the top of the leaching tank.

[0017] An operating method of a tea garden waste leaching device, used for producing an extract to prepare a culture solution of Eurotium cristatum, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Raw material preparation: water, tea leaves and tea stems are mixed, and the weight ratio of tea leaves and tea stems to water is 3:7;

[0019] (2) adding water into the extraction tank, adding tea leaves and tea stems into the waste residue separation device, extending the waste residue separation device into the extraction tank, starting heating, heating the temperature to 80-100° C., maintaining a constant temperature, and moving the waste residue separation device up and down during the process of maintaining the constant temperature;

[0020] (3) When the constant temperature is maintained for 7-10 minutes of leaching time, the heating is stopped, the waste residue separation device is exited, and the leaching liquid is collected.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the present invention collects tea leaves and tea stem waste from the tea garden for extraction and recycling, which are used to prepare the culture solution of Aspergillus niger to achieve fruit preservation. The extracted waste needs to be centrally processed to facilitate subsequent field use as organic fertilizer, which can achieve effective recycling and reduce the preservation cost. The device has a compact structure and can automatically complete the extraction by adding materials and removing waste residues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a tea garden waste extraction device;

[0023] Figure 2It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a tea garden waste extraction device (without the front baffle);

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tea garden waste extraction device from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a tea garden waste extraction device;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a tea garden waste extraction device;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the tea garden waste extraction device;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a tea garden waste extraction device (without the front baffle);

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding device;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation three-dimensional structure of the waste residue separation device;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the vertical and horizontal moving mechanism;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the vertical and horizontal moving mechanism;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a front view structural diagram of the vertical and horizontal moving mechanism;

[0034] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the dynamic filter and the static filter;

[0035] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the leaching tank;

[0036] Fig.15 It is the control schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1: Figure 1-14As shown, a tea garden waste extraction device comprises an extraction tank 1, a feeding device 2, a waste residue separation device 3 and a heating device 4. The extraction tank 1 is fixedly connected to a suspended support frame 13, and a reinforcement support seat 14 is arranged on the side of the suspended support frame 13 to fit the outer side of the bottom of the extraction tank 1. The suspended support frame 13 is fixedly connected to a mounting base plate 5. The heating device 4 is installed on the top of the extraction tank 1 and can extend into the inside of the extraction tank 1. The feeding device 2 is installed on a fixed frame 8 and is located at the top of the extraction tank 1. The outlet of the feeding device 2 can be connected to the upper end inlet of the waste residue separation device 3 after it is immersed in the extraction tank 1. The waste residue separation device 3 is connected to the fixed frame 8 through a vertical and horizontal driving mechanism 6 and can extend into the extraction tank 1. The fixed frame 8 is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 5. A drain pipe 7 is arranged at the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and a liquid adding pipe 15 is arranged at the rear side of the extraction tank 1. The liquid adding pipe 15 is used to add water, and an electromagnetic valve is installed to control the opening and closing, and a flow sensor is installed to monitor the ratio of the incoming water to the tea leaves and tea stems.

[0039] In order to realize the feeding of tea boxes and tea stems, the feeding device 2 includes a hopper 201, a vertical screw conveying mechanism 202, an inclined tube 203 and a horizontal screw conveying mechanism 204. The hopper 201 is installed on the fixed frame 8 through a door frame 213 and is located at the front right position above the leaching tank 1. A vertical screw conveying mechanism 202 is installed at the bottom outlet of the hopper 201. The rear side of the vertical screw conveying mechanism 202 is connected to the horizontal screw conveying mechanism 204 through an inclined tube 203. The horizontal screw conveying mechanism 204 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 8, and a discharge port 205 is set forward at the left end. The discharge port 205 is connected to the inclined discharge port 205. The material trough 206 and the discharge trough 206 can be connected to the feed port of the waste residue separation device 3, and the spiral conveying is adopted to realize stable conveying. The oblique pipe 203 includes an inner pipe 207 and an outer pipe 208 which are arranged obliquely and coaxially. The upper end of the inner pipe 207 is fixedly connected to the vertical shell of the vertical spiral conveying mechanism 202, and the lower end is movably inserted into the upper end of the outer pipe 208 and keeps a gap therewith. The lower end of the outer pipe 208 is fixedly connected to the horizontal shell of the horizontal spiral conveying mechanism 204. The horizontal spiral conveying mechanism 204 is installed on the weighing device 209, and the weighing device 209 is installed on the rear side of the fixed frame 8. This structure can realize The tea leaves and tea stems conveyed to the horizontal conveying mechanism 204 are weighed, and the inner tube 207 and the outer tube 208 are provided with a gap to maintain the butt joint, which can ensure that the inclined tube avoids the influence of the weighing device on the weighing when conveying dry materials, and improves the weighing accuracy. A spiral transmission rod 1 with spiral blades is provided in the vertical spiral conveying mechanism 202. The spiral transmission rod 1 is rotatably connected to the vertical housing through the bearing at the bottom, and the lower end of the spiral transmission rod is connected to the vertical drive motor 212 through a coupling after extending out of the bearing. The vertical drive motor 212 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the fixed frame 8, and the hopper 201 is fixedly connected to the vertical housing through the hopper frame 213. On the top plate, the horizontal spiral conveying mechanism 204 is provided with a spiral transmission rod 2 with spiral blades. Both ends of the spiral transmission rod 2 are connected to the horizontal outer shell through bearings, and the left end extends out of the bearing and is connected to the horizontal drive motor 210 through a coupling. The horizontal drive motor 210 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the weighing device 209 through a horizontal motor frame 211. The horizontal outer shell is fixedly connected to the top plate of the weighing device 209. A discharge port 206 is provided on the front side of the left end of the horizontal outer shell, and 205 is connected to an inclined (more than 60°) discharge trough 206, which can automatically slide the material (tea leaves and tea stems) into the waste residue separation device 3.

[0040] The dry raw materials are transported by a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor can be placed at the bottom of the hopper and extend into the hopper from the bottom opening. The motor drives the screw feeding rod to rotate, removes the dry raw materials from the bottom of the hopper, enters the feeding port of the extraction tank through the feeding pipe, and flows into the extraction filter of the device to achieve the purpose of extraction. The screw conveyor can realize the continuous supply of raw materials, and the overall structure is much smaller than the conveyor belt, which is conducive to the compact requirements of the device structure.

[0041] Moreover, the tubular spiral conveyor for independent tea stems and tea leaves can avoid the residual or falling out of the conveying process of scattered tea leaves or tea stems. Pipeline conveying is required to ensure that the raw materials are delivered to the extraction device without jamming or insufficient supply of raw materials.

[0042] A pump is used to connect the discharge pipe to output the waste to the location where the user needs it for use. The waste residue is stored centrally and naturally filtered or compacted by a device before centralized treatment to ensure the comfort of the raw material production environment.

[0043] The annual loss of a large number of fruits produced in orchards due to insufficient implementation conditions of preservation technology and the limitation of preservation costs is nearly 30% of the total production value. There is an urgent need to develop preservation technology. After a large number of experimental studies, it has been found that the crown-like spores have a good promoting effect on fruit preservation. This device focuses on the preparation of dry tea extracts, and provides an efficient, fast and automated extract production method for the preparation of biological preservatives containing crown-like spores. The commissioning of this device can prepare a large number of qualified biological bacteria fruit preservatives, and timely preserve the fruits produced in the orchard to reduce the rate of bad fruits. At the same time, compared with boring preservation methods and chemical preservation methods, the use of biological bacteria preservation will not only not damage the quality of the fruit, but also will not bring about food safety problems and environmental pollution problems caused by the other two insurance methods, which can accelerate the realization of the vision of building a beautiful China.

[0044] The production raw materials come from the waste tea leaves and tea stems in the tea garden. Due to the limitations of practical conditions, a large amount of tea leaves and tea stems are treated as waste products in the tea garden every year, resulting in a large amount of resource waste and economic losses. After this device is dragged into the orchard production link, it can absorb the waste tea leaves and tea stems produced in the tea garden as new production raw materials for production. The extracted waste is composted, and the organic matter therein can be decomposed into more stable substances rich in nutrients through the action of microorganisms. At the same time, this composting process can be accelerated by controlling the conditions to produce high-quality organic fertilizers. And compared with general chemical fertilizers, it has better environmental benefits.

[0045] Among them, the heating device 4 adopts a PTC ceramic heating device, which has stable heating and heat preservation. The PTC thermistor element of the PTC ceramic heating device has the characteristic of changing its resistance value as the ambient temperature changes, and its resistance value increases or decreases accordingly. Therefore, the PTC heater has the characteristics of energy saving, constant temperature, safety and long service life. Compared with stainless steel heating elements, it has the advantages of rapid heating and automatic constant temperature.

[0046] Among them, since the tea leaves and tea stems after being soaked in the device will stick to each other and to the filter, it will be difficult to remove them from the filter, so other mechanical structures or human intervention are needed to remove them. Taking the above factors into consideration, in order to facilitate the removal of waste residues from the static filter mesh, the waste residue separation device 3 includes a static filter 301 and a dynamic filter 302. The static filter 301 is a cylindrical tube with an opening at the upper end. The bottom of the cylindrical tube is covered with first filter holes 303. The bottom center of the cylindrical tube 303 is fixedly connected to the vertical horizontal drive mechanism 6 through a vertical cantilever rod 304. The dynamic filter 302 is a semicircular sheet structure, which is covered with second filter holes 305 near the bottom. It fits on the inner side of the static filter 301 and extends from the upper end. The static filter 301 is connected to a driving mechanism 306 that drives it to rotate along the cantilever rod 304. The driving mechanism 306 is installed on the vertical and horizontal driving mechanism 6. Through the lifting of the static filter, the tea stems or tea leaves can be immersed in water for extraction and taken out, and the extracted tea stems or tea leaves can be conveniently taken out. Through the relative fitting movement of the dynamic and static filter, the tea stems or tea leaves bonded to the filter holes of the static filter can be processed, and the extracted tea stems or tea leaves can be conveniently taken out. The dynamic and static filter will not interfere with each other. The static filter and the embedded dynamic filter are used. The two are combined together to form a columnar structure during extraction. The extraction raw materials can be put into it, and it is lifted after the extraction is completed. Under the drive of the motor, the dynamic filter and the static filter are relatively rotated through the upper four-bar mechanism, so that the bonding raw materials inside the static filter are squeezed down, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly separating the extraction raw materials from the extraction liquid.

[0047] During the extraction time, it is used as a container for storing the extraction raw materials to ensure the normal progress of the extraction. After the extraction is completed, the internal extraction waste residue can be quickly poured out, which is conducive to the lightness of the device structure. When the device starts the extraction work, the opening between the dynamic filter and the static filter is closed, and the extraction raw materials can be filled into the internal space of the filter. The heated solvent flows into the filter through the holes of the filter to extract the extraction raw materials. After the extraction is completed, the filter is lifted out by the lifting device to achieve rapid separation of the extraction waste residue and the extraction liquid.

[0048] The connecting rod mechanism at the upper part is a crank rocker mechanism. In order to ensure that the dynamic filter can completely remove the internal leaching waste residue, the swing angle of the rocker is set to 60°.

[0049] The feeding process of the device needs to be fed according to a given ratio of solvent to solute. The solvent is water, and the solute is dry tea garden waste. The supply of the solvent is detected by a flow sensor, and the feed of the solute is controlled by a pressure sensor of a weighing device. When the detection signal reaches a given value, the single-chip microcomputer sends a feeding stop signal to stop the feeding device. The solvent needs to be heated before leaching, and the heating temperature is detected by a temperature sensor and transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer for processing. When the predetermined value is reached, the heating device stops heating. After entering the leaching process, the leaching time needs to be timed, and after the leaching is completed, the leaching waste residue and the leaching liquid need to be processed. The power source in this device is 5 stepper motors, which serve as the power source for feeding and other processing steps after leaching. The action of the motor is controlled by the detected flow signal, pressure signal, etc., such as Fig.15 The control connection method shown in the figure, STM32 MCU selection: STM32 series MCU is based on ARM Cortex-M core, divided into four series according to performance: STM32F0 (entry level), STM32F1 (basic level), STM32F2 (high performance) and STM32F4 (high performance + DSP). Each series has multiple sub-series, covering different performance, peripherals and packaging characteristics. The characteristics of each series are as follows:

[0050] STM32F0 series: for entry-level applications, with low cost and low power consumption as the main features; including Cortex-M0, Cortex-M0+ and other cores, suitable for basic control tasks;

[0051] STM32F1 series: for basic applications, providing more peripherals and functional options; including Cortex-M3 core, can meet general performance requirements;

[0052] STM32F2 series: high-performance grade with more memory and advanced peripherals; including Cortex-M3 core to handle complex control scenarios;

[0053] STM32F4 series: the highest performance level, equipped with floating-point unit and DSP instruction set; including Cortex-M4 core, suitable for high-performance applications such as multimedia processing and numerical calculation.

[0054] The STM32F103R6 microcontroller is used as the control unit in this device. Compared with the STM32F1 series and STM32F0 series, it has higher performance, stronger flexibility, and more GPIO pins, which can well meet the control of 5 motors and other detection and display components in this device.

[0055] Selection of pressure sensor for weighing device: A pressure sensor is needed in this device to control the supply of leaching raw materials. The maximum lifting weight is 30kg. It is decided to use the pressure sensor MPX4115 as the detection element of the weighing device in this design. The MPX4115 series piezoresistance sensor works based on a silicon pressure sensor. This sensor is combined with advanced micro-motor technology and thin film metallization, and can also provide a balanced pressure for high-level analog output signals. The measurement error is less than 1.5% in the temperature range of 0℃-85℃, and the temperature compensation is -40℃-125℃. In the conversion circuit of the pressure sensor MPX4115, the 4th, 5th, and 6th pins of the MPX4115 sensor can be left floating, and the 3rd pin is connected to the +5V power supply. In practical applications, this power supply can share the power supply with the STM32 microcontroller. Pin 2 is grounded, and pin 1 is the output pin of the signal. In order to filter out the interference of the output signal, this circuit will first filter out the interference signal through the filter capacitor at the output end, and then send the signal to the ADC module of the STM32 microcontroller for conversion.

[0056] Flow sensor selection: According to the original inlet diameter set in this device, the selected flow sensor is the YF-S201 Hall water flow sensor. The red line of the sensor represents the input line, connected to the positive pole; the yellow line represents the signal output line, connected to the microcontroller I / O port; the black line represents the negative pole, connected to GND.

[0057] In addition to the above-mentioned devices, the control devices of this device also include DS18B20 temperature sensor, OLED12864I2C display screen and motor driver chip ULN2803a, etc., which will not be described in detail below.

[0058] The travel switch is used to detect the position of the slide of the vertical and horizontal moving mechanism relative to the guide rail, and also to prevent the slide from exceeding the travel and causing damage to the device. Travel switches 1 and 2 are respectively installed at one end of the horizontal slide and the vertical slide close to the leaching tank, and travel switches 3 and 4 are installed at the other end of the slide, so as to limit the maximum travel of the slide relative to the guide rail.

[0059] In order to quickly achieve shedding, the driving mechanism 306 includes a vertical connecting rod 307, a horizontal driving arm 308, a connecting rod 309 and a crank 310 to form a crank remote lever mechanism. The lower end of the vertical connecting rod 307 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the dynamic filter screen 302 and keeps a distance from the cantilever rod 304. The upper end of the vertical connecting rod 307 is rotatably connected to the cantilever rod 304 through a rotating shaft sleeve 311. One end of the horizontal driving arm 308 is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod 307 near the upper end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod 307 near the upper end. The end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 309, the other end of the connecting rod 309 is hinged to one end of the crank 310, the other end of the crank 310 is fixedly connected to the steering gear shaft of the steering gear 312, the steering gear 312 is installed on the vertical and horizontal driving mechanism 6 through the mounting frame 313, the mounting frame 313 is an L-shaped mounting plate structure, the steering gear 312 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate of the mounting frame 313 and the steering gear shaft extends upward to connect the crank 310, through the crank remote control mechanism, can realize the rapid rotation of the dynamic filter.

[0060] In order to improve the stability and reliability of the hinge support point, an auxiliary fork 314 is also arranged between the vertical connecting rod 307 and the cantilever rod 304. One end of the auxiliary fork 314 is provided with an arc-shaped groove plate 315 with a cross-section not larger than a semicircular section, and the other end is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod 307. The arc-shaped groove plate 315 is against the cantilever rod 304 and is located below the rotating shaft sleeve 311. The auxiliary fork is arranged so that during the rotation of the vertical connecting rod 307 around the cantilever rod, it can rotate around the cantilever rod more stably, thereby improving the rotation stability, and thus being more conducive to the dynamic filter screen to stably push the tea stems and tea leaves to fall off from the mesh holes of the static filter screen during rotation.

[0061] In order to facilitate the rapid removal of stuck tea stems or adhered tea leaves from the static filter net, blade structures are arranged on both sides of the rotation direction of the dynamic filter net 302, and an auxiliary roller 316 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom. The auxiliary roller 316 abuts against the inner bottom of the static filter net 301. The auxiliary roller, on the one hand, serves as a support to stably support the rotation of the dynamic filter net, which is more conducive to removing tea stems and tea leaves from the static filter net.

[0062] In order to facilitate the collection of waste residues after leaching and the recovery of residual liquid, a tea garden waste leaching device also includes a waste residue collection bucket 9, which is installed on the left side of the leaching tank 1. A pull-out hopper 10 is arranged on the side of the waste residue collection bucket 9. The waste residue collection bucket 9 is fixedly connected to the installation base plate 5 through two support columns 13. A filter mesh hole 11 is arranged at the bottom of the pull-out hopper 10. The bottom of the waste residue collection bucket 9 is connected to the drain pipe 7 through a pipeline. The vertical and horizontal driving mechanism 6 can move the waste residue separation device 3 to the top of the waste residue collection bucket 9. The static filter 301 of the waste residue separation device 3 is arranged at the bottom of one side. An opening plate 317 is provided, and the waste residue after leaching is lifted out of the leaching tank through the waste residue separation device and then sent to the top of the drawing hopper, and the waste residue is taken out and put into the drawing hopper. A filter hole is provided at the bottom of the drawing hopper to collect the remaining liquid and send it to the discharge pipe, so as to realize the recovery of the remaining liquid on the waste residue and the collection and treatment of the waste residue, thereby improving the treatment efficiency; it also includes a compacting plate. When the drawing hopper is full of waste residue, the compacting plate is placed in the drawing hopper (the length and width of the compacting plate are respectively smaller than the length and width of the inner cavity of the drawing hopper), and then pressed down through the static filter screen to realize the discharge of the remaining liquid after the waste residue is compacted for recovery, thereby ensuring the content of the components required for extraction.

[0063] The vertical and horizontal driving mechanism 6 includes a vertical sliding plate 318 and a horizontal sliding plate 325. The four corners of the vertical sliding plate 318 are fixedly connected to the four sliders of the two slider guide pairs 319 through four columns. The left and right guide rails of the two slider guide pairs 319 are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the back plate 320. The lower end of the back plate 320 is fixedly connected to the adapter L-shaped plate 324. The nut of the vertical lead screw nut pair 321 is fixedly connected to the back of the vertical sliding plate 318. The two ends of the lead screw of the vertical lead screw nut pair 321 are respectively connected to the back plate 320 through a bearing seat 322 and the upper end extends out of the bearing seat 322 and is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the vertical drive motor 323. The vertical drive motor 323 is fixedly connected to the back plate 320 through a vertical motor frame. The adapter L-shaped plate 324 It is fixedly connected to the horizontal sliding plate 325, and the four corners of the horizontal sliding plate 325 are fixedly connected to the four sliders of the two slider guide pairs 326 through four columns. The guide rails of the two slider guide pairs 326 are horizontally fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 330 at the front and rear respectively. The horizontal plate 330 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 8. The bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 325 is fixedly connected to the nut of the horizontal lead screw nut pair 327. The two ends of the lead screw of the horizontal lead screw nut pair 327 are connected to the horizontal plate 330 through the bearing seat 328 and one end extends out of the bearing seat 328 and is connected to the horizontal drive motor 329. The horizontal drive motor 329 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 330 through the horizontal motor frame 331. The vertical and horizontal drive mechanism can realize precise lifting and horizontal movement, and the movement is smooth and reliable.

[0064] The fixed frame 8 includes a front baffle 801 and a rear baffle 802, which are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the mounting base plate 5, and the front baffle 801 and the rear baffle 802 are respectively fixedly connected on both sides by two pairs of cross beams 803, and the tops of the front baffle 801 and the rear baffle 802 are respectively fixedly connected with a top plate 1 804 and a top plate 2 805 of different heights, and the top plate 2 805 is lower than the top plate 1 804, and a gap is maintained between the top plate 1 804 and the top plate 2 805 front and back, so as to facilitate the horizontal and vertical movement of the dynamic and static filter screen in the gap, the top plate 1 804 is installed with the hopper 201, and the top plate 2 805 is installed with the horizontal moving mechanism of the vertical horizontal moving mechanism, the fixed frame of this structure has stable and reliable support, and a weighing device 209 is installed between the two cross beams 803 on the top, and the weighing device 209 is convenient for weighing the weight of the feed.

[0065] In order to prevent excessive residual liquid from dripping onto the equipment, an aggregate chute 12 is provided on the right side of the waste slag collecting hopper 9. The aggregate chute 12 extends to the top of the leaching tank 1. The taken out dynamic and static filter net lifts the waste slag and takes it out, and then quickly moves it toward the waste slag collecting hopper, so that the residual liquid drips onto the aggregate chute 12 as soon as possible, and then gathers in the waste slag collecting hopper.

[0066] Example 2: An operating method of a tea garden waste leaching device for producing an extract to prepare a culture solution of Eurotium cristatum, the method comprising the following steps:

[0067] (1) Raw material preparation: water, tea leaves and tea stems are mixed, and the weight ratio of tea leaves and tea stems to water is 3:7;

[0068] (2) adding water into the extraction tank, adding tea leaves and tea stems into the waste residue separation device, extending the waste residue separation device into the extraction tank, starting heating, heating the temperature to 80-100° C., maintaining a constant temperature, and moving the waste residue separation device up and down during the process of maintaining the constant temperature;

[0069] (3) When the constant temperature is maintained for 7-10 minutes of leaching time, the heating is stopped, the waste residue separation device is exited, and the leaching liquid is collected.

[0070] The device of the present invention is used to mix and extract the discarded tea leaves, tea stalks and the like collected from the tea garden with water in a certain proportion, the extract is the target product, and the extracted waste needs to be centrally processed to facilitate subsequent fertilization as organic fertilizer.

[0071] The extract produced by the device of the present invention is mainly used for the configuration of the culture solution of Eurotium cristatum, and the content of various leaching substances therein has certain requirements, and the content of sucrose in the extract has an important influence on the growth of the bacterial community. By controlling the sucrose in the culture solution, the temperature of the extract, the initial pH value of the extract, and the shaking speed of the culture dish, multiple groups of experiments to control a single variable were carried out. The final results showed that when the sucrose concentration in the extract was 6.0% and the extract concentration was 0.8%, the culture solution had the best culture effect on Eurotium cristatum, so this device needs to increase the sucrose content in the extract as much as possible. The determination and calculation method of tea extract is:

[0072]

[0073] m 1 ——Mass of tea residue after drying, in g;

[0074] m 1 ——The mass of the tea residue after drying, in g;

[0075] ω——dry matter content of sample (mass fraction), %.

[0076] The measurement results need to meet the repeatability requirements, that is, the absolute value of the measurement results of each leaching substance of the same sample under repeated conditions is less than 2% of the arithmetic mean.

[0077] In addition, through experimental research, tea leaves and tea stems are rich in sucrose, and sucrose is very soluble in water. In a certain amount of aqueous solution, the higher the temperature, the greater the solubility of tea. In a 20°C aqueous solution, the solubility of sucrose is usually 203.9g. When the temperature rises to 100°C, the solubility of sucrose can reach 487.2g. Therefore, the device needs to heat the aqueous solution for extraction to above 90 degrees Celsius to ensure sufficient sucrose content in the extract and improve resource utilization. After measurement, the extraction principle and water ratio of the single-time input device extraction box are determined according to the sucrose concentration, so the device needs to be able to change the feed amount within a certain range.

[0078] The single operation of this device requires heating of 40-50 kg of aqueous solution, the heating time is planned to be within 1 hour, and the heating temperature is between 80-100 ° C. Take 50 kg of water and heat it to 100 degrees Celsius within 1 hour for calculation, and then determine the required heat source element power.

[0079] Under normal conditions, the specific heat capacity of water is C4.2*10 3 J / (kh*℃), from which the total power to heat M kg of water to N degrees Celsius is:

[0080] W=M×N×C (Formula 2)

[0081] The maximum mass of solution to be heated is 50 kg, the initial temperature of the water is 20 degrees Celsius, and it is heated to 90

[0082] The temperature difference in degrees Celsius is 70°C, so the total work required is:

[0083] W=50×70×4.2×10 3 (Formula 3)

[0084] From this, the power requirement of the heating element can be obtained as follows:

[0085] P=W / t=1.4×10 7 / 3600=4.08kW (Formula 4)

[0086] Taking into account the heat loss caused by heat exchange between the device and the outside world during the heating process, the power of the heating element of the 304 stainless steel heating plate is 4.5Kw.

[0087] The overall function of the device needs to ensure the rate and quality of the leaching liquid, which depends on the heating power of the device, the rate of loading and unloading, the duration of leaching, the ratio of leaching raw materials to water, etc. Therefore, the main design parameters of the device are concentrated on the power of the heating device to meet the requirements of efficient heating and shorten the preparation time of the leaching raw materials; a reasonable transmission method is adopted for the loading and unloading mechanism of the device to ensure the continuity and efficiency of leaching; the leaching time, leaching liquid temperature, the ratio of raw materials and aqueous solution, etc. can be selected according to the user's quality requirements for the leaching liquid. It is also necessary to display the working status and working time of the device to facilitate users to adjust the working conditions of the device according to actual production requirements.

[0088] The device structure has the following advantages:

[0089] 1. It is easy to realize the automatic supply of leaching raw materials, and the feeding amount and ratio need to meet the requirements specified by the user, which can be changed according to the actual requirements of the user, and has good human-computer interaction function;

[0090] 2. It can realize unloading, and is convenient for centralized storage after filtering and treatment, which is convenient for management. At the same time, the extraction liquid must be processed and prepared for the next production rhythm to ensure the continuity of the production process;

[0091] 3. The device has a simple and compact structure, which can reduce transportation and production costs. This device is mainly used for the production of culture fluid of Eurotium cristatum. The production batch is not large, and the device as a whole should be light and flexible.

[0092] 4. The device can save manpower and financial expenditure for users and ensure high quality and high efficiency of production products.

[0093] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tea garden waste extraction device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a leaching tank (1), a feeding device (2), a waste residue separation device (3) and a heating device (4), wherein the leaching tank (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting base plate (5), the heating device (4) is mounted on the top of the leaching tank (1) and can extend into the interior of the leaching tank (1), the feeding device (2) is mounted on a fixing frame (8) and is located on the top of the leaching tank (1), the outlet of the feeding device (2) can be connected to the upper inlet of the waste residue separation device (3) after the waste residue separation device (3) is immersed in the leaching tank (1), the waste residue separation device (3) is connected to the fixing frame (8) through a vertical and horizontal driving mechanism (6) and can extend into the leaching tank (1), the fixing frame (8) is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (5), and a drain pipe (7) is arranged at the bottom of the leaching tank (1).

2. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device (2) comprises a hopper (201), a vertical screw conveying mechanism (202), an inclined pipe (203) and a horizontal screw conveying mechanism (204); the hopper (201) is mounted on a fixed frame (8) and is located at the front right side above the leaching tank (1); a vertical screw conveying mechanism (202) is mounted at the bottom outlet of the hopper (201); the rear side of the vertical screw conveying mechanism (202) is connected to the horizontal screw conveying mechanism (204) via the inclined pipe (203); the horizontal screw conveying mechanism (204) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (8); a discharge port (205) is arranged at the left end forward; the discharge port (205) is connected to a discharge trough (206); and the discharge trough (206) can be connected to a feed port of the waste residue separation device (3).

3. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (4) adopts a PTC ceramic heating device.

4. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste residue separation device (3) comprises a static filter (301) and a dynamic filter (302); the static filter (301) is a cylindrical cylinder with an opening at the top, the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder is covered with first filter holes (303) all around, the center of the bottom of the cylindrical cylinder (303) is fixedly connected to a vertical transverse driving mechanism (6) via a vertical cantilever rod (304); the dynamic filter (302) is a semicircular sheet structure, covered with second filter holes (305) near the bottom, and is attached to the inner side of the static filter (301); the upper end of the static filter (301) is extended out and connected to a driving mechanism (306) for driving the static filter to rotate along the cantilever rod (304); the driving mechanism (306) is mounted on the vertical transverse driving mechanism (6).

5. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (306) comprises a vertical connecting rod (307), a horizontal driving arm (308), a connecting rod (309) and a crank (310). The lower end of the vertical connecting rod (307) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the dynamic filter screen (302) and is spaced apart from the cantilever rod (304). The upper end of the vertical connecting rod (307) is rotatably connected to the cantilever rod (304) via a rotating shaft sleeve (311). One end of the horizontal driving arm (308) is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod (307) near the upper end, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (309). The other end of the connecting rod (309) is hinged to one end of the crank (310). The other end of the crank (310) is fixedly connected to the steering gear shaft of the steering gear (312). The steering gear (312) is mounted on the vertical and horizontal driving mechanism (6) via a mounting frame (313).

6. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An auxiliary shift fork (314) is also arranged between the vertical connecting rod (307) and the cantilever rod (304); one end of the auxiliary shift fork (314) is provided with an arc-shaped groove plate (315) having a cross section no larger than a semicircle; the other end is fixedly connected to the vertical connecting rod (307); the arc-shaped groove plate (315) abuts against the cantilever rod (304) and is located below the rotating shaft sleeve (311).

7. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sides of the dynamic filter (302) in the rotation direction are provided with blade structures, and an auxiliary roller (316) is provided on the inner side of the bottom, and the auxiliary roller (316) abuts against the inner bottom of the static filter (301).

8. The tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste residue collection hopper (9) is also included. The waste residue collection hopper (9) is installed on the left side of the leaching tank (1). A pull-out hopper (10) is arranged on the side of the waste residue collection hopper (9). A filter screen hole (11) is arranged at the bottom of the pull-out hopper (10). The bottom of the waste residue collection hopper (9) is connected to a drain pipe (7) through a pipeline. The vertical and horizontal driving mechanism (6) can move the waste residue separation device (3) to the top of the waste residue collection hopper (9). An opening plate (317) is arranged at the bottom of one side of the static filter screen (301) of the waste residue separation device (3).

9. A tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material collection chute (12) is provided on the right side of the waste residue collection hopper (9), and the material collection chute (12) extends toward the top of the leaching tank (1).

10. The method for operating a tea garden waste extraction device according to claim 1, which is used to produce an extract to prepare a culture solution of Eurotium cristatum, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: water, tea leaves and tea stems, with the weight of tea leaves and tea stems to water in a ratio of 3:7; (2) Add water into the extraction tank, add tea leaves and tea stems into the waste residue separation device, extend the waste residue separation device into the extraction tank, start heating, heat the temperature to 80-100°C, maintain a constant temperature, and move the waste residue separation device up and down during the process of maintaining the constant temperature; (3) When the constant temperature is maintained for 7-10 minutes of leaching time, stop heating, exit the waste residue separation device, and collect the leaching liquid.

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