Drilling bottom-expanding cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a drilling and bottom expanding cast-in-place pile construction device and method.The drilling and bottom expanding cast-in-place pile construction device comprises a fixing frame, a positioning rod and a cleaning pipe and further comprises an adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is located on the positioning rod, and the opening sizes of a water inlet and a water outlet in a pile hole during hole cleaning are adjusted through the adjusting plate; when the construction device and the construction method for the bored bottom-expanded cast-in-place pile are used, different from the prior art, the arrangement of the regulation and control assembly has the advantages that in the hole cleaning process, when the water level in the pile hole is close to the underground water level, the water inlet hole can be automatically expanded, the water outlet hole can be shrunk at the same time, and the speed of underground water entering the pile hole can be increased by expanding the water inlet hole; the water outlet is shrunk, so that the speed of discharging water from the pile hole is slowed down, the water level in the pile hole can be ensured to be always higher than the underground water level, and in the hole cleaning process, due to the fact that the water level in the pile hole has the risk of falling due to mud pumping and drilling slag removing, the water level can be effectively prevented from falling below the underground water level through the measure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Bored and expanded bottom cast-in-place piles are based on bored and expanded piles. Special drill bits are used to expand the bottom of the pile end to expand the diameter of the pile end, thereby increasing the contact area between the pile and the soil layer and improving the bearing capacity and stability of the pile. This method makes full use of the excellent soil layer and weathered rock layer as the bearing layer of the expanded head. It is particularly suitable for situations with complex geological conditions and difficult construction. When constructing bored and expanded bottom cast-in-place piles, the construction processes such as drilling, hole cleaning and pouring will be carried out successively. Especially in the hole cleaning operation, in order to ensure the stability of the hole wall and prevent collapse, it is crucial to continuously maintain the water head height in the hole higher than the groundwater level. However, the commonly used water level monitoring methods currently include using a water level meter to directly measure or indirectly judge the water level by observing the water discharge of the borehole. Although these methods are simple, they have obvious hysteresis. When the water level drops unexpectedly due to some reason (such as sudden changes in the groundwater level, mud loss during drilling, etc.), these monitoring methods often cannot immediately capture this change, resulting in the inability to take timely measures. The lowering of the water level in the pile hole will bring the following effects: 1. In bored pile construction, the hydrostatic pressure of the mud in the hole plays an important supporting role on the hole wall. When the water level in the hole decreases, the hydrostatic pressure also decreases, causing the pressure balance on the hole wall to be broken; 2. As the water level in the hole drops, the soil pressure outside the hole wall increases relatively. Especially when the soil is loose or there is a soft stratum, this pressure imbalance is more likely to cause the hole wall to become unstable; 3. The lowering of water level may also accelerate the loss of mud, especially when the formation permeability is strong. The loss of mud will further weaken the wall protection effect and increase the risk of hole wall collapse. Therefore, we propose a bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device and a construction method. Summary of the invention

[0003] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present application is that the currently commonly used methods of monitoring or observing the water discharge of a borehole using water level meters have limitations, and they are unable to respond immediately when the water level drops unexpectedly, which significantly increases the risk of borehole wall collapse.

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a bored and bottom-expanded cast-in-place pile construction device and a construction method, including a fixing frame, a positioning rod and a cleaning pipe, and also including an adjusting plate, wherein the adjusting plate is located on the positioning rod, and the adjusting plate is used to adjust the opening size of the water inlet and the water outlet in the pile hole during hole washing; a regulating component, wherein the regulating component is arranged on the positioning rod, and the regulating plate is arranged on the regulating component, and the regulating plate is driven to rotate when the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level, thereby controlling the opening of the water inlet to become larger and the opening of the water outlet to become smaller; a mixing component, wherein the mixing component is arranged on the regulating component, and the mixing component is used to break up the high-viscosity mud injected when the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level.

[0005] In some embodiments, the regulating component includes an adjusting member arranged on the positioning rod, through which the opening size of the water inlet and the water outlet is adjusted, the adjusting member is provided with a driving member, through which the adjusting member is driven to work, and the adjusting member is provided with a triggering member, through which the driving member is driven to work.

[0006] In some embodiments, the adjusting member includes a positioning bin arranged on a positioning rod, a circulation bin is arranged in the positioning bin, the circulation bin is connected with a cleaning pipe, an isolation plate is arranged in the circulation bin, a rotating groove is provided on a side wall of the circulation bin, a plurality of closed grooves are provided on the circulation bin, the closed grooves penetrate through the side wall of the circulation bin and are connected with the rotating groove, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating groove, the rotating shaft is connected with an adjusting plate, and the adjusting plate is slidably connected with the rotating groove.

[0007] In some embodiments, the driving member includes a driving shaft rotatably arranged in the positioning bin, a driving pulley is provided on the driving shaft and the transmission shaft, a driving belt is provided on the driving pulley, a fixed plate is provided in the positioning bin, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the fixed plate, a transmission gear 1 is provided on the transmission shaft, a transmission gear 2 is provided at one end of the transmission shaft away from the transmission gear 1, and a driving gear engaged with the transmission gear 2 is provided on the driving shaft.

[0008] In some embodiments, the trigger member includes a trigger airbag arranged on the positioning chamber, a reset spring is arranged in the trigger airbag, a reset plate is arranged on the reset spring, an air guide tube is arranged on the trigger airbag, one end of the air guide tube passes through the positioning chamber, a pneumatic chamber is arranged in the positioning chamber, the pneumatic chamber is connected to the air guide tube, a piston plate is slidably arranged in the pneumatic chamber, and a trigger rack engaged with a transmission gear is arranged on the piston plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mixing assembly includes a breaking piece disposed in a positioning bin, which is used to break up the high-concentration mud poured into the pile hole. A moving piece is disposed in the positioning bin, which drives the breaking piece to move in the positioning bin.

[0010] In some embodiments, the breaking parts include a guide plate arranged in the positioning bin, a guide groove is formed on the guide plate, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the guide groove, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged on the sliding block, a connecting plate is arranged on the connecting shaft, a fixing ring is arranged on the connecting plate, a rotating block is rotatably arranged on the connecting plate, the rotating block is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and a plurality of blades are arranged on the rotating block.

[0011] In some embodiments, the moving part includes a rotating gear set on the driving shaft, an annular plate is rotatably set in the positioning bin, a slot is opened on the annular plate and engages with the rotating gear, a pushing rod is set on the sliding block, the pushing rod is L-shaped, a multi-stage telescopic rod is set in the guide groove, a pushing block is set at the end of the multi-stage telescopic rod, an extrusion spring is sleeved on the multi-stage telescopic rod, a pushing plate is set on the annular plate, the pushing plate is a wedge-shaped plate, and the pushing plate is in contact with the pushing rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the trigger airbag is made of thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0013] In some embodiments, the construction method of the bored pile construction device is as follows: S1. Preparation before drilling: According to the design drawings, use total stations and other equipment to lay out the pile positions and bury the casing to ensure its verticality and stability. The casing is made of rolled and welded steel plates, and its diameter is 200mm larger than the pile diameter. When burying, pay attention to the deviation control between the center of the casing and the center of the pile position. Then move the drilling rig to the designated position, adjust the drill bit to align with the pile position, and the deviation of the drilling rig position should not exceed 2cm to ensure the verticality of the drilling rig; S2. Drilling: Start drilling, pay attention to controlling mud index, keep the hole wall stable, add mud and extract slag continuously during drilling to prevent hole wall collapse, use rock-embedded bottom drill bit when drilling, rock-embedded bottom drill bit is improved on the basis of ordinary bottom drill bit, add a ring chassis at the bottom of the bottom drill bit, there are drill teeth around the bottom of the chassis, which can drill downward, and there are columns on the upper part of the chassis, which can drive the chassis with the lower wing, and the outer edge of the drill teeth on the lower wing of the hole-enlarging drill bit is 45° with the horizontal direction, which is convenient for slag cleaning. After the rock bottom expansion drill bit is placed at the bottom of the hole, the drill bit is pressurized through the drill rod, and the wing arms on both sides of the drill bit expand to both sides to form an expanded hole. After the hole is expanded to the right position, the wing arms on both sides of the drill bit descend, and through the column limit, the chassis is driven to rotate, thereby expanding the bottom downward. The bottom expansion drill bit has two advantages: first, when the hole is not expanded to the right position, the chassis will not rotate and will not drill downward. It must be expanded on both sides before drilling downward; second, the drill bit can drill downward during the hole expansion process to form a straight line segment, reducing the number of bottom expansion times and improving the bottom expansion efficiency; S3, washing holes: After the borehole reaches the designed depth, the hole is cleaned to remove the sediment at the bottom of the hole. The borehole is flushed by introducing a large amount of running water through a conduit to flush from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole; if the flushing water pressure is 80% of the grouting pressure and is greater than 1Mp, 1Mpa is used; after flushing, the hole should be grouted immediately and continuously, and grouting should be resumed as soon as possible if interrupted for some reason. If the interruption time is more than 30 minutes, it should be flushed again before grouting, and grouting should be resumed after cleaning; During the hole washing process, when the water level in the pile hole drops rapidly, the water pressure on the trigger airbag located on the positioning chamber becomes smaller. At this time, the trigger airbag expands and resets under the push of the reset spring, so that negative pressure is formed in the pneumatic chamber connected to it, thereby driving the piston plate to move in the pneumatic chamber. The movement of the piston plate drives the trigger rack connected to it to move. The movement of the trigger rack drives the transmission gear 1 engaged with it to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 1 drives the transmission shaft to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission shaft drives the transmission gear 2 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission gear 2 drives the driving gear to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear drives the driving shaft connected to it to rotate. The rotation of the driving shaft drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the driving pulley and the driving belt. The rotating shaft rotates and drives the adjusting plate to rotate. The adjusting plate rotates to change the opening size of the closed groove, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the water inlet hole and reducing the water outlet hole. When the driving shaft rotates, it drives the rotating gear arranged thereon to rotate synchronously. When the rotating gear rotates, the card slot engaged with it rotates under the push of the rotating gear, and synchronously drives the annular plate to rotate. When the annular plate rotates, it drives the pushing plate located thereon to move. When the pushing plate moves, it drives the pushing rod to move, and drives the sliding block connected to the pushing rod to move in the guide groove. The movement of the sliding block drives the connecting shaft and the connecting plate connected to the connecting shaft to move, and finally drives the rotating block and the blade to move to the bottom of the water outlet, so that the blade rotates under the push of the water flow and breaks up the high-concentration mud. The advantage of the extrusion spring setting is that when the water level in the pile hole returns to normal, the blade will be pushed away from the water outlet. The design of the recovery blade prevents the blade from rotating continuously, thereby preventing the blade from stirring the mud for a long time, driving the mud to surge, causing the mud to impact the pile hole wall, and damaging the pile hole wall. S4. Concrete pouring: The conduit method is used to pour concrete to ensure that the concrete fills the entire pile hole. The pouring process must be carried out continuously to avoid interruptions that may cause broken piles. The concrete bottom sealing pouring uses a bladder as a water stopper and a plug-pulling method, that is, a bladder is installed at the bottom of the funnel and the top of the conduit, and the conduit opening is sealed with a cover plate. The cover plate is hung on the hook of the lifting equipment through a wire rope. When the first batch of concrete is poured, the cover plate can be lifted to a certain height to open the cover plate and allow the concrete to fall. When pouring concrete, the casing pulling speed should be consistent with the concrete pouring speed, and the concrete should be kept 1 to 2 meters above the bottom of the sleeve. When the outer steel casing is poured, the steel casing is pulled out while vibrating with a vibrating hammer, and its verticality must be maintained during pulling out.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Benefits of regulating components: Automatic water level adjustment: During the hole cleaning process, when the water level in the pile hole approaches the groundwater level, the regulating component can automatically expand the water inlet hole and reduce the water outlet hole. This mechanism effectively prevents the water level from accidentally dropping below the groundwater level and ensures the stability of the water level in the hole.

[0015] Maintaining water level difference: By accelerating the entry of groundwater and slowing down the discharge of water, the regulating component forms and maintains a higher water level difference in the pile hole, so that the water level in the pile hole is always higher than the groundwater level, enhancing the stability of the hole wall.

[0016] Enhance hole wall stability: The increase in hydrostatic pressure in the hole helps to resist the collapse tendency of the hole wall soil under groundwater pressure, thereby improving the overall stability of the hole wall.

[0017] Reduce seepage scouring: The reduced water outlet slows down the seepage velocity of groundwater around the pile hole, reduces the scouring and erosion effect of seepage on the hole wall, and protects the integrity of the hole wall.

[0018] Benefits of hybrid components: Mud concentration maintenance: When the water level in the hole drops and causes mud dilution, the setting of the mixing component allows the staff to increase the concentration of the injected mud and maintain the appropriate concentration of the mud through the breaking operation.

[0019] Improve mud uniformity: Breaking up high-concentration mud can make the solid content therein more evenly distributed, avoid the situation where the local concentration is too high or too low, and improve the overall performance of the mud.

[0020] Improve mud fluidity: The mud after being broken up has better fluidity, which helps to better fill the gaps in the pile hole, reduce bubbles and particle agglomerates in the mud, and improve the support effect of the mud.

[0021] Improve pouring quality: Ensure that the mud and concrete are evenly mixed during concrete pouring, prevent the solid content in the high-concentration mud from forming lumps or sediments in the concrete, improve the uniformity and density of the concrete, and thus improve the pouring quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating component and the mixing component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the trigger airbag is separated from the positioning chamber; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning bin of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of explosion structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting member of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Another structural diagram; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of explosion structure; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle A area; Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cut-away adjustment plate; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled parts structure of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1, fixed frame; 2, positioning rod; 3, cleaning pipe; 4, adjustment plate; 5, control assembly; 6, adjustment member; 61, positioning chamber; 62, circulation chamber; 63, isolation plate; 64, rotating groove; 65, closed groove; 66, rotating shaft; 7, driving member; 71, driving shaft; 72, driving pulley; 73, driving belt; 74, fixed plate; 75, transmission shaft; 76, transmission gear 1; 77, transmission gear 2; 78, driving gear; 8, trigger member; 81, trigger airbag; 82, reset spring; 83, reset plate; 84. air guide tube; 85. pneumatic chamber; 86. piston plate; 87. trigger rack; 9. mixing assembly; 10. breaking parts; 101. guide plate; 102. guide groove; 103. sliding block; 104. connecting shaft; 105. connecting plate; 106. fixing ring; 107. rotating block; 108. blade; 11. moving part; 111. rotating gear; 112. annular plate; 113. slot; 114. pushing rod; 115. multi-stage telescopic rod; 116. pushing block; 117. extrusion spring; 118. pushing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 See also Figure 1-Figure 11 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device and construction method, comprising a fixing frame 1, a positioning rod 2 and a cleaning pipe 3, and also comprising an adjusting plate 4, wherein the adjusting plate 4 is located on the positioning rod 2, and the opening sizes of the water inlet and the water outlet in the pile hole are adjusted by the adjusting plate 4 during hole cleaning.

[0026] The regulating component 5 is arranged on the positioning rod 2, and the regulating plate 4 is arranged on the regulating component 5. When the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level, the regulating component 5 drives the regulating plate 4 to rotate, thereby controlling the opening of the water inlet to become larger and the opening of the water outlet to become smaller.

[0027] The advantage of setting up the regulating component 5 is that, during the hole cleaning process, when the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level, the water inlet hole can be automatically enlarged and the water outlet hole can be simultaneously reduced. Enlarging the water inlet hole can accelerate the speed at which groundwater enters the pile hole, while reducing the water outlet hole slows down the speed at which water is discharged from the pile hole. In this way, a higher water level difference can be formed and maintained in the pile hole, ensuring that the water level in the pile hole is always higher than the groundwater level. During the hole cleaning process, due to the extraction of mud and the removal of drilling cuttings, there is a risk that the water level in the pile hole will drop. Through this measure, the water level can be effectively prevented from dropping below the groundwater level, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the stability of the hole wall. Moreover, when the water level in the pile hole is higher than the groundwater level, the hydrostatic pressure in the hole will increase accordingly. This hydrostatic pressure helps to resist the collapse tendency of the hole wall soil under the groundwater pressure and improve the stability of the hole wall. The reduced water outlet can slow down the seepage rate of groundwater around the pile hole, reduce the scouring and erosion of the hole wall by the seepage, and further protect the integrity of the hole wall.

[0028] The mixing component 9 is arranged on the regulating component 5, and is used to break up the injected high-viscosity mud when the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level.

[0029] When the water level in the hole drops to the height of the groundwater level, the mud will be diluted. In order to maintain the concentration of the mud, the staff will control the concentration of the injected mud through the control chip. At this time, the setting of the mixing component 9 can break up the high-concentration mud injected into the pile hole. Breaking up the high-concentration mud can make the solid content therein more evenly distributed, reduce the local concentration is too high or too low, thereby improving the mud's hole cleaning performance. The fluidity of the mud is crucial to its support and hole cleaning effect in the pile hole. The mud after breaking up has better fluidity, which helps to better fill the gaps in the pile hole, reduce bubbles and particle agglomerates in the mud, and improve the support effect of the mud. Moreover, if the high-concentration mud is not broken up, the solid content therein may form agglomerates or sediments during the concrete pouring process, affecting the uniformity and density of the concrete. The broken up mud can ensure that the mud and concrete are evenly mixed during the subsequent concrete pouring, thereby improving the pouring quality.

[0030] The regulating component 5 includes an adjusting member 6 arranged on the positioning rod 2, and the opening size of the water inlet and the water outlet is adjusted by the adjusting member 6. The adjusting member 6 is provided with a driving member 7, and the adjusting member 6 is driven to work by the driving member 7. The adjusting member 6 is provided with a triggering member 8, and the driving member 7 is driven to work by the triggering member 8.

[0031] The adjusting member 6 includes a positioning bin 61 arranged on the positioning rod 2, a circulation bin 62 is arranged in the positioning bin 61, the circulation bin 62 is connected with the cleaning pipe 3, an isolation plate 63 is arranged in the circulation bin 62, a rotating groove 64 is opened on the side wall of the circulation bin 62, a plurality of closed grooves 65 are opened on the circulation bin 62, the closed grooves 65 penetrate the side wall of the circulation bin 62 and are connected with the rotating groove 64, a rotating shaft 66 is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove 64, one end of the rotating shaft 66 passes through the rotating groove 64, the rotating shaft 66 is connected with the adjusting plate 4, and the adjusting plate 4 is slidably connected with the rotating groove 64.

[0032] The advantage of setting the adjusting member 6 is that when the water level in the pile hole is close to the groundwater level, the water inlet hole can be automatically enlarged and the water outlet hole can be reduced at the same time. Enlarging the water inlet hole can accelerate the speed at which groundwater enters the pile hole, while reducing the water outlet hole slows down the speed at which water is discharged from the pile hole. In this way, a higher water level difference can be formed and maintained in the pile hole, ensuring that the water level in the pile hole is always higher than the groundwater level, thereby avoiding the collapse of the hole wall soil under the groundwater pressure due to the water level difference being too low.

[0033] During the hole cleaning process, when the water level in the pile hole drops rapidly, the water pressure on the trigger airbag 81 located on the positioning chamber 61 becomes smaller. At this time, the trigger airbag 81 expands and resets under the push of the reset spring 82, so that negative pressure is formed in the pneumatic chamber 85 connected thereto, thereby driving the piston plate 86 to move in the pneumatic chamber 85. The movement of the piston plate 86 drives the trigger rack 87 connected thereto to move. The movement of the trigger rack 87 drives the transmission gear 1 76 engaged therewith to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 1 76 drives the transmission shaft 75 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission shaft 75 drives the transmission gear 2 77 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission gear 2 77 drives the driving gear 78 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 78 drives the driving shaft 71 connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the driving shaft 71 drives the rotating shaft 66 to rotate through the driving pulley 72 and the driving belt 73. The rotating shaft 66 drives the adjusting plate 4 to rotate. The adjusting plate 4 rotates to change the opening size of the closed groove 65, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the water inlet hole and reducing the water outlet hole.

[0034] The driving member 7 includes a driving shaft 71 rotatably arranged in the positioning bin 61, and a driving pulley 72 is arranged on the driving shaft 71 and the transmission shaft 75, and a driving belt 73 is arranged on the driving pulley 72. A fixing plate 74 is arranged in the positioning bin 61, and a transmission shaft 75 is rotatably arranged on the fixing plate 74, and a transmission gear 1 76 is arranged on the transmission shaft 75. A transmission gear 2 77 is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 75 away from the transmission gear 1 76, and a driving gear 78 meshing with the transmission gear 2 77 is arranged on the driving shaft 71.

[0035] The trigger member 8 includes a trigger airbag 81 arranged on the positioning chamber 61, a return spring 82 is arranged in the trigger airbag 81, a return plate 83 is arranged on the return spring 82, an air guide tube 84 is arranged on the trigger airbag 81, one end of the air guide tube 84 passes through the positioning chamber 61, a pneumatic chamber 85 is arranged in the positioning chamber 61, the pneumatic chamber 85 is connected with the air guide tube 84, a piston plate 86 is slidably arranged in the pneumatic chamber 85, and a trigger rack 87 engaged with the transmission gear 76 is arranged on the piston plate 86.

[0036] The advantage of setting up the trigger member 8 is that it can always monitor the water level height in the pile hole and can respond in time when the water level changes. During the drilling process, the change of the water level in the hole directly affects the stability of the hole wall. By monitoring the water level in real time, once it is found that the water level drops too fast or too low, the size of the inlet and outlet holes can be immediately changed, and mud can be added in time to maintain the water level in the hole, thereby effectively preventing the hole wall from collapsing and ensuring the safety of construction personnel.

[0037] The mixing assembly 9 includes a dispersing member 10 disposed in the positioning bin 61 , which is used to disperse the high-concentration mud poured into the pile hole. A moving member 11 is disposed in the positioning bin 61 , and the dispersing member 10 is driven to move in the positioning bin 61 by the moving member 11 .

[0038] The disassembled parts 10 include a guide plate 101 arranged in the positioning bin 61, a guide groove 102 is formed on the guide plate 101, a sliding block 103 is slidably arranged in the guide groove 102, a connecting shaft 104 is rotatably arranged on the sliding block 103, a connecting plate 105 is arranged on the connecting shaft 104, a fixing ring 106 is arranged on the connecting plate 105, a rotating block 107 is rotatably arranged on the connecting plate 105, the rotating block 107 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 104, and a plurality of blades 108 are arranged on the rotating block 107.

[0039] The advantage of setting up the breaking piece 10 is that it can break up the high-concentration mud poured into the pile hole. Breaking up the high-concentration mud can make the solid content therein more evenly distributed, reduce the situation where the local concentration is too high or too low, and thus improve the mud's hole cleaning performance.

[0040] The moving part 11 includes a rotating gear 111 arranged on the driving shaft 71, an annular plate 112 is rotatably arranged in the positioning bin 61, a slot 113 engaged with the rotating gear 111 is opened on the annular plate 112, a pushing rod 114 is arranged on the sliding block 103, and the pushing rod 114 is L-shaped, a multi-stage telescopic rod 115 is arranged in the guide groove 102, a pushing block 116 is arranged at the end of the multi-stage telescopic rod 115, an extrusion spring 117 is sleeved on the multi-stage telescopic rod 115, a pushing plate 118 is arranged on the annular plate 112, and the pushing plate 118 is a wedge-shaped plate, and the pushing plate 118 is in contact with the pushing rod 114.

[0041] The driving shaft 71 rotates and drives the rotating gear 111 disposed thereon to rotate synchronously. When the rotating gear 111 rotates, the slot 113 engaged therewith rotates under the push of the rotating gear 111, and drives the annular plate 112 to rotate synchronously. When the annular plate 112 rotates, it drives the push plate 118 disposed thereon to move. When the push plate 118 moves, it drives the push rod 114 to move, and drives the sliding block 103 connected to the push rod 114 to move in the guide groove 102. The movement of the sliding block 103 drives the connecting shaft 101 to rotate. 4 and the connecting plate 105 connected to the connecting shaft 104 move, and finally drive the rotating block 107 and the blade 108 to move to the right below the water outlet, so that the blade 108 rotates under the impetus of the water flow and breaks up the high-concentration mud. The advantage of the setting of the extrusion spring 117 is that when the water level in the pile hole returns to normal, the blade 108 will be pushed away from the water outlet, and the setting of the recovery blade 108 makes the blade 108 not to rotate continuously, thereby avoiding long-term stirring of the mud, causing the mud to impact the pile hole wall and damage the pile hole wall.

[0042] The construction method of the bored and expanded bottom cast-in-place pile construction device is as follows: S1. Preparation before drilling: According to the design drawings, use total stations and other equipment to lay out the pile positions and bury the casing to ensure its verticality and stability. The casing is made of rolled and welded steel plates, and its diameter is 200mm larger than the pile diameter. When burying, pay attention to the deviation control between the center of the casing and the center of the pile position. Then move the drilling rig to the designated position, adjust the drill bit to align with the pile position, and the deviation of the drilling rig position should not exceed 2cm to ensure the verticality of the drilling rig; S2. Drilling: Start drilling, pay attention to controlling mud index, keep the hole wall stable, add mud and extract slag continuously during drilling to prevent hole wall collapse, use rock-embedded bottom drill bit when drilling, rock-embedded bottom drill bit is improved on the basis of ordinary bottom drill bit, add a ring chassis at the bottom of the bottom drill bit, there are drill teeth around the bottom of the chassis, which can drill downward, and there are columns on the upper part of the chassis, which can drive the chassis with the lower wing, and the outer edge of the drill teeth on the lower wing of the hole-enlarging drill bit is 45° with the horizontal direction, which is convenient for slag cleaning. After the rock bottom expansion drill bit is placed at the bottom of the hole, the drill bit is pressurized through the drill rod, and the wing arms on both sides of the drill bit expand to both sides to form an expanded hole. After the hole is expanded to the right position, the wing arms on both sides of the drill bit descend, and through the column limit, the chassis is driven to rotate, thereby expanding the bottom downward. The bottom expansion drill bit has two advantages: first, when the hole is not expanded to the right position, the chassis will not rotate and will not drill downward. It must be expanded on both sides before drilling downward; second, the drill bit can drill downward during the hole expansion process to form a straight line segment, reducing the number of bottom expansion times and improving the bottom expansion efficiency; S3, washing holes: After the borehole reaches the designed depth, the hole is cleaned to remove the sediment at the bottom of the hole. The borehole is flushed by introducing a large amount of running water through a conduit to flush from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole; if the flushing water pressure is 80% of the grouting pressure and is greater than 1Mp, 1Mpa is used; after flushing, the hole should be grouted immediately and continuously, and grouting should be resumed as soon as possible if interrupted for some reason. If the interruption time is more than 30 minutes, it should be flushed again before grouting, and grouting should be resumed after cleaning; During the hole washing process, when the water level in the pile hole drops rapidly, the water pressure on the trigger airbag 81 located on the positioning chamber 61 becomes smaller. At this time, the trigger airbag 81 expands and resets under the push of the reset spring 82, so that negative pressure is formed in the pneumatic chamber 85 connected thereto, thereby driving the piston plate 86 to move in the pneumatic chamber 85. The movement of the piston plate 86 drives the trigger rack 87 connected thereto to move. The movement of the trigger rack 87 drives the transmission gear 1 76 engaged therewith to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 1 76 drives the transmission shaft 75 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission shaft 75 drives the transmission gear 2 77 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission gear 2 77 drives the driving gear 78 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 78 drives the driving shaft 71 connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the driving shaft 71 drives the rotating shaft 66 to rotate through the driving pulley 72 and the driving belt 73. The rotating shaft 66 drives the adjusting plate 4 to rotate. The adjusting plate 4 rotates to change the opening size of the closed groove 65, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the water inlet hole and reducing the water outlet hole. The driving shaft 71 rotates while driving the rotating gear 111 disposed thereon to rotate synchronously. When the rotating gear 111 rotates, the slot 113 engaged therewith rotates under the push of the rotating gear 111, and synchronously drives the annular plate 112 to rotate. When the annular plate 112 rotates, it drives the push plate 118 disposed thereon to move. When the push plate 118 moves, it drives the push rod 114 to move, and drives the sliding block 103 connected to the push rod 114 to move in the guide groove 102. The movement of the sliding block 103 drives the connecting shaft 104 and the connecting shaft 104 to move. The connecting plate 105 connected to 104 moves, and finally drives the rotating block 107 and the blade 108 to move to the right below the water outlet, so that the blade 108 rotates under the impetus of the water flow and breaks up the high-concentration mud. The advantage of the arrangement of the extrusion spring 117 is that when the water level in the pile hole returns to normal, the blade 108 will be pushed away from the water outlet. The design of the recovery blade 108 makes the blade 108 not rotate continuously, thereby preventing the blade 108 from stirring the mud for a long time, driving the mud to surge, causing the mud to impact the pile hole wall, and damaging the pile hole wall. S4. Concrete pouring: The conduit method is used to pour concrete to ensure that the concrete fills the entire pile hole. The pouring process must be carried out continuously to avoid interruptions that may cause broken piles. The concrete bottom sealing pouring uses a bladder as a water stopper and a plug-pulling method, that is, a bladder is installed at the bottom of the funnel and the top of the conduit, and the conduit opening is sealed with a cover plate. The cover plate is hung on the hook of the lifting equipment through a wire rope. When the first batch of concrete is poured, the cover plate can be lifted to a certain height to open the cover plate and allow the concrete to fall. When pouring concrete, the casing pulling speed should be consistent with the concrete pouring speed, and the concrete should be kept 1 to 2 meters above the bottom of the sleeve. When the outer steel casing is poured, the steel casing is pulled out while vibrating with a vibrating hammer, and its verticality must be maintained during pulling out.

[0043] The control procedure of the control chip to control the mud concentration in the pile hole is as follows: 1. Conditions: Use a conductivity sensor or a density meter to measure the mud concentration.

[0044] The control target is the preset mud concentration value.

[0045] A PID control algorithm is used to adjust the mud concentration.

[0046] The control actuators include a mud pump and a dilution water injection valve.

[0047] The control code is as follows: / / Initialize variables target_concentration = 1.5 / / Target mud concentration current_concentration = measure_concentration() / / Initial measurement of mud concentration previous_error = 0 integral = 0 derivative = 0 Kp = 0.1 / / PID proportional coefficient Ki = 0.01 / / PID integral coefficient Kd = 0.05 / / PID differential coefficient / / PID control loop while (true): current_concentration = measure_concentration() / / Real-time measurement of mud concentration error = target_concentration - current_concentration / / Calculation error / / Calculate each PID integral += error / / integral term derivative = error - previous_error / / differential term (simple difference) / / Calculate PID output output = Kp * error + Ki * integral + Kd * derivative / / Adjust the control actuator according to the PID output if output>0: / / If you need to increase the mud concentration (in practice, you may need to reduce the dilution water or increase the mud) adjust_pump_speed(output) / / Assume that the adjust_pump_speed function adjusts the mud pump speed according to the PID output open_dilution_valve_less(output) / / Assume that the amount of dilution water injected is reduced else: / / If you need to reduce the mud concentration (add dilution water) adjust_pump_speed(0) / / You may need to keep the mud pump speed unchanged or adjust it according to the specific situation open_dilution_valve_more(-output) / / Increase the amount of dilution water injected according to PID output previous_error = error / / Update the previous error wait(1) / / Wait for a certain period of time before measuring and adjusting again / / Auxiliary function definition (pseudocode) function measure_concentration(): / / Use the sensor to measure the mud concentration and return return sensor_reading function adjust_pump_speed(speed): / / Adjust the speed of the mud pump according to the parameters / / ... function open_dilution_valve_less(amount): / / Reduce the amount of dilution water injected / / ... function open_dilution_valve_more(amount): / / Increase the amount of dilution water injected / / ... When in use, during the hole cleaning process, when the water level in the pile hole drops rapidly, the water pressure on the trigger airbag 81 located on the positioning chamber 61 becomes smaller. At this time, the trigger airbag 81 expands and resets under the push of the reset spring 82, so that negative pressure is formed in the pneumatic chamber 85 connected thereto, thereby driving the piston plate 86 to move in the pneumatic chamber 85. The movement of the piston plate 86 drives the trigger rack 87 connected thereto to move. The movement of the trigger rack 87 drives the transmission gear 1 76 engaged therewith to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 1 76 drives the transmission shaft 75 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission shaft 75 drives the transmission gear 2 77 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the transmission gear 2 77 drives the driving gear 78 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 78 drives the driving shaft 71 connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the driving shaft 71 drives the rotating shaft 66 to rotate through the driving pulley 72 and the driving belt 73. The rotating shaft 66 rotates, drives the adjusting plate 4 to rotate, and the adjusting plate 4 rotates to change the opening size of the closed groove 65, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the water inlet hole and reducing the water outlet hole.

[0048] The driving shaft 71 rotates and drives the rotating gear 111 disposed thereon to rotate synchronously. When the rotating gear 111 rotates, the slot 113 engaged therewith rotates under the push of the rotating gear 111, and drives the annular plate 112 to rotate synchronously. When the annular plate 112 rotates, it drives the push plate 118 disposed thereon to move. When the push plate 118 moves, it drives the push rod 114 to move, and drives the sliding block 103 connected to the push rod 114 to move in the guide groove 102. The movement of the sliding block 103 drives the connecting shaft 101 to rotate. 4 and the connecting plate 105 connected to the connecting shaft 104 move, and finally drive the rotating block 107 and the blade 108 to move to the right below the water outlet, so that the blade 108 rotates under the impetus of the water flow and breaks up the high-concentration mud. The advantage of the setting of the extrusion spring 117 is that when the water level in the pile hole returns to normal, the blade 108 will be pushed away from the water outlet, and the setting of the recovery blade 108 makes the blade 108 not to rotate continuously, thereby avoiding long-term stirring of the mud, causing the mud to impact the pile hole wall and damage the pile hole wall.

[0049] Example 2 See also Fig.12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: Different from the first embodiment, the trigger airbag 81 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane material. The trigger airbag 81 made of thermoplastic polyurethane material has higher strength and stronger wear resistance, and can effectively improve the service life of the trigger airbag 81.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device, comprising a fixing frame (1), a positioning rod (2) and a cleaning pipe (3), characterized in that: Also includes: An adjusting plate (4), the adjusting plate (4) being located on the positioning rod (2) and being used to adjust the opening sizes of the water inlet and the water outlet in the pile hole during hole washing; A regulating component (5), the regulating component (5) being arranged on the positioning rod (2), and the regulating plate (4) being arranged on the regulating component (5), and the regulating plate (4) being driven to rotate when the water level in the pile hole approaches the groundwater level, thereby controlling the opening of the water inlet to become larger and the opening of the water outlet to become smaller; A mixing component (9), wherein the mixing component (9) is arranged on the regulating component (5), and when the water level in the pile hole approaches the groundwater level, the mixing component (9) is used to disperse the injected high-viscosity mud.

2. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating component (5) comprises an adjusting member (6) arranged on the positioning rod (2), and the opening sizes of the water inlet and the water outlet are adjusted by means of the adjusting member (6); a driving member (7) is arranged on the adjusting member (6), and the adjusting member (6) is driven to work by means of the driving member (7); and a triggering member (8) is arranged on the adjusting member (6), and the driving member (7) is driven to work by means of the triggering member (8).

3. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting member (6) comprises a positioning chamber (61) arranged on the positioning rod (2), a circulation chamber (62) being arranged in the positioning chamber (61), the circulation chamber (62) being communicated with the cleaning pipe (3), an isolation plate (63) being arranged in the circulation chamber (62), a rotating groove (64) being provided on the side wall of the circulation chamber (62), a plurality of sealed grooves (65) being provided on the circulation chamber (62), the sealed grooves (65) penetrating the side wall of the circulation chamber (62) and being communicated with the rotating groove (64), a rotating shaft (66) being rotatably arranged in the rotating groove (64), one end of the rotating shaft (66) passing through the rotating groove (64), the rotating shaft (66) being connected to the adjusting plate (4), and the adjusting plate (4) being slidably connected to the rotating groove (64).

4. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving member (7) comprises a driving shaft (71) rotatably arranged in the positioning bin (61), a driving pulley (72) being arranged on both the driving shaft (71) and the transmission shaft (75), a driving belt (73) being arranged on the driving pulley (72), a fixing plate (74) being arranged in the positioning bin (61), a transmission shaft (75) being rotatably arranged on the fixing plate (74), a transmission gear 1 (76) being arranged on the transmission shaft (75), a transmission gear 2 (77) being arranged at one end of the transmission shaft (75) away from the transmission gear 1 (76), and a driving gear (78) being arranged on the driving shaft (71) and meshing with the transmission gear 2 (77).

5. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The trigger member (8) comprises a trigger airbag (81) arranged on the positioning chamber (61), a return spring (82) being arranged in the trigger airbag (81), a return plate (83) being arranged on the return spring (82), an air guide tube (84) being arranged on the trigger airbag (81), one end of the air guide tube (84) passing through the positioning chamber (61), a pneumatic chamber (85) being arranged in the positioning chamber (61), the pneumatic chamber (85) being in communication with the air guide tube (84), a piston plate (86) being slidably arranged in the pneumatic chamber (85), and a trigger rack (87) being arranged on the piston plate (86) and meshing with the transmission gear 1 (76).

6. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The mixing assembly (9) comprises a dispersing member (10) arranged in a positioning bin (61), and the dispersing member (10) is used to disperse the high-concentration mud poured into the pile hole. A moving member (11) is arranged in the positioning bin (61), and the dispersing member (10) is driven to move in the positioning bin (61) by the moving member (11).

7. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The disassembling piece (10) comprises a guide plate (101) arranged in a positioning bin (61), a guide groove (102) being formed on the guide plate (101), a sliding block (103) being slidably arranged in the guide groove (102), a connecting shaft (104) being rotatably arranged on the sliding block (103), a connecting plate (105) being arranged on the connecting shaft (104), a fixing ring (106) being arranged on the connecting plate (105), a rotating block (107) being rotatably arranged on the connecting plate (105), the rotating block (107) being rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (104), and a plurality of blades (108) being arranged on the rotating block (107).

8. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The moving member (11) comprises a rotating gear (111) arranged on a driving shaft (71); an annular plate (112) is rotatably arranged in the positioning chamber (61); a slot (113) is provided on the annular plate (112) and engages with the rotating gear (111); a pushing rod (114) is arranged on the sliding block (103); the pushing rod (114) is L-shaped; a multi-stage telescopic rod (115) is arranged in the guide groove (102); a pushing block (116) is arranged at the end of the multi-stage telescopic rod (115); a pressing spring (117) is sleeved on the multi-stage telescopic rod (115); a pushing plate (118) is arranged on the annular plate (112); the pushing plate (118) is a wedge-shaped plate, and the pushing plate (118) is in close contact with the pushing rod (114).

9. The bored and bottom-enlarged cast-in-place pile construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger airbag (81) is made of thermoplastic polyurethane.

10. A construction method for the bored pile construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1: Preparation before drilling: Use equipment to lay out the pile position according to the design drawings, bury the casing, ensure its verticality and stability, then move the drilling rig to the designated position, adjust the drill bit to align with the pile position, and ensure the verticality of the drilling rig; S2: Drilling. Start the drilling rig to drill. Pay attention to controlling the mud index and keeping the hole wall stable. Use a rock-embedded bottom expansion drill bit when drilling. Apply pressure to the drill bit through the drill rod. The wing arms on both sides of the drill bit expand to both sides to form a hole expansion. After the hole is expanded, the wing arms on both sides of the drill bit drop to drive the chassis to rotate, thereby expanding the bottom downwards. S3: Hole washing: After the hole reaches the designed depth, the hole is cleaned to remove the sediment at the bottom of the hole. A large amount of running water is introduced through a conduit to wash from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole. After cleaning, grouting is resumed; S4: Concrete pouring: use the conduit method to pour concrete to ensure that the concrete fills the entire pile hole. The pouring process must be carried out continuously. The concrete bottom sealing pouring uses a bladder as a water stopper and is constructed using the plug removal method.

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